British Journal of Nutrition最新文献_第8页

Relationship between the ratio of increase in lean tissue to body weight gain and energy required to gain body weight in growing rats. 生长大鼠瘦组织增加与体重增加之比与体重增加所需能量之关系。

IF 3 3区医学

British Journal of Nutrition Pub Date : 2025-01-28 Epub Date: 2024-12-19 DOI: 10.1017/S000711452400326X

Kiyora Obikawa, Mizuki Kitaguchi, Emi Kondo, Koji Okamura

{"title":"Relationship between the ratio of increase in lean tissue to body weight gain and energy required to gain body weight in growing rats.","authors":"Kiyora Obikawa, Mizuki Kitaguchi, Emi Kondo, Koji Okamura","doi":"10.1017/S000711452400326X","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S000711452400326X","url":null,"abstract":"Although the energy stored in the lean tissue (LT) and adipose tissue (AT) is well known, the energy required to synthesise these tissues is obscure. Theoretically, the energy at the point at which ΔLT/Δ body weight (BW) reaches 100 % on a regression line, which indicates the relationship between ΔLT/ΔBW and the energy required for BW gain, is considered to be the energy expended to synthesise LT. Therefore, we investigated this relationship in rats. Rats were fed diets with different ratios of protein, fat and carbohydrates because their ΔLT/ΔBW values were expected to be different. Six-week-old male Sprague-Dawley rats had ad libitum access to normal (N, n 6), high-fat (HF, n 7) or high-protein (HP, n 8) diets for 4 weeks. The ΔLT/ΔBW was 0·77 in the N, 0·70 in the HF and 0·87 in the HP groups, respectively. The average energy required to gain BW was 8·8 kJ/g in the N group, 7·0 kJ/g in the HF group and 11·3 kJ/g in the HP group. We observed a positive correlation between ΔLT/ΔBW and energy required for BW gain. The regression line demonstrated that the energy expended to synthesise LT was 13·9 kJ/g and AT was -7·9 kJ/g. Therefore, combined with the energy stored in LT, the energy required to accumulate LT is approximately 19 kJ/g, whereas the energy to accumulate AT could not be elucidated.","PeriodicalId":9257,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Nutrition","volume":" ","pages":"202-210"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142852960","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Skinny fat model of metabolic syndrome induced by a high-salt/sucrose diet in young male rats. 高盐/蔗糖饮食诱发年轻雄性大鼠代谢综合征的瘦脂肪模型。

IF 3 3区医学

British Journal of Nutrition Pub Date : 2025-01-28 Epub Date: 2024-11-14 DOI: 10.1017/S0007114524002927

Keilah Valéria Naves Cavalcante, Marcos Divino Ferreira-Junior, Marina Conceição Dos Santos Moreira, Stefanne Madalena Marques, James Oluwagbamigbe Fajemiroye, Rosiane Aparecida Miranda, Patrícia Cristina Lisboa, Egberto Gaspar de Moura, Carlos Henrique Xavier, Eduardo Colombari, Rodrigo Mello Gomes, Gustavo Rodrigues Pedrino

