BMC Microbiology最新文献

{"title":"Prevalence of katG and inhA mutations associated with isoniazid resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis clinical isolates in Cameroon.","authors":"Vanessa Ninkeh Nono, Edouard Akono Nantia, Awelani Mutshembele, Sorelle Nguimfack Teagho, Yannick Willy Kamdem Simo, Brenda Shile Takong, Yvonne Josiane Djieugoue, Yannick Patrick Assolo, Suzanne Magloire Ongboulal, Stanley Nkemnji Awungafac, Sara Eyangoh, Eric Mensah, Ndivhuho Agnes Makhado, Valerie Flore Donkeng Donfack","doi":"10.1186/s12866-025-03816-9","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12866-025-03816-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The acquisition of isoniazid (INH) resistance is alarming, considering its importance as a key drug that forms the core of multidrug treatment regimens for tuberculosis (TB). Genetic mutations in the katG and inhA promoter regions play crucial roles in INH resistance, but their prevalence varies geographically. This study aimed to identify the most common mutations in the katG and inhA genes in INH-resistant (INH-R) Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) clinical isolates in Cameroon. The research also explored the relationships between these mutations and patients' demographics (age, sex, and sample type).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a retrospective cross-sectional laboratory-based study on 500 INH-R isolates (with or without resistance to other first-line drugs) at the National Tuberculosis Reference Laboratory (NTRL) in Cameroon between January 2014 and December 2020. GenoType MTBDRplus assay was performed on the retrieved isolates and the frequency of katG and inhA mutations were calculated. Chi-square tests were utilized to assess the associations between these mutations and patients' age, sex and sample type.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 410 (85.8%) culture-positive MTB isolates were analyzed, with a male-to-female ratio of 228 (55.6%) to 182 (44.4%) and an average age of 36.3 ± 13.4 years. Mutations in the katG and inhA genes were detected in 354 (86.3%) of cases, while 56 (13.7%) showed no mutations. Among the INH-R isolates, mutations in katG, inhA, and dual katG and inhA genes were present in 247 (60.2%), 76 (18.5%), and 31 (7.6%) isolates, respectively. Our analysis revealed significant associations between mutation prevalence and patient characteristics.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study reaffirmed the importance of the katG S315T substitution as a key indicator of INH resistance, with the inhA C-15T mutation providing additional support. However, a notable proportion of isoniazid-resistant isolates did not exhibit these mutations, underscoring the need to comprehend resistance mechanisms. Given that these mechanisms are strongly associated with varying levels of INH resistance, it is crucial that TB management strategies incorporate genetic profiling alongside patient demographics to optimize treatment outcomes and enhance control measures.</p>","PeriodicalId":9233,"journal":{"name":"BMC Microbiology","volume":"25 1","pages":"127"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11892131/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143584801","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Involvement of Mycobacterium smegmatis small noncoding RNA B11 in triacylglycerol accumulation and altered cell wall permeability.","authors":"Zhuhua Wu, Weilong Liu, Qiuchan Tan, Yuhui Chen, Xiaoyu Lai, Jianming Hong, Hongdi Liang, Huizhong Wu, Jing Liang, Xunxun Chen","doi":"10.1186/s12866-025-03826-7","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12866-025-03826-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Pathways involving triacylglycerol (TAG) accumulation are thought to play a crucial regulatory role in bacterial growth and metabolism. Despite this understanding, little is known about the biological functions and regulatory mechanisms of small RNAs in Mycobacterium. Mycobacterium smegmatis (M. smegmatis), a type of Mycobacterium, serves as a model organism to investigate the molecular, physiological, and drug resistance features of M. tuberculosis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In this study, we demonstrated that overexpression of B11 significantly affects bacterial growth and colony morphology, increases antibiotic sensitivity and sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) surface stress, decreases intracellular survival, and suppresses cytokine secretion in macrophages. Transcriptomic and lipidomic analyses revealed a metabolic downshift in the B11 overexpression strain, characterized by reduced levels of TAG. Furthermore, transmission electron microscopy showed that the B11 overexpression strain exhibited decreased cell wall thickness, leading to reduced biofilm formation and altered cell wall permeability. Additionally, we observed that B11 regulated certain target genes but did not directly bind to those proteins tested.