Energy nexus最新文献

{"title":"Enhancing pinto bean planting systems: A multi-objective genetic algorithm approach for evaluating energy efficiency and environmental impact","authors":"Reza Raeisi ,&nbsp;Mohammad Gholami Parashkoohi ,&nbsp;Hamed Afshari ,&nbsp;Ahmad Mohammadi","doi":"10.1016/j.nexus.2025.100492","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nexus.2025.100492","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Bean planting systems are vital in agriculture, especially since beans are a key food source worldwide. Optimizing these systems is essential to improve efficiency and lessen environmental impacts. A study compared flat and strip planting systems for pinto beans, focusing on energy inputs/outputs, environmental effects, and productivity. Energy consumption was measured in MJ ha^-1: the flat system used 20,067.12 MJ ha^-1, while the strip system used 18,171.76 MJ ha^-1, indicating the latter’s lower energy demand. In terms of output, the flat system produced 3000 kg per hectare (60,000 MJ ha^-1), whereas the strip system yielded 3500 kg (70,000 MJ ha^-1). This highlights that the strip system offers higher productivity with better energy efficiency. Cost analysis showed that producing a ton of pinto beans costs 180.36 USD2013 per ton in the flat system but only 140.31 USD2013 per ton in the strip system, making the latter more economical. Environmental assessments suggest that the strip system has fewer negative impacts on human health and ecosystems, as evidenced by metrics like DALYs and species diversity. Data indicates that the strip planting system consumes less energy overall while providing greater yields, resulting in superior efficiency and net energy gain. Based on these findings, shifting to strip planting could enhance sustainability, reduce resource use, and improve economic outcomes for growers. Overall, the study recommends adopting strip planting for more efficient, eco-friendly bean production.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":93548,"journal":{"name":"Energy nexus","volume":"19 ","pages":"Article 100492"},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144662948","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Performance improvement of vertically installed bifacial solar panels with adjustable reflectors optimized using the Taguchi method","authors":"Hao-Pei Yan ,&nbsp;Ting-Wei Liao ,&nbsp;Chien-Chun Hsieh ,&nbsp;Chao-Yang Huang ,&nbsp;Rei-Cheng Juang ,&nbsp;Chung-Feng Jeffrey Kuo","doi":"10.1016/j.nexus.2025.100496","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nexus.2025.100496","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;&lt;div&gt;The global deployment of bifacial photovoltaic (PV) modules has accelerated due to their ability to capture both direct and reflected sunlight, offering higher energy yields than traditional monofacial panels. However, their performance—especially in vertical installations—remains limited by suboptimal rear-side irradiance during early morning and late afternoon periods, and by fixed or semi-passive reflector configurations that fail to respond to dynamic environmental conditions such as changing solar altitude angles and wind exposure. Most existing systems use static reflectors or high-albedo surfaces, which cannot actively adapt to maximize sunlight collection throughout the day or across seasons. Moreover, in dense urban or rooftop environments common in East Asia, space constraints and wind load risks further complicate the deployment of large, fixed reflectors.To address these limitations, this study proposes a novel adjustable reflector system for bifacial PV modules. The system is capable of automatically modifying both tilt angle and effective length on an hourly basis, based on real-time solar altitude and wind speed data. This adaptive configuration enhances solar irradiance capture and ensures structural safety throughout daily and seasonal variations. To optimize the system’s operational parameters with minimal experimental cost, the Taguchi method is employed for experimental planning, including control factor selection and orthogonal array design, enabling the identification of key parameter interactions and performance trends. Reflector-induced irradiance enhancement is quantitatively evaluated using reflector theory, with solar radiation fields adjusted according to Taiwan’s Typical Meteorological Year 2 (TMY2) data. These parameters are analyzed using the TRNSYS simulation platform to estimate annual energy gains and system performance under realistic climatic conditions.Simulation and experimental results show that performance deviations remained within 0.3 %, demonstrating high predictive accuracy. The optimized configuration includes aluminum reflectors, front and rear reflector angles set to half the solar altitude angle, reflector surface areas larger than the module surface, and a module azimuth angle of 110°, which improved efficiency by approximately 11 % compared to standard bifacial PV systems and by 3.19 % over non-optimized reflector configurations. Annual simulations showed a total power output increase of 71.32 % compared to conventional monofacial modules. Furthermore, when compared to commonly