{"title":"Skinny fat model of metabolic syndrome induced by a high-salt/sucrose diet in young male rats.","authors":"Keilah Valéria Naves Cavalcante, Marcos Divino Ferreira-Junior, Marina Conceição Dos Santos Moreira, Stefanne Madalena Marques, James Oluwagbamigbe Fajemiroye, Rosiane Aparecida Miranda, Patrícia Cristina Lisboa, Egberto Gaspar de Moura, Carlos Henrique Xavier, Eduardo Colombari, Rodrigo Mello Gomes, Gustavo Rodrigues Pedrino","doi":"10.1017/S0007114524002927","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S0007114524002927","url":null,"abstract":"Childhood and puberty can affect metabolism, leading to tissue injury and malfunction later in life. The consumption of high-processed foods rich in salt and sugar is increasing in middle- and high-income countries, especially among young people. It is necessary to evaluate the effects of high salt and sugar levels in the youth on most injured organs during metabolic challenges. We aimed to investigate whether high-salt/sucrose intake affects whole-body development and leads to end-organ injury. Weaned male Wistar rats were divided into two groups: a control group fed a standard diet and tap water, and an experimental group (SS) fed a standard diet and a beverage containing 1·8 % NaCl and 20 % sucrose instead of tap water. The animals were treated for 60 d, starting after weaning at 21 d of age, after which the animals were subjected to glucose and insulin tolerance tests, urine collection and heart rate monitoring and euthanised for sample collection at 81 d of age. SS showed reduced body weight gain and increased food intake of sodium/sucrose solution. Interestingly, high-salt/sucrose intake led to increased body adiposity, liver lipid inclusion, heart rate and renal dysfunction. SS exhibits increased levels of PPAR alpha to counterbalance the hypertrophy of brown adipose tissue. Our findings reveal that the SS rat model exhibits non-obvious obesity with end-organ damage and preserved brown adipose tissue function. This model closely parallels human conditions with normal BMI but elevated visceral adiposity, providing a relevant tool for studying atypical metabolic disorders.","PeriodicalId":9257,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Nutrition","volume":" ","pages":"171-181"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142615140","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Effects of n-3 very-long-chain PUFA on bone mineralisation. n-3超长链多不饱和脂肪酸对骨矿化的影响。

IF 3 3区医学

British Journal of Nutrition Pub Date : 2025-01-28 Epub Date: 2024-11-29 DOI: 10.1017/S0007114524003052

Martina Torrissen, Elisabeth Ytteborg, Harald Svensen, Tone-Kari Østbye, Gerd Berge, Sjur Reppe, Aleksei Krasnov, Bente Ruyter

{"title":"Effects of n-3 very-long-chain PUFA on bone mineralisation.","authors":"Martina Torrissen, Elisabeth Ytteborg, Harald Svensen, Tone-Kari Østbye, Gerd Berge, Sjur Reppe, Aleksei Krasnov, Bente Ruyter","doi":"10.1017/S0007114524003052","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S0007114524003052","url":null,"abstract":"The present study investigated whether dietary n-3 very-long-chain PUFA (n-3 VLC-PUFA) could increase skin and bone mineralisation in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) in vivo and examined their potential effects on human osteoblast proliferation and differentiation in vitro. Atlantic salmon were fed different dietary levels of n-3 VLC-PUFA, and changes in tissue n-3 VLC-PUFA composition, skeletal morphology, skin and bone mineral content, bone mineral density (BMD) and gene expression patterns were examined. Additionally, in vitro experiments using human foetal osteoblast cells were conducted to investigate the potential influence of n-3 VLC-PUFA supplementation on cell proliferation, osteogenic differentiation and cytokine expression. The results demonstrated that increasing the dietary levels of n-3 VLC-PUFA increased the mineral content of vertebrae and BMD in salmon, with subtle yet significant impacts on the expression of genes involved in bone-related processes. Furthermore, in vitro experiments showed a potential contextual influence of n-3 VLC-PUFA supplementation on gene expression of osteogenic markers and cytokine expression. Our findings indicate for the first time that n-3 VLC-PUFA may influence processes related to bone mineralisation.","PeriodicalId":9257,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Nutrition","volume":" ","pages":"145-160"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11813626/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142750083","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Diet quality from mid-life and body composition in older age: findings from a British birth cohort. 中年时期的饮食质量和老年时期的身体组成：来自英国出生队列的研究结果。

IF 3 3区医学

British Journal of Nutrition Pub Date : 2025-01-28 Epub Date: 2024-12-04 DOI: 10.1017/S0007114524002988

Leo D Westbury, Ruth Durdin, Sian M Robinson, Cyrus Cooper, Rachel Cooper, Kate A Ward

