Nanoscale最新文献

{"title":"Graveyard Effects of Antimicrobial Nanostructured Titanium Over Prolonged Exposure to Drug Resistant Bacteria and Fungi","authors":"Soroosh Gharehgozlo, Aaron Elbourne, Rachel A Caruso, Louisa Z.Y. Huang, Rowan Penman, Rashad Karuiki, Pierre H. A. Vaillant, Zoe L Shaw, Vi Khanh Truong, Jitraporn Vongsvivut","doi":"10.1039/d4nr03238a","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d4nr03238a","url":null,"abstract":"Innovations in nanostructured surfaces have found a practical place in the medical area with use in implant materials for post-operative infection prevention. These textured surfaces should be dual purpose: 1) bactericidal on contact and 2) resistant to biofilm formation over prolonged periods. Here, hydrothermally etched titanium surfaces were tested against two highly antimicrobial resistant microbial species, including methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and Candida albicans. Two surface types – unmodified titanium and nanostructured titanium – were incubated in a suspension of each microbial strain for 1 day and 7 days. Surface topography and cross-sectional information of the microbial cells adhered to the surfaces, along with biomass volume and live/dead rate, showed that while nanostructured titanium was able to kill microbes after 1 day of exposure, after 7 days the rate of death becomes negligible when compared to the unmodified titanium. This suggests that as biofilms mature on a nanostructured surface, the cells that have lysed conceal the nanostructures and prime the surface for planktonic cells to adhere, decreasing the possibility of structure-induced lysis. Synchrotron macro-attenuated total reflection Fourier transform infrared (macro ATR-FTIR) micro-spectroscopy was used to elucidate the biochemical changes occurring following exposure to differing surface texture and incubation duration, providing further understanding into the effects of surface morphology on the biochemical molecules (lipids, proteins and polysaccharides) in an evolving and growing microbial colony.","PeriodicalId":92,"journal":{"name":"Nanoscale","volume":"201 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142825749","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of Different 2D Materials on the Efficacy of Photothermal and Photodynamic Therapy in 3D-Bioprinted Breast Cancer","authors":"Giordano Perini, Antonio Minopoli, Dario F Zambrano, Lishan Cui, Valeria Ferrara, Caterina Perfili, Giulia Artemi, Marco De Spirito, Valentina Palmieri, Andreas Rosenkranz, Massimiliano Papi","doi":"10.1039/d4nr05026f","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d4nr05026f","url":null,"abstract":"The convergence of nanotechnology and tissue engineering has paved the way for innovative cancer treatments that leverage the unique nanomaterials light absorption properties. Indeed, photothermal (PTT) and photodynamic therapy (PDT) utilize nanomaterials to convert near-infrared light into therapeutic energy for cancer treatment. This study focuses on the application of Poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) scaffolds, enhanced by graphene oxide, Ti3C2Tx Mxene, or TiS2 Transition Metal Dichalcogenides for PDT and PTT treatments evaluated within 3D-bioprinted breast cancers. Our scaffolds were designed to exploit the photothermal conversion efficiency and capability to generate reactive oxygen species (ROS) to compare specific features of each 2D material. We demonstrated a reduction in tumor viability under scaffold irradiation, along with the exploration of biological responses to damage such as autophagy and pyroptosis, verifying that these scaffolds can differentially induce these processes depending on the light responsiveness of each material. The integration of these materials within 3D-printed scaffolds does not only enhance the therapeutic efficacy of PTT and PDT, but also offers a precise method to control the cellular environment after therapy, i.e. the tissue regeneration, and antibacterial effects, providing insights into the potential for these technologies to be adapted for personalized medicine for breast cancer treatment and reconstruction.","PeriodicalId":92,"journal":{"name":"Nanoscale","volume":"63 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142832216","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Improvement of weight update and retention characteristics of Pr0.7Ca0.3MnO3-X ECRAM via elevated temperature training","authors":"Chuljun Lee, Seojin Cho, Daeseok Lee","doi":"10.1039/d4nr03264k","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d4nr03264k","url":null,"abstract":"To achieve both excellent analog switching for training and retention for inference