{"title":"Role of Nitrogen and Oxygen in the nucleation and growth of Silver Nanoparticles in gas-phase synthesis","authors":"Salomé Trillot, Patrizio Benzo, Sophie Barre, Nathalie Tarrat, Magali Benoit, Kremena Makasheva, Caroline Bonafos","doi":"10.1039/d5nr01526j","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d5nr01526j","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, we synthesized silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) in the gas phase and explored the influence of a small amount of reactive gases on their structural properties. Through a combined approach of transmission electron microscopy (TEM) with atomic resolution and in situ optical emission spectroscopy, we investigated the nucleation mechanisms of silver in the gas phase. Our findings put forward the ion-induced nucleation as mechanisms playing a pivotal role in the significant increase in AgNP surface density observed upon the introduction of a small amount of oxygen (below 0.5%). These results provide key insights into on the impact of reactive gases on nanoparticles formation and underline the mechanism driving their nucleation in plasma environments","PeriodicalId":92,"journal":{"name":"Nanoscale","volume":"21 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144479649","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
NanoscalePub Date : 2025-06-25DOI: 10.1039/d5nr00440c
Zahra Amiri, Parsa Taromi, Keyvan Alavi, Parto Ghahramani, William C. Cho, Marzieh Ramezani Farani, Yun Suk Huh
{"title":"Quantum Dot-Infused Nanocomposites: Revolutionizing Diagnostic Sensitivity","authors":"Zahra Amiri, Parsa Taromi, Keyvan Alavi, Parto Ghahramani, William C. Cho, Marzieh Ramezani Farani, Yun Suk Huh","doi":"10.1039/d5nr00440c","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d5nr00440c","url":null,"abstract":"Quantum dot-infused nanocomposites (QDNCs) represent an innovative breakthrough in diagnostic medicine, offering unparalleled sensitivity and specificity. Due to their size-tunable optical properties, high quantum yield, and photostability, quantum dots (QDs) emerging as pivotal building blocks in the early diagnosis of diseases. Through the integration of QDs into nanocomposites, a significant enhancement in diagnostic capabilities has occurred, facilitating targeted delivery, signal amplification, and multi-functionality. A platform established on such advancements enables the ultra-sensitive detection of biomarkers at the femtomolar level in complex biological media, expanding applications within cancer diagnostics, infectious diseases, and real-time glucose monitoring. QD-based nanocomposites also encompass novel structural designs such as core-shell and hybrid systems that further enhance stability, biocompatibility, and performance in imaging and biosensing. Innovations in surface functionalization and green synthesis methods have surmounted challenges related to toxicity and scalability, thereby rendering these materials more suitable for clinical applications. Furthermore, the integration of QDNCs with artificial intelligence and machine learning is paving the way towards intelligent diagnostic platforms capable of real-time analysis and personalized medicine. This study investigates the engineering of QDNCs, their transformative role in healthcare diagnostics, and their potential to revolutionize point-of-care devices. The capability to address significant translational challenges concerning biocompatibility, toxicity, and scalability will position QD-based technologies to set a new standard for precision diagnostics, ushering in new advancements in global healthcare.","PeriodicalId":92,"journal":{"name":"Nanoscale","volume":"45 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144479392","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Enhanced Dielectric Performance of AFRP via Bidirectional Modification: Fluorinated SiO2 Honeycomb-like Architecture on Fiber Surfaces and Al2O3 Nanoparticle Doping in Resin Matrix","authors":"Jun Xie, Xiaoyu Shi, Guowei Xia, Bobin Xu, Longyin Qiao, Chengming Hu, Qing Xie","doi":"10.1039/d5nr01711d","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d5nr01711d","url":null,"abstract":"As the core component of gas-insulated switchgear (GIS) and ultra-high voltage transmission systems, the reliability of high-performance insulating rods is crucial for system stability. Aramid fiber-reinforced epoxy resin composites (AFRP) have become an ideal material for high-performance insulating rods due to their lightweight properties and high strength. However, the interfacial weakening effect in AFRP, caused by the low surface energy and chemical inertness of aramid fibers (AF), remains a critical technical bottleneck limiting its engineering applications. This study constructs a honeycomb-like surface structure on AF through the synergistic interaction of 1H,1H,2H,2H-perfluorodecyltrimethoxysilane (FDTS) and SiO2 nanoparticles. By incorporating Al2O3 nanoparticles into the epoxy matrix, the interfacial bonding strength and insulation properties of AFRP are synergistically enhanced. The interfacial shear strength and tensile strength of AFRP increased by 