Nanoscale最新文献

{"title":"A review on polyimide-based structures for regulating the electromagnetic absorption and reflection","authors":"Zongtao Li, Zhaoshu Cai, Chaofan Qu, Jiasheng Li","doi":"10.1039/d5nr02826d","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d5nr02826d","url":null,"abstract":"The research of multifunctional materials capable of maintaining stable shielding performance has become crucial to safeguard the operational integrity of aerospace systems. Incorporating conductive and magnetic fillers into heat and chemical resistant polyimide, combined with innovative structural design, has become a research hotspot for preparing electromagnetic shielding and stealth conductive composites with efficient electromagnetic absorption and reflection properties. This review provides the first systematic summary of the research on polyimide-based electromagnetic shielding and stealth composite materials. It firstly introduces electromagnetic shielding mechanisms of reflection, absorption and multiple reflection as well as key performance indicators such as conductivity, electromagnetic interference shielding efficiency and power coefficient. Then the review focuses on the design and preparation strategies of polyimide-based shielding materials with different structures as films, foams and fabrics. Through collaborative design of carbon-based materials, metal nanoparticles and hybrid fillers, and combined with structural innovations in sandwich, multilayered and Janus asymmetric architectures, researchers have achieved breakthrough enhancement in shielding and stealth performance of composite by controlling interfacial impedance matching and the electromagnetic propagation trajectory. Finally, the review also discusses the future opportunities and challenges of polyimide-based composite materials for broadband electromagnetic absorption capabilities in aerospace stealth technologies.","PeriodicalId":92,"journal":{"name":"Nanoscale","volume":"38 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145084218","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The design and construction of Co(OH)2@NiFe-MIL/NFF heterostructure catalyst for efficient and ultrastable water oxidation","authors":"Xianyu Chu, Li Jing, Yixuan Cheng, Yuhan He, Wei Jiang, Yuanyuan Wu, Yantao Sun, Chunbo Liu, Kenyu Cui, Guangbo Che","doi":"10.1039/d5nr03519h","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d5nr03519h","url":null,"abstract":"Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are regarded as intriguing candidates for oxygen evolution reaction (OER) in electrocatalytic water splitting due to their unique intrinsic features. However, the unsatisfactory catalytic activity and stability are the stumbling blocks to practical alkaline water electrolysis application. Herein, a facile strategy is deployed to fabricate heterostructured electrocatalyst composed of Co(OH)2 nanosheets and the in situ produced bimetallic MOF (NiFe-MIL) using ferronickel foam (NFF) as both the metal source and the conductive substrate. The hybrid Co(OH)₂@NiFe-MIL/NFF demonstrates superior OER electrocatalytic activity, achieving a low overpotential of 230 mV (at 10 mA cm⁻²), a minimal Tafel slope of 12.79 mV dec⁻¹, and exceptional long-term stability. The exceptional catalytic activity and stability stem from the synergistic effect of heterogeneous interfacial structure and multiple active sites. The work establishes a novel paradigm for designing advanced electrocatalysts through rational manipulation of electronic structure.","PeriodicalId":92,"journal":{"name":"Nanoscale","volume":"3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145084219","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Atomic engineering of trace endogenous Fe within natural clays into a self-supported Fe₁-P single-atom cocatalyst for photocatalytic hydrogen evolution","authors":"Fang Wang, Junqing Wang, Yiming Li, Zhengguo Zhang, Shixiong Min","doi":"10.1039/d5nr03464g","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d5nr03464g","url":null,"abstract":"Mass and cost-effective synthesis of active and stable single-atom cocatalysts is vital for the development of efficient photocatalysts for sustainable H2 evolution from water splitting but remains changeling. In this work, we report on the atomic engineering of trace endogenous Fe within the lattice of natural halloysite nanotubes (HNTs) toward a self-supported Fe₁-P single-atom cocatalyst (Fe₁-P/HNTs) via a facile low-temperature phosphidation method without using external high-purity metal precursors and supports. As a result of the formation of abundant Fe₁-P active sites and the strong self-confinement effect of HNTs, the as-synthesized Fe₁-P/HNTs cocatalyst exhibits high H2 evolution activity and stability in the dye-sensitized systems under visible