installed rooftop and ground-mounted PV systems in Taiwan, the proposed system achieves an annual generation of 599 MJ/year—significantly surpassing the 350 MJ/year output of traditional installations—thereby confirming its practical feasibility. Structural robustness was validated through ANSYS simulations under typhoon-level wind speeds (55 m/s), confirming that the maximum stress remained below material yield s","PeriodicalId":93548,"journal":{"name":"Energy nexus","volume":"19 ","pages":"Article 100496"},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144670617","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Oman's energy transition roadmap to net zero 2050","authors":"Mohamed Amur Al-Shidhani ,&nbsp;Maan Hayyan","doi":"10.1016/j.nexus.2025.100493","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nexus.2025.100493","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The net zero target has been established due to the increased rate of greenhouse gas emissions, which has caused the global temperature to increase above historical levels prior to the pre-industrial revolution. Many countries and governments have therefore worked to create strategic plans for achieving net zero emissions by 2050 and 2060. Oman is one country to have announced its national determined contribution for the agreement. This paper describes the plan, strategy, and efforts that have been established for that target. The main aims were to compile the strategies and progress of energy transition in Oman and to study the alignment of the transition plan with the standard net zero goal. Oman has selected an orderly transition pathway, which meets all the net zero plan objectives to optimize long-term economic gain and environmental impact while achieving a carbon budget of 1760 MtCo₂ per annum. Different decarbonization plans are set for each sector, with remaining emissions to be addressed in last-mile reduction. The electricity sector has just started progress toward achieving 57 % reduction by 2040 and 99 % by 2050. Extending the net zero plan to cover all footprints and nexuses will elevate its scale, and is necessary to achieve the sustainable development goals. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first article dedicated to illuminating the energy transition toward Oman's net zero 2050 emissions plan.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":93548,"journal":{"name":"Energy nexus","volume":"19 ","pages":"Article 100493"},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144686563","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Harnessing Scenedesmus parvus and Coccomyxa dispar microalgae for lake water remediation and biofuel potential","authors":"Jebrel Abdeljawad Rashd ,&nbsp;Mohd Asyraf Kassim ,&nbsp;Akrm Mohamed Allzrag ,&nbsp;Faisal Aboelkasim Salem Allafi ,&nbsp;Marwan Abdulhakim Shaah ,&nbsp;Dani Wijaya ,&nbsp;Japareng Lalung","doi":"10.1016/j.nexus.2025.100497","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nexus.2025.100497","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Water pollution is a growing environmental concern that requires effective and sustainable treatment solutions. Microalgae have gained attention for their ability to remediate polluted water while simultaneously producing lipids that can be converted into biofuel. This study investigates the efficacy of <em>Scenedesmus parvus</em> and <em>Coccomyxa dispar</em> in improving raw lake water quality while assessing their potential as biofuel feedstocks through lipid and fatty acids. Both microalgae were cultivated in raw lake water, demonstrating significant pollutant reduction capabilities. <em>Scenedesmus parvus</em> chemical oxygen demand (COD) was reduced from 210 to 79 mg/L, and biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) decreased from 120 to 40 mg/L. Growth analysis revealed that <em>Scenedesmus parvus</em> achieved a higher optical density (OD) of 1 at day 12, indicating a faster proliferation rate compared to <em>Coccomyxa dispar</em>, which reached an OD of 0.4. Lipid extraction using the Soxhlet method identified 70 °C as the optimal temperature for maximum yield, with <em>Scenedesmus parvus</em> producing 24.0 % lipid content and <em>Coccomyxa dispar</em> producing 18 %. Fatty acid composition analysis showed that <em>Scenedesmus parvus</em> contained 40.2 % Palmitic (C16:0) and 22.1 % Oleic (C18:1), whereas <em>Coccomyxa dispar</em> contained 81.2 % Palmitic (C16:0). These findings highlight <em>Scenedesmus parvus</em> as a promising option for both lake water remediation and biodiesel production due to its advantageous fatty acid profile. For biodiesel, which benefits from a balance of saturated and unsaturated fatty acids, <em>Scenedesmus parvus</em> is preferable, while <em>Coccomyxa dispar</em> is better suited for applications requiring high thermal stability and oxidative resistance. These findings highlight the dual benefit of using indigenous microalgae for lakewater remediation and biofuel potential, offering a cost-effective and sustainable approach to water treatment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":93548,"journal":{"name":"Energy nexus","volume":"19 ","pages":"Article 