Bulletin of emergency and trauma最新文献

Investigating Factors Affecting Mortality Due to Spinal Cord Trauma in Patients Admitted to the Intensive Care Unit. 调查影响重症监护病房脊髓创伤患者死亡率的因素。

Bulletin of emergency and trauma Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.30476/beat.2024.103079.1517

Hassan Reza Mohammadi, Ali Erfani, Sohrab Sadeghi, Khalil Komlakh, Masoumeh Otaghi, Aminollah Vasig

{"title":"Investigating Factors Affecting Mortality Due to Spinal Cord Trauma in Patients Admitted to the Intensive Care Unit.","authors":"Hassan Reza Mohammadi, Ali Erfani, Sohrab Sadeghi, Khalil Komlakh, Masoumeh Otaghi, Aminollah Vasig","doi":"10.30476/beat.2024.103079.1517","DOIUrl":"10.30476/beat.2024.103079.1517","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: This study was conducted to investigate the factors affecting mortality due to spinal cord trauma in patients admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU).Methods: This study was conducted in a group of patients who were admitted to the ICU with a Traumatic Spinal Injuries (TSI) diagnosis. The researcher started sampling by assessing the documents of the patients hospitalized in the ICU, and the diagnosis of TSI was confirmed for them. Besides, utilizing a researcher-made checklist, factors affecting the mortality of patients were identified. The data were analyzed using the SPSS software version 16. P<0.05 was considered statistically significant.Results: About 412 (64.2%) patients were men, about 213 (33.2%) of the patients had GCS between 3-8 grade. There were injuries in the pelvis area. Moreover, there was a significant relationship between GCS score status and the number of injury follow-ups in addition to TSI. Therefore, the mortality rate was higher in patients who had lower GCS (Odds ratio=2.32, p<0.001). There was also a significant relationship between the number of injuries and the mortality rate, and patients who had multiple traumas had a higher mortality rate. Besides, a significant relationship was observed between the complications caused by trauma, including cerebrovascular accident, cardiac arrest, acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), pneumonia, and the mortality of patients hospitalized in the SICU (p<0.05).Conclusion: The patients' mortality was influenced by factors such as their level of consciousness, the number of traumas caused in the spinal cord, and the occurrence of comorbidities such as cerebrovascular accident, cardiac arrest, ARDS, and pneumonia. Therefore, it is necessary to take the essential measures to reduce these complications.","PeriodicalId":9333,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of emergency and trauma","volume":"12 3","pages":"136-141"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11462108/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142399474","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Enhancing Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation Training Through Virtual Reality Technology: Assessing Efficiency and Impact. 通过虚拟现实技术加强心肺复苏培训：评估效率和影响。

Bulletin of emergency and trauma Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.30476/beat.2024.101899.1498

Payam Emami, Mahsa Boozari Pour

引用次数: 0

The Impact of COVID-19 on Trauma Emergency Patients in Southeastern Iran. COVID-19 对伊朗东南部创伤急诊患者的影响。

Bulletin of emergency and trauma Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.30476/BEAT.2024.101960.1500

Milad Ahmadi Gohari, Ali Akbar Haghdoost, Mehdi Ahmadinejad, Mohammadreza Balooch Hasankhani, Hossein Mirzaei, Yunes Jahani

