American journal of Alzheimer's disease and other dementias最新文献

{"title":"A Longitudinal Dose-Response Curve Between Leisure-Time Physical Activity and the Prevalence of Diabetes Based on the Different Levels of Cognitive Function Among Older Adults.","authors":"Jungjoo Lee, Junhyoung Kim, Hyo Jin Ju, Sang Joon An, Bomi Woo","doi":"10.1177/15333175241241891","DOIUrl":"10.1177/15333175241241891","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study investigated a dose-response relationship between Leisure-Time Physical Activity participation (LTPA) and the risk of diabetes and a comparison of the risk across different cognitive function groups among older adults. The Health and Retirement Study data were used from 2012 to 2020 (n = 18 746). This study conducted a Cox Proportional Hazard Regression to investigate the Dose-Response Curve between the prevalence of diabetes and the covariates following a level of LTPA participation. The result presented that the Odds Ratio continuously decreased as the level of LTPA participation increased. Among the three cognitive function groups, the high group (OR = .43, <i>P</i> < .05) and the mid group (OR = .71, <i>P</i> < .05) had a larger negative slope coefficient than the low group. This study found that LTPA participation reduces the risk of diabetes and gives evidence for the importance of cognitive function in reducing the prevalence of diabetes.</p>","PeriodicalId":93865,"journal":{"name":"American journal of Alzheimer's disease and other dementias","volume":"39 ","pages":"15333175241241891"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11072067/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140320119","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Heart Rate and its Variability From Short-Term ECG Recordings as Potential Biomarkers for Detecting Mild Cognitive Impairment.","authors":"Anjo Xavier, Sneha Noble, Justin Joseph, Aishwarya Ghosh, Thomas Gregor Issac","doi":"10.1177/15333175241309527","DOIUrl":"10.1177/15333175241309527","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background:</b> Alterations in Heart Rate (HR) and Heart Rate Variability (HRV) reflect autonomic dysfunction associated with neurodegeneration making them biomarkers suitable for detecting Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI). <b>Methods:</b> The study involves 297 urban Indian participants [48.48% (144) were male and 51.51% (153) were female]. MCI was detected in 19.19% (57) of participants and the rest, 80.8% (240) of them were healthy. ECG recordings spanning 10 s were collected and R-peaks were detected. Machine learning algorithms like were employed to further validate the features. <b>Results:</b> The mean of R-to-R (NN) intervals (<i>P</i> = .0021), the RMS of NN intervals (<i>P</i> = .0014), the SDNN (<i>P</i> = .0192) and the RMSSD (<i>P</i> = .0206) values differ significantly between MCI and non-MCI. Machine learning classifiers, SVM, DA, and NB show a high accuracy of 80.801% on RMS feature input. <b>Conclusion:</b> HR and its variability can be considered potential biomarkers for detecting MCI.</p>","PeriodicalId":93865,"journal":{"name":"American journal of Alzheimer's disease and other dementias","volume":"39 ","pages":"15333175241309527"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11650460/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142840554","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Review of the Role of Estrogens in Olfaction, Sleep and Glymphatic Functionality in Relation to Sex Disparity in Alzheimer's Disease.","authors":"Anupa Ekanayake, Senal Peiris, Biyar Ahmed, Sangam Kanekar, Cooper Grove, Deepak Kalra, Paul Eslinger, Qing Yang, Prasanna Karunanayaka","doi":"10.1177/15333175241272025","DOIUrl":"10.1177/15333175241272025","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Several risk factors contribute to the development of Alzheimer's disease (AD), including genetics, metabolic health, cardiovascular history, and diet. It has been observed that women appear to face a higher risk of developing AD. Among the various hypotheses surrounding the gender disparity in AD, one pertains to the potential neuroprotective properties of estrogen. Compared to men, women are believed to be more susceptible to neuropathology due to the significant decline in circulating estrogen levels following menopause. Studies have shown, however, that estrogen replacement therapies in post-menopausal women do not consistently reduce the risk of AD. While menopause and estrogen levels are potential factors in the elevated incidence rates of AD among women, this review highlights the possible roles estrogen has in other pathways that may also contribute to the sex disparity observed in AD such as olfaction, sleep, and glymphatic functionality.</p>","PeriodicalId":93865,"journal":{"name":"American journal of Alzheimer's disease and other dementias","volume":"39 ","pages":"15333175241272025"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11311174/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141908614","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effectiveness of Early Multimodal Non-pharmacological Interventions in Cognitive Preservation in the Elderly.","authors":"Sun-Wung Hsieh, Shih-Fen Hsiao, Lih-Jiun Liaw, Ling-Chun Huang, Yuan-Han Yang","doi":"10.1177/15333175241256803","DOIUrl":"10.1177/15333175241256803","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Multimodal non-pharmacological interventions (MNPI) have been determined as effective in delaying cognitive deterioration. The effectiveness of timing of such interventions in elderly is less discussed. We compared the different effectiveness of MNPI in cognitive preservation in elderly subjects with and without dementia.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We enrolled volunteer the elderly subjects. Subjects were classified as dementia group and non-dementia group by instrument of ascertainment of dementia 8. All were assigned to attend 3 hours of MNPI (physical fitness training, Chinese capillary, and Chinese drawings and paintings) twice a week over a 16-week period. Neuropsychiatric tests, including Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), Cognitive Assessment Screening Instrument (CASI), clinical dementia rating (CDR), and neuropsychiatric inventory (NPI), were administered before and 1 year after MNPI. We demonstrated the changes of cognition and behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD) before and after MNPI. We compared the different effectiveness of cognition preservation between two groups.