BMC Microbiology最新文献

{"title":"An immunoinformatics-based designed multi-epitope candidate vaccine against Mycoplasma pneumoniae.","authors":"Behzad Shahbazi, Negar Mottaghi-Dastjerdi, Mohammad Soltany-Rezaee-Rad, Khadijeh Ahmadi","doi":"10.1186/s12866-025-04240-9","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12866-025-04240-9","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9233,"journal":{"name":"BMC Microbiology","volume":"25 1","pages":"590"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12482562/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145190970","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gut microbiota dysbiosis promotes coronary heart disease comorbid with depression through lipopolysaccharides and Toll-like receptor 4.","authors":"Yangyu Pan, Yanna Luo, Ge Wu, Yaxi Lu, Ping Yang, Pengyun Kong, Chuncheng Zheng, Chengxiang Wang, Liqiang Yang, Xiaohong Li","doi":"10.1186/s12866-025-04302-y","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12866-025-04302-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Coronary heart disease (CHD) and depression often coexist and complicate patient care. The gut microbiota plays a crucial role in overall health and is involved in both conditions. Dysbiosis, particularly, increased levels of lipopolysaccharides (LPSs), can activate the Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), triggering inflammatory pathways associated with CHD and depression. Although some associations have been observed, the direct mechanistic association among gut dysbiosis, LPSs, TLR4 activation, and comorbidity of CHD and depression remains unclear. Thus, in the present study, we aimed to explore this association and the potential of modulating gut microbiota as a therapeutic strategy.  METHODS: A rat model of CHD and depression was established using a high-fat diet and chronic unpredictable mild stress and verified by electrocardiogram, behavioral assessments, and cardiac marker analysis. Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) was performed by transferring microbiota from diseased rats to healthy rats (FMT-Disease group); the fecal microbiota of the rats from the FMT-Disease and FMT-Normal groups were compared. The TLR4 inhibitor TAK-242 was administered, creating the Disease + TAK-242 and FMT-Disease-TAK-242 groups. Gut microbiota composition was analyzed using 16 S rRNA high-throughput sequencing; LPS levels were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Polymerase chain reaction and western blotting were used to detect the expression of genes and proteins related to the TLR4/MYD88/NF-κB pathway in the heart and hippocampus, respectively.  RESULTS: We confirmed that in the FMT-Disease group, the gut microbiota of diseased rats altered the gut microbial composition of healthy rats in terms of β-diversity, α-diversity, and community structure. Notably, LPS levels in the serum of FMT-Disease rats were elevated, thereby activating the TLR4/MYD88/NF-κB inflammatory pathway and increasing susceptibility to CHD comorbid with depression. Additionally, after receiving fecal microbiota from healthy rats, the Disease group showed a restoration of gut microbiota balance, improvement in general condition, and normalization of pathological, biochemical, and inflammatory indicators, indicating a suppressive effect on the progression of CHD with depression.  CONCLUSION: Our findings further clarify the interrelationship between gut microbiota and CHD comorbid with depression, enhancing our understanding of its pathogenesis. Moreover, we propose a potential novel therapeutic strategy that focuses on modulating gut microbiota composition to block the TLR4/MYD88/NF-κB inflammatory pathway.</p>","PeriodicalId":9233,"journal":{"name":"BMC Microbiology","volume":"25 1","pages":"588"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12465150/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145147817","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Faucicola mancuniensis isolated from human respiratory tract and its genomic characteristicstics.","authors":"Tao Gu, Jian Zhou, Ying Liu, Qing Ma, Chunting Liu, Xiaoyu Wei, Yong Hu, Shijun Li","doi":"10.1186/s12866-025-04253-4","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12866-025-04253-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Faucicola mancuniensis (F. mancuniensis), a Gram-negative bacterium within the Moraxellaceae family, has been isolated from the human respiratory tract. Genomic characteristics, antibiotic resistance profiles, and pathogenic potential of this rarely reported species remain largely unexplored. This study aimed to isolate F. mancuniensis from the human respiratory tract, characterize its genome, functional potential, and antimicrobial susceptibility, and assess its public health significance.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>F. mancuniensis strain HZ006 was isolated from a human respiratory specimen in Guizhou, China. Taxonomic identification was confirmed using 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Morphology and physiological biochemistry were characterized. Whole-genome sequencing was performed using second- and third-generation technologies. Genomic functional annotation utilized GO, KEGG, VFDB, CARD, and four additional databases. Antimicrobial susceptibility against 29 antibiotics was determined phenotypically.