Energy nexus最新文献

{"title":"Challenges and potential of layered double hydroxides as electrocatalytic materials for hydrogen production from water: A review of recent advances and applications","authors":"Adriana Margarita Tucker-Quiñónez ,&nbsp;Bryan Fernando Rivadeneira-Mendoza ,&nbsp;Mayra Lissette Gorozabel-Mendoza ,&nbsp;Iris B. Pérez-Almeida ,&nbsp;Alejandro Josué García-Guerrero ,&nbsp;Alex Alberto Dueñas-Rivadeneira ,&nbsp;Krishna Kumar Yadav ,&nbsp;Luis Angel Zambrano-Intriago ,&nbsp;Joan Manuel Rodríguez-Díaz","doi":"10.1016/j.nexus.2025.100399","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nexus.2025.100399","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The integration of layered double hydroxides (LDHs) into hybrid catalysts markedly enhances the efficiency of overall water splitting, thereby advancing the potential for large-scale hydrogen production. This review elucidates the advantages of combining LDHs with various materials, including metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), MXenes, and carbonaceous substrates, to augment electrical conductivity and catalytic activity, particularly in the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) and hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). Recent investigations have demonstrated the efficacy of LDH-based materials in catalyzing water-splitting reactions, underscoring their role in energy production. The unique properties of LDHs, characterized by a two-dimensional layered structure and exceptional physicochemical characteristics, render them suitable candidates for such applications. Moreover, this review discusses innovative design strategies for LDHs, encompassing nanostructuring, hybridization with conductive materials, partial cation substitution, interlayer anion exchange, and vacancy creation. Variations in metal composition within LDHs are also examined to elucidate their impact on OER and HER performances. Through a comprehensive analysis of the promising applications of LDHs as catalysts for hydrogen production, this article highlights significant advancements and delineates critical areas for future research, thereby contributing to the ongoing discourse in the field of electrocatalysis.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":93548,"journal":{"name":"Energy nexus","volume":"17 ","pages":"Article 100399"},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143437343","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Using solar energy for irrigation in large water distribution networks: A benchmark study about six irrigation systems in the south of Spain","authors":"Maaike van de Loo,&nbsp;Emilio Camacho Poyato,&nbsp;Juan Antonio Rodríguez Díaz","doi":"10.1016/j.nexus.2025.100386","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nexus.2025.100386","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Increased energy requirements and rising energy costs have led to a growing adoption of solar energy in large irrigation systems, especially in southern Spain. This benchmark study evaluates six large-scale irrigation systems, assessing solar energy integration and its interplay with agricultural water management practices. Results indicate that while the ratio of solar energy to total energy consumption ranges from 0.40 to 0.57 across systems with large solar plants of several MWs, full solar energy utilization remains constrained due to the 24-h on-demand irrigation schedules, necessitating reliance on conventional energy during non-solar hours. Despite reductions in energy consumption, in most systems energy costs rose significantly, with increases between 15 % and 302 %, driven by global market fluctuations. Selling excess solar energy presents a potential economic relief, yet regulatory restrictions often inhibit this practice. Even when feasible, profitability is challenged by dynamic energy prices. The study highlights the need for innovative solutions, including energy storage technologies like batteries and pumped hydropower, and systemic scheduling adjustments to enhance solar energy use. Broader adoption of technologies such as floating solar panels and certifications like ECO20 could further support energy sovereignty and sustainability. This research underscores the challenges and opportunities in optimizing solar energy for irrigation, offering valuable insights for system managers and policymakers navigating the transition to renewable energy in agriculture.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":93548,"journal":{"name":"Energy nexus","volume":"17 ","pages":"Article 100386"},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143420714","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Advancements in zinc-air battery technology and water-splitting","authors":"Rouba D. Al Bostami ,&nbsp;Amani Al Othman ,&nbsp;Muhammad Tawalbeh ,&nbsp;Abdul Ghani Olabi","doi":"10.1016/j.nexus.2025.100387","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nexus.2025.100387","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Zinc-air batteries (ZABs) are gaining significant attention as promising energy storage solutions due to their high energy density, affordability, abundance, and sustainability. Rechargeable zinc-air batteries (<em>Re</em>-ZABs) emerged as a viable alternative for consumer electronics and electric vehicles, offering extended operational life and improved safety features. Recent advancements in <em>Re</em>-ZAB technology have been focusing on enhancing key components, such as air cathodes, zinc (Zn) anodes, and gas diffusion membranes, to improve energy storage capacity and battery lifespan. However, widespread commercial adoption remains hindered by persistent challenges, including dendrite formation, Zn anode passivation, corrosion, and limited charge-discharge cycles. Additionally, the