Energy nexus最新文献

{"title":"Unlocking the potential of unregulated rooftops for solar PV on residential buildings: Identifying and addressing key challenges","authors":"M. Asif ,&nbsp;R. Sharieff ,&nbsp;M. Olawale ,&nbsp;M. Imran Khan","doi":"10.1016/j.nexus.2025.100447","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nexus.2025.100447","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Buildings represent one of the largest energy-consuming sectors globally, accounting for over one-third of final energy use and carbon emissions, underlining the urgent need to transition this sector towards sustainability. Integrating solar PV onto building rooftops offers immense potential to meet onsite electricity needs from clean, renewable sources while alleviating grid dependence. However, the availability of rooftops for PV panel installation varies significantly, with architectural, structural, and service-related features posing significant barriers to widespread PV adoption, especially in the Middle East. This study examines the restrictive impact of these obstacles and explores potential solutions to optimize rooftop utilization for PV deployment. Comprehensive audits of 30 residential buildings first identified prevalent obstructive features on rooftops, including parapet walls, stairwells, water tanks, AC units, and service equipment. Detailed 3D modeling of a representative apartment block with similar hurdles revealed an extremely low roof utilization factor of just 28 % available for PV installation in the base case. To address this underutilization, the study examines three distinct rooftop optimization scenarios: rearranging movable obstructions (Case B); lowering parapet wall height (Case C); and constructing an elevated PV canopy or “fly-roof” over existing obstructions (Case D). Advanced building-integrated PV simulations demonstrate progressively higher energy yields from the rooftop interventions, with the fly-roof maximizing utilization and annual generation. However, a multi-criteria assessment incorporating technical, economic, regulatory and social perspectives revealed that pragmatically rearranging rooftop obstructions (Case B) was the most preferred solution with a score of 0.311, followed by Case C (0.262) and Case D (0.190). These findings provide valuable insights for optimizing rooftop PV applications in regions facing similar challenges. The study contributes to advancing scientific understanding of rooftop PV optimization strategies and offers actionable recommendations for policymakers, building designers, and PV professionals to accelerate the deployment of distributed solar energy systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":93548,"journal":{"name":"Energy nexus","volume":"18 ","pages":"Article 100447"},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144154852","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Refining hybrid energy systems: elevating PV sustainability, cutting emissions, and maximizing battery cost efficiency in remote areas","authors":"Alireza Soleimani ,&nbsp;Parsa Roghanian ,&nbsp;Mehran Heidari ,&nbsp;Mehrdad Heidari ,&nbsp;Anna Pinnarelli ,&nbsp;Pasquale Vizza ,&nbsp;Meisam Mahdavi ,&nbsp;Seyedeh Fatemeh Mousavi","doi":"10.1016/j.nexus.2025.100452","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nexus.2025.100452","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Energy storage devices are necessary for a Hybrid Renewable Energy System (HRES) because of the varying power output of solar photovoltaic (PV) modules caused by fluctuating sunshine intensity. Since they guarantee a steady and dependable flow of electricity across the grid, batteries play a crucial role in stabilizing the energy supply. The technical, financial, and environmental advantages of combining batteries with PV systems are highlighted in this paper. These advantages include less CO₂ emissions, improved energy stability, and cheaper grid operating costs. Proper placement, sizing, and design of PV units can maximize these advantages, promoting sustainable energy production compared to traditional renewable energy sources (RES). The paper also evaluates the progress in PV and battery technologies, alongside the challenges of integrating them with grid systems in electric power networks, emphasizing their critical role in reducing environmental impacts and advancing energy sustainability. The study further investigated 11 HRES configurations using HOMER Pro to analyze cost optimization, energy distribution, and renewable energy integration. Cases 1 to 4 relied solely on grid power, delivering stable electricity with zero unmet loads but emitting 2593 to 2599 kg of CO₂ annually, with renewable fractions (RF) below 0.3 %. Adding PV systems and batteries in Cases 5 to 8 reduced emissions to 2441 kg/year and increased RF to 6.1 %, but operational and replacement costs raised the Net Present Cost (NPC). Off-grid configurations (Cases 9 to 11) achieved 100 % renewable energy, eliminated CO₂ emissions, and significantly improved energy efficiency (EE). However, these configurations incurred higher NPC and operational costs due to increased reliance on PV systems and batteries. The findings highlight the need to advance hybrid renewable energy systems while striking a balance between economic viability and environmental sustainability.