British medical bulletin最新文献_第7页

Methods of assessing value for money of UK-based early childhood public health interventions: a systematic literature review. 评估英国儿童早期公共卫生干预措施的金钱价值的方法:系统的文献综述。

IF 6.7 2区医学

British medical bulletin Pub Date : 2023-04-05 DOI: 10.1093/bmb/ldac035

Peter Murphy, Sebastian Hinde, Helen Fulbright, Louise Padgett, Gerry Richardson

{"title":"Methods of assessing value for money of UK-based early childhood public health interventions: a systematic literature review.","authors":"Peter Murphy, Sebastian Hinde, Helen Fulbright, Louise Padgett, Gerry Richardson","doi":"10.1093/bmb/ldac035","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/bmb/ldac035","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Economic evaluation has an important role to play in the demonstration of value for money of early childhood public health interventions; however, concerns have been raised regarding their consistent application and relevance to commissioners. This systematic review of the literature therefore aims to collate the breadth of the existing economic evaluation evidence of these interventions and to identify the approaches adopted in the assessment of value.Source of data: Recently published literature in Medline, EMBASE, EconLit, Health Management Information Consortium, Cochrane CENTRAL, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, Health Technology Assessment, NHS EED and Web of Science.Areas of agreement: The importance of the early childhood period on future health and well-being as well as the potential to impact health inequalities making for a strong narrative case for expenditure in early childhood public health.Areas of controversy: The most appropriate approaches to evaluating value for money of such preventative interventions relevant for UK decision-makers given the evident challenges.Growing points: The presented review considered inconsistencies across methodological approaches used to demonstrate value for money. The results showed a mixed picture in terms of demonstrating value for money.Areas timely for developing research: Future resource allocations decisions regarding early childhood public health interventions may benefit from consistency in the evaluative frameworks and health outcomes captured, as well as consistency in approaches to incorporating non-health costs and outcomes, incorporating equity concerns and the use of appropriate time horizons.","PeriodicalId":9280,"journal":{"name":"British medical bulletin","volume":"145 1","pages":"88-109"},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2023-04-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10075243/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9327362","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Micro RNA in meniscal ailments: current concepts. 半月板疾病中的微RNA:当前概念。

IF 6.7 2区医学

British medical bulletin Pub Date : 2023-04-05 DOI: 10.1093/bmb/ldac039

Filippo Migliorini, Gianluca Vecchio, Riccardo Giorgino, Jörg Eschweiler, Frank Hildebrand, Nicola Maffulli

{"title":"Micro RNA in meniscal ailments: current concepts.","authors":"Filippo Migliorini, Gianluca Vecchio, Riccardo Giorgino, Jörg Eschweiler, Frank Hildebrand, Nicola Maffulli","doi":"10.1093/bmb/ldac039","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/bmb/ldac039","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Micro RNAs (miRNAs) are short non-coding RNAs that act primarily in posttranscriptional gene silencing, and are attracting increasing interest in musculoskeletal conditions.Source of data: Current scientific literature published in PubMed, Google Scholar, Embase and Web of Science databases.Areas of agreement: Recently, the potential of miRNAs as biomarkers for diagnosis and treatment of meniscal injuries has been postulated.Areas of controversy: Evaluation of the role of miRNAs in patients with meniscal tears is still controversial.Growing points: A systematic review was conducted to investigate the potential of miRNA in the diagnosis and management of meniscal damage.Areas timely for developing research: Intra-articular injection of microRNA-210 in vivo may represent a potential innovative methodology for the management of meniscal injuries. Characterization of the miRNAs expression in the synovial fluid could lead to the development of better early diagnosis and management strategies for meniscal tears.","PeriodicalId":9280,"journal":{"name":"British medical bulletin","volume":"145 1","pages":"141-150"},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2023-04-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9334414","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

Monkeypox: a review of the 2022 outbreak. 猴痘：2022 年疫情回顾。

IF 6.7 2区医学

British medical bulletin Pub Date : 2023-04-05 DOI: 10.1093/bmb/ldad002

Eleanor Y Lim, James Whitehorn, Lucy Rivett

{"title":"Monkeypox: a review of the 2022 outbreak.","authors":"Eleanor Y Lim, James Whitehorn, Lucy Rivett","doi":"10.1093/bmb/ldad002","DOIUrl":"10.1093/bmb/ldad002","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: In May 2022, the World Health Organisation declared a multi-country monkeypox outbreak in non-endemic countries following cases reported from 12 member states that were not endemic for monkeypox virus.Sources of data: Pubmed search.Areas of agreement: The virology, epidemiology, transmission, incubation and aspects of infection control are described. Clinical features of previous and current outbreaks are described, with growing observations that the current outbreak presents with clinical features distinct from previous outbreaks.Areas of controversy: There are variations in clinical presentations seen in the current outbreak that have not been seen in prior outbreaks. More research is needed to investigate the reasons for these differences.Growing points: The higher numbers of HIV-positive patients in the current outbreak has allowed better description of the disease in patients co-infected with HIV and monkeypox. The absence of more severe symptoms in HIV-positive patients in the current outbreak could possibly be due to the fact that most of these patients had well-controlled HIV, although further characterization of this cohort of patients would be useful.Areas for developing research: Current treatment and vaccination options have been extrapolated from studies of other Orthopox viruses. There remains a need for more data on the safety and efficacy of these options in the context of monkeypox infections.","PeriodicalId":9280,"journal":{"name":"British medical bulletin","volume":"145 1","pages":"17-29"},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2023-04-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9704508","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Implementing brief and low-intensity psychological interventions for children and young people with internalizing disorders: a rapid realist review. 对患有内化障碍的儿童和青少年实施简短和低强度的心理干预:快速现实主义回顾。