light. More significantly, the Fe₁-P/HNTs cocatalyst can also efficiently catalyze the H2 evolution when coupled with CdS under visible light, showing its excellent versatility under different applciation scenarios. This work provides a new staggery for the development of cost-effective single-atom cocatalysts by upgrading endogenous metal species within abundant natural resources for sustainable solar H2 evolution.","PeriodicalId":92,"journal":{"name":"Nanoscale","volume":"38 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145084220","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diverse Surface Reconstructions in MAX Phases†","authors":"Mohammad Khazaei, Mohammad Bagheri, Ahmad Ranjbar, Soungmin Bae, Rasoul Khaledialidusti, Yasuhide Mochizuki, Thomas D. Kühne, Ken-ichi Shudo, Hannes Raebiger, Hannu-Pekka Komsa, Hideo Hosono","doi":"10.1039/d5nr02421h","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d5nr02421h","url":null,"abstract":"Surface reconstructions in MAX phases exhibit a complexity comparable to that of semiconductor surfaces, driven by the intricate interactions between their distinct electronic and structural properties. Utilizing first-principles and phonon calculations, we explore various surface reconstructions that may occur on the surfaces of transition metal carbides and nitrides, known as MAX phases, especially when the A-element atoms from group 13 to 16 of the periodic table are positioned in the topmost surface layer. In many MAX phases, such as Ti2AlC, Ti2AlN, Ti2GaC, and Ti2InC, the surface A overlayer exhibits dynamic stability, maintaining a bulk-like hexagonal configuration. Conversely, certain phases possess dynamic instability, as evidenced by soft phonon modes, leading to A overlayer reconstructions that include buckling (e.g., Ti2PbC and Ti2SnC), dimer/trimers (e.g., Ti2PC), tetramers (e.g., Ti2SiC and Ti2GeC), pentagon chains (e.g., Ti2SiC), or Kagome lattices (e.g., Ti2ZnC). Following these surface reconstructions, the surfaces achieve dynamic stability as all soft modes disappear. These reconstructions are associated with energy gains from band splitting due to A−A orbital interactions at low energies and/or the rehybridization of A dangling-bond-like electronic states at the Fermi level. The diversity of surface reconstructions and their connection to electronic properties underscores the intricate nature of surface phenomena in MAX phases.","PeriodicalId":92,"journal":{"name":"Nanoscale","volume":"25 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145084448","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Two-dimensional ferroelectric synaptic devices enabled by diverse coupling mechanisms.","authors":"Youna Huang,Wei Wang,Yang Li,Changjian Li","doi":"10.1039/d5nr02639c","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d5nr02639c","url":null,"abstract":"Two-dimensional (2D) van der Waals (vdW) ferroelectric (FE) materials have recently emerged as promising candidates for advanced synaptic devices in brain-inspired neuromorphic computing systems. These materials retain ferroelectricity down to a few atomic layers, including the monolayer limit. Their unique properties-such as atomically clean surface/interface, mechanical flexibility, and LEGO®-like stacking capability-offer significant advantages for complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS)-compatible fabrication, enabling high integration density, energy-efficient operation, and fast switching speed. Importantly, the intrinsic polarization in 2D ferroelectrics can couple with various physical phenomena, enabling the emulation of complex biological synaptic behaviors. This review provides a comprehensive overview of recent advances in 2D ferroelectric-based synaptic devices, with a particular focus on the role of coupling mechanisms within these materials. Firstly, we introduce the principles of neuromorphic computing, and advantages of 2D ferroelectric materials. Next, we classify 2D ferroelectric materials according to five key types of coupling mechanisms. We then review representative studies on 2D FE-based synaptic devices by analyzing how each coupling mechanism is utilized to achieve synaptic functionality. Finally, we discuss current challenges and prospects for leveraging these coupling mechanisms in synaptic applications. The purpose of this review is to provide a structured understanding of how intrinsic coupling in 2D ferroelectric materials can be utilized for the design of high-performance and biologically inspired synaptic devices.","PeriodicalId":92,"journal":{"name":"Nanoscale","volume":"177 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145083611","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nano-biohybrid systems for targeted delivery of chemotherapeutics","authors":"Yi-Hsuan Ou, Wei Heng Chng, Ram