T D Vavilova, M S Ponomarev, V Yu Mikhailovskii, E A Kondratieva, E N Mikhailov, K A Kondratov
{"title":"Low-Voltage Scanning Electron Microscopy of Extracellular Vesicles Derived from Human Urine, Saliva, Pericardial and Cerebrospinal Fluids.","authors":"T D Vavilova, M S Ponomarev, V Yu Mikhailovskii, E A Kondratieva, E N Mikhailov, K A Kondratov","doi":"10.1007/s10517-026-06672-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10517-026-06672-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Vesicles obtained from pericardial fluid, cerebrospinal fluid, urine, and saliva by differential centrifugation were examined using low-voltage scanning electron microscopy. Numerous particles and their aggregates were found in the obtained micrographs. The size of most individual particles ranged from 25 to 150 nm, which approximately corresponds to the size of extracellular vesicles. Thus, low-voltage scanning electron microscopy enables the acquisition of high-quality images of both single extracellular vesicles and their aggregates.</p>","PeriodicalId":9331,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Experimental Biology and Medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2026-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147833892","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M Yu Fleishman, A A Salnikov, Yu B Malofey, O Yu Volodina, N Yu Ilyina
{"title":"Morphometry of Mast Cells in the Tongue Tissues of the White Rats under Stress Conditions.","authors":"M Yu Fleishman, A A Salnikov, Yu B Malofey, O Yu Volodina, N Yu Ilyina","doi":"10.1007/s10517-026-06669-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10517-026-06669-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We studied the effect of repeated immobilization stress against the background of preliminary intranasal administration of valine-containing glyproline Pro-Gly-Pro-Val (100 μg/kg) on the morphometric parameters of mast cells (mastocytes) in the connective tissue of the mucosal and muscular layers of the tongue in male Wistar rats. Repeated stress increased in the density of distribution, mean size, and degranulation index of mast cells in both layers. Preliminary administration of the peptide decreased the mean area and degranulation index of mast cells, which suggests that the peptide has a stabilizing effect on the morphological structure and activity of mast cells.</p>","PeriodicalId":9331,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Experimental Biology and Medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2026-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147762773","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Cytoprotective Effect of NOP Receptor Blockade in Primary Culture of Pulmonary Fibroblasts.","authors":"E N Sazonova, O G Repa, Yu B Malofey","doi":"10.1007/s10517-026-06670-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10517-026-06670-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We investigated the involvement of NOP receptors in the response of the primary fibroblast culture to oxidative stress (OS) and in the mechanisms of the cytoprotective effect of the NALE peptide. OS led to a decrease in the number of cells in monolayers and the absence of mitotic figures, increased the proportion of p53<sup>+</sup> cells and the area of the nucleus, and reduced the number of nucleoli. Preliminary incubation with a NOP receptor blocker J-113397 before OS showed its cytoprotective effect: the number of p53<sup>+</sup> cells decreased, though still was significantly higher than in the control, the area of the cell nuclei corresponded to the control parameter, and the density of the cell culture increased. Preincubation with the NALE peptide also attenuated the effects of OS in the cell culture. The combined application of the NOP receptor blocker and NALE peptide had a protective effect. Changes in the nucleo-nucleolar apparatus of cells were similar to those observed after incubations with the NALE peptide: a significant increase in the area of nuclei, a decrease in the number of nucleoli, an increase in the total area of nucleoli, and a significant increase in the number of cells in monolayers were recorded. An increase in mitotic activity was found in comparison with the effects of NOP receptor blocker and OS. NOP receptor blocker exhibited a weak anabolic effect: the number of nucleoli and their total area increased. The study demonstrated preservation of the cytoprotective effect of the non-opiate analogue of leu-enkephalin against the background of NOP receptor blockade. Moreover, according to some indicators, there is a synergistic effect of the NALE peptide and the NOP receptor antagonist J-113397.</p>","PeriodicalId":9331,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Experimental Biology and Medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2026-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147763365","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
I O Panchuk, O V Grigorieva, E V Kurshakova, S E Nagieva, O A Shchagina, O A Levchenko, V O Pozhitnova, E S Voronina, V Yu Tabakov, S A Smirnikhina, A V Lavrov