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":93548,"journal":{"name":"Energy nexus","volume":"18 ","pages":"Article 100452"},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144170466","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Conceptual design and thermodynamic investigation of novel energy and fuel generation systems from municipal waste coupled with carbon capture and storage","authors":"Qurrotin Ayunina Maulida Okta Arifianti ,&nbsp;Stavros Michailos ,&nbsp;Maria Fernanda Rojas Michaga ,&nbsp;Karim Rabea ,&nbsp;Kevin J Hughes ,&nbsp;Lin Ma ,&nbsp;Derek Ingham ,&nbsp;Mohamed Pourkashanian","doi":"10.1016/j.nexus.2025.100460","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nexus.2025.100460","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Waste generation and energy demand are increasing and both require innovative energy symbiosis strategies to meet climate targets. Traditional waste-to-energy processes rely on incineration, but more efficient and sustainable solutions are needed. The aim of the study is to investigate for the first time the feasibility of generating cooling, heating, power (CCHP), and liquid biomethane from plastics and food waste integrated with carbon capture and storage (CCS). The system, modelled in Aspen Plus, consists of a plasma gasifier (PG), anaerobic digester (AD), combined cycle gas turbine (CCGT), absorption refrigeration cooler (ARC), and biomethane liquefier. Two scenarios were analyzed: (1) a standalone CCHP system and (2) its integration with liquid biomethane production. Each scenario includes a baseline (without CCS), pre-combustion CCS, and post-combustion CCS, both with a 95% CO₂ capture fraction. Utilising 5 kg/s of plastic and 13.97 kg/s of food waste, the system generates net power (29.76–85.67 MW), cooling (2.72–4.04 MW), heating (13.99–27.87 MW), and 43.26 MW of liquid biomethane. The highest energy and exergy efficiencies achieved are 49.44% and 41.20%, with carbon emissions ranging from 0.008 to 0.247 kgCO₂/kg waste. The findings of this novel study highlight the potential of integrating several energy systems for an effective waste management strategy that can contribute to the provision of several energy vectors while the inclusion of CCS ensures that significant emission reduction can be attained.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":93548,"journal":{"name":"Energy nexus","volume":"18 ","pages":"Article 100460"},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144139138","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Energy, water and food nexus in the west region of Cameroon: Case of the Tchouadeng watershed","authors":"Nasse Fetio Ngoune ,&nbsp;Boris Merlain Kanouo Djousse ,&nbsp;Grisseur Henri Djoukeng ,&nbsp;Sibelle Tsague Mouafo ,&nbsp;Arthur L Tagny Tapa ,&nbsp;Jospin Gouana Tedongmo ,&nbsp;Junior GB Khenzo ,&nbsp;Martin Tchoffo","doi":"10.1016/j.nexus.2025.100451","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nexus.2025.100451","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This article examines the interactions between water, energy, and food in the Tchouadeng watershed. The relationships among these elements, as well as the management of the micro-hydropower plant in this watershed, were assessed using survey sheets, exploratory interviews, and a literature review. The results reveal that the water resources in this watershed are utilized for drinking water, crop irrigation, and hydroelectricity production. Among farmers in the Tchouadeng watershed, 19.99% irrigate vegetable crops, with 85.71% using a gravity-fed irrigation system with local sprinklers and 14.29% using a furrow irrigation system with a motor pump. Monoculture crops have a water productivity ranging from 1.02-2.96 USD/m³, 0.60 and 0.62 USD/m³, respectively for tomatoes, cabbage, and potatoes. Conversely, mixed crops have a productivity of 2.00 and 2.93 USD/m³, respectively for tomato-cabbage-potato and tomato-cabbage-potato-black nightshade combinations. Mixed cropping (28.57%) optimizes water usage. The electricity generated in Tchouadeng is used to power 92 households, yet approximately 95% of subscribers are dissatisfied due to frequent voltage fluctuations. During drought periods, local residents and micro-hydropower plant managers face conflicts over water extraction from the mini reservoir dam. These conflicts are typically managed amicably or by village authorities. There is currently no organization responsible for managing water, energy, and food in the area. It is imperative to coordinate these various sectors to ensure effective management and demonstrate the benefits of an integrated approach to water, energy, and food.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":93548,"journal":{"name":"Energy nexus","volume":"18 ","pages":"Article 100451"},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144139137","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Carbon footprint of coffee production: the case study of Indian Robusta coffee","authors":"Sandra P. Iglesias ,&nbsp;Paraskevi Karka ,&nbsp;John A. Posada ,&nbsp;Ralph E.F. Lindeboom ,&nbsp;Machteld van den Broek ,&nbsp;Girigan Gopi ,&nbsp;Manju Mathew ,&nbsp;TD John ,&nbsp;Vipin Champatan ,&nbsp;P.V. Aravind","doi":"10.1016/j.nexus.2025.100456","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nexus.2025.100456","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Coffee processing encompasses the conversion of coffee cherries into marketable products, including the removal of outer layers to produce green coffee and, in extended chains, their roasting into roasted coffee, and grinding into ground coffee. Calculating the carbon footprint (CF) in coffee processing is crucial for identifying and mitigating key sources of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. Utilizing the Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) methodology, the