{"title":"Diet quality from mid-life and body composition in older age: findings from a British birth cohort.","authors":"Leo D Westbury, Ruth Durdin, Sian M Robinson, Cyrus Cooper, Rachel Cooper, Kate A Ward","doi":"10.1017/S0007114524002988","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S0007114524002988","url":null,"abstract":"We investigated associations between 'healthy dietary pattern' scores, at ages 36, 43, 53 and 60-64 years, and body composition at age 60-64 years among participants from the MRC National Survey of Health and Development (NSHD). Principal component analyses of dietary data (food diaries) at age 60-64 years were used to calculate diet scores (healthy dietary pattern scores) at each age. Higher scores indicated healthier diets (higher consumption of fruit, vegetables and wholegrain bread). Linear regression was used to investigate associations between diet scores at each age and height-adjusted dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry-measured fat and lean mass measures at age 60-64 years. Analyses, adjusting for sex and other potential confounders (age, smoking history, physical activity and occupational class), were implemented among 692 men and women. At age 43, 53 and 60-64 years, higher diet scores were associated with lower fat mass index (FMI) and android:gynoid fat mass ratio; for example, in fully adjusted analyses, a standard deviation (sd) increase in diet score at age 60-64 years was associated with an SD difference in mean FMI of -0·18 (95 % CI: -0·25, -0·10). In conditional analyses, higher diet scores at ages 43, 53 and 60-64 years (than expected from diet scores at younger ages) were associated with lower FMI and android:gynoid fat mass ratio in fully adjusted analyses. Diet scores at age 36 years had weaker associations with the outcomes considered. No associations regarding appendicular lean mass index were robust after full adjustment. This suggests that improvements in diet through adulthood are linked to beneficial effects on adiposity in older age.","PeriodicalId":9257,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Nutrition","volume":" ","pages":"262-268"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11813619/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142766435","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The role of n-3 fatty acids in acute pancreatitis. omega-3脂肪酸在急性胰腺炎中的作用。

IF 3 3区医学

British Journal of Nutrition Pub Date : 2025-01-28 Epub Date: 2024-12-09 DOI: 10.1017/S0007114524002812

Binbin Tang, Wenyang Zhang, Ajun Gu, Yangde Miao, Guang Yu

{"title":"The role of n-3 fatty acids in acute pancreatitis.","authors":"Binbin Tang, Wenyang Zhang, Ajun Gu, Yangde Miao, Guang Yu","doi":"10.1017/S0007114524002812","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S0007114524002812","url":null,"abstract":"Prior observational studies have reported the potential protective effect of n-3 fatty acids on the prognosis of acute pancreatitis (AP). However, the causal impact of n-3 fatty acids on AP is unclear. We aimed to investigate further the association of n-3 fatty acids with AP. We performed a meta-analysis and Mendelian randomisation (MR) to explore the association between n-3 fatty acids and the prognosis of AP from clinical observation and genetics perspectives, respectively. Nine randomised controlled trials were included in this study. The result meta-analysis showed that complementary therapy of n-3 fatty acids significantly decreased mortality (Relative Risk (RR): 0·30; 95 % CI 0·14, 0·65, P < 0·05) and infectious complications in AP (RR: 0·45; 95 % CI 0·27, 0·77, P < 0·05). Compared with the control groups, the hospital stays (MD: -1·02; 95 % CI -1·85, -0·20, P < 0·05) in AP patients with n-3 fatty acids treatment were statistically reduced. However, the ICU stay (MD: -0·49; 95 % CI -1·29, -0·31, P > 0·05) between control groups and AP patients with n-3 fatty acids treatment was insignificant. Utilising genetic susceptibility analysis in the MR approach, the MR showed n-3 fatty acids have a significant causal effect on the AP risk (OR, 0·887; 95 % CI 0·797, 0·986, P = 0·027, fixed-effect; OR, 0·887; 95 % CI 0·792, 0·993, P = 0·037, random-effect). n-3 fatty acids complementary therapy may improve the prognosis of AP. Furthermore, genetically predicted serum levels of n-3 fatty acids can significantly lower AP risk.","PeriodicalId":9257,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Nutrition","volume":" ","pages":"221-230"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142794375","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Turkish version of the renal inpatient nutrition screening tool: validity and reliability for haemodialysis patients. 土耳其语版肾住院患者营养筛选工具：血液透析患者的有效性和可靠性。

