Prevalence and Risk Factors of Dental Trauma in Pediatrics and Adolescents: A Retrospective Study in Ilam, Iran.

Objectives: This study aimed to determine the prevalence of dental trauma (DT) in pediatrics and adolescents in Ilam.

Methods: This retrospective study was conducted in Ilam (Iran) on a group of pediatric and adolescent patients with DT between 2017 and 2021. The researchers reviewed patient records from hospital-based specialty clinics providing DT treatment. Using a predefined checklist, they extracted the relevant data from the patients' medical files.

Results: In this study, 246 pediatrics and adolescents were examined, including 144 (58.5%) boys and 102 (41.5%) girls. Regarding age distribution, 104 (42.3%) patients were in the pediatric age group (mean age: 7.1±3.2 years) and 142 (57.7%) were adolescents (14.8±5.1 years). A significant relationship was found between place of occurrence with sex (OR=0.77; 95% CI=0.64-0.93; p=0.008) and age group (OR=0.73; 95% CI=0.6-0.89; p=0.002). Additionally, the type of trauma showed a significant association with sex (OR=1.24; 95% CI=1.08-1.43; p=0.002), while the treatment provided was significantly associated with school type (OR=0.79; 95% CI=0.65-0.96; p=0.02). In addition, there was no significant relationship between the demographic variables and dental injury-related factors (p>0.05).

Conclusion: The present study found a higher prevalence of DT in boys than in girls. However, this trend reversed in the adolescent age group. In addition, public schools had a higher rate of DT, which influenced the types of treatments provided.