Pravin Kumar Muthuramalingam, Jeremy Liang, Choon Keong Lee, Nicolette Yau, Giorgia Pastorin","doi":"10.1039/d5nr02316e","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d5nr02316e","url":null,"abstract":"Extracellular vesicles, as a form of cell-derived drug delivery systems (DDSs), have emerged as novel alternative to their synthetic counterparts (e.g. liposomes) due to advantages associated with their intrinsic biocompatibility, non-immunogenicity and tissue targeting ability. Nonetheless, the clinical application of these naturally secreted vesicles is still hindered by tedious isolation methods, poor drug loading efficiencies and difficulties in surface functionalization. Our group has conceived a biohybrid DDS, termed nano-Cell Vesicle Technology systems (nCVTs), through the fusion of cellular membranes and synthetic lipids. nCVTs are expected to combine the benefits from both the synthetic lipids and the cellular component. Here, we report the production of doxorubicin (DOX)-loaded nCVTs via thin film rehydration and extrusion, showing high loading efficiency, intrinsic targeting abilities, preferential uptake in cancer cells and superior in vivo anticancer effect than both DOX-loaded liposomes and free drug. With the administration of DOX-loaded nCVTs, we observed an improvement in tumor growth inhibition without any significant cardiac toxicity detected. Taken together, our results suggest the potential of nCVTs to be developed as a promising DDS for targeted delivery of chemotherapeutics.","PeriodicalId":92,"journal":{"name":"Nanoscale","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145077740","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Quantum Dot Antennas for DTE-BODIPY Dyads: Efficient 'on-off' Photoluminescence Switching with a Broad Excitation Spectrum","authors":"Phuong Thao Trinh, Sina Hasenstab, Karola Rück-Braun, Markus Braun, Josef Wachtveitl","doi":"10.1039/d5nr02697k","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d5nr02697k","url":null,"abstract":"A dye-photoswitch dyad (consisting of BODIPY and DTE) has been studied spectroscopically.In this system, the fluorescent dye can be quenched via FRET by closing the photoswitch, resulting in a photomodulated fluorescence. CdSe/ZnS quantum dot (QD)/dyad complexes have been prepared to investigate the suitability of QDs as antennas to extend the excitation range of this system. Illumination experiments show that the photoswitch retains its functionality even after the dyad is attached to the QD surface. Furthermore, photoluminescence (PL) measurements show a very efficient FRET from the QD to the dyad. Transient absorption experiments reveal signals indicative of a direct FRET from the QD to the closed switch and two successive FRET processes -from the QD to the dye and subsequently from the dye to the closed switch. With this integrated spectroscopic approach, we demonstrated that QDs are well suited for enhancing photomodulated fluorescence.TOC GRAPHICS (8 cm x 4 cm)The fluorescence of the BODIPY chromophore can be photomodulated by the thermally stable DTE photoswitch. The efficiency of this photomodulation is increased by the attachment of this dyad to a quantum dot through a cascade of FRET processes.","PeriodicalId":92,"journal":{"name":"Nanoscale","volume":"126 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145077775","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhanced Solid-State Electrochemiluminescence Platform Via Finely-Tuned Thickness Dependent Graphitic Carbon Nitride Nanosheets for Towards Selective Sensing of Glutathione","authors":"Govindha R. Pandi, Arockia Nivethaa Irudayasamy, Shanmugam Senthil Kumar","doi":"10.1039/d5nr03171k","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d5nr03171k","url":null,"abstract":"Compared with conventional luminophores, the metal-free two-dimensional semiconductor like graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4) has emerged as a greener alternative luminophore in electrochemiluminescence (ECL) based biosensing application. Herein, we investigate for the first time the thickness-dependent solid-state ECL studies on graphitic carbon nitride nanosheets (g-C3N4 N.S) modified on glassy carbon electrode by synthesising an environmentally friendly, solvent-free thermal polycondensation method. Systematic spectral and morphological studies confirm that the optimized ratio of melamine to ammonium sulfate produces a precisely tuned thickness of g-C3N4 N.S. Ultrathin g-C3N4 N.S with a thickness of 23 nm exhibits significantly enhanced both anodic and cathodic solid-state ECL intensity without involving any additional co-reactant during electrochemical cycling at ambient conditions of physiological pH -7.4. More precisely, the intensity of cathodic and anodic solid-state ECL of g-C3N4 N.S (thickness 23 