British medical bulletin最新文献_第8页

A review of COVID vaccines: success against a moving target. COVID - 19疫苗综述:成功应对移动目标

IF 6.7 2区医学

British medical bulletin Pub Date : 2022-12-12 DOI: 10.1093/bmb/ldac025

S H Chong, L A Burn, T K M Cheng, I S Warr, J C Kenyon

{"title":"A review of COVID vaccines: success against a moving target.","authors":"S H Chong, L A Burn, T K M Cheng, I S Warr, J C Kenyon","doi":"10.1093/bmb/ldac025","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/bmb/ldac025","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Multiple vaccine platforms against COVID-19 have been developed and found safe and efficacious at a record speed. Although most are effective, they vary in their ease of production and distribution, their potential speed of modification against new variants, and their durability of protection and safety in certain target groups.Sources of data: Our discussion is based on published reports of clinical trials and analyses from national and global health agencies.Areas of agreement: The production of neutralizing antibodies against the viral spike protein is protective, and all vaccines for which published data exist have been found to be effective against severe disease caused by the viral strain they target.Areas of controversy: The degree to which vaccines protect against emerging variants, moderate disease and asymptomatic infection remains somewhat unclear.Growing points: Knowledge of the duration of protection and its decay is increasing, and discussions of booster frequency and target strains are ongoing.Areas timely for developing research: The global effort to combat transmission and disease continues to rely upon intense epidemiological surveillance, whilst real-world data and clinical trials shape vaccination schedules and formulae.","PeriodicalId":9280,"journal":{"name":"British medical bulletin","volume":"144 1","pages":"12-44"},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2022-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10783783","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

The use of long head biceps tendon autograft for massive rotator cuff tears: a PRISMA compliant systematic review. 自体长头二头肌腱移植治疗肩袖大面积撕裂：符合PRISMA的系统综述。

IF 6.7 2区医学

British medical bulletin Pub Date : 2022-12-12 DOI: 10.1093/bmb/ldac021

Rocco Aicale, Nicola Poeta, Eugenio Savarese, Giulio Bernardini, Francesco Oliva, Nicola Maffulli

{"title":"The use of long head biceps tendon autograft for massive rotator cuff tears: a PRISMA compliant systematic review.","authors":"Rocco Aicale, Nicola Poeta, Eugenio Savarese, Giulio Bernardini, Francesco Oliva, Nicola Maffulli","doi":"10.1093/bmb/ldac021","DOIUrl":"10.1093/bmb/ldac021","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Rotator cuff tears (RCT) are a common cause of shoulder pain and disability, with massive RCT accounting for 10-40% of all rotator cuff tears.Sources of data: A systematic search of PubMed and Scopus electronic databases was performed up to August 2022, and a total of 17 scientific articles were included in the present PRISMA compliant systematic review.Areas of agreement: Understanding the geometric patterns in RCT is essential to achieve appropriate repositioning of the injured tendons in their anatomic location. The long head of the biceps tendon (LHBT) is usually exposed when defects of the anterolateral corner are present and can be easily used to augment rotator cuff repairs.Areas of controversy: There are no definite guideline regarding the management of massive rotator cuff tears.Growing points: The use of LHBT graft is safe and effective, but technically demanding. All studies were level IV articles of medium to high quality.Areas timely for developing research: Prospective long term follow-up studies and randomized controlled trials are needed, adding imaging evaluation and appropriate clinical outcome measures at follow-up.","PeriodicalId":9280,"journal":{"name":"British medical bulletin","volume":"144 1","pages":"76-89"},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2022-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10409590","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Corrigendum to: MicroRNA in osteoarthritis: physiopathology, diagnosis and therapeutic challenge. Corrigendum to：骨关节炎中的微RNA：生理病理、诊断和治疗挑战。

IF 6.7 2区医学

British medical bulletin Pub Date : 2022-12-12 DOI: 10.1093/bmb/ldz021

Antonio Oliviero, Giovanna Della Porta, Giuseppe M Peretti, Nicola Maffulli

引用次数: 3

COVID-19 and the heart. COVID-19和心脏。

IF 6.7 2区医学

British medical bulletin Pub Date : 2022-12-12 DOI: 10.1093/bmb/ldac022

Roman Roy, Benedict McDonaugh, Kevin O'Gallagher

引用次数: 2

Call for emergency action to limit global temperature increases, restore biodiversity, and protect health. 呼吁采取紧急行动，限制全球气温上升，恢复生物多样性，保护健康。

IF 6.7 2区医学

British medical bulletin Pub Date : 2022-09-22 DOI: 10.1093/bmb/ldab020

Lukoye Atwoli, Abdullah H Baqui, Thomas Benfield, Raffaella Bosurgi, Fiona Godlee, Stephen Hancocks, Richard Horton, Laurie Laybourn-Langton, Carlos Augusto Monteiro, Ian Norman, Kirsten Patrick, Nigel Praities, Marcel G M Olde Rikkert, Eric J Rubin, Peush Sahni, Richard Smith, Nick Talley, Sue Turale, Damián Vázquez

