British Journal of Nutrition最新文献

{"title":"Dietary protein intake and overall diet quality in adults with cystic fibrosis following elexacaftor/tezacaftor/ivacaftor therapy.","authors":"Paul T Morgan, Tanith-Jade Ellis, Benoit Smeuninx, Leigh Breen, Laura Kinsey, Owen W Tomlinson, Helen White, Laura R Caley, Daniel G Peckham","doi":"10.1017/S0007114525103760","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S0007114525103760","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The RDA for dietary protein is likely insufficient for individuals with cystic fibrosis (CF). This study sought to characterise protein intake and diet quality in adults with cystic fibrosis (awCF), before and after elexacaftor/tezacaftor/ivacaftor (ETI) therapy, compared with healthy controls. Dietary intake was assessed by diet diary in awCF at baseline (BL, <i>n</i> 40) and at follow-up > 3 months post ETI therapy (follow-up (FUP), <i>n</i> 40) and in age-matched healthy controls (CON, <i>n</i> 80) free from known disease at a single time point. Protein intake dose and daily distribution, protein quality, protein source and overall diet quality were calculated for each participant. Both CON (1·39 (sd 0·47) g·kg^-1·day^-1) and CF (BL: 1·44 (sd 0·52) g·kg^-1·day^-1, FUP: 1·12 (sd 0·32) g·kg^-1·day^-1) had a higher mean daily protein intake than the protein RDA of 0·75g·kg^-1·day^-1. There was a significant reduction in daily protein intake in the CF group at FUP (<i>P</i> = 0·0003, <i>d</i> = 0·73), with levels below the alternative suggested dietary intake of ≥ 1·2 g·kg^-1·day^-1. There were no sex differences or noticeable effects on protein quality or source following the commencement of ETI therapy when compared with CON (all <i>P</i> > 0·05), although overall diet quality decreased between time points (<i>P =</i> 0·027, <i>d</i> = 0·57). The observed reduction in daily protein intake in the present cohort emphasises the importance of ensuring appropriate dietary protein intake to promote healthy ageing in adults with CF. More research is needed to evidence base dietary protein requirements in this at-risk population.</p>","PeriodicalId":9257,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Nutrition","volume":" ","pages":"1497-1505"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12335916/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144526482","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Vitamin A deficiency in India and seasonality of vitamin A-rich food consumption.","authors":"Rupinder Sahota, Fanny Sandalinas, Christopher Chagumaira, Robert Johnston, Jaswant S Khokhar, R Murray Lark, Arindam Das, Edward J M Joy, E Louise Ander","doi":"10.1017/S0007114525103681","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S0007114525103681","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Vitamin A deficiency (VAD) poses significant health risks and is prevalent in children and adolescents in India. This study aimed to determine the effect of seasonal variation and availability of vitamin A-rich (VA-rich) foods on serum retinol in adolescents. Data on serum retinol levels from adolescents (<i>n</i> 2297, mean age 14 years) from the Comprehensive National Nutrition Survey (2016-2018) in India were analysed, with VAD defined as serum retinol < 0·7 µmol/L. Five states were selected based on a comparable under-five mortality rate and the seasonal spread of the data collection period. Dietary data from adolescents and children ≤ 4 years old were used to assess VA-rich food consumption. A linear mixed model framework was employed to analyse the relationship between serum retinol, month of the year and VA-rich food consumption, with <i>a priori</i> ranking to control for multiple hypothesis testing. Consumption of VA-rich foods, particularly fruits and vegetables/roots and tubers, showed seasonal patterns, with higher consumption during summer and monsoon months. Significant associations were found between serum retinol concentrations and age, month of sampling, consumption of VA-rich foods and fish. VAD prevalence was lowest in August, coinciding with higher consumption of VA-rich fruits and foods. Findings highlight the importance of considering seasonality in assessing VAD prevalence and careful interpretation of survey findings. Intentional design, analysis and reporting of surveys to capture seasonal variation is crucial for accurate assessment and interpretation of VAD prevalence, including during monitoring and evaluation of programmes, and to ensure that public health strategies are appropriately informed.