American journal of Alzheimer's disease and other dementias最新文献

{"title":"Development and Validation of a Machine Learning-Based Dementia Screening Tool: The Six-Question Dementia Screening Test.","authors":"Meng-Tien Wu, Kuan-Ying Li, Ching-Fang Chien, Ling-Chun Huang, Chen-Wen Yen, Yuan-Han Yang","doi":"10.1177/15333175261424333","DOIUrl":"10.1177/15333175261424333","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Timely detection of dementia is crucial for reducing its health and societal burden. Standard tools such as the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) and Cognitive Abilities Screening Instrument (CASI), although widely used, are limited by time and resource demands. This study developed and validated a machine learning-based screening tool using the Six-Question Dementia Screening Test (6Q-DS), a brief interview of six items. Data from 533 older adults at a neurology clinic in Taiwan (331 with dementia, 202 without) were analyzed with eXtreme Gradient Boosting. The 6Q-DS achieved an AUC of 0.936, sensitivity 0.879, specificity 0.951, and accuracy 0.907 for dementia vs non-dementia. For identifying very mild dementia vs non-dementia, the AUC was 0.874, with a sensitivity of 0.818, specificity of 0.805, and accuracy of 0.810. Comparable to MMSE and CASI, the 6Q-DS provides a practical, rapid, and user-friendly tool for dementia screening.</p>","PeriodicalId":93865,"journal":{"name":"American journal of Alzheimer's disease and other dementias","volume":"41 ","pages":"15333175261424333"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12921207/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146215379","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Four Common Beliefs About Patient Memory Evaluations: Who Has Them and What Modifies Them?","authors":"Shana D Stites, Carolyn Kuz, Emily A Largent, Kristin Harkins, Abba Krieger, Pamela Sankar, Sarah J Barber","doi":"10.1177/15333175261447038","DOIUrl":"10.1177/15333175261447038","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Understanding public beliefs about patients at memory centers may inform efforts to promote early diagnosis and guide clinical discussions of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Adults (N=3,527) read a vignette describing a fictional person at a memory center and rated the person's condition as a mental illness, part of typical aging, and psychological or biological origins. Vignettes varied by AD biomarker result, symptom stage, and treatment availability. Participants most strongly believed that the condition was part of typical aging and biological in origin, though beliefs varied across subgroups. Black and Asian participants reported stronger beliefs than White participants that the condition was a mental illness (<i>β</i>=0.39, <i>P</i><0.001) and psychological (<i>β</i>=0.46, <i>P</i><0.001). Men reported stronger beliefs that the condition was a mental illness (<i>β</i>=0.19, <i>P</i><0.001), psychological (<i>β</i>=0.14, <i>P</i><0.001), and part of typical aging (β=-0.08, <i>P</i>=0.04). Biomarker positivity heightened biological and lowered psychological attributions (all <i>P</i><0.05). The findings offer specific insights to guide intervention.</p>","PeriodicalId":93865,"journal":{"name":"American journal of Alzheimer's disease and other dementias","volume":"41 ","pages":"15333175261447038"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13153494/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147824527","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Caregiving in Alzheimer's Disease and Related Dementias: Insights from Diverse Family Structures.","authors":"Joel G Anderson, N Maritza Dowling, Jason D Flatt","doi":"10.1177/15333175261489377","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/15333175261489377","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The growing population of people living with Alzheimer's disease and related dementias (ADRD) has increased the demand for informal care by family members and friends. While a growing number of studies about ADRD caregiving have engaged caregivers from diverse racial, ethnic, and/or sexual and gender minority backgrounds, more research is needed regarding the lived experiences of these populations of caregivers and the barriers and facilitators to supporting their well-being. This special collection aimed to understand better the impact and complex dynamics of caring for someone living with ADRD within diverse family structures.</p>","PeriodicalId":93865,"journal":{"name":"American journal of Alzheimer's disease and other dementias","volume":"41 ","pages":"15333175261489377"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149026816","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Distance-dependent Functional Connectivity Strength Analysis Using Resting-State fMRI: Application to Vascular Cognitive Impairment, No Dementia.","authors":"Qiong-Ge Li, Yi Xing, Yi Shan, Ya-Yan Yin, Yi Tang, Jie Lu","doi":"10.1177/15333175261491804","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/15333175261491804","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We present a resting-state fMRI-based protocol for quantifying anatomical distance-dependent functional connectivity strength (FCS) and demonstrate its application in vascular cognitive impairment, no dementia (VCIND). Resting-state fMRI data from VCIND patients and demographically matched normal controls were analyzed using voxel-wise FCS across six anatomical distance intervals to characterize short-, medium-, and long-range functional connectivity. Network-level analyses were also performed to identify large-scale network involvement. The results reveal a hierarchical distance-dependent organization of functional connectivity, with short-range connectivity concentrated in primary sensory systems and long-range connectivity increasingly involving higher-order association networks. In VCIND, significant alterations were observed particularly within the frontoparietal network, suggesting compensatory network reorganization associated with cognitive performance. These distance-dependent FCS alterations may serve as potential neuroimaging markers for early identification and risk stratification of VCIND and may also support longitudinal monitoring of functional network changes.