slow kinetics of oxygen electrochemical reactions (oxygen reduction reaction (ORR), oxygen evolution reaction (OER), and hydrogen evolution reaction (HER)), and the interaction of oxygen with battery components present significant technical barriers. The development of durable and efficient oxygen electrocatalysts is essential for advancing <em>Re</em>-ZABs and related energy conversion technologies, such as fuel cells and water-splitting systems. This review provides a comprehensive overview of ZAB fundamentals, covering the transition from primary ZABs (Pr-ZABs) to rechargeable systems, alongside strategies to enhance battery efficiency and rechargeability. Particular attention is given to addressing Zn anode challenges, improving air cathodes, and evaluating the latest progress in unifunctional, bifunctional, and trifunctional electrocatalysts, including noble metal, transition metal, metal-organic framework (MOF)-based, and carbon-based materials. Finally, future research directions and potential advancements in <em>Re</em>-ZAB technology are explored, emphasizing their role in sustainable energy solutions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":93548,"journal":{"name":"Energy nexus","volume":"17 ","pages":"Article 100387"},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143394908","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Compatibility analysis of novel inorganic cesium perovskites with emerging charge transport layers through design optimization","authors":"Anas Ahmad ,&nbsp;Shayan Tariq Jan ,&nbsp;Haseeb Ahmad Khan ,&nbsp;Muhammad Sheraz ,&nbsp;Wajahat Ullah Khan Tareen ,&nbsp;Teong Chee Chuah ,&nbsp;It Ee Lee ,&nbsp;Haider Ali","doi":"10.1016/j.nexus.2025.100400","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nexus.2025.100400","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The widely used Methylammonium lead iodide perovskite face stability challenges due to the organic methylammonium component, which degrades under environmental factors like moisture and heat, leading to toxic lead leakage, poisoning the surroundings. This study analyzes the compatibility of alternative inorganic, nontoxic, cesium-based planar (n-i-p) perovskite solar cells (PSCs), specifically Cs₃Bi₂I₉ and CsSnI₃, with various charge transport layers (CTLs) to enhance power conversion efficiency (PCE). A total of eight PSC configurations were simulated using SCAPS-1D software, with the selected CTLs including GO, MoS₂, CeO₂ and WO₃. The initial optimization step involved adjusting the absorber thickness, leading to enhanced photon absorption and increased PCE across all configurations. Further optimization of CTL doping, carrier mobility, and electron affinity improved band alignment, electric potential distribution, and cell conductivity. These optimizations reduced recombination losses and enhanced charge carrier extraction. A second round of absorber thickness optimization was then performed, accounting for the changes induced by the previous steps. As a result, the PCE improved significantly, with the highest efficiency reaching 21.52% in the GO/CsSnI₃/CeO₂ structure. Other optimized configurations, such as GO/CsSnI₃/WO₃ and MoS₂/CsSnI₃/WO₃, achieved PCE values of 21.4% and 15.64%, respectively. This multi-step optimization demonstrates that cesium-based perovskites, when combined with properly tuned CTLs, can achieve high efficiencies, positioning them as promising materials for the next generation of photovoltaics.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":93548,"journal":{"name":"Energy nexus","volume":"17 ","pages":"Article 100400"},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143403194","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Circular economy in the renewable energy sector: A review of growth trends, gaps and future directions","authors":"Abdinasir Ahmed Abdirahman ,&nbsp;Muhammad Asif ,&nbsp;Osama Mohsen","doi":"10.1016/j.nexus.2025.100395","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nexus.2025.100395","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study provides a comprehensive scientometric analysis of global research trends at the intersection of Circular Economy (CE) and Renewable Energy (RE) from 2014 to 2024, addressing the critical need for a systematic understanding of this rapidly expanding field. Using VOSviewer and Scopus data, it maps the intellectual landscape of CE and RE research, identifying key trends, influential authors, and collaborative networks. The findings reveal exponential growth in publications, particularly post-2018, driven by global sustainability initiatives like the United Nations' Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and the Paris Agreement. While traditional RE technologies such as solar and wind dominate research outputs, emerging areas like green hydrogen and the circular bioeconomy remain underexplored, presenting substantial opportunities for future research. Major themes identified include sustainability performance, resource recovery, energy efficiency, and policy frameworks, reflecting the field's interdisciplinary nature. Geographic analysis reveals significant disparities, with over 70 % of research originating from developed countries like United Kingdom, Spain, USA and Italy, while contributions from developing regions such as Africa and South America remain minimal. This imbalance highlights the need for targeted investments in research and development, alongside international collaborations to address capacity gaps and ensure inclusive global participation. Integrating emerging digital technologies such as AI, blockchain, and IoT, along with exploring the socio-economic impacts of CE and RE transitions, are critical for advancing sustainability efforts. Policymakers must prioritize tailored regulatory frameworks and financial mechanisms, particularly in low-income countries, to drive equitable adoption of circular economy principles and bridge the existing disparities.