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>16S rRNA sequencing confirmed strain HZ006 as F. mancuniensis (99.58% identity). HZ006 is an aerobic, Gram-negative coccobacillus (observed via electron microscopy), lacking flagella and spores. Optimal growth occurred at 18-37°C on blood agar, forming smooth, moist, circular colonies (~ 1.0 mm diameter). The complete genome is 2,740,046 bp with a G + C content of 40.38 mol%, encoding 2594 predicted genes. Annotation revealed 104 putative virulence factors (VFDB) and 27 antibiotic resistance genes (CARD), indicating potential pathogenicity and resistance mechanisms. Phenotypic testing, however, showed HZ006 was susceptible to all 29 antibiotics tested.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study reports the first isolation and complete genome sequence of F. mancuniensis (HZ006) from a human specimen in China. Comprehensive genomic annotation and phenotypic characterization, including electron microscopy, provide foundational data on this species. While genomic analysis suggests potential pathogenicity and resistance mechanisms, the observed phenotypic susceptibility to all tested antibiotics informs potential treatment strategies. These findings significantly enhance our understanding of F. mancuniensis and its public health relevance.</p>","PeriodicalId":9233,"journal":{"name":"BMC Microbiology","volume":"25 1","pages":"587"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12465675/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145147689","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ligilactobacillus salivarius alleviated intestinal damage induced by Salmonella in mice via regulating microbiota.","authors":"Xiaohui Liang, Qin He, Chang Xu, Munwar Ali, Linlin Gu, Muhammad Safdar, Qudratullah, Kun Li","doi":"10.1186/s12866-025-04277-w","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12866-025-04277-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Salmonella is a major foodborne etiological agent with serious drug resistance, and the pursuit of novel therapeutic agents for the prevention and control of Salmonella infections is of paramount significance.</p><p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This study aimed to investigate the regulatory effects of Ligilactobacillus salivarius (L. salivarius) on intestinal damage in mice infected with Salmonella.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Thirty healthy, four-week-old ICR mice were divided into three groups: a control group, an infection model group, and a L. salivarius treatment group. Specifically, mice in the treatment group were orally administered L. salivarius for 15 days before being infected with Salmonella. Following a 24-hour post-infection period, samples were collected from the duodenum, jejunum, ileum, cecum, colon, and rectum. These samples were analyzed for bacterial load and histopathological changes, comparing the model and treatment groups. Additionally, rectal contents were subjected to 16 S rRNA and ITS sequencing.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The findings revealed that L. salivarius mitigated the weight loss and organ weight reduction. It also significantly decreased Salmonella counts in the intestinal tract and alleviated the associated intestinal mucosal damage and inflammation. Notably, L. salivarius influenced gut microbiota composition by reducing the abundance of beneficial bacteria such as Coprocola and Acutalibacter, while simultaneously lowering harmful bacterial populations, including Angelakisella, UBA3263, Glomeromycota, Kickxellomycota, Nigrospora, and Fusarium.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Collectively, these findings suggest that L. salivarius protects against Salmonella-induced intestinal damage by reducing bacterial load, mitigating intestinal injury, and modulating gut microbiota composition.</p>","PeriodicalId":9233,"journal":{"name":"BMC Microbiology","volume":"25 1","pages":"586"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12465566/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145147807","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Plant growth promoting endophytic fungus Aspergillus niger VN2 enhances growth, regulates oxidative stress and protects DNA damage in Vigna radiata under salt stress.","authors":"Pooja Chauhan, Mandeep Singh, Avinash Sharma, Pooja Chadha, Amarjeet Kaur","doi":"10.1186/s12866-025-04209-8","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12866-025-04209-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Plant microbe-interactions contribute in mitigating abiotic environmental stresses in plants. Salinity stress is one of major factor in reducing agricultural productivity. Recently, the use of endophytic fungi has proved as one of the approaches that can help plant growth under salt stress. Therefore, the objective of this study was to isolate halotolerant endophytic fungi and elevate their potential to mitigate salt stress in Vigna radiata.