</p>","PeriodicalId":9257,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Nutrition","volume":" ","pages":"1522-1531"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12335917/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144367819","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Longitudinal assessment of food insecurity status on the gut microbiome and metabolome of first-year college students.","authors":"Alex E Mohr, Paniz Jasbi, Irene van Woerden, Devin A Bowes, Jinhua Chi, Haiwei Gu, Meg Bruening, Corrie M Whisner","doi":"10.1017/S0007114525103668","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S0007114525103668","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Food insecurity affects the health of college-aged individuals, but its impact on the gut microbiome (GM) over time is poorly understood. This study explored the association between food insecurity and the GM in eighty-five college students, identifying microbial taxa, metabolites and pathways linked to food security status and examining GM stability and microbe–metabolite interactions. Longitudinal GM and metabolomic data were collected from first-year students over an academic year, encompassing periods of variable food security status. Participants were categorised into three groups: food insecure (FI, <i>n</i> 13), food secure (FS, <i>n</i> 44) and variable (VAR, <i>n</i> 28) status. GM composition varied significantly between FS classifications (Bray–Curtis dissimilarity, <i>P</i> ≤ 0·005). Stability analysis revealed correlations between stability scores and microbial features, pathways and metabolites. Specific microbes (e.g. <i>Bifidobacterium</i> species, <i>Faecalibacterium prausnitizii D</i> and <i>Lachnospiraceae</i>), pathways (energy and microbial turnover) and metabolites (cadaverine, N-acetylcadaverine, putrescine, testosterone sulfate and creatine) associated with FI status were identified. Multi-omic integration revealed metabolic pathways influenced by differentially abundant microbial species and co-occurring fecal metabolites in FI participants related to the microbial production of polyamines, detoxification and energy metabolism. The transition from FS to FI showed no significant differences at specific taxonomic, functional or metabolite levels. This study uncovers complex interactions between food security, GM composition and metabolism. Significant differences were found in microbial community variability and metabolic pathways associated with food security status, but the transition from food security to insecurity disrupted the GM without clear taxonomic or functional distinctions, emphasising the need for further research into these mechanisms.</p>","PeriodicalId":9257,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Nutrition","volume":" ","pages":"1473-1486"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12334067/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144309548","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association between caffeine metabolites in urine and serum uric acid levels: a cross-sectional study from NHANES 2011 to 2012.","authors":"Larissa S Limirio, Erick P de Oliveira","doi":"10.1017/S0007114525103619","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S0007114525103619","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Several studies have indicated a potential inverse association between caffeine intake from dietary sources - assessed through dietary questionnaires - and uric acid (UA) levels. However, to date, no study has examined the relationship between urinary caffeine metabolites, which serve as a reliable biomarker of caffeine intake and UA levels. Our aim was to evaluate the association between caffeine metabolites in urine and serum UA levels. A cross-sectional study was conducted using data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2011-2012, involving 1252 individuals aged 20-80 years. The study assessed caffeine and fourteen metabolites in spot urine samples, as well as serum UA levels. Hyperuricaemia was defined as UA levels exceeding 7·0 mg/dl for men and 6·0 mg/dl for women. In logistic regression analyses, theobromine (OR: 0·99, 95 % CI: 0·980, 0·999), 3-methyluric acid (OR: 0·91, 95 % CI: 0·837, 0·996), 7-methyluric acid (OR: 0·99, 95 % CI: 0·989, 0·998) and 3-methylxanthine (OR: 0·99, 95 % CI: 0·992, 0·999) were associated with decreased odds of hyperuricaemia. In linear regression analyses, paraxanthine (<i>β</i> = -0·004, <i>P</i> = 0·006), theobromine (<i>β</i> = -0·004, <i>P</i> =< 0·001), 7-methyluric acid (<i>β</i> = -0·003, <i>P</i> = 0·003), 3,7-dimethyluric acid (<i>β</i> = -0·029, <i>P</i> = 0·024), 3-methylxanthine (<i>β</i> = -0·001, <i>P</i> = 0·038) and 7-methylxanthine (<i>β</i> = -0·001, <i>P</i> = 0·001) were inversely associated with serum UA levels. In conclusion, our results indicate that several urinary caffeine metabolites are inversely associated with UA levels. These findings should be interpreted with caution due to the small magnitude of the observed associations.