BMC Biology最新文献

{"title":"Wolbachia incompatible insect technique program optimization over large spatial scales using a process-based model of mosquito metapopulation dynamics.","authors":"Preston Lj Lim, Alex R Cook, Somya Bansal, Jo Yi Chow, Jue Tao Lim","doi":"10.1186/s12915-024-02070-1","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12915-024-02070-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Wolbachia incompatible insect technique (IIT) programs have been shown in field trials to be highly effective in suppressing populations of mosquitoes that carry diseases such as dengue, chikungunya, and Zika. However, the frequent and repeated release of Wolbachia-infected male mosquitoes makes such programs resource-intensive. While the need for optimization is recognized, potential strategies to optimize releases and reduce resource utilization have not been fully explored.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We developed a process-based model to study the spatio-temporal metapopulation dynamics of mosquitoes in a Wolbachia IIT program, which explicitly incorporates climatic influence in mosquito life-history traits. We then used the model to simulate various scale-down and redistribution strategies to optimize the existing program in Singapore. Specifically, the model was used to study the trade-offs between the intervention efficacy outcomes and resource requirements of various release program strategies, such as the total number of release events and the number of mosquitoes released. We found that scaling down releases in existing sites from twice a week to only once a week yielded small changes in suppression efficacy (from 87 to 80%), while requiring 44% fewer mosquitoes and release events. Additionally, redistributing mosquitoes from already suppressed areas and releasing them in new areas once a week led to a greater total suppressive efficacy (83% compared to 61%) while also yielding a 16% and 14% reduction in the number of mosquitoes and release events required, respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Both scale-down and redistribution strategies can be implemented to significantly reduce program resource requirements without compromising the suppressive efficacy of IIT. These findings will inform planners on ways to optimize existing and future IIT programs, potentially allowing for the wider adoption of this method for mosquito-borne disease control.</p>","PeriodicalId":9339,"journal":{"name":"BMC Biology","volume":"22 1","pages":"269"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11580355/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142686192","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ancient genomes from the Tang Dynasty capital reveal the genetic legacy of trans-Eurasian communication at the eastern end of Silk Road.","authors":"Minglei Lv, Hao Ma, Rui Wang, Hui Li, Xiangyu Zhang, Wenbo Zhang, Yuding Zeng, Ziwei Qin, Hongbo Zhai, Yiqiang Lou, Yukai Lin, Le Tao, Haifeng He, Xiaomin Yang, Kongyang Zhu, Yawei Zhou, Chuan-Chao Wang","doi":"10.1186/s12915-024-02068-9","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12915-024-02068-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Ancient Chang'an in the Tang Dynasty (618-907 AD) was one of the world's largest and most populated cities and acted as the eastern end of the world-famous Silk Road. However, little is known about the genetics of Chang'an people and whether the Western Regions-related gene flows have been prevalent in this cosmopolitan city.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Here, we present seven genomes from Xingfulindai (XFLD) sites dating to the Tang Dynasty in Chang'an. We observed that four of seven XFLD individuals (XFLD_1) were genetically homogenous with the Late Neolithic Wadian, Pingliangtai, and Haojiatai populations from the middle reaches of the Yellow River Basin (YR_LN), with no genetic influence from the Western Eurasian or other non-Yellow River-related lineages. The remaining three XFLD individuals were a mixture of YR_LN-related ancestry and ~ 3-15% Western Eurasian-related ancestry. Mixtures of XFLD_1 and Western Eurasian-related ancestry drove the main gradient of genetic variation in northern and central Shaanxi Province today.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our study underlined the widespread distribution of the YR_LN-related ancestry alongside the Silk Road within the territory of China during the historical era and provided direct evidence of trans-Eurasian communication in Chang'an from a genetic perspective.