Hanlu Zhang, John W Cone, Arie K Kies, Wouter H Hendriks, Nikkie van der Wielen
{"title":"<i>In vitro</i> digested ingredients as substitute for ileal digesta in assessing protein fermentation potential in growing pigs.","authors":"Hanlu Zhang, John W Cone, Arie K Kies, Wouter H Hendriks, Nikkie van der Wielen","doi":"10.1017/S0007114525000108","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S0007114525000108","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Understanding protein fermentation in the hindgut of pigs is essential due to its implications for health, and ileal digesta is commonly used to study this process <i>in vitro</i>. This study aimed to assess the feasibility of utilising <i>in vitro</i> digested residues as a replacement for ileal digesta in evaluating the protein fermentation potential. <i>In vitro</i> residues from cottonseed meal, maize germ meal, peanut meal, rapeseed cake, rapeseed meal, soyabean meal and sunflower meal were analysed using a modified gas production (GP) technique and curve fitting model to determine their fermentation dynamics and compare with the use of ileal digesta. Significant variations were observed in GP parameters between <i>in vitro</i> digested residues, indicating differences in nitrogen utilisation by fecal microbiota. Soyabean meal and sunflower meal exhibited the highest maximum GP rates (R<sub>max</sub>), with values of 29·5 ± 0·6 and 28·0 ± 1·2 ml/h, respectively, while maize germ meal showed slowest protein utilisation (17·3 ± 0·2 ml/h). A positive relationship was found between the R<sub>max</sub> of <i>in vitro</i> residues and ileal digesta (R<sup>2</sup> = 0·85, <i>P</i> < 0·01). However, GP potential (GP<sub>s</sub>) showed a tendency for a negative relationship (R<sup>2</sup> = 0·39, <i>P</i> < 0·1), likely due to narrow observed GP<sub>s</sub> values and the presence of varied endogenous proteins in ileal digesta. Our results demonstrate the potential of using <i>in vitro</i> digested residues as a substitute for ileal digesta in assessing the fermentation potential of protein ingredients, particularly regarding the rate of protein fermentation.</p>","PeriodicalId":9257,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Nutrition","volume":" ","pages":"1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143045576","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sabitha Sasidharan Pillai, M Vijayakumar, Ajitha Balakrishnan
{"title":"Carotid intima medial thickness and its association with cardiometabolic risk factors in children with overweight and obesity: a hospital-based cross-sectional study.","authors":"Sabitha Sasidharan Pillai, M Vijayakumar, Ajitha Balakrishnan","doi":"10.1017/S0007114525000091","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S0007114525000091","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A hospital-based cross-sectional study involving children aged 2-15 years attending the obesity clinic of a tertiary care hospital from January 2016 to March 2018 was carried out to study carotid intima media thickness (cIMT) and its association with cardiometabolic risk factors in children with overweight and obesity. Secondary objective was to compare children with elevated (EcIMT) and normal cIMT (NcIMT). Out of 223 patients enrolled for the study, 102 (45·7 %) had EcIMT. Mean cIMT of the study participants was 0·41 (sd 0·13) mm. Median alanine transaminase levels (27 <i>v</i>. 24, <i>P</i>= 0·006) and proportion of patients with fatty liver (63·7 % <i>v</i>. 48·8 %, <i>P</i>= 0·025) and ≥ 3 risk factors (80·4 % <i>v</i>. 66·1 %, <i>P</i>= 0·003) were higher in the EcIMT group compared with NcIMT group. Proportion of patients with hypercholesterolemia (36·4 % <i>v</i>. 16 %, <i>P</i>= 0·024), elevated LDL-cholesterol (38·6 % <i>v</i>. 16 %, <i>P</i>= 0·013), low HDL-cholesterol (40·9 % <i>v</i>. 20 %, <i>P</i>= 0·027) and dyslipidemia (84·1 % <i>v</i>. 58 %, <i>P</i>= 0·006) was higher in the pubertal EcIMT group and those with fatty liver (63·8 % <i>v</i>. 45·1 %, <i>P</i>= 0·034) was higher in the prepubertal EcIMT group compared with pubertal and prepubertal NcIMT groups, respectively. No significant correlations were observed between cIMT and various cardiometabolic parameters. Our finding of EcIMT in nearly half of the study participants including young children is very concerning as these children are at increased risk of atherosclerotic CVD in adulthood. Interventions starting at a young age are important when trajectories are likely to be more malleable and adverse cardiometabolic phenotypes and subclinical atherosclerosis are reversible.</p>","PeriodicalId":9257,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Nutrition","volume":" ","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143045588","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Associations between inflammation-related dietary patterns and obesity: A cohort study among Tibetan adults.","authors":"Xiaomin Sun, Wenxiu Jian, Xiao Tang, Rui Li, Bin Zhang, Yingxin Chen, Haijing Wang, Lei Zhao, Yangrui Zhang, Tanisawa Kumpei, Zumin Shi, Youfa Wang, Wen Peng","doi":"10.1017/S0007114524003337","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S0007114524003337","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Substantial changes resulting from the interaction of environmental and dietary factors contribute to an increased risk of obesity, while their specific associations with obesity