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In total, there were 43 participants in our study, including 18 with non-dementia and 25 with dementia. The non-dementia group had a significantly higher proportion of cognitive preservation in remote memory (100.0% vs 68.0%, <i>P</i> = .007), orientation (94.4% vs 48.0%, <i>P</i> = .001), drawing (94.4% vs 64.0%, <i>P</i> = .021) and language (77.8% vs 48.0%, <i>P</i> = .049) than the dementia group. The highest proportion of preserved cognition after MNPI was remote memory (100%), followed by orientation (94.4%) and drawing (94.4%) in the non-dementia group. The highest proportion of preserved cognition after MNPI was attention (72%) followed by remote memory (68%), recent memory (64%) and drawing (64%) in the dementia group. Overall, their improved rate in behavioral and psychological symptoms was 55.6%.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our study concluded the benefits of early MNPI in cognition preservation in the elderly, especially in the field of remote memory, orientation, drawing and language.</p>","PeriodicalId":93865,"journal":{"name":"American journal of Alzheimer's disease and other dementias","volume":"39 ","pages":"15333175241256803"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11135089/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141155922","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mediating Factors Associated With Physical Activity in Older Adults at Increased Dementia Risk.","authors":"Maria Isabel Cardona, Melanie Luppa, Andrea Zülke, Eric S Kroeber, Alexander Bauer, Juliane Döhring, Catharina Escales, Christian Brettschneider, Thomas Frese, Robert P Kosilek, Jochen Gensichen, Wolfgang Hoffmann, Hanna Kaduszkiewicz, Hans-Helmut König, Birgitt Wiese, Steffi G Riedel-Heller, Jochen René Thyrian","doi":"10.1177/15333175241257849","DOIUrl":"10.1177/15333175241257849","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>While regular physical-activity (PA) is beneficial, multimorbid individuals at increased dementia risk may exhibit reduced PA levels. Thus, a more comprehensive understanding of mediating factors responsible for inactivity in this population is needed. This study investigated the impact of a multimodal intervention on PA changes at 24-month follow-up and associated mediating factors among community-dwelling patients aged 60-77, with increased dementia risk determined by the CAIDE Dementia Risk Score. Of 1030 participants recruited, 819 completed the assessment. Thus, a generalized estimating equations model initially assessed differences in PA over 24 months, followed by a tree analysis identifying mediating factors influencing PA changes post-intervention. While no significant effect on regular PA was found during the follow-up (<i>P</i> = .674), subgroup analysis revealed improved self-efficacy (<i>P</i> = .000) associated with increased engagement in PA. Incorporating self-efficacy elements into future strategies is crucial for promoting PA among individuals with multimorbidity and at increased dementia risk.</p>","PeriodicalId":93865,"journal":{"name":"American journal of Alzheimer's disease and other dementias","volume":"39 ","pages":"15333175241257849"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11149443/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141201601","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Recruiting Persons With Dementia: A Systematic Review of Facilitators, Barriers, and Strategies.","authors":"Julian Hirt, Thomas Beer, Stefano Cavalli, Stefano Cereghetti, Elia R G Pusterla, Adelheid Zeller","doi":"10.1177/15333175241276443","DOIUrl":"10.1177/15333175241276443","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Study recruitment of persons with dementia is challenging. We aimed to assess facilitators, barriers, and strategies to identify and approach persons with dementia for recruitment to dementia care studies. We systematically searched MEDLINE/PubMed, CINAHL, Web of Science, and other sources (ORRCA [Online Resource for Research in Clinical triAls]; pertinent evidence syntheses; citation searching) and narratively summarised the results (PROSPERO CRD42022342600). Facilitators and barriers consisted of \"characteristics of participants, researchers, clinical contact persons\", \"study characteristics\", and \"communication with participants\". The highest number of participants were recruited by study information in electronic and print formats, as well as by networking and collaboration. Advertisements proved to be the most expensive way of recruitment. There is limited evidence on the impact of recruitment strategies to identify persons with dementia for recruitment to dementia care studies. Our analysis of facilitators and barriers may inform research teams in designing strategies to identify persons with dementia for recruitment purposes.</p>","PeriodicalId":93865,"journal":{"name":"American journal of Alzheimer's disease and other dementias","volume":"39 ","pages":"15333175241276443"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11322929/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141977448","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hearing Impairment and Cognitive Function: Mediating Role of Social Isolation and Depression.","authors":"Fan Wu, Chenxi Zhou","doi":"10.1177/15333175241227318","DOIUrl":"10.1177/15333175241227318","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>ObjectivesTo examine the relationship between hearing impairment and cognitive function and the mediating role of social isolation and depression. <b>Methods:</b> Data came from the 2018 China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study wave. A self-reported item, a composite index, the 10-item Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale, and the Mini-Mental State Exam were used to measure hearing impairment, social isolation, depression, and cognitive function, respectively. Mediation analysis was performed. <b>Results:</b> 6799 participants were included. For participants reporting mild hearing impairment and severe hearing impairment, there were significant direct and indirect effects on cognitive function. Social isolation mediated 2.75% and 6.33% of the relationship between mild hearing impairment, severe hearing impairment, and cognitive function, respectively. The direct effect of hearing impairment outweighed the mediation effect of social isolation on cognitive function. <b>Conclusions:</b> Decreased cognitive function linked to hearing impairment might benefit from addressing hearing impairment and social isolation in older adults.