</p>","PeriodicalId":9339,"journal":{"name":"BMC Biology","volume":"22 1","pages":"267"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11577736/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142680720","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Eurasian spruce bark beetle detects lanierone using a highly expressed specialist odorant receptor, present in several functional sensillum types.","authors":"Jothi Kumar Yuvaraj, Dineshkumar Kandasamy, Rebecca E Roberts, Bill S Hansson, Jonathan Gershenzon, Martin N Andersson","doi":"10.1186/s12915-024-02066-x","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12915-024-02066-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Insects detect odours using odorant receptors (ORs) expressed in olfactory sensory neurons (OSNs) in the antennae. Ecologically important odours are often detected by selective and abundant OSNs; hence, ORs with high antennal expression. However, little is known about the function of highly expressed ORs in beetles, since few ORs have been functionally characterized. Here, we functionally characterized the most highly expressed OR (ItypOR36) in the bark beetle Ips typographus L. (Coleoptera, Curculionidae, Scolytinae), a major pest of spruce. We hypothesized that this OR would detect a compound important to beetle fitness, such as a pheromone component. We next investigated the antennal distribution of this OR using single sensillum recordings (SSR) and in situ hybridization, followed by field- and laboratory experiments to evaluate the behavioural effects of the discovered ligand.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We expressed ItypOR36 in HEK293 cells and challenged it with 64 ecologically relevant odours. The OR responded exclusively to the monoterpene-derived ketone lanierone with high sensitivity. Lanierone is used in chemical communication in North American Ips species, but it has never been shown to be produced by I. typographus, nor has it been studied in relation to this species' sensory physiology. Single sensillum recordings revealed a novel and abundant lanierone-responsive OSN class with the same specific response as ItypOR36. Strikingly, these OSNs were co-localized in sensilla together with seven different previously described OSN classes. Field experiments revealed that low release rates of lanierone inhibited beetle attraction to traps baited with aggregation pheromone, with strongest effects on males. Female beetles were attracted to lanierone in laboratory walking bioassays.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our study highlights the importance of the so-called 'reverse chemical ecology' approach to identify novel semiochemicals for ecologically important insect species. Our discovery of the co-localization pattern involving the lanierone OSN class suggests organizational differences in the peripheral olfactory sense between insect orders. Our behavioural experiments show that lanierone elicits different responses in the two sexes, which also depend on whether beetles are walking in the laboratory or flying in the field. Unravelling the source of lanierone in the natural environment of I. typographus is required to understand these context-dependent behaviours.</p>","PeriodicalId":9339,"journal":{"name":"BMC Biology","volume":"22 1","pages":"266"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11577813/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142680901","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Systemic and transcriptional response to intermittent fasting and fasting-mimicking diet in mice.","authors":"Helene Michenthaler, Kalina Duszka, Isabel Reinisch, Markus Galhuber, Elisabeth Moyschewitz, Sarah Stryeck, Tobias Madl, Andreas Prokesch, Jelena Krstic","doi":"10.1186/s12915-024-02061-2","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12915-024-02061-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Dietary restriction (DR) has multiple beneficial effects on health and longevity and can also improve the efficacy of certain therapies. Diets used to instigate DR are diverse and the corresponding response is not uniformly measured. We compared the systemic and liver-specific transcriptional response to intermittent fasting (IF) and commercially available fasting-mimicking diet (FMD) after short- and long-term use in C57BL/6 J mice.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We show that neither DR regimen causes observable adverse effects in mice. The weight loss was limited to 20% and was quickly compensated during refeeding days. The slightly higher weight loss upon FMD versus IF correlated with stronger fasting response assessed by lower glucose levels and higher ketone body, free fatty acids and especially FGF21 concentrations in blood. RNA sequencing demonstrated similar transcriptional programs in the liver after both regimens, with PPARα signalling as top enriched pathway, while on individual gene level FMD more potently increased gluconeogenesis-related, and PPARα and p53 target gene expression compared to IF. Repeated IF induced similar transcriptional responses as acute IF. However, repeated cycles of FMD resulted in blunted expression of genes involved in ketogenesis and fatty acid oxidation.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Short-term FMD causes more pronounced changes in blood parameters and slightly higher weight loss than IF, while both activate similar pathways (particularly PPARα signalling) in the liver. On individual gene level FMD induces a stronger transcriptional response, whereas cyclic application blunts transcriptional upregulation of fatty acid oxidation and ketogenesis only in FMD. Hence, our comparative characterization of IF and FMD protocols renders both as effective DR regimens and serves as resource in the fasting research field.