current study quantifies the CF associated with Robusta dry coffee processing by collecting primary data through interviews with coffee producers and visits to coffee processing units, roasting, and grinding facilities in Wayanad, India. The study identifies GHG emission hotspots across two scenarios. Scenario A includes transportation of dried coffee beans from farm to coffee processing unit, green coffee production, packaging, roasting, and grinding at a local unit, while Scenario B covers local transportation of green coffee beans from India to The Netherlands, green coffee production, packaging, and its transportation from India to The Netherlands. Cultivation and harvesting of coffee cherries, consumer-level preparation and use, and disposal of coffee products are outside the scope of this study. The functional unit is defined as 1 kg of green coffee for both scenarios. Findings show that the CF equals 0.62 and 0.38 kg CO_2eq per kg of green coffee for scenarios A and B, respectively. Roasting (78 % of CF), and sea transportation (66 % of CF) emerged as the main hotspots of GHG emissions for scenario A, and scenario B, respectively.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":93548,"journal":{"name":"Energy nexus","volume":"18 ","pages":"Article 100456"},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144116364","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Powering renewable hydrogen production with alternative water sources: Is it economically feasible?","authors":"Sergi Vinardell ,&nbsp;Jose Luis Cortina ,&nbsp;César Valderrama","doi":"10.1016/j.nexus.2025.100457","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nexus.2025.100457","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Limited access to freshwater is a barrier to implement water electrolysis processes regardless of the availability of renewable energy sources. The present work aims to evaluate the economic potential of green hydrogen production using high-quality water produced from alternative water sources. Specifically, the study focuses on two scenarios where desalted water for the electrolyser is produced from either treated urban wastewater or seawater using membrane technologies. The results illustrated that the water reclamation scheme featured substantially lower costs (0.81–1.02 €/m³) than the seawater desalination plant (1.09–1.58 €/m³). However, implementing a water production process before the electrolyser only represented a minor impact (&lt; 2.4 %) on the levelized cost of hydrogen (LCOH) and specific energy consumption of the integrated system, even with water production costs as high as 10 €/m³. The contribution of the specific water consumption to the LCOH ranged between 0.10 and 1.80 % when considering water consumptions between 9 and 15 L/kg_H2, respectively. The sensitivity analysis illustrated that the impact of water production on the LCOH was nearly negligible when compared with other operating factors, such as the electrolyser efficiency or the load factor. Overall, this study highlights that water production from alternative water sources has a minimal impact on the economic balance of the electrolyser, making it a viable option to support green hydrogen projects in water-scarce regions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":93548,"journal":{"name":"Energy nexus","volume":"18 ","pages":"Article 100457"},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144099063","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Potential of smart irrigation controllers for demand-side management of water distribution systems","authors":"Nathan T. Lunstad ,&nbsp;Robert B. Sowby","doi":"10.1016/j.nexus.2025.100458","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nexus.2025.100458","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>As a demand-side management (DSM) tool, smart irrigation controllers (SICs) have the potential to help water utilities manage peak demands. With an EPANET hydraulic model we demonstrate that residential SICs can shift and shave peak demands for outdoor irrigation. A real pressurized irrigation system was modeled with demands on a Monday-Wednesday-Friday schedule (baseline scenario) compared to a Monday-Wednesday-Friday and Tuesday-Thursday-Saturday schedule (intervention scenario). With the intervention, the system has lower peak demand (49 % reduction) and improved pressures (9.5 % increase in nodes satisfying minimum pressure). Without intervention, costly capital facility improvements would be needed to maintain the same level of service. Literature suggests SIC can provide 15 % to 40 % water savings; a third scenario assuming 30 % conservation with SICs (intervention SIC scenario) would shift and shave demand (65 % reduction in peak demand) as well as deliver benefits in pressure management (10 % increase in nodes satisfying minimum pressure), energy use (28 % reduction in peak power and 13 % reduction in energy cost), and distribution capacity (9.5 % decrease in pipes with high velocity) relative to the baseline scenario. This is the first hydraulic model analysis to demonstrate the DSM effectiveness of SICs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":93548,"journal":{"name":"Energy nexus","volume":"18 ","pages":"Article 100458"},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144071754","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integrated water-energy modeling in TEMOA energy system optimization model: Pantelleria case study","authors":"Farzaneh Amir Kavei ,&nbsp;Maria Elena Alfano ,&nbsp;Matteo Nicoli ,&nbsp;Francesco Quatraro ,&nbsp;Laura