simultaneously, we investigated elevated-temperature (ET) training of Pr<small>_0.7</small>Ca<small>_0.3</small>MnO<small>_3-X</small> (PCMO) electrochemical random access memory (ECRAM). Improved weight update characteristics can be obtained by thermally reduced ionic resistivity of the HfO<small>_x</small> electrolyte at ET (413 K). Furthermore, excellent retention characteristics (10<small>⁸</small> s) was confirmed at room temperature, which can be explained by enhanced ion storage within the reservoir (or channel) layer via ET training. By adopting ET training on PCMO ECRAM, we can meet both training and inference accuracy of neural networks (NNs).","PeriodicalId":92,"journal":{"name":"Nanoscale","volume":"248 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142820650","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Festschrift issue of Nanoscale in honour of Santanu Bhattacharya","authors":"Asish Pal, Praveen Kumar Vemula, Shyni Varghese","doi":"10.1039/d4nr90228a","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d4nr90228a","url":null,"abstract":"A graphical abstract is available for this content","PeriodicalId":92,"journal":{"name":"Nanoscale","volume":"5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142815487","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Growth of metal-organic framework ZIF-67 on cellulosic substrates for triboelectric nanogenerators","authors":"Gaurav Khandelwal, Dina Anna John, Daniel Martin Mulvihill, Sang-Jae Kim, Venkateswaran Vivekananthan, Nikolaj Gadegaard","doi":"10.1039/d4nr03909b","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d4nr03909b","url":null,"abstract":"Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are porous crystalline materials with metal ion coordinated to a ligand molecule. Recently, MOFs are explored extensively for energy harvesting via triboelectrification. However, majority of MOFs are brittle and hard to grow, thus leading to poor device stability and flexibility. Herein, growth of ZIF-67 MOF is achieved on the cellulosic filter paper (CFP) and cotton fabric (CF), respectively, to use as the active layer in the TENG. The grown ZIF-67 MOFs were used for the fabrication of CFP-TENG and CF-TENG in vertical contact separation mode. The CF-TENG device shows a high durability with no significant change in the electrical output for a period of 14,000 s. Also, the device generates a maximum electrical output of 60 V and 3 µA with an output power density of 5 mW/m2 at a load resistance of 800 MΩ. The MOF grown on cotton fabric was demonstrated for its robustness by fabricating a contact separation and rotating TENG device. The rotating TENG device produced an output voltage of ∼100 V and current of 3.5 µA, thus confirming the strong adherence of MOFs on the fabric. The CF-TENG was demonstrated for powering electronics via flexible circuits and for biomechanical energy harvesting by utilising finger tapping, hand tapping, jogging and running movements.","PeriodicalId":92,"journal":{"name":"Nanoscale","volume":"91 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142815485","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Two-photon pumped forward, backward and random lasing in a stilbazolium dye nanocomposite solution containing LAPONITE® as a scattering center","authors":"Guang S. He, Sonal Gupta, Richard A. Vaia, Yogesh M. Joshi, Paras N. Prasad","doi":"10.1039/d4nr03552f","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d4nr03552f","url":null,"abstract":"Multiphoton upconversion lasing in scattering gain media has attracted considerable attention in recent years. LAPONITE® is a scattering medium consisting of 2-D nano-discs that can be dispersed as a transparent solution in aqueous media and forms a gel at high concentration. In this paper, we demonstrate two-photon pumped upconversion regular lasing along forward and backward directions as well as random lasing along all other directions. The gain medium was a mixture of PRL-L5 dye solution in DMF with a water solution of LAPONITE® in which LAPONITE® nano-discs of 25–30 nm diameter may form large-size particles of several hundred nanometers due to electrostatic binding between the dye molecules and the LAPONITE® nano-discs, and therefore can produce more efficient scattering feedback for random lasing generation. Using 795 nm and 100 fs laser pulses as two-photon pump sources, we observed random lasing at around 500 nm, characterized by both spectral and temporal narrowing in all directions apart from the traditional (colinear forward/backward) lasing directions. The peak spectral intensity of random lasing is ∼3.4 times higher than the normal fluorescence emission, but 10<small>⁵</small>–10<small>⁶</small> times lower