</p>","PeriodicalId":9257,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Nutrition","volume":" ","pages":"1487-1496"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144246564","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association between composite dietary antioxidant index and <i>Helicobacter pylori</i> infection: a population-based and Mendelian randomisation study.","authors":"Peng Zou, Fu Xiao, Yusong Wei, Chengru Chen, Xiaobin Wu","doi":"10.1017/S0007114525103693","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S0007114525103693","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The composite dietary antioxidant index (CDAI) has been identified as a critical factor in the pathogenesis of certain inflammatory diseases. The study aimed to investigate the relationship between CDAI and <i>Helicobacter pylori</i> infection using cross-sectional design. In this study, participants from the 1999-2000 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey were analysed using logistic and Cox regression analyses to assess the associations between <i>H. pylori</i> infection and CDAI, encompassing vitamin A, vitamin C, vitamin E, carotene, Zn, Se and Cu. The results demonstrated a negative correlation between CDAI scores and <i>H. pylori</i> infection, revealing a non-linear relationship between the odds of <i>H. pylori</i> infection and CDAI as a continuous variable. Subsequently, a two-sample Mendelian randomisation study was conducted utilising genome-wide association study summary statistics to explore the causal relationship between antioxidant levels and <i>H. pylori</i> infection. We found that the intake of Cu was a protective factor in the occurrence of <i>H. pylori</i> infection but did not support a causal association between circulating Cu levels and <i>H. pylori</i> infection. The prevalence of <i>H. pylori</i> infection was found to be elevated among individuals of older age, lower education levels, limited socio-economic status, smokers, diabetes and those with hypertension. The study suggests that higher CDAI is linked to decreased odds of <i>H. pylori</i> infection, and further prospective studies are needed to confirm the association. Our findings may have significant implications for the prevention and management of <i>H. pylori</i>-related diseases.</p>","PeriodicalId":9257,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Nutrition","volume":" ","pages":"1513-1521"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144332461","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association of dietary choline and betaine intake with all-cause mortality: a longitudinal study from the China Health and Nutrition Survey.","authors":"Peishan Tan, Peiyan Chen, Shangling Wu, Jialin Lu, Jing Shu, Dan Li, Aiping Fang","doi":"10.1017/S0007114525103759","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S0007114525103759","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Epidemiologic evidence on the association between dietary choline, betaine and mortality risk remains limited, particularly among non-Western populations. We examined the association of dietary choline and betaine with all-cause mortality in Chinese adults using data from the China Health and Nutrition Survey 1991-2015. We included 9027 men and 8828 women without CVD and cancer at baseline. Dietary intake was assessed using 3-day 24-hour dietary recalls and household food inventories. Death was ascertained through household surveys in each wave. Time-dependent Cox proportional hazards regression models estimated multivariable-adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) and 95 % CIs. During a median follow-up of 9·1 years, 891 men and 687 women were deceased. Higher total choline intake was associated with lower all-cause mortality in both men (HR_{Q5 <i>v</i>. Q1} = 0·58 (95 % CI: 0·45, 0·74)) and women (HR_{Q5 <i>v</i>. Q1} = 0·59 (95 % CI: 0·44, 0·78)). The dose-response curve were reverse J-shaped in men and L-shaped in women (both <i>P</i>-nonlinear ≤ 0·005). Similarly, fat-soluble choline intake was inversely associated with mortality in both men (HR_{Q5 <i>v</i>. Q1} = 0·59 (95 % CI: 0·46, 0·75)) and women (HR_{Q5 <i>v</i>. Q1} = 0·53 (95 % CI: 0·40, 0·70)), showing reverse J-shaped patterns (both <i>P</i>-nonlinear < 0·001). A J-shaped association between water-soluble choline and mortality was observed in women (<i>P</i>-nonlinear < 0·001), but a null association was found in men. Betaine intake was not associated with all-cause mortality in either sex. Our findings suggest that adequate choline intake is linked to reduced all-cause mortality in Chinese adults with predominantly plant-based diets.</p>","PeriodicalId":9257,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Nutrition","volume":" ","pages":"1543-1560"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144574852","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The association between socio-economic position and diet quality in rural and regional Australian adults.","authors":"Rebekah Pullen, Matthew J Sharman, Ami Seivwright, Denis Visentin, Sebastian Kocar, Tracy Schumacher, Clare E Collins, Elizabeth Lester, Katherine Kent","doi":"10.1017/S0007114525103486","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S0007114525103486","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Diet quality has been linked to socio-economic status. However, evidence within rural and regional populations is lacking. This cross-sectional study examined the relationship between diet quality and socio-economic position in adults living in rural and regional areas of Australia. The Australian Recommended Food Score (ARFS; range 0-73) measured diet quality (total and subscale scores). Area-level socio-economic position was determined by postcode-linked