Savoldi","doi":"10.1016/j.nexus.2025.100461","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nexus.2025.100461","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study addresses the limited integration of water-energy nexus dynamics in energy system models, particularly the lack of hard-linked modeling approaches. The aim is to develop and apply an integrated water-energy model using the open-source TEMOA framework, addressing the gap in quantifying reciprocal impacts of water and energy systems. The Island of Pantelleria serves as a case study due to its isolated infrastructure and ambitious decarbonization targets. First, a Reference Energy System is built and validated by comparing historical outcomes with past data and future projections with official transition scenarios. The model is then extended through the development of a detailed Reference Water System, incorporating water supply, treatment, and demand processes. Several scenarios are analyzed, including a zero-emission policy, reduction of water losses, increased in-situ water supply, and replacement of the primary wastewater treatment plant with a secondary one. Results show that the integrated model reveals substantial differences from the energy-only model. In particular, the ‘Clean Energy for EU Islands’ target indicates higher electricity consumption when water desalination is replaced by water import, an effect not captured by the energy-only model. Additionally, integrating fixed and variable components of water demand improved projection accuracy. The study concludes that a hard-linked water-energy modeling approach offers a more comprehensive understanding of the interdependencies between water and energy systems. This is crucial for planning effective, resource-efficient decarbonization strategies in isolated or resource-constrained contexts.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":93548,"journal":{"name":"Energy nexus","volume":"18 ","pages":"Article 100461"},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144124241","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Perspective on methane capture strategies from natural low-level emissions","authors":"Dhanalakshmi Vadivel ,&nbsp;Nithishkumar Kameswaran ,&nbsp;Ilaria Vai ,&nbsp;Daniele Dondi","doi":"10.1016/j.nexus.2025.100459","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nexus.2025.100459","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Climate change is a pressing issue that confronts human existence in today’s world, and its consequences have already started manifesting at a more rapid rate. The biggest culprit of climate change is methane (CH₄), a potent greenhouse gas. Consequently, methane emissions must be controlled effectively to prevent global warming. This review is an analysis of the literature available for methane capture, listing different types of adsorbents, highlighting standout materials dealing with the capture of both low and high concentrations of methane, and discussing progressive trends of materials that will help in tailoring adsorbents for better methane adsorption. This article also suggests a mixed membrane matrix as a future perspective by VOS Viewer analysis for the effective capture of methane, along with several techniques that can enhance the technical feasibility, economic viability, and environmental implications. As a result of understanding the challenges and opportunities associated with methane capture, we aim to address the concerns of residents and industry stakeholders regarding methane capture.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":93548,"journal":{"name":"Energy nexus","volume":"19 ","pages":"Article 100459"},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144204530","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mitigating environmental impacts of cineraria production in greenhouses: A life cycle assessment approach for sustainability","authors":"Majid Khanali,&nbsp;Tahereh Salehpour,&nbsp;Ali Rajabipour,&nbsp;Ali Kaab","doi":"10.1016/j.nexus.2025.100453","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nexus.2025.100453","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study evaluates the environmental impacts of cineraria production in greenhouses using a LCA approach. The findings indicate a carcinogenic impact of 2.49E-03 kg C2H3Cl eq., with over 50 % attributed to electricity consumption for water pumping and ventilation. Natural gas use in electricity generation contributes an additional 1.30E-03 kg C2H3Cl eq. of aromatic hydrocarbons to the atmosphere. The ionizing radiation impact is estimated at 6.72E-02 Bq C-14 eq./FU, primarily driven by electricity use. The non-carcinogenic impact per cineraria plant totals 1.58E-02 kg C2H3Cl eq., mainly due to diesel combustion and the use of pesticides and fertilizers. To mitigate these effects, reducing diesel reliance and adopting biofuels and biofertilizers are recommended. The respiratory inorganic impact is recorded at 1.67E-04 kg PM2.5 eq./FU, largely stemming from diesel use, while ozone depletion is significantly linked to pesticides. Aquatic impacts result mainly from diesel combustion and nutrient runoff, which poses risks to human health and ecosystems. This study underscores the necessity of cleaner fuels and sustainable agricultural practices, advocating for ongoing assessments to promote ecological sustainability.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":93548,"journal":{"name":"Energy nexus","volume":"18 ","pages":"Article 100453"},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144116363","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}