123.02% and 129.13%, respectively, while the breakdown field strength improved by 64.45%. Analysis of micro-nano structural characterization reveals that the interfacial enhancement originates from the combined effects of AF surface modification and Al2O3 doping, which optimize interfacial insulation properties through non-bonding interactions introduced by FDTS, SiO2, and Al2O3.","PeriodicalId":92,"journal":{"name":"Nanoscale","volume":"69 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144479629","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Experimental and first principle DFT comprehensions of metal and bimetal modified bismuth titanate for wastewater treatment and CO2 hydrogenation.","authors":"Isha Arora,Seema Garg,Andras Sapi,Mohit Yadav,Zoltán Kónya,Pravin Popinand Ingole,Ajay,Sumant Upadhyay,Amrish Chandra","doi":"10.1039/d5nr01250c","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d5nr01250c","url":null,"abstract":"Incorporating copper (Cu) and silver (Ag) at the bismuth titanate (BT) surface was carried out via hydrolysis method followed by calcination at 700 °C. Modified BT further tested for the photodegradation of a recalcitrant pollutant Bisphenol-A (BPA), followed by the evaluation of photocatalytic hydrogenation of CO2 for selective production of CO and CH4. Photodegradation studies were remarkable in BT doped with both the metals (labelled \"BTCA\") as compared to pristine BT and mono metal modified BT with Cu and Ag. In case of photocatalytic CO2 hydrogenation, BTCA analyte demonstrated a proximal increase in CO2 conversion efficiency, which enhanced up to 39.1% as compared to monometallic doped and pristine BT. CO was the primary product of CO2 reduction, while CH4 was also produced to a lesser level. As CH4 selectivity increased, surface normalised CO2 conversion rates declined. This result was attributed to the difference in the number of electrons required to convert CO2 to CO or CH4. In our previous work of pristine BT, methane selectivity was only 0.1-0.2% of the overall CO2 conversion. Hence, present findings are based on the modification of BT with copper and silver, for the evaluation of electron transfer and abundance for enhanced selectivity for CH4.","PeriodicalId":92,"journal":{"name":"Nanoscale","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144478882","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
NanoscalePub Date : 2025-06-25DOI: 10.1039/d5nr01583a
Dongdong Zhou, Xiaofei Zhang, Gang Yu, Chun Li, Zhengqiang Tang, Kedong Bi
{"title":"Atomistic mechanisms of superlubricity in carbon nanotube heterostructures under linear elastic deformation.","authors":"Dongdong Zhou, Xiaofei Zhang, Gang Yu, Chun Li, Zhengqiang Tang, Kedong Bi","doi":"10.1039/d5nr01583a","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d5nr01583a","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Heterostructures have been introduced to achieve superior performance by assembling low-dimensional van der Waals materials. However, the friction properties of nanohybrids composed of one-dimensional (1D) nanotubes and two-dimensional (2D) materials remain challenging to detect experimentally. Herein, we employ atomic simulations to investigate the relationship between friction and deformation in a sandwich structure, where a single-walled carbon nanotube (SWCNT) is encapsulated between graphene layers. The results demonstrate that the nanotube shape transitions from a circular to oval cross section, and eventually collapses as compressive force increases. In the linear elastic regime, the radial stiffness of SWCNT exhibits an inverse cubic dependence on the nanotube radius (<i>K</i> ∝ 1/<i>R</i><sup>3</sup>). Concurrently, the rolling ratio in the linear elastic deformation regime is described by a cubic equation. As the nanotubes are squeezed into collapsed states, the motion changes from rolling to sliding. The transition of movement is attributed to the competition between strain energy and adhesion energy. The shear stress remains nearly constant during rolling, while it increases proportionally with normal stress under sliding conditions. Our findings provide deep insights into the linear elastic properties of nanotubes, contributing to their potential applications in reinforced composite materials and the design of rolling superlubricity for nano-electro-mechanical system (NEMS) devices.</p>","PeriodicalId":92,"journal":{"name":"Nanoscale","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144482616","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
NanoscalePub Date : 2025-06-24DOI: 10.1039/d5nr01313e
Clara Garcia-Sacristan, Ricardo Garcia