{"title":"Generation of an Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell Line from a Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy Patient Carrying the DMD p.Ser429Ter (c.1286C>G) Nonsense Mutation.","authors":"I O Panchuk, O V Grigorieva, E V Kurshakova, S E Nagieva, O A Shchagina, O A Levchenko, V O Pozhitnova, E S Voronina, V Yu Tabakov, S A Smirnikhina, A V Lavrov","doi":"10.1007/s10517-026-06671-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10517-026-06671-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>An induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) line was successfully generated from dermal fibroblasts of a patient with Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) harboring the pathogenic nonsense variant c.1286C>G (p.Ser429Ter) in the DMD gene using non-integrating Sendai virus reprogramming. The iPSC clone exhibited typical pluripotent stem cell morphology, expressed key pluripotency markers (OCT4, SSEA4, NANOG, and TRA-1-60), and retained trilineage differentiation potential. The cell line had a normal karyotype, and elimination of reprogramming vectors (OCT3/4, SOX2, KLF4, and c-MYC) was confirmed. This isogenic cell model provides a valuable platform for investigating DMD pathogenesis associated with this specific mutation and for developing targeted therapeutic approaches, including CRISPR/Cas9-mediated gene correction.</p>","PeriodicalId":9331,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Experimental Biology and Medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2026-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147762787","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Tumor Cell Lines as a Biosensor Substrate for Pathological Aging and CNS Tumors.","authors":"V V Kudelkina, A M Kosyreva, E A Miroshnichenko","doi":"10.1007/s10517-026-06657-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10517-026-06657-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Primary screening of the sera from aging Wistar rats and animals with high-grade gliomas was performed using the following cell lines: Gasser's node neuroma (NGUK, trigeminal schwannoma) and high-grade glioma 11-9-2. Targeted analysis of the transcripts of the marker genes S100b (involved in nervous system homeostasis and damage), Sox2 (stemness marker), and Mki67 (proliferation marker), along with mitotic cell counting revealed statistically significant differences in transcriptional activity between the groups. This initial assessment of the sensitivity of cell lines to sera from animals with CNS pathology indicates its potential for further detailed development as a biosensor test system.</p>","PeriodicalId":9331,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Experimental Biology and Medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2026-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147763116","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
K M Korytov, V I Dubrovina, A B Pyatyidesyatnikova, D D Bryukhova, N O Kiseleva, E A Kuzina, S V Balakhonov
{"title":"The Role of Polymorphism of HLA Class II Genes in Postvaccination Plague Immunity.","authors":"K M Korytov, V I Dubrovina, A B Pyatyidesyatnikova, D D Bryukhova, N O Kiseleva, E A Kuzina, S V Balakhonov","doi":"10.1007/s10517-026-06656-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10517-026-06656-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We evaluated the association of alleles of human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class II genes and the levels of secretion of IL-4 and IFNγ in the blood of individuals vaccinated/revaccinated with a live plague vaccine and living in the Gorno-Altai high-mountain and Tuvinian mountain natural plague foci. Significant differences were identified in the blood content of IL-4 and IFNγ in volunteers with different variants of alleles in the HLA-DRB1, HLA-DQA1, and HLA-DQB1 loci, which indicates a substantial influence of their polymorphism on the immunological reactivity during specific plague prevention. Further research within the framework of immunological monitoring of the population living in plague-endemic territories will allow identifying the features of the influence of polymorphism of HLA class II genes on the formation of post-vaccination anti-plague immunity in humans.</p>","PeriodicalId":9331,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Experimental Biology and Medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2026-04-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147763002","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A A Balakina, A D Podgurskaya, V A Mumyatova, T S Stupina, T R Prikhodchenko, O S Suvorova, S V Blokhina, S Ya Gadomsky, D V Mishchenko
{"title":"Potential of Antioxidant and Cardioprotective Activity of a New Pyridoxine and Fumaric Acid Derivative as an Inductor of Transcription Factor Nrf2.","authors":"A A Balakina, A D Podgurskaya, V A Mumyatova, T S Stupina, T R Prikhodchenko, O S Suvorova, S V Blokhina, S Ya Gadomsky, D V Mishchenko","doi":"10.1007/s10517-026-06667-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10517-026-06667-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The aim of the study was to evaluate the biological activity of a new type of cardioprotectors, activators of Nrf2, based on pyridoxine and fumaric acid derivatives in vitro and in vivo. It was found that di(3-hydroxy-4,5-bis(hydroxymethyl)-2-methylpyridinium) fumarate is an effective activator of Nrf2 transcription factor and exhibits cytoprotective and antioxidant activity in vitro on a cardiomyocyte model. In addition, this compound reduces the cardiotoxic effect of doxorubicin in vivo by suppressing the development of oxidative processes and activating the Nrf2-dependent antioxidant response in the heart. The studied pyridoxine and fumaric acid derivative has high potential as a candidate medication for reducing the side effects of anthracycline antibiotics, as well as for protecting heart cells in various cardiovascular diseases and age-related changes. The revealed effects are of great importance for the development of approaches to designing a new type of cardioprotective compounds, activators of the transcription factor Nrf2.