IF 3 3区医学

British Journal of Nutrition Pub Date : 2025-01-28 Epub Date: 2024-12-13 DOI: 10.1017/S0007114524003192

Nursena Ersoy Söke, Emine Karademir, Ebru Bayrak, Muslu Kazım Körez, Hülya Yardımcı

{"title":"Turkish version of the renal inpatient nutrition screening tool: validity and reliability for haemodialysis patients.","authors":"Nursena Ersoy Söke, Emine Karademir, Ebru Bayrak, Muslu Kazım Körez, Hülya Yardımcı","doi":"10.1017/S0007114524003192","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S0007114524003192","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this study was to analyse the validity and reliability of the Turkish version of the renal inpatient nutrition screening tool (Renal iNUT) for haemodialysis patients. The Renal iNUT and the malnutrition universal screening tool (MUST) were used in adult haemodialysis patients at two different centres to identify malnutrition. The subjective global assessment (SGA), regarded as the gold standard for nutritional status assessment, was utilised for comparison. Structural validity was assessed using biochemical values and anthropometric measurements, while reliability was assessed using repeated the Renal iNUT assessment. Of the 260 patients admitted, 42·3 % were malnourished (SGA score was B or C). According to the Renal iNUT, 59·6 % of the patients were at increased risk for malnutrition (score ≥ 1) and 3·8 % required referral to a dietitian (score ≥ 2). According to the MUST, 13·1 % of the patients were at increased risk for malnutrition and 8·5 % required referral to a dietitian. The Renal iNUT was found to be more sensitive in detecting increased risk of malnutrition in haemodialysis patients compared with the MUST (59·6 % v. 13·1 %). According to the SGA, the sensitivity of the Renal iNUT is higher compared to the MUST (89 % and 45 %, respectively). Kappa-assessed reliability of the Renal iNUT was 0·48 (95 % CI, 0·58, 0·9) and a moderate concordance was observed. The Renal iNUT is a valid and reliable nutritional screening tool for evaluating haemodialysis patients to determine their nutritional status. The use of the Renal iNUT by dietitians will contribute to the identification of malnutrition and its treatment.","PeriodicalId":9257,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Nutrition","volume":" ","pages":"231-238"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11813624/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142817383","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Effects of a six-day, whole-diet sweet taste intervention on pleasantness, desire for and intakes of sweet foods: a randomised controlled trial. 为期六天的全饮食甜味干预对甜味食物的愉悦感、欲望和摄入量的影响：一项随机对照试验。

IF 3 3区医学

British Journal of Nutrition Pub Date : 2025-01-28 Epub Date: 2024-12-19 DOI: 10.1017/S0007114524003209

Aleksandra D Bielat, Peter J Rogers, Katherine M Appleton

{"title":"Effects of a six-day, whole-diet sweet taste intervention on pleasantness, desire for and intakes of sweet foods: a randomised controlled trial.","authors":"Aleksandra D Bielat, Peter J Rogers, Katherine M Appleton","doi":"10.1017/S0007114524003209","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S0007114524003209","url":null,"abstract":"Reduced exposure to sweet taste has been proposed to reduce sweet food preferences and intakes, but the evidence to support these associations is limited. This randomised controlled trial investigated the effects of a whole-diet sweet taste intervention for 6 d, on subsequent pleasantness, desire for and sweet food intakes. Participants (n 104) were randomised to increase (n 40), decrease (n 43) or make no change to (n 21) their consumption of sweet-tasting foods and beverages for 6 consecutive days. Pleasantness, desire to eat, sweet taste intensity and sweet food and beverage intakes were assessed on days 0 and 7. One hundred and two (98 %) participants completed the study, and self-reported adherence with the dietary interventions was moderate to good (M = 66-72/100 mm), with instructions to decrease sweet food consumption reported as more difficult than the other diets (smallest (t(81) = 2·45, P = 0·02, M diff = 14/100 mm, se = 2 mm). In intention-to-treat analyses, participants in the decreased sweet food consumption group reported higher sweet taste intensity perceptions at day 7 compared with day 0 (F(2101) = 4·10, P = 0·02, M diff = 6/100 mm, se = 2 mm). No effects were found for pleasantness (F(2101) = 2·04, P = 0·14), desire to eat (F(2101) = 1·49, P = 0·23) or any of the measures of sweet food intake (largest F(2101) = 2·53, P = 0·09). These results were confirmed in regression analyses that took self-reported adherence to the diets into account. Our findings suggest that exposure to sweet taste does not affect pleasantness, desire for or intakes of sweet-tasting foods and beverages. Public health recommendations to limit the consumption of sweet-tasting foods and beverages to reduce sweet food preferences may require revision.","PeriodicalId":9257,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Nutrition","volume":" ","pages":"277-288"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11813625/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142852947","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Estimated dietary flavonoid intake and major food contributors in the Portuguese population: results from the national food, nutrition and physical activity survey (IAN-AF 2015-2016).