remain unclear. Identify inflammation-related dietary patterns (DPs) and explore their associations with obesity among urbanized Tibetan adults under significant environmental and dietary changes.Totally, 1826 subjects from the suburbs of Golmud City were enrolled in an open cohort study, of which 514 were followed up. Height, weight, and waist circumference were used to define overweight and obesity. DPs were derived using reduced rank regression with 41 food groups as predictors and hs-CRP and prognostic nutritional index as inflammatory response variables. Altitude was classified as high or ultra-high. Two DPs were extracted. DP-1 was characterized by having high consumptions of sugar-sweetened beverages, savory snacks, and poultry, and a low intake of tsamba. DP-2 had high intakes of poultry, pork, animal offal, and fruits, and a low intake of butter tea. Participants in the highest tertiles (T3) of DPs had increased risks of overweight and obesity (DP-1: OR=1.37, 95% CI: 1.07, 1.77; DP-2: OR=1.48, 95% CI: 1.18, 1.85) than those in the lowest tertiles (T1). Participants in T3 of DP-2 had an increased risk of central obesity (OR=2.25, 95% CI: 1.49, 3.39) than those in T1. The positive association of DP-1 with overweight and obesity was only significant at high altitudes, while no similar effect was observed for DP-2. Inflammation-related DPs were associated with increased risks of overweight and/or obesity.</p>","PeriodicalId":9257,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Nutrition","volume":" ","pages":"1-26"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143027993","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nooshin Noshadi, Seyedeh Sana Sabet, Sarvin Sanaie, Ata Mahmoodpoor, Helda Tutunchi, Sina Naghshi, Seyed Rafie Arefhosseini, Mehrangiz Ebrahimi-Mameghani
{"title":"The effects of seven-strain probiotic supplementation on cell adhesion molecules, oxidative stress, and antioxidant parameters in patients with traumatic brain injury: a randomized controlled clinical trial.","authors":"Nooshin Noshadi, Seyedeh Sana Sabet, Sarvin Sanaie, Ata Mahmoodpoor, Helda Tutunchi, Sina Naghshi, Seyed Rafie Arefhosseini, Mehrangiz Ebrahimi-Mameghani","doi":"10.1017/S0007114524003234","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S0007114524003234","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The therapeutic effects of probiotics in patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI) remain unclear. This study aimed to investigate the effects of probiotic supplementation on cell adhesion molecules, oxidative stress, and antioxidant parameters in TBI patients. This randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial included 46 TBI patients who were randomly assigned to receive either a probiotic supplement (n = 23) or a placebo (n = 23) for 14 days. The probiotic capsule contained four strains of <i>Lactobacillus (L. casei, L. bulgaricus, L. rhamnosus, L. acidophilus)</i>, two strains of <i>Bifidobacterium (B. longum, B. breve)</i>, and <i>Streptococcus thermophilus</i>. Serum levels of intercellular adhesion molecule (ICAM)-1, vascular cell adhesion molecule (VCAM)-1, pro-oxidant antioxidant balance (PAB), malondialdehyde (MDA), nitric oxide (NO), total antioxidant capacity (TAC), and arylesterase (ARE) activity were measured at the beginning and end of the trial. Dietary intakes of patients were also recorded at the beginning and end of the trial. At the end of the study, there were no significant changes in ICAM-1, VCAM-1, PAB, MDA, NO, TAC, and ARE levels. However, patients who received probiotic supplements had significantly increased dietary intakes of energy, macronutrients, vitamin E, zinc, copper, and selenium compared with the placebo group. This study provides evidence that probiotic supplementation for 14 days in TBI patients has beneficial effects on dietary intake. However, it did not affect serum levels of cell adhesion molecules, oxidative stress, or antioxidant parameters. These findings should be considered preliminary, and further research is needed to evaluate long-term and clinical outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":9257,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Nutrition","volume":" ","pages":"1-25"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143022321","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Graham Tobin, Annette Schuhmacher, Tomasz Górecki, Łukasz Smaga
{"title":"The development and evaluation of multiple regression equations based on four common nutritional analysis packages to predict the metabolisable energy density of diets fed to grower/finisher and adult pigs and their use for rat and mouse diets.","authors":"Graham Tobin, Annette Schuhmacher, Tomasz Górecki, Łukasz Smaga","doi":"10.1017/S0007114525000042","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S0007114525000042","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We have used multiple regression analyses to develop a series of metabolisable energy (ME) prediction equations from chemical analyses of pig diets that can be extended to murine diets. We compiled four datasets from an extensive range of published metabolism studies with grower/finisher and adult pigs. The analytes in the datasets were increasingly complex, comprising: 1. the proximate or Weende analysis, 2. the previous analysis but with neutral detergent fibre (NDF) replacing crude fibre, 3. the NDF package plus