</p><p><strong>Methodology: </strong>Endophytic fungi were isolated from asymptomatic parts of Vachellia nilotica and screened for plant growth-promoting attributes such as IAA production, phosphate solubilization, siderophore production, and halotolerance. Based on growth-promoting characteristics and halotolerance, Aspergillus niger VN2 was selected and colonized in V. radiata. The colonized plants were exposed to different salt concentrations (150 mM, 200 mM, and 250 mM NaCl) to evaluate the effect of A. niger VN2 in mitigating salt stress. The effects of A. niger VN2 colonization on physiological, biochemical, and molecular parameters were assessed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In the present study, an endophytic fungus Aspergillus niger VN2 isolated from Vachellia nilotica exhibited good plant growth promotion properties and halotolerance. A. niger VN2 produced IAA (148.32 ± 2.34 µg/ml IAA), solubilized phosphate, and produced hydroxamate type siderophore (72.66% SU). It also exhibited ACC deaminase ability (134.40 ± 5.45µmolα-ketobutyrate/h/mg protein), and could tolerate up to 15% NaCl. Colonization of A. niger VN2 in V. radiata enhanced salt tolerance, and resulted in increased root and shoot length, biomass, leaf number, chlorophyll content, relative water content, and protein content in salt stressed plants. DPPH scavenging and endogenous IAA levels also increased in treated plants. Oxidative stress parameters viz. proline, electrolyte leakage, and malondialdehyde, were found to decrease in VN2 colonized plants. Fluorescent microscopy studies revealed VN2 colonized plants showed increased cell survival and lowered glutathione and hydrogen peroxide under salt stress. Comet assay was used for determining the genoprotective effect of A. niger VN2. Colonization of A. niger VN2 reduced DNA tail length, % tail DNA, tail moment, and olive tail moment in plants exposed to salt stress. The difference in biochemical molecules viz. protein, carbohydrates, lipid, and nucleic acid in colonized and non-colonized plants under salt stress was revealed by FT-IR spectroscopy and validated by PCA, which showed that A. niger VN2 mitigated salt-induced changes, as colonized samples clustered closely under both conditions.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>From the current study, it can be concluded that colonization of endophytic fungus A. niger VN2 promotes plant growth and can mitigate salt stress in V. radiata by regulating oxidative stress.</p>","PeriodicalId":9233,"journal":{"name":"BMC Microbiology","volume":"25 1","pages":"585"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12466037/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145147782","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Probiotic and aroma-producing Bacillus sp. isolates from teles, a traditional fermented fish from Assam, India: functional characterisation and potential application in fermented foods.","authors":"Debashree Borthakur, Bipin Kumar Sharma, Vijay Jagdish Upadhye","doi":"10.1186/s12866-025-04312-w","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12866-025-04312-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Teles is a traditional fermented food native to Assam, India, valued for its unique aroma and potential health benefits. Despite its cultural importance, the beneficial microbial communities in Teles remain poorly characterised, particularly with respect to probiotic functionality and food-enhancing properties. This study aimed to isolate and characterize microbial strains from Teles for their probiotic potential and aroma-producing capabilities, targeting their application as functional starter cultures in food fermentation.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Bacterial strains were isolated from Teles and evaluated for essential probiotic traits, including tolerance to acid (pH 2.0), salt (8% NaCl), bile (2.0%), and phenol (0.4%). Phenol tolerance-the ability to survive toxic compounds generated during digestion-was used to assess intestinal robustness. Auto-aggregation-the ability of bacteria to clump together-was measured as an indicator of their potential to form stable colonies in the gastrointestinal tract. Adhesion to intestinal surfaces was assessed using chicken crop epithelial cells. Pathogenicity of the isolates was confirmed by screening for haemolytic activity, DNase production, and antibiotic susceptibility. Functional validation involved fermenting milk and rice substrates (to produce curd and rice beverage), followed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis of flavour compounds. Strain identification was conducted via 16 S rRNA gene sequencing.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Out of 35 isolates, strain TL/NA/2 (Bacillus sp.; GenBank Accession No. PQ473688.1) emerged as the most functionally promising strain. It exhibited high tolerance to multiple stressors: acid (pH 2.0), 8% NaCl, 2.0% bile, and 0.4% phenol. TL/NA/2 showed a strong self-clumping ability (27.88 ± 1.04% auto-aggregation after 5 h) and adhered well to epithelial cells (84.19 ± 1.28%). The strain was non-haemolytic, DNase-negative, and sensitive to several clinically relevant antibiotics. GC-MS profiling revealed production of beneficial flavour compounds including pyrazine, heptane, and oxalic acid. Sensory evaluation of the fermented products confirmed improved flavour and overall acceptability.