{"title":"The Impact of COVID-19 on Trauma Emergency Patients in Southeastern Iran.","authors":"Milad Ahmadi Gohari, Ali Akbar Haghdoost, Mehdi Ahmadinejad, Mohammadreza Balooch Hasankhani, Hossein Mirzaei, Yunes Jahani","doi":"10.30476/BEAT.2024.101960.1500","DOIUrl":"10.30476/BEAT.2024.101960.1500","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: With the COVID-19 outbreak in countries around the world, the countries' healthcare systems underwent an unprecedented shock. This study aimed to examine the resilience of the medical service delivery system in providing emergency services during the Covid-19 pandemic.Methods: This study was conducted in a reference hospital in Kerman that provided emergency services to trauma patients. It compared service delivery before and after COVID-19, as well as during the COVID-19 peak and non-peak periods. The compared variables were the number of trauma patients admitted to the hospital and the ICU, the number of patients who died in the hospital due to trauma, and the length of stay in the hospital and the ICU.Results: The pre- and post-COVID-19 comparisons showed no significant difference in the number of daily hospital admissions, ICU admissions, and patient deaths. The median length of stay in the ICU was significantly reduced by almost 2 days during the COVID-19 outbreak. However, the length of stay at the hospital was almost the same. Furthermore, a comparison of the COVID-19 peaks and non-peak periods indicated no statistically significant difference in the number of admissions in the ICU, hospital and ICU length of stay, and trauma-induced mortality.Conclusion: Despite the substantial workload imposed by COVID-19 on hospitals, especially during the peak periods of the disease, the provision of medical services to emergency trauma patients did not drop significantly, and the quality of services provided to patients was within the acceptable range.","PeriodicalId":9333,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of emergency and trauma","volume":"12 2","pages":"73-80"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11366271/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142119052","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A Novel Skin Incision for Posterior Fossa Midline and Paramedian Lesions: A Technical Note and Case Series. 后窝中线和侧线病变的新型皮肤切口：技术说明和病例系列。

Bulletin of emergency and trauma Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.30476/BEAT.2023.100324.1465

Mohammad Sadegh Masoudi, Sina Zoghi, Reza Taheri, Adrina Habibzadeh, Ali Ansari

{"title":"A Novel Skin Incision for Posterior Fossa Midline and Paramedian Lesions: A Technical Note and Case Series.","authors":"Mohammad Sadegh Masoudi, Sina Zoghi, Reza Taheri, Adrina Habibzadeh, Ali Ansari","doi":"10.30476/BEAT.2023.100324.1465","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30476/BEAT.2023.100324.1465","url":null,"abstract":"Approaching posterior fossa pathologies is fairly challenging. Poor exposure, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leak following surgery, post-operative suboccipital and neck pain, as well as wound healing are all common complications following traditional suboccipital midline incision. Herein, we present a novel incision for approaching posterior fossa pathologies. The incision is shaped like a question mark and makes a musculofascial flap supplied by the occipital artery on top as well as a wide area for craniotomy. In our technique, the dura is also incised in a question mark-shaped manner. The new incision was used to operate on three patients who had masses in the posterior fossa. Following surgeries, none of the patients experienced any adverse events such as CSF leak, wound complications, severe suboccipital pain, and neck instability. This new incision not only facilitates approaching pathologies in the posterior fossa by providing wider exposure but also enables us to perform watertight dural closure, which reduces CSF leak. Furthermore, as the muscular incision provides a sufficient area for craniotomy, muscular retraction can be minimized to reduce post-operative pain. Moreover, unlike the midline avascular incision, the flap is well supplied by the occipital artery, which facilitates the healing procedure.","PeriodicalId":9333,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of emergency and trauma","volume":"12 1","pages":"42-45"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11057448/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140847941","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Comparative Clinical Assessment and Risk Stratification of COVID-19 and Influenza Infections in Adults and Children: A Comprehensive Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. COVID-19 与成人和儿童流感感染的临床评估和风险分层比较：全面系统回顾与元分析》。

Bulletin of emergency and trauma Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.30476/BEAT.2024.102205.1504

Eman E Shaban, Yavuz Yigit, Mohamed Elgassim, Ahmed Shaban, Amira Shaban, Amin Ameen, Mohamed Abdurabu, Hany A Zaki