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":93548,"journal":{"name":"Energy nexus","volume":"17 ","pages":"Article 100395"},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143428231","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Thermo-economic optimization of a hybrid solar-wind energy system for the production of clean hydrogen and electricity","authors":"Ali Bedakhanian ,&nbsp;Akbar Maleki ,&nbsp;Siavash Haghighat","doi":"10.1016/j.nexus.2025.100378","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nexus.2025.100378","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>With the increasing warming of the atmosphere and the growth of energy consumption in the world, new methods and highly efficient energy systems take precedence over conventional methods. This study concentrates on the proposition and techno-economical investigation of a hybrid wind-solar energy system encompassing flat plate solar collector for the purpose of clean hydrogen and electricity generation. The proposed system is a combination of flat plate solar collectors, wind turbine, organic Rankine cycle, and proton exchange membrane electrolyser. Wind speed, turbine inlet temperature, incident solar irradiation, and collector-related parameters including its surface area and fluid mass flow rate are selected decision variables, the impacts of which on the exergy efficiency and exergy loss of the scheme are examined. The objective functions included total cost rate and total exergy efficiency. The Nelder-Mead optimization method and EES software were utilized to achieve the mentioned goals, followed by a comparative case study was conducted for two cities with high potential in Iran. According to the optimization results, the exergy efficiency of 13.35 % was achieved while the cost rate was equal to $25.48 per hour, respectively. According to the sensitivity analysis, the increment in the solar collector area, incident solar irradiation, wind speed, and turbine inlet temperature improved the system's technical performance. Furthermore, the exergy loss analysis pointed out that the increment in the turbine inlet temperature, not only improves the system's performance, but also reduces the exergy loss. A comparison of the electricity production in Semnan and Isfahan showed that 1192613.4 and 1188897.6 of electricity were produced in the two cities in one year, respectively. The city of Semnan with the production of 2762.86 kg/h of hydrogen presented better system performance compared to the city of Isfahan with 2757.004 kg/h of hydrogen.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":93548,"journal":{"name":"Energy nexus","volume":"17 ","pages":"Article 100378"},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143444929","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Role of mineral resource rents, renewable energy, and energy efficiency toward carbon neutrality in China","authors":"Asif Raihan ,&nbsp;Grzegorz Zimon ,&nbsp;Mohammad Ridwan ,&nbsp;Md Masudur Rahman ,&nbsp;Mahdi Salehi","doi":"10.1016/j.nexus.2025.100394","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nexus.2025.100394","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Environmental degradation has made climate change and global warming major global issues. Countries worldwide have set targets to reduce carbon emissions. Transitioning to clean energy, responsible resource extraction, and improving energy utilization are critical for preserving the ecosystem and reducing greenhouse gases. This study analyzes China's carbon emissions from 1990 to 2021, including factors like mineral resource extraction, economic growth, renewable energy use, and energy efficiency advancements. The paper uses advanced econometric methods including unit root testing, long-run cointegration analysis using the Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) framework, and empirical analysis with the Dynamic Ordinary Least Squares Estimator (DOLS). The results indicate that extraction of natural resources, upgrades in energy efficiency, and utilization of clean energy sources have an adverse link with carbon emissions, thereby emphasizing the positive effects on the environment. Conversely, there is an encouraging connection between economic growth and carbon emissions. These findings emphasize the importance of allocating resources toward renewable energy technologies to promote eco-friendly production and maximize mineral resource utilization. In order to effectively address global warming, policymakers and practitioners must prioritize the allocation of funds to the creation of green and alternative energy sources, the improvement of energy effectiveness, and the optimization of resource utilization.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":93548,"journal":{"name":"Energy nexus","volume":"17 ","pages":"Article 100394"},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143387123","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The non-linear impact of digital trade development on carbon emissions: Evidence from Chinese cities","authors":"Xiangxiang Zhou ,&nbsp;Hui Guo","doi":"10.1016/j.nexus.2025.100390","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nexus.2025.100390","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The development of digital trade has emerged as a significant driver of global carbon reduction. Based on panel data from 257 Chinese cities between 2013 and 2019, this paper investigates the relationship between the development of urban digital trade and carbon emissions in depth. The analysis reveals an inverted U-shaped relationship between digital trade and carbon emissions: during the early