Microplastics and soil microbiomes.

Abstract

Microplastics, small particles that are released from plastics as they degrade, are ubiquitous and increasing in amount in most environments, including the soil. Here, we review the impacts of microplastics on the structure and activity of soil microbiomes and their key ecosystem functions. We then discuss how soil microbiomes regulate the environmental behavior of microplastics, such as enhancing pollutant adsorption and promoting degradation. Finally, we describe knowledge gaps and future priorities in understanding the ecological risks and potential mitigation strategies for microplastic pollution.