{"title":"Comparative Clinical Assessment and Risk Stratification of COVID-19 and Influenza Infections in Adults and Children: A Comprehensive Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.","authors":"Eman E Shaban, Yavuz Yigit, Mohamed Elgassim, Ahmed Shaban, Amira Shaban, Amin Ameen, Mohamed Abdurabu, Hany A Zaki","doi":"10.30476/BEAT.2024.102205.1504","DOIUrl":"10.30476/BEAT.2024.102205.1504","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: This study aimed to compare the clinical risks and outcomes of COVID-19 and influenza.Methods: The search for relevant articles was conducted using both a database search method and a manual search, which involved searching through the reference lists of articles related to the topic for additional studies. The Quality assessment was carried out using the Newcastle Ottawa tool, and the data analysis was conducted using the Review Manager Software (RevMan 5.4.1).Results: The meta-analysis results indicated that COVID-19 patients had similar lengths of hospital stays (SMD: -0.25; 95% CI: -0.60-0.11; p=0.17). However, COVID-19 patients had significantly higher mortality rates (RR: 0.28; 95% CI: 0.21-0.37; p<0.0001), in-hospital complications (RR: 0.57; 95% CI: 0.50-0.65; p<0.00001), intensive care unit (ICU) admissions (OR: 0.48; 95% CI: 0.37-0.61; p<0.00001), length of ICU stay (SMD: -0.45; 95% CI: -0.83-0.06; p=0.02), and mechanical ventilation use (OR: 0.36; 95% CI: 0.28-0.46; p<0.00001).Conclusion: The findings suggested that COVID-19 was more severe than influenza. Therefore, \"flu-like\" symptoms should not be dismissed without a clear diagnosis, especially during the winter when influenza is more prevalent.","PeriodicalId":9333,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of emergency and trauma","volume":"12 2","pages":"47-57"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11366268/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142119037","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Comparing the Efficiency of Laryngeal Mask Airway and Endotracheal Tube Insertion in Airway Management in Patients Planning for Elective Orthopedic Surgery under General Anesthesia: A Randomized Clinical Trial. 比较喉罩通气道和气管插管在全身麻醉下计划进行骨科择期手术的患者气道管理中的效率：随机临床试验。

Bulletin of emergency and trauma Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.30476/beat.2024.102372.1509

Mehrdad Malekshoar, Pourya Adibi, Hashem Jarineshin, Ehsan Tavassoli, Navid Kalani, Tayyebeh Zarei, Mehrdad Sayadinia, Majid Vatankhah

{"title":"Comparing the Efficiency of Laryngeal Mask Airway and Endotracheal Tube Insertion in Airway Management in Patients Planning for Elective Orthopedic Surgery under General Anesthesia: A Randomized Clinical Trial.","authors":"Mehrdad Malekshoar, Pourya Adibi, Hashem Jarineshin, Ehsan Tavassoli, Navid Kalani, Tayyebeh Zarei, Mehrdad Sayadinia, Majid Vatankhah","doi":"10.30476/beat.2024.102372.1509","DOIUrl":"10.30476/beat.2024.102372.1509","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: The present study compared respiratory parameters between the two methods of airway establishment, ETT and LMA, for patients scheduled for orthopedic surgery with general anesthesia.Methods: This randomized double-blinded clinical trial was conducted on patients scheduled for elective orthopedic surgery under general anesthesia, in Bandar Abbas, Iran, from January 2021 to December 2021. Using a random allocation table, the study participants were randomly divided into two groups, to employ either ETT (n=48) or LMA insertion (n=48). The study's ultimate goal was to assess the respiratory parameters in 1, 3, 5, 10, and 15 minutes following intubation.Results: At all-time points, the average of peak airway pressure (P peak) and P plateau parameters in the ETT group was much higher than the EMA group (p<0.001 in all comparisons). The value of dynamic lung compliance in the LMA group was significantly higher than the ETT group in all considered time periods (p<0.001 in all comparisons). The upward trend in the value of this index was significant only in the LMA group (p=0.030). There were no significant differences in arterial oxygen saturation and end-tidal carbon dioxide levels between the two groups (p>0.05).Conclusion: In terms of arterial oxygen saturation stability and at the same time providing respiratory dynamic compliance, the LMA device outperformed the ETT.","PeriodicalId":9333,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of emergency and trauma","volume":"12 3","pages":"111-116"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11462110/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142399473","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