IF 6.7 2区医学

British medical bulletin Pub Date : 2023-04-05 DOI: 10.1093/bmb/ldad001

Anna Roach, Sophie Cullinan, Roz Shafran, Isobel Heyman, Sophie Bennett

{"title":"Implementing brief and low-intensity psychological interventions for children and young people with internalizing disorders: a rapid realist review.","authors":"Anna Roach, Sophie Cullinan, Roz Shafran, Isobel Heyman, Sophie Bennett","doi":"10.1093/bmb/ldad001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/bmb/ldad001","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Many children fail to receive the mental health treatments they need, despite strong evidence demonstrating efficacy of brief and low-intensity psychological interventions. This review identifies the barriers and facilitators to their implementation.Sources of data: PsycInfo, EMBASE and Medline were searched and a systematic approach to data extraction using Normalization Process Theory highlighted key mechanisms and contextual factors.Areas of agreement: Ten interventions from 9 papers, including 371 young people, were included. Studies identified organizational demands, lack of implementation strategy and stigma as barriers to implementation, and clear training and plans for implementation as facilitators.Areas of controversy: No standardized implementation outcomes were used across papers so meta-analysis was not possible.Growing points: Barriers and facilitators have been clearly identified across different settings.Areas timely for developing research: Longitudinal studies can identify methods and processes for enhancing long-term implementation and considers ways to monitor and evaluate uptake into routine practice.","PeriodicalId":9280,"journal":{"name":"British medical bulletin","volume":"145 1","pages":"120-131"},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2023-04-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10075242/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9335079","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

Knee osteoarthritis, joint laxity and PROMs following conservative management versus surgical reconstruction for ACL rupture: a meta-analysis. 膝关节骨性关节炎，关节松弛和PROMs保守处理与手术重建前交叉韧带破裂:荟萃分析。

IF 6.7 2区医学

British medical bulletin Pub Date : 2023-04-05 DOI: 10.1093/bmb/ldac029

Filippo Migliorini, Francesco Oliva, Joerg Eschweiler, Ernesto Torsiello, Frank Hildebrand, Nicola Maffulli

{"title":"Knee osteoarthritis, joint laxity and PROMs following conservative management versus surgical reconstruction for ACL rupture: a meta-analysis.","authors":"Filippo Migliorini, Francesco Oliva, Joerg Eschweiler, Ernesto Torsiello, Frank Hildebrand, Nicola Maffulli","doi":"10.1093/bmb/ldac029","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/bmb/ldac029","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Patients whose rupture of the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) can be managed conservatively or undergo reconstruction surgery.Source of data: Current scientific literature published in Web of Science, PubMed and Scopus.Areas of agreement: Several studies published by July 2022 compare surgical and conservative management following ACL rupture. The latest evidence suggests that surgical management may expose patients to an increased risk of early-onset knee osteoarthritis (OA).Areas of controversy: The state of art does not recommend a systematic ACL reconstruction to all patients who tore their ACL. After the initial trauma, surgical reconstruction may produce even greater damage to the intra-articular structures compared to conservative management.Growing points: The state of art does not recommend systematic surgical reconstruction to all patients who tore their ACL. The present study compared surgical reconstruction versus conservative management for primary ACL ruptures in terms of joint laxity, patient reported outcome measures (PROMs) and rate of osteoarthritis.Areas timely for developing research: ACL reconstruction provides significant improvement in joint laxity compared to conservative management, but is associated with a significantly greater rate of knee osteoarthritis, despite similar results at PROM assessment.","PeriodicalId":9280,"journal":{"name":"British medical bulletin","volume":"145 1","pages":"72-87"},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2023-04-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9333729","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Slowing down or returning to normal? Life expectancy improvements in Britain compared to five large European countries before the COVID-19 pandemic and Monkeypox: a review of the 2022 outbreak 放慢速度还是恢复正常?与2019冠状病毒病大流行和猴痘之前的五个欧洲大国相比，英国的预期寿命有所改善:对2022年疫情的回顾