</p>","PeriodicalId":9339,"journal":{"name":"BMC Biology","volume":"22 1","pages":"268"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11580389/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142680906","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Motif-guided identification of KRAS-interacting proteins.","authors":"Sanan Wu, Xiaoyang Gao, Di Wu, Lu Liu, Han Yao, Xiangjun Meng, Xianglei Zhang, Fang Bai","doi":"10.1186/s12915-024-02067-w","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12915-024-02067-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>For decades, KRAS has always been a huge challenge to the field of drug discovery for its significance in cancer progression as well as its difficulties in being targeted as an \"undruggable\" protein. KRAS regulates downstream signaling pathways through protein-protein interactions, whereas many interaction partners of KRAS remain unknown.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We developed a workflow to computationally predict and experimentally validate the potential KRAS-interacting proteins based on the interaction mode of KRAS and its known binding partners. We extracted 17 KRAS-interacting motifs from all experimentally determined KRAS-containing protein complexes as queries to identify proteins containing fragments structurally similar to the queries in the human protein structure database using our in-house protein-protein interaction prediction method, PPI-Miner. Finally, out of the 78 predicted potential interacting proteins of KRAS, 10 were selected for experimental validation, including BRAF, a previously reported interacting protein, which served as the positive control in our validation experiments. Additionally, a known peptide that binds to KRAS, KRpep-2d, was also used as a positive control. The predicted interacting motifs of these 10 proteins were synthesized to perform biolayer interferometry assays, with 4 out of 10 exhibiting binding affinities to KRAS, and the strongest, GRB10, was selected for further validation. Additionally, the interaction between GRB10 (RA-PH domain) and KRAS was confirmed via immunofluorescence and co-immunoprecipitation.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These results demonstrate the effectiveness of our workflow in predicting potential interacting proteins for KRAS and deepen the understanding of KRAS-driven tumor mechanisms and the development of therapeutic strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":9339,"journal":{"name":"BMC Biology","volume":"22 1","pages":"264"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11575137/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142675246","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Long-term survival of asexual Zymoseptoria tritici spores in the environment.","authors":"William T Kay, Paul O'Neill, Sarah J Gurr, Helen N Fones","doi":"10.1186/s12915-024-02060-3","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12915-024-02060-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The fungal phytopathogen Zymoseptoria tritici, causal agent of the economically damaging Septoria tritici blotch of wheat, is different from most foliar fungal pathogens in that its germination occurs slowly and apparently randomly after arrival on the leaf surface and is followed by a potentially prolonged period of epiphytic growth and even reproduction, during which no feeding structures are formed by the fungus. Thus, understanding the cues for germination and the mechanisms that underpin survival in low-nutrient environments could provide key new avenues for disease control.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In this work, we examine survival, culturability and virulence of spores following transfer from a high nutrient environment to water. We find that a sub-population of Z. tritici spores can survive and remain virulent for at least 7 weeks in water alone, during which time multicellular structures split to single cells. The fungus relies heavily on stored lipids; however, if cell suspensions in water are dried, the cells survive without lipid utilisation. Changes in gene expression in the first hours after suspension in water reflect adaptation to stress, while longer term starvation (7 days) induces changes particularly in primary metabolism and cytochrome P450 (CYP) gene expression. Importantly, we also found that Z. tritici spores are equally or better able to survive in soil as in water, and that rain-splash occurring 49 days after soil inoculation can transfer cells to wheat seedlings growing in inoculated soil and cause Septoria leaf blotch disease.