than the traditional forward lasing. This study shows the feasibility of generating both traditional forward/backward and random lasing in a moderately scattering gain medium for applications in diverse fields such as remote sensing, optical communications, and upconversion imaging.","PeriodicalId":92,"journal":{"name":"Nanoscale","volume":"21 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142815483","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Graphene or MoS2 nanopores: pore adhesion and protein linearization","authors":"Peijia Wei, Mayukh Kansari, Maria Fyta","doi":"10.1039/d4nr03966a","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d4nr03966a","url":null,"abstract":"Nanopores drilled in materials can electrophoretically drive charged biomolecules in order to detect these. Here, we explore and compare two dimensional nanopores, graphene and MoS<small>₂</small>, in order to unravel their advantages and disadvantages in view of protein detection. We tune the protein translocation and its dynamics by the choice and concentration of the surrounding solvent. For this, we use a typical monovalent salt solution, as well as a molecular solution. We assess, with the aid of atomistic simulations, the efficiency of both nanopores in threading the protein on the basis of measurable ionic current signals. In the case of graphene the protein adheres on the graphene surface hindering the translocation in physiological conditions. This stickiness is resolved with the addition of a denaturant by the formation of a hydrophilic-cationic layer on the pore surface and the protein can thread the pore in a linearized configuration. On the other hand, the MoS<small>₂</small> nanopore can thread the protein also in a physiological solution leading to slower passage times, while the degree of protein linearization is lower than in the case of graphene in a molecular solution. We analyze the differences of the two nanopore materials on the basis of the complex molecular interactions between all components, the material, the target protein, and the solvent.We discuss the relevance of the results with respect to controlling the protein dynamics and enhancing the read-out ionic signals in view of an efficient detection of proteins through 2D nanopores.","PeriodicalId":92,"journal":{"name":"Nanoscale","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142809574","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"nano-spherical probe, 2D Van der Waals Heterostructures, photoluminescence, nanoscale cleaning, TMD surface morphology.","authors":"Xiaolei Ding, Boshi Qiao, Paul C. Uzoma, Muhammad Abid Anwar, Chen Yuxuan, Lansheng Zhang, Yang Xu, Huan Hu","doi":"10.1039/d4nr03583f","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d4nr03583f","url":null,"abstract":"Two-dimensional materials and their heterostructures have significant potential for future developments in materials science and optoelectronics due to their unique properties. However, their fabrication and transfer process often introduce impurities and contaminants that degrade their intrinsic qualities. To address this issue, current atomic force microscopy (AFM) probe contact mode methods provide a solution by allowing in-situ cleaning and real-time observation of the nanoscale cleaning process. Nevertheless, existing pyramidal probes may scratch surfaces and damage heterostructures during force application. Therefore, we proposed a method based on the nano-spherical probe contact mode to clean residual and polymer contamination for minimum damage cleaning of MoS2/hBN substrates. Comparative experiments with pyramidal probes in 2DM morphology and photoluminescence (PL) have shown that nano-spherical probes are exceptionally effective in cleaning bubbles of various sizes, compared to uncleaned MoS2, where PL full width at half maximum (FWHM) averages 0.115 eV, nano-spherical probes reduce it by 30% to 0.08 eV. Pyramidal probes, however, only clean smaller bubbles and leave residuals in larger ones, resulting in less optimal PL mapping data with values in both the 0.09 eV and 0.0115 eV regions. We also collected the standard deviation of the FWHM data points for the uncleaned region and the regions cleaned by the pyramidal and nano-spherical probes, which were 0.02773, 0.01895, and 0.00531, respectively. Notably, the standard deviation of the FWHM in the nano-spherical probe-cleaned region is only 28% of that in the pyramidal probe-cleaned region. Then, increasing the applied force leads to damage in the crystal structure, resulting in potential inconsistencies across different areas, as evidenced by KPFM and SEM observations. In contrast, nano-spherical probes demonstrate a uniform potential in KPFM and