{"title":"Time-lapsed nanoscale maps of the elastic modulus of collagen during cross-linking by bimodal AFM","authors":"Clara Garcia-Sacristan, Ricardo Garcia","doi":"10.1039/d5nr01313e","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d5nr01313e","url":null,"abstract":"Collagen is the most abundant structural protein in mammals. Collagen in tissues is exposed to cross-linking processes such as glycation which might cause progressive tissue stiffening. Tissue stiffening might be considered a landmark of aging. Yet a quantitative characterization of the elastic modulus of collagen nanofibers under different cross-linking processes and stages is not available. Bimodal AFM was applied to generate time-lapsed maps of Young's modulus of type I collagen nanoribbons under two cross-linking processes associated, respectively, with the presence of ribose and glutaraldehyde in the solution. Elastic modulus maps were acquired for different incubation times (0, 30 min, 12 h, 24 h and 1 week). The experiments were performed in liquid. The Young's modulus showed an initial sharp increase after an incubation time of 30 min, from a few MPa (native) to 100 MPa. From then onwards we measured a monotonic increase until a saturation value of about 2 GPa was reached after one week. We did not observe a dependence on the elastic modulus evolution using ribose <em>versus</em> glutaraldehyde. The saturation value was very similar to that measured on dry collagen nanoribbons.","PeriodicalId":92,"journal":{"name":"Nanoscale","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144479467","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
NanoscalePub Date : 2025-06-24DOI: 10.1039/d5nr00788g
Maria Yakovtseva,Anastasia Kurtova,Roman Melikov,Nikita Chernov,Artem Sizikov,Victoria Shipunova,Maxim Nikitin
{"title":"Magnetic metal-organic frameworks as an antisense delivery platform and their performance in a cell-free protein expression system.","authors":"Maria Yakovtseva,Anastasia Kurtova,Roman Melikov,Nikita Chernov,Artem Sizikov,Victoria Shipunova,Maxim Nikitin","doi":"10.1039/d5nr00788g","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d5nr00788g","url":null,"abstract":"Nanosized metal-organic frameworks (nMOF) have become one of the most promising classes of drug delivery vehicles due to their high load capacity, controllable drug release, and potential for transporting multiple payloads. Magnetic nMOFs, composed of a magnetic core and MOF coating, can further enhance their functionality through remote control using an external magnetic field. However, only a few studies have investigated the potential toxicity of magnetic nMOFs and the effects of their degradation on cellular machinery and the translation process. Here we show magnetic MOFs that: (i) regulate gene expression through antisense payload delivery; (ii) do not inhibit protein synthesis. We harness a cell-free protein system, CFPS, to investigate gene expression under more controlled conditions compared to traditional cell-based systems. Our findings demonstrate that magnetic nMOFs, with a magnetite core and a MIL-100(Fe) shell, do not inhibit protein translation upon degradation, and nMOFs loaded with antisense oligonucleotides can suppress protein translation by up to 87%. Furthermore, the magnetic nature of nMOFs ensured the fine-tuning of gene expression through remote control via a magnetic field without any additions to the CFPS system, thus offering an additional modality for the \"on/off\" control of cell-free protein synthesis. Considering the promising characteristics of nMOFs as delivery systems with minimal side effects, we anticipate their use in cutting-edge synthetic biology, biomedical applications, and the creation of the next generation of theranostic agents.","PeriodicalId":92,"journal":{"name":"Nanoscale","volume":"19 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144370419","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Electrochemical analysis of flexible symmetric supercapacitors using WSe2@graphite thin film electrodes under different pH conditions.","authors":"Akshay Tomar,Nitesh Choudhary,Radhika Jain,Dushyant Chaudhary,Gaurav Malik,Sheetal Issar,Ramesh Chandra","doi":"10.1039/d5nr01328c","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d5nr01328c","url":null,"abstract":"A key focus of this research is to investigate the influence of electrolyte pH on the supercapacitive performance of a flexible symmetric supercapacitor (SS) based on WSe2@graphite composite electrodes. To represent distinct pH environments, three aqueous electrolytes, namely H2SO4 (acidic), NaOH (basic), and Na2SO4 (neutral), were selected. A range of standard characterization methods, including X-ray diffraction (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), atomic force microscopy (AFM), and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), were employed to validate the successful fabrication and integrity of the supercapacitive electrode. Electrochemical performance was evaluated through cyclic voltammetry (CV), galvanostatic charge-discharge (GCD) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), elucidating the charge storage behaviour of the device at different pH levels. As a result, the fabricated SS device exhibited an impressive electrochemical potential window of 2 V (0 to +2 V) across all electrolytic systems, demonstrating excellent operational stability and pH adaptability. Among the tested electrolytes, the acidic H2SO4 electrolyte demonstrated the highest performance, achieving a high areal capacitance of 123.73 mF cm-2 and an energy density of 68.73 μWh cm-2 at a current density of 1 mA cm-2. Furthermore, the device demonstrated reliable cycling stability, retaining approximately 78.69% of its initial capacitance after 5000 consecutive GCD cycles. These results highlight the critical role of electrolyte pH in tailoring supercapacitor performance and provide valuable insights into the design of high-performance, flexible symmetric supercapacitors through strategic electrolyte selection.","PeriodicalId":92,"journal":{"name":"Nanoscale","volume":"101 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144370418","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