100497"},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144666059","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Digital twin-driven sustainable energy life cycles: Technical review and Guidelines","authors":"Malek Kamal Hussien Rabaia ,&nbsp;Concetta Semeraro ,&nbsp;Bassel Soudan ,&nbsp;Tareq Samir Zaki Salameh ,&nbsp;Mohammad Ali Abdelkareem ,&nbsp;Abdul Ghani Olabi","doi":"10.1016/j.nexus.2025.100482","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nexus.2025.100482","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The increasing complexity and inefficiency of traditional energy systems make it difficult to meet the growing global demands for sustainability, resilience, and resource optimization. In response, Digital Twin (DT)-driven sustainable energy life cycles have emerged as a promising solution to address these interconnected challenges. The approaches of sustainability and its development are the most efficient long-term solution for a world where energy, water, food, and security are highly connected yet extremely challenging to provide. Throughout the years, the energy sectors have proved to be the holistic key to ultimately succeed in providing water, food, and security. The massive yet various adoptions and spread of global digitalization, industry 4.0 technologies, and industry 5.0 methodologies have developed Digital Twins (DTs) as an effective and innovative proposal for a sustainable energy life cycle. This work starts with a review-structured introduction, where it critically and comprehensively introduces, discusses, and explains the major concepts of Sustainable Energy and DT technologies, to effectively specify the related research gaps. The paper then takes the reader through the circular journey of energy as an observable entity in a sustainable structure that utilizes DT technology. It is the first paper to provide detailed design guidelines, recommendations, inspirational ideas, and desired DT services. It structures the internal discussions and comparisons within the DT’s literature in the scope of the energy’s renewable generation, sustainable storage, and advanced consumption. Additionally, multiple complex and innovative energy circulation technologies were introduced as strong factors towards sustainable energy life cycles and sectors. Various challenges were addressed regarding the implementation of DTs in the context of sustainable energy. Finally, this work provides a comprehensively detailed guide and an effective starting point for future projects and papers on the utilization of DTs towards sustainable energy life cycles.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":93548,"journal":{"name":"Energy nexus","volume":"19 ","pages":"Article 100482"},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144711958","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"From Methanol concentration to thermal performance: insight into Nafion/Lignosulfonate-Hydroxyapatite composite membranes for direct Methanol fuel cell","authors":"O.S.J. Elham ,&nbsp;S.K. Kamarudin ,&nbsp;N. Shaari ,&nbsp;A.M. Zainoodin ,&nbsp;S.H. Osman ,&nbsp;M.R. Yusof","doi":"10.1016/j.nexus.2025.100494","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nexus.2025.100494","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study evaluates the recast Nafion (rN)/lignosulfonate (LS)-hydroxyapatite (HAP) composite membranes in passive direct methanol fuel cell (DMFC) across range of methanol concentration and thermal operation. The rN/LS-HAP membrane developed by solution casting showed remarkable improvement compared to both the commercial N117 and recast rN117 membrane. The rN/LS-HAP membrane achieved a peak power density of 22.45 mW cm^‒2 at an optimal methanol concentration of 2 M due to its improved proton conductivity and minimised methanol crossover. Electrochemical evaluations, which included linear sweep voltammetry (LSV) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), showed a 46.85 % decrease in methanol permeability and improved charge transfer resistance compared to N117 membrane. In addition, the rN/LS-HAP membrane showed remarkable Faradaic efficiency (81.01 %) and energy efficiency (20.09 %) as well as turn over number (TON) 14.11 s^‒1. Durability test assessment was conducted over 96 h demonstrated remarkable stability, characterized by membrane thinning and ruthenium (Ru) crossover. These findings were corroborated through scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). Composite rN/LS-HAP membrane exhibited the highest power density of 29.82 mW cm^‒2 at 80 °C, surpassing that of N117. This superior performance can be attributed to the improved mass transport properties, the lower activation energy and the improved interfacial contact between the membrane and the electrodes. In summary, the rN/LS-HAP membrane exhibited outstanding promise as a proton exchange membrane for DMFC, offering superior performance, durability, and efficiency. These findings suggest its viability for large-scale applications in fuel cell technology, making it a promising solution for next-generation energy systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":93548,"journal":{"name":"Energy nexus","volume":"19 ","pages":"Article 100494"},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144679013","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Advancing sustainable water-energy solutions through a hybrid photovoltaic-thermal stepped solar still","authors":"Krish Hemantkumar Gandhi,&nbsp;Mihir Ashwinkumar Kelawala,&nbsp;Rajesh S,&nbsp;Chiranjeevi Chalasani","doi":"10.1016/j.nexus.2025.100466","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nexus.2025.100466","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The dual challenges of freshwater scarcity and increasing energy demand have intensified interest in sustainable, integrated solar desalination systems. Conventional solar stills (CSS) often exhibit low thermal efficiency and limited freshwater output, making them unsuitable for large-scale use. To address these limitations, this study presents a multidimensional advancement in sustainable water–energy systems through the development of a novel Photovoltaic-Thermal Stepped Solar Still (PVT-SSS) integrated with a bilateral serpentine flow design. The objective is to enhance thermal performance, increase freshwater production, and recover energy more efficiently from solar input. A dynamic, climate-responsive simulation model was developed using mass and energy balance equations, solved with a fourth-order Runge–Kutta (RK4) method to predict real-time thermal behavior under varying environmental conditions. A three-dimensional spatial optimization analysis was conducted to identify the optimal collector area<span><math><mrow><mspace></mspace><mo>(</mo><msub><mi>A</mi><mi>c</mi></msub><mo>)</mo><mspace></mspace></mrow></math></span>and saline water mass flow rate <span><math><mover><mrow><mo>(</mo><msub><mi>m</mi><mi>w</mi></msub><mo>)</mo></mrow><mi>˙</mi></mover></math></span>, enabling location-specific design scalability and improved operational efficiency. To evaluate the influence of mass flow rate on system performance, experiments were conducted at 0.3, 0.5, 0.75, and 1.0 LPM flow rates. At 0.3 LPM, the system achieved an annual freshwater yield of 1262.9 L/m²/year, showing improvements of 16.5 %, 40.65 %, and 77.43 % over those recorded at 0.5, 0.75, and 1.0 LPM. Experimental validation recorded a peak electrical output of 118.22 W, with electrical efficiency <span><math><mrow><mo>(</mo><msub><mi>η</mi><mrow><mi>e</mi><mi>l</mi></mrow></msub><mo>)</mo></mrow></math></span> ranging from 8.55 %–9.4 %, and thermal efficiency <span><math><mrow><mo>(</mo><msub><mi>η</mi><mrow><mi>t</mi><mi>h</mi></mrow></msub><mo>)</mo><mspace></mspace></mrow></math></span>ranging from 15 % to 35 %. Compared to existing systems, the proposed PVT-SSS system showed an average improvement of 26.23 % in thermal efficiency, 60.33 % in electrical efficiency, and 56.45 % in freshwater yield. The cost per liter (CPL) was $0.07, reflecting a 43.91 % reduction compared to other hybrid systems. Additionally, an enviroeconomic analysis was carried out at varying flow rates to assess the system's long-term viability. Overall, the PVT-SSS system demonstrates a scalable, energy-efficient, and environmentally friendly solution aligned with Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) 6 and 7.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":93548,"journal":{"name":"Energy nexus","volume":"19 ","pages":"Article 100466"},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144670572","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cost-optimal sizing of battery energy storage systems in microgrids using artificial Rabbits optimization","authors":"Riwa Q. Momani ,&nbsp;Ahmad Abuelrub ,&nbsp;Hussein M.K. Al-Masri ,&nbsp;Ali Q. Al-Shetwi","doi":"10.1016/j.nexus.2025.100486","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nexus.2025.100486","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper presents a cost-optimal sizing framework for Battery Energy Storage Systems (BESS) in grid-connected microgrids using the Artificial Rabbits Optimization (ARO) algorithm. The main objective is to minimize the total operational cost of the microgrid by optimally determining the size of the BESS under real-world constraints, including dynamic pricing, varying load, and renewable energy availability. The proposed model incorporates technical and economic considerations, including depth-of-discharge limits, initial battery state-of-charge (SOC), and different wind turbine models. Three operational scenarios are evaluated: without BESS (Case A), and with BESS initialized at 20 %, and 100 % SOC (Cases B, and C). ARO is benchmarked against Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO), Artificial Bee Colony (ABC), and Firefly Algorithm (FA). For example, in Case C, ARO achieved the lowest operational cost of $778.81/day, compared to $793.86/day of PSO, $901.78/day of ABC, and $786.18/day of FA​. Additionally, in Case A, where no BESS is included, the total cost was $1069.10/day, while the introduction of optimally sized BESS in Case C reduced the cost to $778.81/day, demonstrating a significant economic benefit. Sensitivity analysis further confirms the robustness of the approach to changes in PV and WT generation, load demand, and battery efficiency. The results validate the effectiveness and computational efficiency of ARO for realistic and flexible microgrid energy management.