{"title":"Call for emergency action to limit global temperature increases, restore biodiversity, and protect health.","authors":"Lukoye Atwoli, Abdullah H Baqui, Thomas Benfield, Raffaella Bosurgi, Fiona Godlee, Stephen Hancocks, Richard Horton, Laurie Laybourn-Langton, Carlos Augusto Monteiro, Ian Norman, Kirsten Patrick, Nigel Praities, Marcel G M Olde Rikkert, Eric J Rubin, Peush Sahni, Richard Smith, Nick Talley, Sue Turale, Damián Vázquez","doi":"10.1093/bmb/ldab020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/bmb/ldab020","url":null,"abstract":"Editor in Chief, East African Medical Journal; Editor in Chief, Journal of Health, Population and Nutrition; Editor in Chief, Danish Medical Journal; Editor in Chief, PLOS Medicine; Editor in Chief, The BMJ; Editor in Chief, British Dental Journal; Editor in Chief, The Lancet; Senior Adviser, UK Health Alliance on Climate Change; Editor in Chief, Revista de Saúde Pública; Editor in Chief, International Journal of Nursing Studies; Interim Editor in Chief, CMAJ; Executive Editor, Pharmaceutical Journal; Editor in Chief, Dutch Journal of Medicine; Editor in Chief, NEJM; Editor in Chief, National Medical Journal of India; Chair, UK Health Alliance on Climate Change; Editor in Chief, Medical Journal of Australia; Editor in Chief, International Nursing Review; and Editor in Chief, Pan American Journal of Public Health","PeriodicalId":9280,"journal":{"name":"British medical bulletin","volume":"143 1","pages":"30-34"},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2022-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9494251/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39404992","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Efficacy and safety of drugs used for 'assisted dying'. 用于“协助死亡”的药物的有效性和安全性。

IF 6.7 2区医学

British medical bulletin Pub Date : 2022-07-09 DOI: 10.1093/bmb/ldac009

Ana Worthington,Ilora Finlay,Claud Regnard

{"title":"Efficacy and safety of drugs used for 'assisted dying'.","authors":"Ana Worthington,Ilora Finlay,Claud Regnard","doi":"10.1093/bmb/ldac009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/bmb/ldac009","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND'Assisted dying' is practiced in some European countries and US states. Legislation suggests that there exists an easily prescribed drug which consistently brings about death quickly and painlessly. Evidence from jurisdictions where 'assisted dying' is practiced, however, reveals that hastening patient death is not so simple.SOURCES OF DATAThis report is a collation of assisted suicide and euthanasia drug protocols published by the Canadian Association of MAiD Assessors and Providers and the Royal Dutch Medical Association, annual data reports from the USA and Canada and relevant academic publications pertaining to methods of 'assisted dying' in the USA, Belgium, Canada and Switzerland.AREAS OF AGREEMENTA wide variety of lethal drug combinations are used for people who want their life ended, and the prevalence of complications and failures in intentionally ending life suggest that 'assisted dying' applicants are at risk of distressing deaths.AREAS OF CONTROVERSYThe efficacy and safety of 'assisted dying' drugs are currently difficult to assess, as clinician reporting is often very low.GROWING POINTSThe findings from this report reveal that little attention has been given to the problem of unmonitored prescribing and administering of lethal drug combinations, whose mode of action is unclear.AREAS TIMELY FOR DEVELOPING RESEARCHIn order to properly assess the efficacy and safety of 'assisted dying', a more thorough means of data collection regarding the drugs used must be implemented and research is urgently needed into their mode of action.","PeriodicalId":9280,"journal":{"name":"British medical bulletin","volume":"71 9","pages":"15-22"},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2022-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138508252","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4

Tackling organ donation among minority ethnic communities in the UK-a whole systems approach. 处理英国少数民族社区的器官捐赠——一个完整的系统方法。

IF 6.7 2区医学

British medical bulletin Pub Date : 2022-07-09 DOI: 10.1093/bmb/ldac008

Gurch Randhawa,Dale Gardiner

{"title":"Tackling organ donation among minority ethnic communities in the UK-a whole systems approach.","authors":"Gurch Randhawa,Dale Gardiner","doi":"10.1093/bmb/ldac008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/bmb/ldac008","url":null,"abstract":"INTRODUCTIONThere are inequalities experienced by minority ethnic groups in the UK in organ donation and transplant services, with significant variation in relation to demand for, access to and waiting times for these services.SOURCES OF DATAA narrative review of research obtained via several databases, including PubMed and Medline, was conducted.AREAS OF AGREEMENTA vision of equity and inclusion, which meets the need of the heterogeneous UK population, can only be realized by adopting a culturally competent approach to systems-wide working in organ donation in four core areas-transplant services; workforce and staff training; diversity and inclusion research; and public engagement.AREAS OF CONTROVERSYMost of the data on the background of organ donors and recipients use general categories such as Asian or Black. We need to progress to a position of more granular data by more specific ethnicity so that we can better understand the trends and target action accordingly.GROWING POINTSBy positively embracing the heterogeneity of the UK population, demand for transplantation can be reduced through a sustained commitment to public health interventions and culturally competent approaches in the management of long-term conditions.AREAS TIMELY FOR DEVELOPING RESEARCHImproved access to transplantation and reduced waiting times can be achieved to increase the number of organ donors from minority ethnic groups if there are concerted and adequately resourced culturally competent interventions with concomitant evaluation programmes.","PeriodicalId":9280,"journal":{"name":"British medical bulletin","volume":"9 1","pages":"4-14"},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2022-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138531675","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Hamstring, bone-patellar tendon-bone, quadriceps and peroneus longus tendon autografts for primary isolated posterior cruciate ligament reconstruction: a systematic review. 腘绳肌、骨-髌肌腱-骨、股四头肌和腓骨长肌腱自体移植物用于原发性孤立后交叉韧带重建:系统回顾。