An Epidemiological Investigation on Patients with Non-traumatic Subarachnoid Hemorrhage from 2010 to 2020. 2010 至 2020 年非创伤性蛛网膜下腔出血患者的流行病学调查。

Bulletin of emergency and trauma Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.30476/BEAT.2024.101708.1495

Seyed Reza Ahmadi Koupaei, Maliheh Ziaee, Humain Baharvahdat, Zahra Ahmadi, Morteza Talebi Deluee, Behrang Rezvani Kakhki, Mohammad Salehi Kareshk, Elnaz Vafadar Moradi

{"title":"An Epidemiological Investigation on Patients with Non-traumatic Subarachnoid Hemorrhage from 2010 to 2020.","authors":"Seyed Reza Ahmadi Koupaei, Maliheh Ziaee, Humain Baharvahdat, Zahra Ahmadi, Morteza Talebi Deluee, Behrang Rezvani Kakhki, Mohammad Salehi Kareshk, Elnaz Vafadar Moradi","doi":"10.30476/BEAT.2024.101708.1495","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30476/BEAT.2024.101708.1495","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: Subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) is still considered a life-threatening medical condition with a high mortality rate, particularly in developing countries. Thus, the present study aimed to investigate the angiographic findings of non-traumatic or spontaneous SAH.Methods: This retrospective cohort study included 642 health records of patients with non-traumatic SAH over a 10-year period, from 2010 to 2020. The required data, including demographic information, aneurysm type, size, location, disease severity classification, and secondary complications, were extracted.Results: The study included 642 patients, with 262 (40.8%) being male. The mean age of the participants was 54.72±13.51 years. The most prevalent type of aneurysm was saccular (89.1%), while serpentine (0.2%) and dissecting saccular (0.2%) aneurysms had the least prevalence. The most frequently involved arteries were the anterior communicating artery (ACoA; 38%), internal carotid artery (ICA; 27.6%), and middle cerebral artery (MCA; 13.4%). There was a significant correlation between sex and aneurysms occurring at ACoA and ICA (p< 0.0001), and ACoA - A1 (p=0.02). Patient age and sex were also significantly correlated with one another (p<0.0001). There was no statistically significant correlation between sex, aneurysm size, Glasgow coma scale (GCS), and modified Rankin scale (MRS).Conclusion: Based on our findings, the presence of aneurysms at ACoA, ACoA - A1, and ICA should be thoroughly ruled out in patients with severe headaches of sudden onset, particularly male patients of younger ages.","PeriodicalId":9333,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of emergency and trauma","volume":"12 1","pages":"35-41"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11057451/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140847911","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Economic Burden of Trauma-Related Injuries in Iran in 2019. 2019 年伊朗与创伤相关的经济负担。

Bulletin of emergency and trauma Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.30476/beat.2024.102266.1507

Pirhossein Kolivand, Peyman Saberian, Peyman Namdar, Fereshte Karimi, Soheila Rajaie, Mehdi Raadabadi, Samad Azari