IF 3 3区医学

British Journal of Nutrition Pub Date : 2025-01-27 DOI: 10.1017/S0007114525000078

Sofia Martins, Manuela Meireles, Estela Caetano, Daniela Correia, Catarina Carvalho, Catarina Campos Silva, Vânia Magalhães, Sofia Vilela, Carla Lopes, Duarte Torres

{"title":"Estimated dietary flavonoid intake and major food contributors in the Portuguese population: results from the national food, nutrition and physical activity survey (IAN-AF 2015-2016).","authors":"Sofia Martins, Manuela Meireles, Estela Caetano, Daniela Correia, Catarina Carvalho, Catarina Campos Silva, Vânia Magalhães, Sofia Vilela, Carla Lopes, Duarte Torres","doi":"10.1017/S0007114525000078","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S0007114525000078","url":null,"abstract":"Flavonoids are a key class of polyphenols, i.e., phytochemical compounds present in foods and beverages, which have been described as having health benefits in preventing several chronic diseases. Estimating flavonoid intake has already been conducted in several countries but has yet to be performed in Portugal. This study included 5005 participants aged 3-84 years and aimed to estimate dietary flavonoid intake in the Portuguese population, using data from the National Food and Physical Activity Survey 2015-2016, providing information on intake, main food contributors and the socio-demographic factors associated with the intake. Food intake data from the survey was converted to flavonoid intake using a database built to include the most updated USDA databases on flavonoids, isoflavones and proanthocyanidins and the Phenol-Explorer database. The rationale for combining food consumption data and different flavonoid databases using the FoodEx2 classification system was established. Linear regressions assessed the associations between socio-demographic factors and dietary flavonoid intake. The total flavonoid intake of the Portuguese population was estimated to be 107·3 mg/d. Flavanols were the most representative subclass, followed by flavonols, anthocyanidins, flavanones, flavones and isoflavones. Fruits and vegetables were the primary food contributors, providing 31·5 % and 12·4 % of the total flavonoid intake. Adolescents had the lowest total flavonoid intake, and older adults had the highest. This study provides information on the Portuguese population's dietary flavonoids, allowing for international comparisons. It can also streamline forthcoming investigations into the link between flavonoid consumption and its impact on health, contributing to the future establishment of dietary reference values.","PeriodicalId":9257,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Nutrition","volume":" ","pages":"1-10"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143045591","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

In vitro digested ingredients as substitute for ileal digesta in assessing protein fermentation potential in growing pigs.