IF 6.7 2区医学

British medical bulletin Pub Date : 2022-07-09 DOI: 10.1093/bmb/ldac010

Filippo Migliorini,Andrea Pintore,Gianluca Vecchio,Francesco Oliva,Frank Hildebrand,Nicola Maffulli

{"title":"Hamstring, bone-patellar tendon-bone, quadriceps and peroneus longus tendon autografts for primary isolated posterior cruciate ligament reconstruction: a systematic review.","authors":"Filippo Migliorini,Andrea Pintore,Gianluca Vecchio,Francesco Oliva,Frank Hildebrand,Nicola Maffulli","doi":"10.1093/bmb/ldac010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/bmb/ldac010","url":null,"abstract":"INTRODUCTIONSeveral autografts are available to reconstruct the posterior cruciate ligament (PCL).SOURCE OF DATACurrent scientific literature published in PubMed, Google scholar, Embase and Scopus.AREAS OF AGREEMENTHamstring, bone-patellar tendon-bone (BPTB), quadriceps and peroneus longus (PLT) are the most common tendon autografts used for primary isolated PCL reconstruction.AREAS OF CONTROVERSYThe optimal tendon source for PCL reconstruction remains nevertheless debated. Identifying the most suitable tendon autograft could assist the surgeon during primary PCL reconstruction.GROWING POINTSThe present study compared the outcome of PCL reconstruction using hamstring, BPTB, quadriceps and PLT autografts. The focus was on patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs), joint laxity, range of motion and complications.AREAS TIMELY FOR DEVELOPING RESEARCHAll autografts are viable options for PCL reconstruction, with BTB and hamstring autografts demonstrating superior PROMs. However, further clinical investigations are required to determine the ideal autograft construct.","PeriodicalId":9280,"journal":{"name":"British medical bulletin","volume":"70 4","pages":"23-33"},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2022-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138508235","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 6

Antiresorptive treatments for corticosteroid-induced osteoporosis: a Bayesian network meta-analysis 抗吸收治疗皮质类固醇所致骨质疏松症:贝叶斯网络荟萃分析

IF 6.7 2区医学

British medical bulletin Pub Date : 2022-06-01 DOI: 10.1093/bmb/ldac017

F. Migliorini, Giorgia Colarossi, J. Eschweiler, F. Oliva, A. Driessen, N. Maffulli

引用次数: 21

Doctor, I fractured my ankle. When can I return to play? An updated systematic review 医生，我的脚踝骨折了。我什么时候可以回来比赛?最新的系统综述

IF 6.7 2区医学

British medical bulletin Pub Date : 2022-04-30 DOI: 10.1093/bmb/ldac016

A. Sinha, G. Robertson, N. Maffulli

{"title":"Doctor, I fractured my ankle. When can I return to play? An updated systematic review","authors":"A. Sinha, G. Robertson, N. Maffulli","doi":"10.1093/bmb/ldac016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/bmb/ldac016","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Introduction Ankle fractures in sport are common. Their optimal management is unclear, as is when patients can return to their sports activities. This systematic review provides a contemporary assessment of the literature on return to sports following acute traumatic ankle fractures managed both operatively and non-operatively. Sources of data We systematically searched Pubmed, Google Scholar, the Cochrane Library, EMBASE and CINAHL using the terms ‘ankle fractures’, ‘ankle injuries’, ‘athletes’, ‘sports’, ‘return to sport’, ‘return to activity’, ‘operative management’, ‘non-operative management’. Areas of agreement Thirteen retrospective studies fulfilled the inclusion criteria. The methodological quality of the studies was generally poor. The proportion of patients returning to sporting activity was high. In some studies, a quicker return to sporting activity was demonstrated in patients managed non-operatively. Areas of controversy The time to return to sporting activity and level of performance post-treatment are not universally recorded, and the optimal time to return to sport remains to be confirmed. Growing points Conservative management for stable or undisplaced fracture may result in a higher proportion of patients returning to sport more quickly. Areas timely for developing research Randomized controlled trials should compare conservative to surgical treatment for appropriately chosen fracture patterns. Future studies should routinely report the timing of return to sport, the level of performance reached, and the time to achieve this.","PeriodicalId":9280,"journal":{"name":"British medical bulletin","volume":"143 1","pages":"35 - 45"},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2022-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"60843107","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3