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":93548,"journal":{"name":"Energy nexus","volume":"19 ","pages":"Article 100486"},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144670608","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optical performance analysis of small-scale heliostats field layout of solar power tower system in Malaysia","authors":"Zeshan Aslam,&nbsp;Syed Ihtsham Ul-Haq Gilani,&nbsp;Taib Iskandar Mohamad,&nbsp;Masdi Muhammad,&nbsp;Kehinde Temitope Alao","doi":"10.1016/j.nexus.2025.100489","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nexus.2025.100489","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Solar power tower (SPT) systems are one of the promising technologies for concentrated solar energy collection efficiently. This study presents the optical performance study of a small-scale heliostat field layout developed at Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, Malaysia. Ray-tracing simulations via Tonatiuh software were conducted to analyze the receiver's solar concentration. MATLAB was employed to quantify the optical losses due to cosine loss, shading, blocking, spillage, and reflectivity. The simulation results showed a very good agreement between Tonatiuh and MATLAB with a maximum deviation of 7 %. The power concentration was maximum between 11 AM and 3 PM, with the peak at 1 PM. The heliostat that was due north of the tower had the highest cosine efficiency and power. The optical efficiency of the system varied throughout the year and was at its maximum of 60.94 % in December. The results show the effect of heliostat field configuration and optical loss management on field performance and provide insights for small-scale SPT field optimization under equatorial conditions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":93548,"journal":{"name":"Energy nexus","volume":"19 ","pages":"Article 100489"},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144657005","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Agricultural energy transition pathways: Differential impacts of fine and coarse cereals on GHG emissions in India","authors":"Smily Thakur ,&nbsp;Baljinder Kaur Sidana ,&nbsp;Sunny Kumar ,&nbsp;Ramandeep Kumar Sharma ,&nbsp;Meetpal Singh Kukal ,&nbsp;Samanpreet Kaur ,&nbsp;Asim Biswas","doi":"10.1016/j.nexus.2025.100484","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nexus.2025.100484","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Understanding how agricultural energy use and cereal production choices—particularly between fine and coarse cereals—shape greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions is crucial for designing effective mitigation strategies in light of agriculture’s major contribution to national emissions and growing climate-induced productivity concerns. This study investigates the dynamic relationships between these factors in India using an Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) model on data spanning 1975–2019. Pre-analysis (Unit root, an ideal lag length, and co-integration testing) and post-analysis (serial correlation, heteroscedasticity, and recursive residuals) assumptions for ARDL model estimation were tested which came aligned with the research questions. The model robustness statistical diagnostic tests CUSUM (cumulative sum), CUSUMSQ (cumulative sum of squares), and variance decomposition testing were carried out and found to be satisfactory. The study aimed to provide comprehensive analysis of how different cereal types i.e. fine versus coarse cereals influence agricultural energy-emissions relationship and their long run effects on agricultural production-emission scenario of India. Our analysis reveals significant differences in the emissions impacts of different cereal types: while rice and wheat production contribute positively to emissions in the short run (0.06 % and 0.01 % respectively), coarse cereals demonstrate a substantial negative impact (−2.08 %) in the long run. The energy-emissions relationship shows increasing coupling over time, with elasticity rising from 0.02 % in the short run to 1.06 % in the long run. Variance decomposition analysis identifies rice production as the dominant contributor to emissions variability, accounting for 34.43 % of future fluctuations. These findings suggest that strategic crop diversification, particularly increased cultivation of coarse cereals, could significantly reduce agricultural emissions while maintaining food security. The study recommends a three-pronged approach i.e., investing in energy-efficient agricultural technologies, developing policy frameworks to incentivize coarse cereal adoption, and strengthening institutional mechanisms for technology transfer. These insights contribute to the development of targeted policies for sustainable agricultural energy transition in India.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":93548,"journal":{"name":"Energy nexus","volume":"19 ","pages":"Article 100484"},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144657012","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}