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Strain TL/NA/2 (Bacillus sp.) demonstrates strong probiotic potential along with the capacity to enhance flavour, making it a suitable multifunctional starter culture for developing functional fermented foods and beverages. Its stress resilience, safety profile, and sensory benefits position it as a promising candidate for industrial probiotic applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":9233,"journal":{"name":"BMC Microbiology","volume":"25 1","pages":"579"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12462176/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145136253","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Antimicrobial activity of some bacteria isolated from marine sponge in Neom region, Saudi Arabia.","authors":"Mayadh Al Aboghaubar, Bothaina Alaidaroos, Ahmed Al-Hejin, Noor Bataweel, Shahira Hassoubah","doi":"10.1186/s12866-025-04249-0","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12866-025-04249-0","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9233,"journal":{"name":"BMC Microbiology","volume":"25 1","pages":"584"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12462304/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145136525","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Antibiotic-resistance and virulence-related genes in commercially bottled natural mineral waters.","authors":"Giulia Radocchia, Francesca Brunetti, Massimiliano Marazzato, Daniela Scribano, Lucia Nencioni, Anna Teresa Palamara, Serena Schippa, Fabrizio Pantanella","doi":"10.1186/s12866-025-04336-2","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12866-025-04336-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>To date, the presence of antibiotics resistant genes (ARGs) and virulence-related genes (VRGs) has been evidenced in several surface waters, including natural surface water and wastewater, as well as drinking water. Bottled natural mineral waters, which are by law labelled as microbiologically pure at source, from underground aquifers, natural resurgence deposits or well suction pumps, do not undergo purification treatment, and do not experience any chemical decontamination or disinfection treatment, as in the case of drinking water from municipal conduits. The present study aimed to evaluate the presence of ARGs and VRGs, as well as the composition of microbial communities, in commercially bottled natural mineral drinking water by molecular methods. The study involved the analysis of bottled drinking water from four commercial brands. Moreover, an investigation was conducted into the potential association of known mobile elements or insertion sequences with the highlighted ARGs and VRGs.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Four commercial brands of drinking mineral bottled water were selected for analysis. A volume of 100 L from each brand was filtered to recover the microbes present in the water. The microbes successfully recovered on the filter, in conjunction with eventually other particles with a diameter of 0.22 μm or greater, or associated nucleic acids, underwent a process of DNA extraction using specific extraction kit. The extracted cell-DNA was subjected to shotgun sequencing.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Sequence analysis revealed the presence of microbial communities associated with the water samples analyzed. Furthermore, several ARGs and VRGs were identified and, for some of them, a putative taxonomic assignment at genus level was defined.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The results indicated that bottled drinking water may represent a potential reservoir of antibiotic resistance and virulence genes, which could persist and be transferred to other bacteria commonly found in the same water sample, as well as to microorganisms colonizing the human consumer. The use of the new molecular methods, such as next generation sequencing (NGS), could be useful for improving current methodologies for drinking water analysis, also considering their potential role of reservoir of antibiotic resistance and virulence genes, as well as the presence of potentially pathogenic microbes that cannot be detected by conventional cultural methods.