</p>","PeriodicalId":93865,"journal":{"name":"American journal of Alzheimer's disease and other dementias","volume":"39 ","pages":"15333175241227318"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10785707/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139418710","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An Integrative Review of the Feasibility and Effects of the Use of Location-Tracking Devices by Persons Living With Cognitive Impairment.","authors":"Jayeong Kim, Mina Hwang, Yeji Hwang","doi":"10.1177/15333175241264767","DOIUrl":"10.1177/15333175241264767","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study aimed to examine the effects of location-tracking devices on persons living with cognitive impairment, investigate facilitators of and barriers to using the devices, and provide future directions for the use of the devices.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>An integrative review was conducted using 5 databases: PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, CINAHL, and Scopus. From the 1429 initially identified studies, 10 were included in the review.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Location-tracking devices benefited persons living with cognitive impairment and their informal caregivers. The devices brought more independence to persons living with cognitive impairment, allowing them to go outside and feel safer there. Furthermore, the devices reduced the caregivers' worries about their loved ones being lost.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Location-tracking devices have the potential to increase independence in persons living with cognitive impairment and to decrease psychological stress in informal caregivers. In the future, ways to minimize the barriers to using location-tracking devices need to be determined.</p>","PeriodicalId":93865,"journal":{"name":"American journal of Alzheimer's disease and other dementias","volume":"39 ","pages":"15333175241264767"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11189016/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141428493","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Awareness of Dementia Care Amongst the Staff Working at Day-care Centers and Nursing Homes in Macao.","authors":"Sio Mui Wong, Wen Zeng, Iek Long Lo, Iek Hou Leong, Hong Lei Lou","doi":"10.1177/15333175241237027","DOIUrl":"10.1177/15333175241237027","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The staff working at day-care centers and nursing homes are in a key frontline for early detection of older people living with dementia, however, whether the staff were well prepared and if they were appropriately trained were still little known.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>A cross-sectional survey was conducted and the validated questionnaires exploring the awareness of dementia care, in terms of knowledge, attitude and preventive practice domain, were given to the staff working at day-care centers and nursing homes in Macao.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>272 samples were approached and scores of knowledge was 76.23 ± 19.62, attitude was 80.05 ± 8.92 and preventive practice was 75.59 ± 13.88, among which knowledge and preventive practice were positively related to attitude, and knowledge, attitude and preventive practice were negatively related to age. Health care assistants' knowledge were less than social workers, managers, health professionals and clerk. Attitude of health care assistants were less positive than social workers and health professionals.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>Health care assistants and older staff had less knowledge and less positive attitude. Trainings to improve knowledge, attitude and preventive practice amongst health care assistants and older staff were recommended strongly.</p>","PeriodicalId":93865,"journal":{"name":"American journal of Alzheimer's disease and other dementias","volume":"39 ","pages":"15333175241237027"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10913516/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140023643","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Adapted Home-Based Exercises in Dementia: An Exploratory Pre-post Pilot and Feasibility Study.","authors":"Sophie Carrard, Stephan Eyer, Roger Hilfiker, Anne-Gabrielle Mittaz Hager","doi":"10.1177/15333175241263741","DOIUrl":"10.1177/15333175241263741","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The goals of this exploratory pre-post pilot and feasibility study (NCT04916964) were to assess the feasibility and effectiveness of an adapted Test-and-Exercise home-based exercise program on basic functional mobility and executive functions in persons with prodromal or mild Alzheimer's disease. Participants followed an 8 week exercise program at home, once per week with a physiotherapist and twice per week with their usual caregiver or independently. Functional mobility and executive functions were assessed before and after the intervention. Feasibility criteria were recruitment opportunity, participation agreement rate, cost adequacy, and drop-out rate. Twelve participants aged 80.83 ± 4.65 years took part in the study. All the basic functional mobility measures showed small effect sizes. Concerning executive functions, 5 measures showed small to moderate effect sizes. The 4 feasibility criteria were met. A larger scale study would, however, need adaptations and prior research on the ability of this population to use touch-screen technology.</p>","PeriodicalId":93865,"journal":{"name":"American journal of Alzheimer's disease and other dementias","volume":"39 ","pages":"15333175241263741"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11185665/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141322170","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}