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Taken together, these findings suggest that B11 plays important roles in Mycobacterium survival under antibiotic and SDS stresses, TAG accumulation, and contributes to antibiotic sensitivity through altered cell wall permeability.</p>","PeriodicalId":9233,"journal":{"name":"BMC Microbiology","volume":"25 1","pages":"124"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11889869/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143584639","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characterization of a novel lytic phage vB_AbaM_AB4P2 encoding depolymerase and its application in eliminating biofilms formed by Acinetobacter baumannii.","authors":"Jianhui Su, Yujing Tan, Shenshen Liu, Huanhuan Zou, Xiaoyi Huang, Siyi Chen, Hongmei Zhang, Shaoting Li, Haiyan Zeng","doi":"10.1186/s12866-025-03854-3","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12866-025-03854-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Acinetobacter baumannii strains are a primary cause of hospital-acquired infections. This bacterium frequently causes biofilm-related infections, notably ventilator-associated pneumonia and catheter-related infections, which exhibit remarkable resistance to antibiotic treatment, posing a severe challenge in the prevention of A. baumannii infections. Therefore, strategies to eliminate the biofilm of A. baumannii in catheters are becoming increasingly important. Phages are capable of lysing bacteria and have a certain effect on the ablation of biofilms.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Sewage treatment plant water was collected for the isolation of A. baumannii phages. The morphological, host range, one-step growth, temperature and pH stability, bactericidal activity, sequencing and genomic analysis were performed to characterize the isolated phage. The three-dimensional structure of the tail fiber protein was predicted by AlphaFold3. The efficacy of phage in clearing biofilms of A. baumannii from 24-well plates and PVC catheters was also evaluated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In this study, A. baumannii lytic phage vB_AbaM_AB4P2 was isolated from sewage treatment plant water, showing a clear plaque with halo zone. One-step growth assays unveiled a 20-minute latent period and a burst size of 61 plaque forming unit/cell (PFU/cell). At the same time, phage AB4P2 exhibited remarkable stability at pH 3-11 and temperatures 30-70 °C. Its dsDNA genome is composed of 45,680 bp with a G + C content of 46.13%. Genomic and phylogenetic analysis situated phage AB4P2 as a new species of Caudoviricetes class. Its fiber protein possesses a pectin lyase-like domain that is linked to depolymerase activity, playing a crucial role in disrupting biofilms. Additionally, it also encodes a lysis cassette comprising endolysin, holin and Rz-like spanin, yet lacks any genes responsible for antibiotic resistance and virulence factors. Phage AB4P2 can completely inhibit A. baumannii growth for 16 h. In the 24-well plate and the polyvinyl chloride (PVC) catheter model experiments, phage AB4P2 achieved a significant biofilm ablation rate and effectively killed the live bacterial cells in the biofilm.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Phage AB4P2 had good environmental stability and strong ability to inhibit the growth of A. baumannii and destroy formed biofilms by A. baumannii. It exhibits promising potential for development as an alternative environmental disinfectant against A. baumannii in the hospital.</p><p><strong>Clinical trial number: </strong>Not applicable.</p>","PeriodicalId":9233,"journal":{"name":"BMC Microbiology","volume":"25 1","pages":"123"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11889872/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143584708","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Antimicrobial susceptibility and risk factors of uropathogens in symptomatic urinary tract infection cases at Dessie Referral Hospital, Ethiopia.","authors":"Destaw Kebede, Yeromnesh Shiferaw, Edosa Kebede, Wondmagegn Demsiss","doi":"10.1186/s12866-025-03842-7","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12866-025-03842-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Urinary tract infection (UTI) is one of the most common bacterial infections encountered by clinicians in developing countries, affecting the urethra, bladder, and kidneys. It is a prevalent infectious disease among outpatients and hospitalized patients, leading to morbidity and mortality. Antibiotic resistance among uropathogens varies geographically, but empirical treatment is common in our study area. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate antimicrobial susceptibility and risk factors of uropathogens in symptomatic UTI cases at Dessie Referral Hospital in northeast Ethiopia.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A hospital-based cross-sectional study design was utilized to examine 256 participants with urinary tract complaints from February 1, 2024, to May 30, 2024. Consecutive convenience sampling was used to select participants. Midstream urine samples were collected, and bacteriological tests, including culture, Gram stain, biochemical tests, and antimicrobial susceptibility tests, were conducted following standard procedures. The data were entered into EpiData version 3.1 and analyzed using SPSS version 20 software. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regressions were carried out to identify potential risk factors associated with urinary tract infection.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The overall prevalence of bacteriuria was 22.7%. Escherichia coli (E. coli) accounted for the highest proportion 21(30.4%), followed by Coagulase-negative Staphylococcus (CoNS) at 15(21.7%) and Klebsiella spp 12(17.4%). Most Gram-positive bacteria were susceptible to gentamicin 19(90.5%) but less sensitive to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole 16(76.2%) and nitrofurantoin 18(85.7%). High resistance rates were observed for penicillin 9(60%) and cefoxitin 14(66.7%). On the other hand, amikacin (83.3%), gentamicin (81.3%), and nitrofurantoin (89.7%) were effective against Gram-negative bacteria. Resistance to tetracycline and ampicillin was reported at 53.8% against both groups of bacteria. Female sex (AOR = 4.21; 95% CI = 1.43-8.29, P = 0.002), diabetes mellitus (AOR = 14.786; 95% CI = 3.91-70.72, P = 0.001), and human immunodeficiency virus positivity (AOR = 5.273; 95% CI = 2.596-17.410, P = 0.002) were identified as significant risk factors for bacteriuria.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The prevalence of UTI among syptomatic patients was 22.7%. E. coli and coagulase negative Staphylococcus were the predominant isolates. The identified bacteria were resistant to commonly use antimicrobials. Therefore, there should be continuous surveillance of UTI and antimicrobial susceptibility testing to minimize urinary tract infection and antibiotic resistance in our study setting.</p>","PeriodicalId":9233,"journal":{"name":"BMC Microbiology","volume":"25 1","pages":"126"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11889879/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143584613","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Large-scale fermentation of Lactiplantibacillus pentosus 292 for the production of lactic acid and the storage strategy based on molasses as a preservative.","authors":"Xing Chen, Zhirong Wei, Ziqiao Feng, Yuhan Che, Xinyi Wang, Hao Long, Xiaoni Cai, Wei Ren, Zhenyu Xie","doi":"10.1186/s12866-025-03837-4","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12866-025-03837-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Lactiplantibacillus pentosus 292 is a lactic acid bacterium (LAB) with significant probiotic potential, but large-scale production is often limited by high production costs and preservation challenges. This study aimed to develop a cost-effective medium to enhance lactic acid production and establish a feasible preservation strategy to support the strain's large-scale application.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A low-cost medium containing glucose, yeast powder, K₂HPO₄, and Tween-80 was formulated, enabling Lactiplantibacillus pentosus 292 to achieve a lactic acid yield of 16.24 g/L, representing an 83.48% increase compared to the traditional MRS medium. Fermentation kinetics models for bacterial growth, substrate consumption, and product generation were established in a 200-L fermenter using the Logistic, Luedeking-Piret-like, and Luedeking-Piret models, and the R² values from the model equation were 0.9921 (OD_600nm), 0.9942 (dry weight), 0.9506 (total protein), 0.8383 (lactic acid), 0.8898 (total sugar), and 0.8585 (reducing sugar), respectively, indicating that these models were suitable for accurately simulating the growth, nutrient production, and substrate consumption of L. pentosus 292. Additionally, a preservation strategy was developed by using 1-3% molasses as a preservative for the fermentation broth, and its efficacy was verified through temperature acceleration experiments.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In this work, a cost-effective medium that significantly increased lactic acid yield and a preservative based on molasses as a strategy to extend the storage period of fermentation products were developed for large-scale production of L. pentosus 292, a member of probiotic LAB. Additionally, large-scale fermentation kinetics models were constructed, providing valuable technical insights for the large-scale production and application of this LAB, highlighting its significant potential for industrial applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":9233,"journal":{"name":"BMC Microbiology","volume":"25 1","pages":"125"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11889756/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143584658","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"NagPIBAF upregulation and ompO downregulation compromise oxidative stress tolerance of Stenotrophomonas maltophilia.","authors":"Tsuey-Ching Yang, Shao-Chi Wu, Ting-Yu Yeh, Hsu-Feng Lu, Yi-Tsung