</p>","PeriodicalId":9233,"journal":{"name":"BMC Microbiology","volume":"25 1","pages":"583"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12462320/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145136536","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correlation between the mutation rates for ampC derepression and species or ampC genotypes in Enterobacter cloacae complex.","authors":"Lianyan Xie, Yanrong Wu, Qiulan Huang, Jingyong Sun","doi":"10.1186/s12866-025-04310-y","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12866-025-04310-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>In this study, we investigated the correlation between the mutation rates for ampC derepression and species or ampC genotypes in Enterobacter cloacae complex (ECC) susceptible to ceftriaxone. Non-duplicate ceftriaxone-sensitive ECC isolates (90) were obtained from September 2021 to January 2023 at Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai. hsp60 genotyping and PCR were used for species and ampC identification, respectively. Thirteen strains with the negative ampC amplification results were sequenced, and the mutation rates for ampC derepression were determined by performing Luria-Delbrück fluctuation analyses.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among these isolates, E. hormaechei was the most prevalent (54.44%), followed by E. roggenkampii (12.22%), E. cloacae (11.11%), E. bugandensis (10.00%), E. asburiae (4.44%), and E. kobei (4.44%). For E. ludwigii, E. mori, and E. sichuanensis, only a single strain was identified. There were 72 strains with bla_ACT, 13 with bla_MIR, and five with bla_CMH. The ampC-derepressed mutation rate was (2.25 ± 1.81) × 10^-8 for E. asburiae, (3.21 ± 2.96) × 10^-8 for E. bugandensis, (6.06 ± 11.95) × 10^-8 for E. cloacae, (1.12 ± 3.44) × 10^-7 for E. hormaechei, (7.76 ± 11.41) × 10^-8 for E. kobei, (3.99 ± 9.65) × 10^-8 for E. roggenkampii, 5.87 × 10^-8 for E. ludwigii, 1.12 × 10^-7 for E. mori, and 2.17 × 10^-7 for E. sichuanensis. The mutation rate was (8.94 ± 28.61) × 10^-8 for bla_ACT, (2.62 ± 2.16) × 10^-8 for bla_CMH, and (8.10 ± 13.84) × 10^-8 for bla_MIR.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>ECC was found to have high mutation rate-inducible AmpC production with no species or ampC genotype differences. This highlights an important clinical concern, i.e., the high risk of treatment failure with third-generation cephalosporins in individuals with inducible AmpC-containing ECC.</p>","PeriodicalId":9233,"journal":{"name":"BMC Microbiology","volume":"25 1","pages":"581"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12461982/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145136548","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Consumption of traditional Sardinian fermented milk promotes changes in the rat gut microbiota composition and functions.","authors":"Marcello Abbondio, Antonio Palomba, Monica Serra, Cristina Fraumene, Carola Di Meo, Fabio Marongiu, Rosangela Sau, Daniela Pagnozzi, Ezio Laconi, Alessandro Tanca, Sergio Uzzau","doi":"10.1186/s12866-025-04333-5","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12866-025-04333-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Fermented milk products are part of the staple diet for many Mediterranean populations. Most of these traditional foods are enriched with lactobacilli and other lactic acid bacteria, as well as with metabolites resulting from lactose fermentation. Currently, there is very little scientific knowledge on how dietary supplementation with fermented milk affects the composition of the gut microbiota and its metabolic activities.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We integrated 16 S rRNA gene-based taxonomic profiling with metaproteomics-based functional analysis to investigate gut microbiota changes in rats exposed to an 8-week dietary supplementation with casu axedu, a traditional fermented milk produced within rural communities in Sardinia (Italy). Several microbial taxa showed a significantly increased abundance at the end of the dietary treatment, including Phascolarctobacterium, Prevotella, Blautia glucerasea, and Lactococcus lactis, while Bacteroides dorei and Helicobacter rodentium were decreased compared to the control rats. Metaproteomic analysis highlighted a striking reshaping of the Prevotella proteome in agreement with its blooming in casu axedu-fed animals, suggesting an increase of the glycolytic activity through the Embden-Meyerhof-Parnas pathway over the Entner-Doudoroff pathway. Moreover, an increased production of enzymes involved in succinate biosynthesis was observed, which in turn significantly boosted the abundance of Phascolarctobacterium and its production of propionate. Fermented milk consumption also promoted microbial synthesis of branched chain essential amino acids L-valine and L-leucine. Finally, metaproteomic data indicated a reduction of bacterial virulence factors and host inflammatory markers, suggesting that the consumption of casu axedu can have beneficial effects on the gut mucosa health.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our integrated multi-omics approach reveals that dietary supplementation with the traditional Sardinian fermented milk, casu axedu, induces significant shifts in the rat gut microbiota composition and function, characterized by the enrichment of beneficial taxa and metabolic pathways associated with improved gut health and reduced inflammation.</p>","PeriodicalId":9233,"journal":{"name":"BMC Microbiology","volume":"25 1","pages":"578"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12462279/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145136523","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}