nm) is 12 times and 2 times greater than that of bulk g-C3N4, which is due to the g-C3N4 N.S electrocatalytically producing more reactive oxygen species (ROS) via the dissolved oxygen reduction reaction. Interestingly, when K2S2O8 is introduced as an external co-reactant, the same 23 nm thickness g-C3N4 N.S shows an impressive 205-fold increase specifically in cathodic ECL intensity under even nitrogen gas saturated conditions. This effect becomes even more remarkable, reaching a 350-fold increase under oxygen-saturated conditions where both in-situ and ex-situ co-reactants are present in the electrolyte solution and show stable solid-state ECL up to 180 seconds with a color purity of 33.95%. This kind of unique thickness-dependent surface-enhanced g-C3N4 N.S was used as a solid-state ECL platform for the selective detection of reduced glutathione (GSH), as a proof-of-concept experiment. This exceptional ECL probe stands as a testament to unparalleled sensitivity, rapid response times, and unmatched accuracy for GSH concentrations ranging from 1.0×10-6 to 5.0×10-3 M, culminating in a LOD of 43×10-9 M in a human urine sample with good recovery results. This study ignites inspiring insights into revolutionary approaches for quantifying GSH levels in urine, paving the way for significant advancements in non-invasive, stable, accessible alternative medical diagnostics.","PeriodicalId":92,"journal":{"name":"Nanoscale","volume":"76 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145077742","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unraveling Packing-Dependent Surface Potential Contrast in Single-Walled Carbon Nanotube Bundles Network","authors":"Dipak Kumar Goswami, Sovanlal Mondal, Suman Mandal, Ajoy Mandal, Samik Mallik, Shiv Prakash Verma, Riya Sadhukhan, Subhamay Pramanik","doi":"10.1039/d5nr01512j","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d5nr01512j","url":null,"abstract":"The surface potential of single-walled carbon nanotube (SWCNTs) bundles is influenced by various factors, notably their arrangement during packing. Understanding this packing-dependent surface potential entails examining the interactions between individual nanotubes within a bundle and their collective effect on electrostatic properties. Our study delves into investigating the work function of SWCNT bundles, which can be modulated by factors such as the quantity and orientation of attached SWCNTs. Utilizing Kelvin probe force microscopy (KPFM) for characterization, we have observed surface potential, and consequently, the work function of SWCNT bundles varies with height and orientation. Our findings reveal that the surface potential undergoes changes based on the number of SWCNTs within a bundle. Moreover, the combination of parallel and crossed SWCNT bundles leads to distinct alterations in surface potential—an interesting experimental observation. Moreover, our demonstration reveals that applying an external bias to the SWCNT network splits ambient moisture into ions and protons, trapped within potential wells formed by the network of SWCNTs bound via Van der Waals interaction. This mechanism leads to observing a persistent reverse current even after removing the external bias.","PeriodicalId":92,"journal":{"name":"Nanoscale","volume":"35 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145077739","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"In-Plane Anisotropy-Driven Directional Charge Transport in van der Waals p-n Heterojunction","authors":"Rahul Paramanik, Tanima Kundu, Soumik Das, Alexei Barinov, Bikash Das, Bipul Karmakar, Sujan Maity, Mainak Palit, Kapildeb Dolui, Sanjoy K. Mahatha, SUBHADEEP DATTA","doi":"10.1039/d5nr02390d","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d5nr02390d","url":null,"abstract":"Low-symmetry two-dimensional (2D) van der Waals (vdW) materials enable anisotropic charge transport, crucial for polarization-sensitive optoelectronics. In this study, a $p$-GeS/$n$-MoS$_2$ heterostructure diode is investigated, where the anisotropic band dispersion of GeS, revealed by angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy (ARPES), governs directional charge flow. Angle-resolved Raman spectroscopy confirms the crystallographic orientation, and transport measurements in GeS field-effect transistors (FETs) show a mobility anisotropy of $sim 3.4$. The heterojunction exhibits orientation-dependent diode characteristics, anti-ambipolar transport, and a type-II band alignment, leading to anisotropic optoelectronic response. These findings establish a pathway for utilizing electronic anisotropy in vdW heterostructures for energy-efficient rectification.","PeriodicalId":92,"journal":{"name":"Nanoscale","volume":"80 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145077741","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}