Biomarkers in medicinePub Date : 2025-03-01Epub Date: 2025-03-04DOI: 10.1080/17520363.2025.2473131
Cheng'ao Feng, Yu Fan, Hongwei Gao, Bowen Zhang, Xiaojie Lu
{"title":"Expression of MCCC2 in glioma cells and preliminary verification of poor prognosis.","authors":"Cheng'ao Feng, Yu Fan, Hongwei Gao, Bowen Zhang, Xiaojie Lu","doi":"10.1080/17520363.2025.2473131","DOIUrl":"10.1080/17520363.2025.2473131","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aims: </strong>This study mainly explored the regulatory role and mechanism of MCCC2 in GBM.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study verified the expression in clinical samples and GBM cell lines. CCK-8 and cell cloning experiments, flow cytometry, scratch experiments and Transwell chamber experiments were used to detect the effects of MCCC2 expression on proliferation, apoptosis, migration and invasion of GBM cells.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A reduction in MCCC2 expression could significantly lower the protein levels of ERK, decrease p-ERK levels, and inhibit ERK phosphorylation. Ulixertinib, an ERK inhibitor, was shown to hinder the proliferation, migration, and invasion of GBM cells and counteract the regulatory impact of MCCC2 overexpression on GBM cells.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This investigation revealed that suppressing MCCC2 expression impedes the proliferation, migration, and invasion of GBM cells and promotes GBM cell apoptosis by curtailing ERK expression and phosphorylation. This discovery implies that MCCC2 might serve as a potential biological target for anti-GBM therapy, laying the groundwork for future research in this field.</p>","PeriodicalId":9182,"journal":{"name":"Biomarkers in medicine","volume":" ","pages":"205-213"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11916423/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143540272","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Biomarkers in medicinePub Date : 2025-03-01Epub Date: 2025-03-03DOI: 10.1080/17520363.2025.2473304
Emirhan Hancıoğlu, Sevgi Özcan, Esra Dönmez, Cemal Terzioğlu, Ayşegül Kırankaya, Aslıhan Tenekecigil, Ertugrul Okuyan, İrfan Sahin
{"title":"The relationship between serum Lumican levels and myocardial fibrosis in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy.","authors":"Emirhan Hancıoğlu, Sevgi Özcan, Esra Dönmez, Cemal Terzioğlu, Ayşegül Kırankaya, Aslıhan Tenekecigil, Ertugrul Okuyan, İrfan Sahin","doi":"10.1080/17520363.2025.2473304","DOIUrl":"10.1080/17520363.2025.2473304","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is the leading cause of sudden cardiac death in young individuals. Lumican, is an indicator of fibrosis. We aimed to evaluate the relation between serum Lumican levels and presence and extent of myocardial fibrosis in HCM.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The patients diagnosed with HCM between June 2022 and March 2023 were enrolled consecutively in this prospective study. Age and gender-matched healthy individuals formed control group. Two groups were generated according to extent of late gadolinium enhancement (LGE) in HCM patients.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 114 patients were enrolled. Serum Lumican, NT-proBNP levels and maximum wall thickness were revealed as independent risk factors associated with LGE. A cut-off value of 9.06 for Lumican was associated with 67.8% sensitivity and 65.5% specificity in prediction of LGE.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Myocardial fibrosis is one of the important mechanisms in HCM pathophysiology. LGE on cardiac magnetic resonance imaging allows comprehensive evaluation of myocardial fibrosis, the support of diagnosis with a biomarker would be beneficial in clinical practice. Our study revealed that serum Lumican level is an independent predictor of severe LGE in HCM patients. Further studies with larger patient numbers may clarify the importance of Lumican in HCM pathophysiology.