stages of digital trade development, carbon emissions increase, but after reaching a certain threshold, carbon emissions gradually decline. This conclusion remains robust following endogeneity tests. Further examination indicates that the market integration plays a dynamic moderating role in this relationship: a higher market integration flattens the inverted U-shaped curve and shifts the inflection point to the left, meaning that the positive impact of digital trade on carbon emission reduction occurs at an earlier stage. Additionally, the study highlights that varying levels of industrial structure, green innovation, and digital infrastructure exert heterogeneous effects on the inverted U-shaped relationship. Specifically, cities with higher levels of industrial structure, green innovation, and digital infrastructure tend to enter the carbon emission reduction phase earlier. These findings provide important insights for policymakers seeking to balance the growth of digital trade with environmental sustainability, especially in the context of tailoring differentiated policies according to the unique environmental conditions of different cities, thereby promoting the synergistic development of digital trade and carbon reduction.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":93548,"journal":{"name":"Energy nexus","volume":"17 ","pages":"Article 100390"},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143394904","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Storage solutions for renewable energy: A review","authors":"Eduard Enasel,&nbsp;Gheorghe Dumitrascu","doi":"10.1016/j.nexus.2025.100391","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nexus.2025.100391","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This review investigates the integration of renewable energy systems with diverse energy storage technologies to enhance reliability and sustainability. Key findings include the high energy density and scalability of lithium-ion and flow batteries, which are crucial for grid-scale applications, despite challenges in cost and raw material availability. Electrical storage methods, such as supercapacitors, provide rapid response capabilities but are limited by low energy density. Mechanical systems, including pumped hydro and compressed air storage, excel in large-scale scenarios but face geographical constraints. Emerging chemical storage technologies, including hydrogen and synthetic natural gas, offer long-term solutions but require advancements in efficiency. Thermal storage systems, such as molten salt and latent heat storage, show significant potential for renewable integration in heating and cooling, although material costs remain a barrier. The integration of hybrid systems demonstrates improved reliability and efficiency, highlighting the necessity of combining technologies to address the intermittent nature of renewable energy. Overall, the findings underscore advancements, challenges, and future research directions required for scalable and sustainable energy storage solutions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":93548,"journal":{"name":"Energy nexus","volume":"17 ","pages":"Article 100391"},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143437344","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Modeling current and future run-off and soil erosion dynamics in Eastern Mediterranean ecosystems using the WEPP model","authors":"Safwan Mohammed","doi":"10.1016/j.nexus.2025.100375","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nexus.2025.100375","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Run-off (RF) and soil erosion (SE) have a negative impact on the environmental system, with both on-site and off-site effects. This research aimed to evaluate the performance of the Water Erosion Prediction Project (WEPP) model in predicting SE and RF across four locations representing three ecosystems: agricultural land (location-KS at 8 % slope, location-MN at 20 % slope), forest (location-AINF at 35 % slope), and burned forest (location-AINBF at 35 % slope). It also predicts the future responses of the studied ecosystems to SE and RF for the upcoming 20 years. The study was conducted in the eastern Mediterranean from 2019 to 2038, 2019 served as the reference year to compare WEPP model output with measured values at the studied locations. Model performance indicators showed the applicability of WEPP model in predicting SE (model efficiency (NSE) =0.67, coefficient of determination (R²) =0.97), RF (NSE=0.66, R²=0.78). Future projections revealed that the agricultural ecosystem exceeded others in terms of SE and RF. However, annual RF can be ranked as follows: KS (234.7mm±75.6)&gt; MN (141.1mm±50.2)&gt; AINF (145.4mm±47.4) &gt; AINBF (100.3mm±49.2). Similarly, SE can be classified as: KS (2.38 kg/m² ±1.36)&gt; AINF (0.45 kg/m² ±0.17) &gt; MN (0.31 kg/m² ±0.11)&gt; AINBF (0.24 kg/m² ±0.15). However, monthly results of SE and RF were more intense in the KS location and less pronounced in the rest of the ecosystems. An analysis of associated factors, namely, soil water content (θ, %), and soil water hydraulic conductivity (K_sw, mm/hr), revealed the lowest θ values occurred during the summer season (June to August), reaching 46.3 %, 50.3 %, 46.2 %, and 49.2 %, for KS, MN, AINF, and AINBF, respectively. Conversely, the highest K_sw was forecasted in summer, ranging from 3.3 to 6.3 mm/hr. This research promotes utilizing the WEEP model as a sustainable tool for ecosystem management in the eastern Mediterranean, aiding decision-makers in rehabilitation planning.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":93548,"journal":{"name":"Energy nexus","volume":"17 ","pages":"Article 100375"},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143420718","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}