IF 3 3区医学

British Journal of Nutrition Pub Date : 2025-01-27 DOI: 10.1017/S0007114525000108

Hanlu Zhang, John W Cone, Arie K Kies, Wouter H Hendriks, Nikkie van der Wielen

{"title":"In vitro digested ingredients as substitute for ileal digesta in assessing protein fermentation potential in growing pigs.","authors":"Hanlu Zhang, John W Cone, Arie K Kies, Wouter H Hendriks, Nikkie van der Wielen","doi":"10.1017/S0007114525000108","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S0007114525000108","url":null,"abstract":"Understanding protein fermentation in the hindgut of pigs is essential due to its implications for health, and ileal digesta is commonly used to study this process in vitro. This study aimed to assess the feasibility of utilising in vitro digested residues as a replacement for ileal digesta in evaluating the protein fermentation potential. In vitro residues from cottonseed meal, maize germ meal, peanut meal, rapeseed cake, rapeseed meal, soyabean meal and sunflower meal were analysed using a modified gas production (GP) technique and curve fitting model to determine their fermentation dynamics and compare with the use of ileal digesta. Significant variations were observed in GP parameters between in vitro digested residues, indicating differences in nitrogen utilisation by fecal microbiota. Soyabean meal and sunflower meal exhibited the highest maximum GP rates (Rmax), with values of 29·5 ± 0·6 and 28·0 ± 1·2 ml/h, respectively, while maize germ meal showed slowest protein utilisation (17·3 ± 0·2 ml/h). A positive relationship was found between the Rmax of in vitro residues and ileal digesta (R2 = 0·85, P < 0·01). However, GP potential (GPs) showed a tendency for a negative relationship (R2 = 0·39, P < 0·1), likely due to narrow observed GPs values and the presence of varied endogenous proteins in ileal digesta. Our results demonstrate the potential of using in vitro digested residues as a substitute for ileal digesta in assessing the fermentation potential of protein ingredients, particularly regarding the rate of protein fermentation.","PeriodicalId":9257,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Nutrition","volume":" ","pages":"1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11946045/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143045576","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Carotid intima medial thickness and its association with cardiometabolic risk factors in children with overweight and obesity: a hospital-based cross-sectional study.

IF 3 3区医学

British Journal of Nutrition Pub Date : 2025-01-27 DOI: 10.1017/S0007114525000091

Sabitha Sasidharan Pillai, M Vijayakumar, Ajitha Balakrishnan

{"title":"Carotid intima medial thickness and its association with cardiometabolic risk factors in children with overweight and obesity: a hospital-based cross-sectional study.","authors":"Sabitha Sasidharan Pillai, M Vijayakumar, Ajitha Balakrishnan","doi":"10.1017/S0007114525000091","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S0007114525000091","url":null,"abstract":"A hospital-based cross-sectional study involving children aged 2-15 years attending the obesity clinic of a tertiary care hospital from January 2016 to March 2018 was carried out to study carotid intima media thickness (cIMT) and its association with cardiometabolic risk factors in children with overweight and obesity. Secondary objective was to compare children with elevated (EcIMT) and normal cIMT (NcIMT). Out of 223 patients enrolled for the study, 102 (45·7 %) had EcIMT. Mean cIMT of the study participants was 0·41 (sd 0·13) mm. Median alanine transaminase levels (27 v. 24, P= 0·006) and proportion of patients with fatty liver (63·7 % v. 48·8 %, P= 0·025) and ≥ 3 risk factors (80·4 % v. 66·1 %, P= 0·003) were higher in the EcIMT group compared with NcIMT group. Proportion of patients with hypercholesterolemia (36·4 % v. 16 %, P= 0·024), elevated LDL-cholesterol (38·6 % v. 16 %, P= 0·013), low HDL-cholesterol (40·9 % v. 20 %, P= 0·027) and dyslipidemia (84·1 % v. 58 %, P= 0·006) was higher in the pubertal EcIMT group and those with fatty liver (63·8 % v. 45·1 %, P= 0·034) was higher in the prepubertal EcIMT group compared with pubertal and prepubertal NcIMT groups, respectively. No significant correlations were observed between cIMT and various cardiometabolic parameters. Our finding of EcIMT in nearly half of the study participants including young children is very concerning as these children are at increased risk of atherosclerotic CVD in adulthood. Interventions starting at a young age are important when trajectories are likely to be more malleable and adverse cardiometabolic phenotypes and subclinical atherosclerosis are reversible.","PeriodicalId":9257,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Nutrition","volume":" ","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143045588","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0