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Z. tritici blastospores can survive in water or soil for long periods, potentially spanning the intercrop period for UK winter wheat. They rely on internal lipid stores, with no external nutrition, and although a large proportion of spores do not survive for such an extended period, those that do remain as virulent as spores grown on rich media. Thus, Z. tritici has exceptional survival strategies, which are likely to be important in understanding its population genetics and in developing novel routes for Septoria leaf blotch control.</p>","PeriodicalId":9339,"journal":{"name":"BMC Biology","volume":"22 1","pages":"265"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11575008/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142675273","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Spatiotemporal characterization of extracellular matrix maturation in human artificial stromal-epithelial tissue substitutes.","authors":"Paula Ávila-Fernández, Miguel Etayo-Escanilla, David Sánchez-Porras, Ricardo Fernández-Valadés, Fernando Campos, Ingrid Garzón, Víctor Carriel, Miguel Alaminos, Óscar Darío García-García, Jesús Chato-Astrain","doi":"10.1186/s12915-024-02065-y","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12915-024-02065-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Tissue engineering techniques offer new strategies to understand complex processes in a controlled and reproducible system. In this study, we generated bilayered human tissue substitutes consisting of a cellular connective tissue with a suprajacent epithelium (full-thickness stromal-epithelial substitutes or SESS) and human tissue substitutes with an epithelial layer generated on top of an acellular biomaterial (epithelial substitutes or ESS). Both types of artificial tissues were studied at sequential time periods to analyze the maturation process of the extracellular matrix.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Regarding epithelial layer, ESS cells showed active proliferation, positive expression of cytokeratin 5, and low expression of differentiation markers, whereas SESS epithelium showed higher differentiation levels, with a progressive positive expression of cytokeratin 10 and claudin. Stromal cells in SESS tended to accumulate and actively synthetize extracellular matrix components such as collagens and proteoglycans in the stromal area in direct contact with the epithelium (zone 1), whereas these components were very scarce in ESS. Regarding the basement membrane, ESS showed a partially differentiated structure containing fibronectin-1 and perlecan. However, SESS showed higher basement membrane differentiation, with positive expression of fibronectin 1, perlecan, nidogen 1, chondroitin-6-sulfate proteoglycans, agrin, and collagens types IV and VII, although this structure was negative for lumican. Finally, both ESS and SESS proved to be useful tools for studying metabolic pathway regulation, revealing differential activation and upregulation of the transforming growth factor-β pathway in ESS and SESS.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These results confirm the relevance of epithelial-stromal interaction for extracellular matrix development and differentiation, especially regarding basement membrane components, and suggest the usefulness of bilayered artificial tissue substitutes to reproduce ex vivo the extracellular matrix maturation and development process of human tissues.</p>","PeriodicalId":9339,"journal":{"name":"BMC Biology","volume":"22 1","pages":"263"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11575135/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142667365","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rotating culture regulates the formation of HepaRG-derived liver organoids via YAP translocation.","authors":"Shaoyu Zhong, Lu Zheng, Yi Wu, Shujin Sun, Qing Luo, Guanbin Song, Dongyuan Lü, Mian Long","doi":"10.1186/s12915-024-02062-1","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12915-024-02062-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Liver organoid serves as an alternative model for liver pathophysiology in carbohydrate or lipid metabolism and xenobiotic metabolism transformation. Biomechanical cues including spaceflight mission can affect liver organoid construction and their related functions, but their underlying mechanisms are not fully understood yet. Here, a rotating cell culture device, namely Rotating Flat Chamber (RFC), was specifically designed for adhering cells or cell aggregated to elucidate the effects of altered gravity vector on HepaRG-derived liver organoids construction.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The organoids so formed under RFC presented the fast growth rate and large projection area. Meanwhile, the expressions of two pluripotency markers of SOX9 and CD44 were enhanced. This finding was positively correlated with the increased YAP expression and nuclear translocation as well as the elevated α₄β₆-integrin expression. Inhibition of YAP expression and nuclear translocation decreased the expression of SOX9 and CD44 under RFC, thereby attenuating the pluripotency of HepaRG-derived liver organoids.