2区医学

British medical bulletin Pub Date : 2023-03-01 DOI: 10.1093/bmb/ldad005

引用次数: 0

From the Archive 来自档案

2区医学

British medical bulletin Pub Date : 2023-03-01 DOI: 10.1093/bmb/ldad004

引用次数: 0

Surgical controversies and current concepts in Lisfranc injuries. Lisfranc损伤的外科争议和当前概念。

IF 6.7 2区医学

British medical bulletin Pub Date : 2022-12-12 DOI: 10.1093/bmb/ldac020

Raju Ahluwalia, Grace Yip, Martinus Richter, Nicola Maffulli

{"title":"Surgical controversies and current concepts in Lisfranc injuries.","authors":"Raju Ahluwalia, Grace Yip, Martinus Richter, Nicola Maffulli","doi":"10.1093/bmb/ldac020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/bmb/ldac020","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Lisfranc injuries, not as rare as previously reported, range from ligamentous to complex fracture-dislocations. Anatomical studies have identified a complex of discrete structures, and defined the anatomical characteristics of the Lisfranc joint.Sources of data: A narrative evidence-based review encompassed and analyzed published systematic reviews. Outcomes included clinical and surgical decision-making, including clinical-presentation, diagnosis, pathological-assessment, surgical-management techniques and indications, post-surgical care and comparative outcomes.Areas of agreement: Better understanding of the Lisfranc complex anatomy aids surgical treatment and tactics. Prognosis is related to injury severity, estimated by the number of foot columns affected. Surgical outcome is determined by anatomical reduction for most fixation and fusion techniques. Appropriate treatment allows return to sport, improving outcome scores.Areas of controversy: Identification of Lisfranc injuries may be improved by imaging modalities such as weight-bearing computer tomography. Recent evidence supports dorsal plate fixation as a result of better quality of reduction. In complex injuries, the use of combined techniques such as trans-articular screw and plate fixation has been associated with poorer outcomes, and fusion may instead offer greater benefits.Growing points: Open reduction is mandatory if closed reduction fails, highlighting the importance of understanding surgical anatomy. If anatomical reduction is achieved, acute arthrodesis is a safe alternative to open reduction internal fixation in selected patients, as demonstrated by comparable outcomes in subgroup analysis.Areas for developing research: The current controversies in surgical treatment remain around techniques and outcomes, as randomized controlled trials are infrequent.","PeriodicalId":9280,"journal":{"name":"British medical bulletin","volume":"144 1","pages":"57-75"},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2022-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10422072","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Corrigendum to: Ethical and policy issues raised by uterus transplants. 更正：子宫移植引起的伦理和政策问题。

IF 6.7 2区医学

British medical bulletin Pub Date : 2022-12-12 DOI: 10.1093/bmb/ldaa020

Laura O'Donovan, Nicola Jane Williams, Stephen Wilkinson

引用次数: 2

Workplace exposure to UV radiation and strategies to minimize cancer risk. 工作场所暴露于紫外线辐射和降低癌症风险的策略。

IF 6.7 2区医学

British medical bulletin Pub Date : 2022-12-12 DOI: 10.1093/bmb/ldac019

J W Cherrie, M P C Cherrie

{"title":"Workplace exposure to UV radiation and strategies to minimize cancer risk.","authors":"J W Cherrie, M P C Cherrie","doi":"10.1093/bmb/ldac019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/bmb/ldac019","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Workplace exposure to solar ultraviolet (UV) causes malignant melanoma and non-melanoma skin cancer. The evidence for beneficial effects of solar UV exposure in reducing the risks for other cancers is increasing. The intensity of UV radiation at the Earth's surface is dependent on latitude, but even in northern European countries exposure can be high enough for outdoor work to cause skin cancer.Growing points: Awareness of the health risks and benefits of occupational solar UV exposure is poor. Actions to reduce the risk of skin cancer have been identified and employers should recognize their responsibility to actively manage these risks. There is evidence for reduced risks for breast, ovarian and colorectal cancer and possibly other cancers linked to solar UV exposure.Sources of data: This narrative review draws on published scientific articles and material designed to assist identifying strategies to protect workers from solar UV exposure.Areas of agreement: Solar UV exposure can be harmful. Wavelengths in the UVB range are more effective in causing erythema and DNA damage. Solar UV is the main source of vitamin D for most people. Primary and secondary prevention for skin cancer can potentially eliminate these risks but the evidence for effectiveness is limited.Areas of controversy: Potential health benefits of UV exposure, particularly for reduced cancer risk. Determining and communicating optimal exposure to maximize health benefits. The risk of non-melanoma skin cancers may be more than doubled for some workers in temperate latitudes.Areas timely for developing research: Exposure-response epidemiological studies; studies of the health benefits of occupational UV exposure; studies of the effectiveness of intervention strategies to prevent skin cancer. Use of low-cost UV sensors in workplaces.","PeriodicalId":9280,"journal":{"name":"British medical bulletin","volume":"144 1","pages":"45-56"},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2022-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9744745/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10417482","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3