starch, 4. the NDF package plus starch and sugars. Diet manufacturers routinely provide most of the analytes for batches of murine diet, or they are easily obtainable. The study uniquely compares the four analytical packages side-by-side. The number of records in the datasets varies from 367 to 827. With increasing analytical complexity, adjusted R<sup>2</sup> values for ME prediction improved from 0.751 to 0.869, and the mean absolute error from 0.422 to 0.289 kJ/g. Overall, the models' prediction interval (PI) improved from 1 to 0.7 kJ/g, which is ± 7% to 5% for a typical dietary ME density of 14.8 kJ/g. Although prediction accuracy increases as one extends the range and complexity of the analytes measured, the improvement is slight and may not justify the substantial increase in analytical cost. The equations were validated for use on future data sets by k-fold analysis. Although the equations are developed from pig data, they are suitable for rat and mouse diets, based on comparable digestibility measurements, and substantially improve existing methods.</p>","PeriodicalId":9257,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Nutrition","volume":" ","pages":"1-56"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143000388","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Letter to the editor: response to 'Meat Intake and Type 2 Diabetes among Japanese Workers' published online in <i>British Journal of Nutrition</i> on 23 September 2024.","authors":"Shawn Joseph, Sheena Christy","doi":"10.1017/S0007114524003118","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S0007114524003118","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9257,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Nutrition","volume":" ","pages":"1-2"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143000375","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Population attributable fractions for risk factors for childhood anaemia: Findings from the 2017 Togo Malaria Indicator Survey.","authors":"Phyllis Ohene-Agyei, Aude Laetitia Ndoadoumgue, Essossimna Bana-Ewai, Issifou Yaya, Aboubakari Nambiema","doi":"10.1017/S0007114524003313","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S0007114524003313","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Anaemia continues to be a major public health challenge in developing countries, particularly in Sub-Saharan Africa. This study estimated the proportion of anaemia cases that could be potentially prevented among children aged 6-59 months in Togo. Data from the 2017 national Malaria Indicator survey in Togo, the last one conducted to date, was used for this study. Maternal, child and household data were collected using a standard questionnaire administered face-to-face by trained interviewers. Haemoglobin tests were conducted for children and their mothers. A total of 2796 children were included in the analyses. The prevalence of anaemia was 75.0% (95% confidence interval, CI: 72.5-88.0). Factors associated with childhood anaemia were: age [(adjusted prevalence ratio, aPR=1.46 (CI: 1.37-1.56) for 6-23 months and aPR=1.23 (1.14-1.32) for 24-42 months, ref: 43-59 months], a later birth order (≥4<sup>th</sup> position) [aPR=1.11 (1.03-1.19), ref: 1<sup>st</sup>-2<sup>nd</sup> position], malaria in children [aPR=1.30 (1.22-1.38)], maternal age ≤25 [aPR=1.17 (1.08-1.27), ref: ≥35 years], maternal anaemia [aPR=1.13 (1.07-1.19)], lack of maternal education [aPR=1.10 (1.02-1.18), ref: ≥secondary], number of children under 5 in household [aPR=1.07 (1.00-1.14) for ≥3, ref: 0-1], unimproved sanitation facilities [aPR=1.12 (1.02-1.22)] and low/middle household incomes [aPR=1.16 (1.04-1.30) and aPR=1.13 (1.01-1.26), respectively, ref: high]. The population-attributable fraction was estimated at 8.2% (6.3-10.1%) for child-related modifiable factors, 11.1% (5.7-16.3%) for maternal-related factors, 15.8% (8.6-22.5%) for household-related factors, and 30.9% (24.0-37.2%) for the combination of all modifiable factors. This study highlighted a high prevalence of childhood anaemia in Togo and showed that a high proportion of this could be prevented.</p>","PeriodicalId":9257,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Nutrition","volume":" ","pages":"1-27"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143000386","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Siphiwe N Dlamini, Shane A Norris, Lisa K Micklesfield
{"title":"Associations between skeletal muscle mass and elevated blood pressure are independent of body fat: a cross-sectional study in young adult women of African ancestry.","authors":"Siphiwe N Dlamini, Shane A Norris, Lisa K Micklesfield","doi":"10.1017/S0007114525000029","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S0007114525000029","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Although research on the relationship between lean body mass and blood pressure (BP) has been inconsistent, most studies reported that measures of lean body mass are associated with a higher risk of hypertension. We explored relationships between body composition (fat and skeletal muscle mass) and BP in 1162 young adult African women. Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry-derived measures of whole-body, central and arm fat mass were associated with higher systolic and diastolic BP, while leg fat percentage was associated with lower systolic and diastolic BP. However, only the associations with diastolic BP remained after adjusting for appendicular skeletal muscle mass (ASM). ASM was associated with higher systolic and diastolic BP, before and after adjusting for whole-body fat percentage and visceral adipose tissue. While there was no overlap in targeted proteomics of BP and body composition, REN was lower in the elevated BP than the normal BP group and was inversely associated with diastolic BP (false rate discovery adjusted <i>P</i>< 0·050). Several proteins were positively associated with both visceral adipose tissue and ASM (LEP, FABP4, IL6 and GGH) and negatively associated with both visceral adipose tissue and ASM (ACAN, CELA3A, PLA2G1B and NCAM1). NOTCH3, ART3, COL1A1, DKK3, ENG, NPTXR, AMY2B and CNTN1 were associated with lower visceral adipose tissue only, and IGFBP1 was associated with lower ASM only. While the associations between body fat and BP were not independent of skeletal muscle mass, the associations between muscle mass and BP were independent of overall and central adiposity in young adult African women. Future interventions targeting muscle mass should also monitor BP in this population.</p>","PeriodicalId":9257,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Nutrition","volume":" ","pages":"1-15"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143000373","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Lise Leblay, Jacob Lessard-Lord, Jean-Sébastien Paquette, Line Guénette, Jean-Philippe Drouin-Chartier
{"title":"Gender differences in the association between adherence to healthy diet principles and adherence to cardiopreventive medication among adults from Québec (Canada).","authors":"Lise Leblay, Jacob Lessard-Lord, Jean-Sébastien Paquette, Line Guénette, Jean-Philippe Drouin-Chartier","doi":"10.1017/S0007114525000030","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S0007114525000030","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Adherence to healthy diet principles and to cardiopreventive medication, both key behaviours in CVD prevention, is known to differ between women and men. Whether these adherence behaviours are differentially related among women and men has never been thoroughly assessed. The objective was to assess gender differences in the association between adherence to healthy diet principles and to cardiopreventive medication in adults free of CVD. This cross-sectional study included 268 women and 204 men from the CARTaGENE cohort (Québec, Canada) who were using antihypertensive and/or cholesterol-lowering medication. Adherence to healthy diet principles was assessed using the Alternate Healthy Eating Index (AHEI, %), calculated from a validated FFQ assessing diet in the 12-month preceding its completion. Medication adherence was assessed using the daily pharmacotherapy possession rate (DPPR, %), calculated from prescription claim data over the same 12-month period. In multivariable-adjusted analyses, an inverse association between AHEI and DPPR was observed among men (<i>β</i><sub>AHEI</sub> for 10 % increment in DPPR = -0·65 %; 95 % CI -1·28 %, -0·03 %; <i>P</i> = 0·04), while it tended to be positive among women (<i>β</i> = 0·44 %; 95 % CI -0·11 %, 1·00 %; <i>P</i> = 0·12; <i>P</i><sub>gender×DPPR</sub> = 0·01). The negative association between AHEI and DPPR was stronger among men who never smoked or used cholesterol-lowering medication only. Among women, the positive association was stronger and statistically significant among those with obesity or using ≥ 3 medications simultaneously. Association between adherence to healthy diet principles and to cardiopreventive medication differs between women and men, with men potentially facing greater challenges in achieving optimal complementarity between these two behaviours.</p>","PeriodicalId":9257,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Nutrition","volume":" ","pages":"1-11"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143000374","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Huan Ma, Hui Liu, Yu-Ting Yang, Mei Han, Chun-Meng Jiang
{"title":"The effect of folate deficiency and different doses of folic acid supplementation on liver diseases.","authors":"Huan Ma, Hui Liu, Yu-Ting Yang, Mei Han, Chun-Meng Jiang","doi":"10.1017/S000711452400285X","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S000711452400285X","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The liver has multiple functions such as detoxification, metabolism, synthesis and storage. Folate is a water-soluble vitamin B<sub>9</sub>, which participates in one-carbon transfer reactions, maintains methylation capacity and improves oxidative stress. Folic acid is a synthetic form commonly used as a dietary supplement. The liver is the main organ for storing and metabolising folate/folic acid, and the role of folate/folic acid in liver diseases has been widely studied. Deficiency of folate results in methylation capacity dysfunction and can induce liver disorders. However, adverse effects of excessive use of folic acid on the liver have also been reported. This review aims to explore the mechanism of folate/folic acid in different liver diseases, promote further research on folate/folic acid and contribute to its rational clinical application.</p>","PeriodicalId":9257,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Nutrition","volume":" ","pages":"37-47"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142615149","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}