</p>","PeriodicalId":93865,"journal":{"name":"American journal of Alzheimer's disease and other dementias","volume":"41 ","pages":"15333175261491804"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149003222","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cognitive and Mental Health Differences Across Latent Profiles of Religiosity and Spirituality in Korean Older Adults With Mild Cognitive Impairment or Alzheimer's Disease.","authors":"Mira Hur, Minkyung Kim, Sooyeon Min, Chang Hyun Lee, Do Hoon Kim","doi":"10.1177/15333175251415119","DOIUrl":"10.1177/15333175251415119","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Religiosity and spirituality (R/S) encompass organizational activity, private practice, and intrinsic beliefs, which may relate differently to cognitive and mental health outcomes in older adults. This study identified latent R/S profiles among South Korean older adults with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and Alzheimer's disease (AD), and examined differences in cognitive function, psychological well-being, and depressive symptoms. Latent profile analysis using Duke University Religion Index indicators was conducted with 518 patients (MCI: n = 224; AD: n = 294). In MCI, three classes that differed in well-being and verbal fluency were identified; they showed no differences in depressive symptoms or other cognitive domains. In AD, four classes were identified that differed in the Short Blessed Test and Word List Recall; in these, well-being, depression, and other cognitive outcomes did not differ across classes. These findings underscore the relevance of diverse R/S patterns in individualized care for older adults with neurocognitive disorders.</p>","PeriodicalId":93865,"journal":{"name":"American journal of Alzheimer's disease and other dementias","volume":"41 ","pages":"15333175251415119"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12852587/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146095190","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multi-Scale Integrative Transcriptomic Analysis of Alzheimer's Disease and Atopic Dermatitis Reveals Shared Immune and Cellular Networks.","authors":"Hongwei Liu, Zhaoxu Yin, Zhinan Ye, Ying Chen","doi":"10.1177/15333175261495656","DOIUrl":"10.1177/15333175261495656","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>BackgroundAlzheimer's disease and atopic dermatitis may converge on shared immunoinflammatory pathways, but their molecular relationship remains poorly defined.MethodsWe integrated differential expression, enrichment analysis, network prioritization, machine learning, external dataset assessment, and Mendelian randomization to identify shared molecular signatures and assess their causal relevance. Single-cell transcriptomics, cell-cell communication analysis, virtual knockout, and molecular simulation were further applied to define cell-type-specific signaling networks and evaluate drug-target interactions.ResultsIntegrative transcriptomic analyses identified MYD88 and FGR as hub genes linking immune activation with structural regulation. Convergent evidence highlighted the IgSF CAM signaling pathway, suggesting that impaired cell adhesion and intercellular communication represent a common pathological feature of both diseases. Single-cell analyses revealed distinct microenvironmental signaling landscapes, characterized by NRG-ERBB4 activity in Alzheimer's disease and MIF-centered immune networks in atopic dermatitis.ConclusionsThese findings suggest potential shared immune-structural regulatory features between Alzheimer's disease and atopic dermatitis.</p>","PeriodicalId":93865,"journal":{"name":"American journal of Alzheimer's disease and other dementias","volume":"41 ","pages":"15333175261495656"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149139775","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Altered Static and Dynamic Structure-function Coupling in Young and Middle-Aged Adults With Vascular Mild Cognitive Impairment: A BNA246 Atlas-Based Brain Network Study.","authors":"Teng Zhang, Weifang Gao, Jiaji Tu, Xiaohong Wang, Ning Luo, Xiaotian Xu","doi":"10.1177/15333175261495870","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/15333175261495870","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>ObjectiveVascular mild cognitive impairment (VaMCI) is an early stage of vascular dementia, yet its neuroimaging characteristics are not fully understood. This study examined alterations in structural-functional connectivity (SC-FC) coupling and their relationships with cognition in young and middle-aged patients with VaMCI.MethodsWe acquired diffusion tensor imaging and resting-state functional MRI data from 83 young and middle-aged patients with VaMCI and 82 healthy controls (HCs). Based on the Brainnetome Atlas (BNA246), static and dynamic SC-FC coupling metrics (Static Coupling, Dynamic Mean, Variance, Bias, and Probability) were calculated using a time point-by-time point edge-centric co-fluctuation analysis. Group differences in these metrics and their partial correlations with neuropsychological scores were assessed, with false discovery rate (FDR) correction applied.ResultsCompared with HCs, young and middle-aged patients with VaMCI exhibited significantly poorer performance in memory, language, and attention. At the regional level, Static Coupling, Bias, and Probability showed significant group differences, whereas Dynamic Mean and Variance did not. At the network level, significant differences in Static Coupling and Bias were found in the default mode network (DMN). In addition, the Probability metric in the left inferior parietal lobule (IPL) within the dorsal attention network (DAN) was negatively correlated with Verbal Fluency Test scores (<i>r</i> = -0.414, <i>p</i> = 0.0001, FDR-corrected <i>q</i> < 0.05).ConclusionYoung and middle-aged patients with VaMCI present a multilevel profile of SC-FC coupling alterations, along with impairments in memory, attention, and language. The DMN appears to be a key network showing SC-FC coupling differences. The Probability metric in the left IPL within the DAN may represent a potential imaging correlate of language dysfunction and an exploratory region of interest for future network-based intervention research. These findings warrant further validation in larger, multicenter, longitudinal, and interventional cohorts.