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In conclusion, we proposed a novel liver organoid construction method using rotating culture, by which the pluripotency of liver organoids so constructed is mediated by α₄β₆-integrin and YAP translocation. This work furthered the understanding in how the gravity vector orientation affects the construction of liver organoids and the related mechanotransductive pathways.</p>","PeriodicalId":9339,"journal":{"name":"BMC Biology","volume":"22 1","pages":"262"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11568593/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142643434","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Building an eDNA surveillance toolkit for invasive rodents on islands: can we detect wild-type and gene drive Mus musculus?","authors":"Antoinette J Piaggio, Luke Gierus, Daniel R Taylor, Nick D Holmes, David J Will, Neil J Gemmell, Paul Q Thomas","doi":"10.1186/s12915-024-02063-0","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12915-024-02063-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Invasive management strategies range from preventing new invasive species incursions to eliminating established populations, with all requiring effective monitoring to guide action. The use of DNA sampled from the environment (eDNA) is one such tool that provides the ability to surveille and monitor target invasive species through passive sampling. Technology being developed to eliminate invasive species includes genetic biocontrol in the form of gene drive. This approach would drive a trait through a population and could be used to eliminate or modify a target population. Once a gene drive organism is released into a population then monitoring changes in density of the target species and the spread of the drive in the population would be critical.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In this paper, we use invasive Mus musculus as a model for development of an eDNA assay that detects wild-type M. musculus and gene drive M. musculus. We demonstrate successful development of an assay where environmental samples could be used to detect wild-type invasive M. musculus and the relative density of wild-type to gene drive M. musculus.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The development of a method that detects both wild-type M. musculus and a gene drive M. musculus (t_CRISPR) from environmental samples expands the utility of environmental DNA. This method provides a tool that can immediately be deployed for invasive wild M. musculus management across the world. This is a proof-of-concept that a genetic biocontrol construct could be monitored using environmental samples.</p>","PeriodicalId":9339,"journal":{"name":"BMC Biology","volume":"22 1","pages":"261"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11566076/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142643398","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unveiling tryptophan dynamics and functions across model organisms via quantitative imaging.","authors":"Kui Wang, Tian-Lun Chen, Xin-Xin Zhang, Jian-Bin Cao, Pengcheng Wang, Mingcang Wang, Jiu-Lin Du, Yu Mu, Rongkun Tao","doi":"10.1186/s12915-024-02058-x","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12915-024-02058-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Tryptophan is an essential amino acid involved in critical cellular processes in vertebrates, serving as a precursor for serotonin and kynurenine, which are key neuromodulators to influence neural and immune functions. Systematic and quantitative measurement of tryptophan is vital to understanding these processes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Here, we utilized a robust and highly responsive green ratiometric indicator for tryptophan (GRIT) to quantitatively measure tryptophan dynamics in bacteria, mitochondria of mammalian cell cultures, human serum, and intact zebrafish. At the cellular scale, these quantitative analyses uncovered differences in tryptophan dynamics across cell types and organelles. At the whole-organism scale, we revealed that inflammation-induced tryptophan concentration increases in zebrafish brain led to elevated serotonin and kynurenine levels, prolonged sleep duration, suggesting a novel metabolic connection between immune response and behavior. Moreover, GRIT's application in detecting reduced serum tryptophan levels in patients with inflammation symptoms suggests its potential as a high-throughput diagnostic tool.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In summary, this study introduces GRIT as a powerful method for studying tryptophan metabolism and its broader physiological implications, paving the way for new insights into the metabolic regulation of health and disease across multiple biological scales.</p>","PeriodicalId":9339,"journal":{"name":"BMC Biology","volume":"22 1","pages":"258"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11562630/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142615265","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}