NanoscalePub Date : 2025-06-24DOI: 10.1039/d5nr01312g
Li Peng, Wei Ma, Liwei Zhang, Siming Liu, Kai Han, Baihua Chen
{"title":"Graphene Oxide/Niobium Carbide MXene Composite-Based Functional Nanocomposite Scaffold for Artificial Cornea","authors":"Li Peng, Wei Ma, Liwei Zhang, Siming Liu, Kai Han, Baihua Chen","doi":"10.1039/d5nr01312g","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d5nr01312g","url":null,"abstract":"Artificial cornea offers the only hope to end-stage cornea disease patient. A highly desirable artificial cornea requires high mechanical strength, good biocompatibility, sufficient durability to withstand hostile environment and possesses specific biological activities. This study reports the physical characteristics, cytocompatibility, and biocompatibility of nanocomposite by graphene oxide and niobium carbide MXene (GO/Nb2C) used in normal rabbit cornea and corneal alkali burn model. Nanoindentation and long-term corrosion assay in combination with atomic force and scanning electron microscopy were used to study mechanical properties and corrosion resistance. In vitro biocompatibility was evaluated based on the survival, proliferation, and attachment of human corneal stromal cells. In vivo stability and host tissue responses were conducted using GO/Nb2C scaffolds implanted inside rabbit corneas and in a vivo corneal alkali burn model. Fibrosis index Hsp47, FN, and a-SMA were negative. Furthermore, IL-2 and IL-6 were downregulated, along with oxidative stress indices in the rabbit cornea after implanting GO/Nb2C scaffolds. In vivo corneal alkali burns model, IF indicated GO/ Nb2C scaffolds decreased CD11b expression around surgical area. The GO/Nb2C scaffolds have significantly high biocompatibility with biological activity, safety, efficacy, antioxidative stress, and anti-inflammatory property. This promising bioactivity corneal scaffold provides new ideas for constructing a functional scaffold of artificial cornea.","PeriodicalId":92,"journal":{"name":"Nanoscale","volume":"21 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144479650","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
NanoscalePub Date : 2025-06-24DOI: 10.1039/d5nr00765h
Baptiste Maillot, Haroon Rashid, Roxanne Bercy, Jean Frédéric Audibert, Manuel J. Llansola-Portoles, Isabelle LERAY, Fabien Miomandre, Vitor Brasiliense
{"title":"Nanometrology assisted chemical fabrication: direct laser writing of porphyrins onto complex surfaces.","authors":"Baptiste Maillot, Haroon Rashid, Roxanne Bercy, Jean Frédéric Audibert, Manuel J. Llansola-Portoles, Isabelle LERAY, Fabien Miomandre, Vitor Brasiliense","doi":"10.1039/d5nr00765h","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d5nr00765h","url":null,"abstract":"The association of operando monitoring methodologies with micro and nanoscale surface modification strategies has recently been shown to enable the preparation of complex yet highly precise organic functional surfaces. While promissing, such demonstrations have so far been limited to model systems, consisting on minimally functionalized aryl radicals. With a growing demand for more sophisticated surfaces, bearing multiple functions, a demonstration of the generality of the strategy to chemically complex moieties and surfaces is deeply needed. In this work, we aim to fill this gap by preparing tetraphenyl porphyrin derivatives modified to become radical precursors that can be activated with light. Operando optical monitoring is used to non-invasively analyze their grafting behavior in different conditions, optimizing the routes to enable modification of inert glass surfaces with high precision (30 atto L). We demonstrate that the methodology is compatible with direct laser writing technologies, and use it to prepare photophysically active surfaces with high resolution. We demonstrate that the instrinsic emissive properties of Tetraphenylporphyrin derivatives are well preserved, and that several surface modifing steps can be sequentially stacked, leading to the preparation of surfaces with mulitple functions. By controlling the microscale distribution of chemical groups with different photophysical properties, we demonstrate that complex chemical designs can be readily and reliably implemented. This work therefore shows that light activated radical pathways can be broadly used to modify surfaces, opening interesting new perspectives for the implementation of functional materials.","PeriodicalId":92,"journal":{"name":"Nanoscale","volume":"636 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144370819","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}