</p>","PeriodicalId":93865,"journal":{"name":"American journal of Alzheimer's disease and other dementias","volume":"41 ","pages":"15333175261495870"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149149632","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Changes of Quality of Life, Behavioural Problems, and Cognition Among Older Adults With Severe Dementia Under Social Distancing Measures in Residential Homes.","authors":"Suet-Lai Leung, Timothy Kwok","doi":"10.1177/15333175261437655","DOIUrl":"10.1177/15333175261437655","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study examined the association between social distancing measures and Quality of Life (QoL), behavioural problems, and cognition among older adults with severe dementia in residential homes. QoL (Chinese version of the Quality of Life for Late-Stage Dementia), behavioural problems (Chinese version of the Neuropsychiatric Inventory), cognition (Chinese version of the Cognitive Test for Severe Dementia), and clinical variables were evaluated at baseline, 6, and 12 months. Activity involvement was recorded on a monthly basis. Sixty-four participants completed the one-year follow-up. QoL worsened continuously from baseline to month-12; correlated with reduced activity involvement and increased depression level. Behavioural problems increased significantly from baseline to month-12; correlated with reduced activity involvement and deteriorated self-care function. Cognition declined significantly from baseline to month-12; correlated with reduced non-sedentary time. The findings suggest that social restrictions may be negatively related to the QoL, behavioural problems, and cognition of residents with severe dementia.</p>","PeriodicalId":93865,"journal":{"name":"American journal of Alzheimer's disease and other dementias","volume":"41 ","pages":"15333175261437655"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13031726/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147517504","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Community-Based Physician Attitudes Related to the Diagnosis and Treatment of Early Alzheimer's Disease in the United States.","authors":"Timothy R Juday, Ashley Holub, Soeren Mattke, Keith A Betts, Sophie A Kitchen, Hongjiao Liu, Feride H Frech, Ara S Khachaturian","doi":"10.1177/15333175261433309","DOIUrl":"10.1177/15333175261433309","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The increasing incidence of Alzheimer's disease (AD) coupled with emerging diagnostics and treatments underscores the need for early detection of AD, yet identifying these individuals remains challenging. This US study sought to examine community-based physician attitudes regarding diagnosis and treatment of early AD (mild cognitive impairment [MCI] due to AD and mild AD). A total of 177 primary care physicians (PCPs) and 147 neurologists recruited through a national physician panel were surveyed about early AD diagnostic and treatment processes, and self-confidence in identifying and managing the condition. Physicians identified patient and family/caregiver involvement as critical in triggering the diagnostic process. Patterns of use of neurocognitive assessments, structural imaging tests, and AD-specific biomarkers varied between PCPs and neurologists. Confidence diagnosing and managing early AD was a concern across specialties, although was greater among PCPs. Programs promoting awareness of early AD symptoms, and emerging technologies and treatments are critical to timely management.</p>","PeriodicalId":93865,"journal":{"name":"American journal of Alzheimer's disease and other dementias","volume":"41 ","pages":"15333175261433309"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13180064/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147936222","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Global Postural Reeducation in Mild Alzheimer's Disease: A Secondary Analysis of an RCT.","authors":"Orges Lena, Jasemin Todri","doi":"10.1177/15333175261489372","DOIUrl":"10.1177/15333175261489372","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>BackgroundDepression and neuropsychiatric symptoms are common in Alzheimer's disease (AD) and may contribute to functional decline and reduced quality of life.MethodsThis secondary analysis used data from a randomized controlled trial (NCT03732053). Fifty-eight participants were analyzed: 36 received supervised GPR twice weekly for 24 weeks and 22 received usual care. Outcomes included the Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS), Neuropsychiatric Inventory (NPI), Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), Barthel Index, and Performance-Oriented Mobility Assessment (POMA). Repeated-measures ANOVA and baseline-adjusted analyses were performed.ResultsAt 24 weeks, GDS scores were lower with GPR than usual care (4.72 ± 2.36 vs. 8.41 ± 2.15; p < 0.001). Significant group × time effects were observed for NPI, MMSE, Barthel Index, and POMA (all p < 0.001).ConclusionGPR may provide complementary benefits across psychological, cognitive, and functional outcomes in mild AD, although baseline imbalance and differential attrition warrant cautious interpretation.</p>","PeriodicalId":93865,"journal":{"name":"American journal of Alzheimer's disease and other dementias","volume":"41 ","pages":"15333175261489372"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149003228","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}