{"title":"Economic Burden of Trauma-Related Injuries in Iran in 2019.","authors":"Pirhossein Kolivand, Peyman Saberian, Peyman Namdar, Fereshte Karimi, Soheila Rajaie, Mehdi Raadabadi, Samad Azari","doi":"10.30476/beat.2024.102266.1507","DOIUrl":"10.30476/beat.2024.102266.1507","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: Trauma-related injuries are the leading cause of death and disability in the active population, with devastating economic, health, and social consequences for nations. TThis study aimed to assess the economic burden of injuries in Iran.Methods: In this study, the economic impact of trauma in Iran in 2019 was estimated using a prevalence-based approach. The prevalence was estimated based on available statistics in Iran and the GBD website. Direct medical expenditures were calculated using a top-down approach. The cost of lost production due to injuries and premature death was also estimated using the DALY value. Microsoft Excel 2019 and Stata software version 13.0 were used for the analysis.Results: In Iran, approximately 16,500,000 individuals were estimated to have sustained injuries in a single year. The average direct medical expenses for each trauma patient were around $226. Fractures contributed to 39% of the financial impact of trauma. The overall economic burden of trauma in Iran was calculated to be $10,214,403,423. Approximately 66% of this economic burden was attributed to lost productivity and premature death resulting from trauma, while direct medical costs made up 34%.Conclusion: The economic burden of trauma in Iran is expected to significantly rise in the future. It may be necessary to enhance awareness of injury-related mortality and disability, improve therapies, and expand evidence-based interventions to reduce the economic impact of injuries.","PeriodicalId":9333,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of emergency and trauma","volume":"12 2","pages":"67-72"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11366267/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142119038","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Pattern of Traumatic Injuries in Patients with Tramadol Poisoning: A Cross-Sectional Study in a Tertiary Care Hospital. 曲马多中毒患者的外伤模式：一家三甲医院的横断面研究。

Bulletin of emergency and trauma Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.30476/BEAT.2024.101078.1484

Seyed Mostafa Mirakbari, Amir Mohammad Kazemifar, Abbas Allami, Ameneh Barikani

{"title":"Pattern of Traumatic Injuries in Patients with Tramadol Poisoning: A Cross-Sectional Study in a Tertiary Care Hospital.","authors":"Seyed Mostafa Mirakbari, Amir Mohammad Kazemifar, Abbas Allami, Ameneh Barikani","doi":"10.30476/BEAT.2024.101078.1484","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30476/BEAT.2024.101078.1484","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: This study aimed to investigate the incidence and pattern of tramadol-induced seizures and injuries in patients admitted to the hospital.Methods: The cross-sectional study included 300 patients with alleged tramadol intoxication. Demographic information, tramadol dosage and duration of abuse, co-existing illicit drug abuse, hospital stay length, and occurrence of seizures and trauma (type and site of injuries) were collected. Different statistical tests, including the Mann-Whitney U-test, Pearson's Chi-square test, and Student's t-test, were conducted to compare the patients with and without seizures, trauma, and co-ingestion of illicit drugs. The analysis was performed using SPSS software (version 21.0). A p value of less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant.Results: The average patient's age was 24.66±5.64 years, with males comprising 84.3% of the sample. The mean tramadol dose and duration of abuse were 1339.3±1310.2 mg and 2.43±1.35 years, respectively. Seizures were observed in 66% of patients, with men having a higher incidence (69.6% vs. 46.8%; p=0.004). Trauma was reported in 23% of patients, accounting for 35.4% of seizure cases. All trauma patients had experienced seizures, with the head and neck being the most prevalent injury sites (55.1%), typically presenting as abrasions (55.9%). Patients with seizures and trauma had an average hospital stay of 1.73±0.94 days, which was significantly longer.Conclusion: Trauma occurs in more than one-third of tramadol-induced seizures, highlighting the need to perform physical examinations to detect and localize injuries. Tramadol-associated traumas prolonged hospitalization times and thus required prompt attention to prevent further injuries during pre-hospital handling and transferring to hospitals.","PeriodicalId":9333,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of emergency and trauma","volume":"12 1","pages":"21-25"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11057447/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140874496","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Update the Acute Trauma Pain Control Algorithm. 更新急性创伤疼痛控制算法。

Bulletin of emergency and trauma Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.30476/beat.2024.104108.1542

Amir Hossein Shams, Mahsa Ahadi, Mehrdad Karajizadeh, Shahram Paydar

引用次数: 0