consistently maintain a smooth surface morphology in SEM throughout the process. This approach highlights the potential of nano-spherical probes to advance minimum-damage cleaning techniques in 2D material research and applications.","PeriodicalId":92,"journal":{"name":"Nanoscale","volume":"39 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142809576","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fabrication and Characterization of ConA conjugated Curcumin loaded Solid Lipid Nanoparticles for Theranostic applications in Lung Cancer","authors":"Vinit Nikwade, Nisha Choudhary, Raghu Solanki, Ashish Patel, Virendra Kumar Yadav, Saleh H. Salmen, Abdullah A. Alarfaj, Mohammad Javed Ansari, Vivekanand Chatap","doi":"10.1039/d4nr03157a","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d4nr03157a","url":null,"abstract":"The main issues with current or traditional cancer therapy delivery systems include a lack of selectivity towards tumors, causing harm to healthy cells, low efficiency in loading drugs, and the inability to visually track the drug's localization after administration. These limitations negatively impact the effectiveness of therapy and result in increased treatment costs. Furthermore, conventional cancer therapies typically target tumor cells through a single mechanism, which eventually leads to the emergence of drug resistance. Concanavalin A is plant lectin derived from the jack beans has ability to recognise cells which can be used as the efficient targeting agent in cancer therapy. In the current study, the effectiveness of solid lipid nanoparticles (SLN) loaded with curcumin (CU) and conjugated with ConA has been examined in fighting against A549 human lung cancer cells, with a focus on their anticancer properties. This novel strategy allows for targeted delivery, sustained release, and specific recognition of cancer cells. To verify the successful bonding of ConA to SLNs, we conducted a comparison of the FTIR spectra between the synthesized Cur-SLN and ConA-SLN and their respective precursors. Additionally, we employed various techniques such as XRD (x-ray diffraction), DSC (differential scanning calorimetry), TGA (thermogravimetric analysis), SEM (scanning electron microscopy), particle size analysis, and other methods to examine the surface morphology and viability of SLNs. The present In vitro study of drug release revealed sustained release pattern from the ConA-SLNs. The utilization of targeted nanoparticles resulted in a notable increase in the anticancer effectiveness of curcumin, as demonstrated through an anti-proliferation assay. The positive findings from this research indicate that directing nanomedicines towards carbohydrate structures that are overexpressed through lectin (ConA) mediated delivery in lung cancer.","PeriodicalId":92,"journal":{"name":"Nanoscale","volume":"61 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142809577","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Watching lanthanide nanoparticles one at a time: characterization of their photoluminescence dynamics at the single nanoparticle level","authors":"Malavika Kayyil Veedu, Gemma Lavilley, Mohamadou Sy, Joan Goetz, Loïc J. Charbonniere, Jerome Wenger","doi":"10.1039/d4nr02988g","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d4nr02988g","url":null,"abstract":"Lanthanide nanoparticles (LnNPs) feature sharp emission lines together with millisecond emission lifetimes which makes them promising luminescent probes for biosensing and bioimaging. Although LnNPs are gathering a large interest, their photoluminescence properties at the single nanoparticle level remain largely unexplored. Here, we employ fluorescence correlation spectroscopy (FCS) and photoluminescence burst analysis to investigate the photodynamics of Sm and Eu-based LnNPs with single nanoparticle sensitivity and microsecond resolution. By recording the photoluminescence intensity and the number of contributing LnNPs, we compute the photoluminescence brightness per individual nanoparticle, and estimate the actual number of emitting centers per nanoparticle. Our approach overcomes the challenges associated with ensemble-averaged techniques and provides insights into LnNP photodynamics. Moreover, we demonstrate our microscope capability to detect and analyze LnNPs at the single nanoparticle level, monitoring both photoluminescence brightness and burst duration. These findings expand our understanding of LnNPs and pave the way for their advanced biosensing applications at the single nanoparticle level.","PeriodicalId":92,"journal":{"name":"Nanoscale","volume":"141 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142809578","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}