</p>","PeriodicalId":9331,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Experimental Biology and Medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2026-04-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147762983","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Effects of Amygdalin, 6-Shogaol, and Resveratrol on Inhibition of Differentiation of Monocyte-Derived M4 Macrophages: In Silico and In Vitro Studies.","authors":"Mahdaleny, Arleni Bustami, Fadilah, Febriana Catur Iswanti","doi":"10.1007/s10517-026-06654-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10517-026-06654-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study explores a possible therapy for managing atherosclerosis through macrophage modulation induced by CXCL4 receptor activity. Three herbal compounds potentially blocking the CXCL4 receptor, i.e., amygdalin, 6-shogaol, and resveratrol, were tested in silico and in vitro. In silico analysis revealed the highest binding affinity of amygdalin to the CXCL4 receptor. Flow cytometry of peripheral blood mononuclear cells from 11 healthy subjects showed CD36 expression in groups treated with amygdalin, which attested to macrophage differentiation and maturation. ELISA showed increasing TNF-α production associated with enhanced cell phagocytosis, while MMP7 expression decreased, indicating lower molecular adhesion capability. Thus, amygdalin can potentially prevent M4 macrophage development, which plays a role in atherosclerotic plaque instability, though further validation is needed.</p>","PeriodicalId":9331,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Experimental Biology and Medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2026-04-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147762723","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S N Zhdanova, I G Kondratov, O B Ogarkov, S V Kulinich, A V Nesterenko, S Y Oteva, T A Kukhtina, M E Koshcheyev, S N Shugaeva, V V Sinkov, L V Rychkova, L I Kolesnikova
{"title":"SNP-Based Identification of Mycobacterium tuberculosis Strains using TaqMan PCR.","authors":"S N Zhdanova, I G Kondratov, O B Ogarkov, S V Kulinich, A V Nesterenko, S Y Oteva, T A Kukhtina, M E Koshcheyev, S N Shugaeva, V V Sinkov, L V Rychkova, L I Kolesnikova","doi":"10.1007/s10517-026-06655-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10517-026-06655-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Within the WHO framework of genomic epidemiological surveillance of tuberculosis, we have developed a panel of primers and TaqMan probes for PCR-based identification of SNPs in major epidemiological genotypes of Mycobacterium tuberculosis responsible for the spread of MDR/XDR strains in North Eurasia. Validation was performed on a dataset of 590 randomly selected strains circulating in the Krasnoyarsk Krai and Irkutsk region in 2021-2025. We identified 308 and 164 Beijing (L2) strains in the Krasnoyarsk and Irkutsk regions, respectively. The identified Beijing (L2) genotypes included B0/W148 (19 and 76); Central Asian (85 and 47) and its Central Asian Outbreak subtype (12 and 25); and orphan L2 genotypes (14 and 16). We also revealed 88 and 30 Euro-American (L4) strains in the Krasnoyarsk Krai and Irkutsk region, respectively. The identified L4 genotypes included Haarlem (9 and 6); LAM (35 and 7); Ural (19 and 5); S (2 and 0); and orphan L4 genotypes (15 and 12). We developed an approach employing two PCR to discriminate the principal M. tuberculosis genotype set into L2 and L4 lineages covering over 99% of all tuberculosis strains circulating in Russian Federation and other North Eurasian countries. Within the proposed framework, the required and sufficient number of PCR for genotyping and in-depth subtyping does not exceed eight. The feasibility of developing tests for further subtyping of epidemiological M. tuberculosis genotypes is discussed.</p>","PeriodicalId":9331,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Experimental Biology and Medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2026-04-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147762957","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
G A Fursa, A I Mukhina, A V Chadin, T V Kuznetsova, A D Voronova, E K Karsuntseva, V S Shishkina, A A Stepanenko, I V Reshetov, O V Stepanova, V P Chekhonin
{"title":"Study of Transplantation of Preparations Based on Fibrin Hydrogel and Olfactory Ensheathing Cells for Experimental Therapy of Spinal Cord Injuries.","authors":"G A Fursa, A I Mukhina, A V Chadin, T V Kuznetsova, A D Voronova, E K Karsuntseva, V S Shishkina, A A Stepanenko, I V Reshetov, O V Stepanova, V P Chekhonin","doi":"10.1007/s10517-026-06668-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10517-026-06668-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Hydrogel cell therapy is a promising area of treatment for spinal cord cysts. The results of the development of a product based on fibrin gel with olfactory ensheathing cells are presented. It has been shown that transplantation of cells in the gel to rats with experimental contusion injury of the spinal cord has a positive effect on the locomotor activity of animals and morphometric parameters of the cyst. Fibrin gel can act as a carrier of olfactory ensheathing cells during transplantation into a spinal cord cyst.</p>","PeriodicalId":9331,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Experimental Biology and Medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2026-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147763017","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}