Lin, Li-Hua Li","doi":"10.1186/s12866-025-03840-9","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12866-025-03840-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Outer membrane protein OmpA is composed of two domains, an N-terminal β-barrel structure embedded in the outer membrane and a C-terminal globular domain noncovalently associated with the peptidoglycan layer in periplasm. Stenotrophomonas maltophilia KJ is a clinical isolate. In our recent study, we disclosed that KJ∆OmpA_{299 - 356,} an OmpA C-terminal deletion mutant, compromised menadione tolerance. Furthermore, the involvement of σ^E, σ^N, and ompO in the ∆ompA_{299 - 356}-mediated phenotype was proposed. In that study, we hypothesized that there was an unidentified σ^N-regulated candidate responsible for ∆ompA_{299 - 356}-mediated menadione tolerance decrease, and the candidate was disclosed in this study.</p><p><strong>Methods and results: </strong>Transcriptome analysis of wild-type KJ and KJ∆OmpA_{299 - 356} revealed that a five-gene cluster, smlt4023-smlt4019 (annotated as nagPIBAF), was upregulated in KJ∆OmpA_{299 - 356}. Reverse transcription-PCR (RT-PCR) confirmed the presence of the nagPIBAF operon. The expression of the nagPIBAF operon was negatively regulated by NagI and σ^N, and triggered by N-acetylglucosamine. In-frame deletion mutant construction and menadione tolerance assay demonstrated that nagP, nagB, and nagA upregulation in KJ∆OmpA_{299 - 356} connected with ∆ompA_{299 - 356}-mediated menadione tolerance decrease. The intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) level assay further verified that in the presence of external oxidative stress such as menadione treatment, nagPIBAF operon upregulation and ompO inactivation synergistically increased intracellular ROS levels, which exceeded the capacity of bacterial oxidative stress alleviation systems and resulted in a decrease of menadione tolerance.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Loss of interaction between OmpA C-terminus and peptidoglycan causes envelope stress and activates σ^E regulon. ompO and rpoN are downregulated in response to σ^E activation. rpoN downregulation further derepresses nagPIBAF operon, which can favor the metabolism route of glycolysis, TCA cycle, and electron transport chain. nagPIBAF upregulation and OmpO downregulation synergistically increase intracellular ROS levels and result in menadione tolerance decrease.</p><p><strong>Clinical trial number: </strong>Not applicable.</p>","PeriodicalId":9233,"journal":{"name":"BMC Microbiology","volume":"25 1","pages":"122"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11887185/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143572171","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prospecting cellulolytic bacteria from white grubs (Holotrichia serrata (F.) and Leucopholis coneophora Burmeister) native to Karnataka region.","authors":"Gatta Vishnu Vyasa, Ramesh Balenahalli Narasingappa, K V Prakash, P Bhavani, K R Gagandeep","doi":"10.1186/s12866-025-03805-y","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12866-025-03805-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The gut microbiota of insects plays a pivotal role in digesting food, supplying nutrients, and synthesizing enzymes, particularly those capable of degrading lignocellulosic biomass-a key factor in waste management. In Karnataka, India, the larvae of Holotrichia serrata and Leucopholis coneophora are major crop pests. However, the potential of their gut bacterial communities to degrade lignocellulose has yet to be fully explored. This study aimed to isolate and evaluate lignocellulose-degrading bacteria from these larvae. Seventeen cellulolytic bacterial strains were successfully isolated from the fermentation chamber of white grubs, most of which belonged to the Firmicutes and γ-Proteobacteria classes. Notable genera included Bacillus, Enterobacter, and Klebsiella. Among these, Bacillus toyonensis strain LC3B1 exhibited remarkable cellulolytic activity, with a cellulolytic index of 1.93 ± 0.037. This strain demonstrated the highest degradation on groundnut husk powder (33.25 ± 0.823%), followed by paddy straw powder (31.45 ± 0.608%) and corncob powder (28.15 ± 1.56%), highlighting its potential for effective agricultural residue degradation. FTIR analysis of carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) hydrolyzed by LC3B1 revealed various decomposition products, including ketones, aldehydes, alcohols, and carboxylic acids. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of the treated biomass revealed significant morphological changes, such as pore formation and tunneling within the substrate. The broad cellulolytic capabilities observed across bacteria from white grub gut microbiota, including members of the Bacillaceae, Enterobacteriaceae, and Pseudomonadaceae families, underscore their potential as valuable resources for lignocellulosic biomass degradation, biofuel production, and sustainable waste management strategies. This study highlights the promise of insect gut microbiota as a reservoir for environmentally beneficial microbial applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":9233,"journal":{"name":"BMC Microbiology","volume":"25 1","pages":"121"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11883973/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143572172","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diversity of sulfur cycling halophiles within the Salton Sea, California's largest lake.","authors":"Linton Freund, Caroline Hung, Talyssa M Topacio, Charles Diamond, Alyson Fresquez, Timothy W Lyons, Emma L Aronson","doi":"10.1186/s12866-025-03839-2","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12866-025-03839-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Microorganisms are the biotic foundation for nutrient cycling across ecosystems, and their assembly is often based on the nutrient availability of their environment. Though previous research has explored the seasonal lake turnover and geochemical cycling within the Salton Sea, California's largest lake, the microbial community of this declining ecosystem has been largely overlooked. We collected seawater from a single location within the Salton Sea at 0 m, 3 m, 4 m, 5 m, 7 m, 9 m, 10 m, and 10.5 m depths in August 2021, December 2021, and April 2022.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We observed that the water column microbiome significantly varied by season (R² = 0.59, P = 0.003). Temperature (R² = 0.27, P = 0.004), dissolved organic matter (R² = 0.13, P = 0.004), and dissolved oxygen (R² = 0.089, P = 0.004) were significant drivers of seasonal changes in microbial composition. In addition, several halophilic mixotrophs and other extremotolerant bacteria were consistently identified in samples across depths and time points, though their relative abundances fluctuated by season. We found that while sulfur cycling genes were present in all metagenomes, their relative coverages fluctuated by pathway and season throughout the water column. Sulfur oxidation and incomplete sulfur oxidation pathways were conserved in the microbiome across seasons.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our work demonstrates that the microbiome within the Salton Seawater has the capacity to metabolize sulfur species and utilize multiple trophic strategies, such as alternating between chemorganotrophy and chemolithoautrophy, to survive this harsh, fluctuating environment. Together, these results suggest that the Salton Sea microbiome is integral in the geochemical cycling of this ever-changing ecosystem and thus contributes to the seasonal dynamics of the Salton Sea. Further work is required to understand how these environmental bacteria are implicated relationship between the Salton Sea's sulfur cycle, dust proliferation, and respiratory distress experienced by the local population.</p>","PeriodicalId":9233,"journal":{"name":"BMC Microbiology","volume":"25 1","pages":"120"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11883979/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143566172","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biochemical, coagulation, and platelet count profiles among Schistosoma mansoni infected patients attending at selected Dembiya health institutions, Northwest Ethiopia.","authors":"Wagaw Abebe, Wossenseged Lemma, Yalewayker Tegegne, Assefa Sisay, Tadesse Misganaw, Sisay Ayana, Desie Kasew, Marye Nigatie Debash, Alemu Birara Zemariam, Tadele Emagneneh, Adane Derso","doi":"10.1186/s12866-025-03838-3","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12866-025-03838-3","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;Schistosomiasis is a parasitic disease that causes coagulation disorders and biochemical abnormalities. This is due to liver failure, platelet destruction, disruption of blood flow, and endothelial function by the schistosomes. However, there is no adequate data on biochemical and coagulation profiles and platelet count of patients infected with Schistosoma mansoni in Dembiya Selected Health Institutions. Hence, the aim of this study was to assess the effect of Schistosoma mansoni infection on selected biochemical and coagulation profiles and platelet count.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Method: &lt;/strong&gt;An institutional-based comparative cross-sectional study was conducted from March to August 2022 at Dembiya Primary Hospital, Chuahit Health Center, and Abrija Health Center, Northwest Ethiopia. A total of 70 individuals were enrolled in the study using convenient sampling techniques. A stool sample was collected for Schistosoma mansoni detection. Likewise, a blood sample was collected for biochemical and coagulation profiles and platelet count analysis. The data were analyzed using SPSS version 25. A p-value less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;Median values for alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, creatinine, total bilirubin, and direct bilirubin values were significantly higher, while total protein and glucose were significantly lower in Schistosoma