socio-economic index for areas (SEIFA), Index of Relative Social Advantage and Disadvantage scores, stratified into quintiles. The mean total ARFS (34·7; sd = 9·1; <i>n</i> 836) was classified as 'getting there'. Findings showed significantly lower mean total ARFS between SEIFA quintile 1 (1 = lowest; mean total ARFS = 30·4; sd = 10·2; categorised as 'needs work') compared with all other SEIFA quintiles (F (44 831) = 8·44, <i>P ≤</i> 0·001). Linear regression, adjusting for age, sex, income, education, employment status and household composition demonstrated significantly lower overall diet quality for SEIFA quintile 1 compared with SEIFA quintile 3 (B = -3·9; 95 % CI (-6·2, -1·5); <i>P</i> < 0·001) and lower subscale scores for vegetables (B = -1·6; 95 % CI (-2·7, -0·6); <i>P</i> = 0·003), fruit (B = -0·9; 95 % CI (-1·6, -0·1); <i>P</i> = 0·018) and grains (B = -0·6; 95 % CI (-1·3, -0·0); <i>P</i> = 0·050). After adjusting for individual confounders of diet quality, results indicate that lower area-level socio-economic position remained associated with poorer diet quality in this sample of rural and regional Australian adults. This suggests that broader social and environmental factors unique to these areas may impact diet quality and amplify individual barriers to achieving a healthy diet.</p>","PeriodicalId":9257,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Nutrition","volume":" ","pages":"1532-1542"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12335914/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144526483","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association of food insecurity with diet quality and anthropometric measurements among American elderly: results from 2017 to 2020 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey.","authors":"Xiuhong Wang, Hui Cao, Xuanlan Wu, Yan Xia, ShengJun Wu","doi":"10.1017/S0007114525103504","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S0007114525103504","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Food insecurity (FIS) is a critical public health issue, particularly among older adults. This study investigates the association between FIS with diet quality and anthropometric indices in the US older adults. A cross-sectional analysis was conducted using NHANES data from 2017 to 2020, involving 2592 participants aged ≥ 60 years. FIS was assessed using the USDA Household Food Security Survey Module. Diet quality was assessed using the Healthy Eating Index (HEI)-2020 and adherence to Mediterranean diet (MedDiet) score. Anthropometric measures were calculated following standardised protocols. Multivariable logistic regression models, adjusted for demographic, socio-economic and behavioural factors examined the association between FIS and the higher quartile and tertile of anthropometric and diet quality indices, respectively. Of the participants, 27·4 % experienced FIS. FIS participants were younger and had lower education and income levels compared with FS individuals (<i>P</i> < 0·05). In the adjusted model, FIS was associated with lower adherence to both the Mediterranean Diet (OR: 0·48, 95 % CI: 0·31, 0·67) and HEI-2020 (OR: 0·61, 95 % CI: 0·37, 0·84), indicating poorer diet quality in older adults. In adjusted analyses, FIS was significantly associated with higher A Body Shape Index quartiles (Q3: OR: 1·44, 95 % CI: 1·06, 1·95; Q4: OR: 1·46, 95 % CI: 1·07, 2·01), the waist-to-hip ratio (Q4: OR: 1·44, 95 % CI: 1·01, 2·06) and the Conicity index (Q4: OR: 1·36, 95 % CI: 1·02, 1·81). FIS in older adults is associated with unfavourable diet quality and body composition patterns, particularly central obesity measures. Addressing FIS may mitigate health risks related to obesity and its complications.</p>","PeriodicalId":9257,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Nutrition","volume":" ","pages":"1506-1512"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12335915/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144246565","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comment on 'Diet's total antioxidant capacity and women's health: systematic review and meta-analysis'.","authors":"Shubham Kumar, Rachana Mehta, Ranjana Sah","doi":"10.1017/S0007114525103632","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S0007114525103632","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9257,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Nutrition","volume":" ","pages":"1418-1419"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144332462","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reply to 'Comment on \"Diet's total antioxidant capacity and women's health: systematic review and meta-analysis\"'.","authors":"Tauane Alves Dutra, Nassib Bezerra Bueno, Alane Cabral Menezes de Oliveira","doi":"10.1017/S0007114525103644","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S0007114525103644","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9257,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Nutrition","volume":" ","pages":"1420-1421"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144539008","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}