mansoni infected than in the healthy control participants (P &lt; 0.05). Prothrombin time, activated partial thromboplastin time, and international normalization ratio were significantly higher, while the platelet count was significantly lower in the Schistosoma mansoni infected than healthy control participants (P &lt; 0.05). The values of alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, creatinine, total bilirubin, direct bilirubin, prothrombin time, activated partial thromboplastin time, and international normalization ratio were significantly higher, while total protein, glucose, and platelet count were significantly lower in those with moderate and heavy Schistosoma mansoni infection intensity compared to healthy control participants (P &lt; 0.05). The number of Schistosoma mansoni eggs per gram of stool had a positive correlation with biochemical and coagulation profiles, except for total protein, glucose, and platelet count, which were correlated negatively in Schistosoma mansoni infected participants (P &lt; 0.05).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;Biochemical and coagulation profiles, including alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, creatinine, total bilirubin, direct bilirubin, glucose, total protein, prothrombin time, activated partial thromboplastin time, international normalization ratio, and platelet count, were significantly altered in S. mansoni infected participants compared to controls (p &lt; 0.05). These findings underscore the need for routine biochemical and coagulation monitoring in end","PeriodicalId":9233,"journal":{"name":"BMC Microbiology","volume":"25 1","pages":"119"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11881258/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143566102","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Improved protocols for isolation of Mycobacterium ulcerans from clinical samples.","authors":"Bernadette Agbavor, Rejoice Agyeiwaa Arthur, Abigail Agbanyo, Dzifa Kofi Ahiatrogah, Charity Wiafe Akenten, Cynthia Adu-Asiamah, Kabiru Mohammed Abass, Elizabeth Ofori, George Amofa, Kwadwo Boampong, Thorsten Thye, Denise Dekker, Mathew Glover Addo, Mark Wansbrough-Jones, Tim John Bull, Yaw Ampem Amoako, Richard Odame Phillips","doi":"10.1186/s12866-025-03835-6","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12866-025-03835-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The isolation and culture of Mycobacterium ulcerans (Mu) as a primary diagnostic modality for Buruli ulcer (BU) disease are limiting due to their low sensitivity and slow-growing nature. M. ulcerans cultures can also be overgrown with other bacteria and fungi. Culture, however, remains an important tool for the study of persisting viable M. ulcerans, drug susceptibility tests, and other molecular assays to improve management of the disease. The challenge of contamination with other fast-growing bacteria necessitates decontamination of clinical samples prior to culturing, but current methods may be too harsh, resulting in low yields of M. ulcerans. We aimed to evaluate a Tika-Kic decontamination process for M. ulcerans that uses supplements to stimulate M. ulcerans growth to improve recovery.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Swab and Fine Needle Aspirate (FNA) samples were collected from 21 individuals with confirmed BU at baseline (week 0) and weeks 2 and 4 after initiating antibiotic treatment. Samples were decontaminated with Tika-Kic decontamination medium and the modified Petroff (NaOH) methods then inoculated each into Mycobacterium Growth Indicator Tube (MGIT) or Löwenstein Jensen (LJ) medium. Time to growth detection and confirmation by qPCR as well as the proportion of positive cultures for all three methods and the proportion of positive cultures for all three time points were documented. Common contaminating bacteria were also isolated and identified.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The proportion of M. ulcerans positive cultures obtained was higher for Tika-MGIT samples [14/43 (32%)] compared to Petroff-MGIT samples [10/43 (23%)] and Petroff-LJ samples [8/43 (19%)]. Baseline samples had a higher isolate proportion [17 (53%)] compared to samples collected after treatment initiation [9 (28%) for week 2 and 6 (19%) for week 4]. Contaminating bacteria isolated include Burkholderia cepacia, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Pasteurella pneumotropica, Proteus mirabilis, Morganella morganii, Staphylococcus aureus and Enterococcus.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our study shows an advantage for culturing Mycobacterium ulcerans from clinical samples using the Tika-Kic decontamination and growth medium. Further research is needed to refine sample processing to improve M. ulcerans recovery.</p>","PeriodicalId":9233,"journal":{"name":"BMC Microbiology","volume":"25 1","pages":"118"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11881482/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143566174","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}