</p>","PeriodicalId":9182,"journal":{"name":"Biomarkers in medicine","volume":" ","pages":"187-195"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11916418/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143540275","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Red cell distribution width related to the severity of the disease in patients with AECOPD.","authors":"Yiben Huang, Jianing Wang, Siyao Chen, Zicong Dai, Xuanyang Chen, Xinran Li, Ruizi Xu, Beibei Yu, Chunyan Liu, Xianjing Chen, Pengfei Zhang, Yage Xu, Xiaodiao Zhang","doi":"10.1080/17520363.2025.2468152","DOIUrl":"10.1080/17520363.2025.2468152","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aims: </strong>This research aims to elucidate the association between red cell distribution width (RDW) and the severity of acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AECOPD).</p><p><strong>Patients & methods: </strong>This retrospective study enrolled patients with AECOPD and healthy controls. A comprehensive meta-analysis was further conducted by systematically searching PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Library up to 27 April 2023.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Univariate logistic regression analysis indicated that elevated RDW levels were significantly associated with AECOPD (<i>p</i> = 0.016). The pooled results yielded a diagnostic sensitivity of 0.76 (95% CI: 0.70-0.81) and specificity of 0.53 (95% CI: 0.38-0.68) for RDW in predicting AECOPD severity.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Elevated RDW levels exhibit a linear positive correlation with AECOPD severity, further supported by meta-analysis.</p>","PeriodicalId":9182,"journal":{"name":"Biomarkers in medicine","volume":"19 5","pages":"177-186"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11916365/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143603098","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"NLR as prognostic biomarker for metastatic renal cell carcinoma patients treated with cytoreductive nephrectomy.","authors":"Huanrui Liu, Senlin Li, Fan Zhang, Weiyang He, Xin Gou, Xu Zhang, Yongpeng Xie","doi":"10.1080/17520363.2025.2471746","DOIUrl":"10.1080/17520363.2025.2471746","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This study aimed to determine the prognostic value of preoperative Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) in patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC) undergoing cytoreductive nephrectomy (CN).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We retrospectively investigated the clinicopathological data of patients with mRCC from two Chinese hospitals (2008-2018). Patients were stratified and analyzed for survival prognosis using X-tile software, Kaplan-Meier curves, log-rank test, and univariate/multivariate Cox regression analyses.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The patients were divided into low NLR group (≤2.7) and high NLR group (>2.7) based on the optimal cutoff value of 2.7 obtained using the X-tile software, containing 137 and 93 patients, respectively. Kaplan - Meier analysis indicated that high NLR group had significantly inferior median progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) than low NLR group (median PFS of 8.3 months vs. 17.9 months, <i>p</i> = 0.003 and median OS of 21.6 months vs. 45.1 months, <i>p</i> = 0.009). Multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that NLR was an independent prognostic factor for PFS (hazard ratio [HR], 1.4; 95% CI, 1.1-1.9; <i>p</i> = 0.022) and OS (HR, 1.5; 95% CI, 1.1-2.1; <i>p</i> = 0.015).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Elevated preoperative NLR demonstrates significant association with poor survival in post-CN mRCC patients and may facilitate clinical decision-making.</p>","PeriodicalId":9182,"journal":{"name":"Biomarkers in medicine","volume":" ","pages":"215-222"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11916357/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143514708","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Biomarkers in medicinePub Date : 2025-03-01Epub Date: 2025-02-12DOI: 10.1080/17520363.2025.2463882
Patrycja Mołek-Dziadosz, Joanna Natorska, Paweł T Matusik, Wiktoria Wojciechowska, Marek Rajzer, Renata Rajtar-Salwa, Stanisław Bartuś, Andrzej Surdacki, Krzysztof P Malinowski, Aleksandra Lenart-Migdalska, Maria Olszowska, Michał Ząbczyk
{"title":"Left ventricular remodeling in atrial fibrillation is associated with elevated NAP-2 and 3-nitrotyrosine.","authors":"Patrycja Mołek-Dziadosz, Joanna Natorska, Paweł T Matusik, Wiktoria Wojciechowska, Marek Rajzer, Renata Rajtar-Salwa, Stanisław Bartuś, Andrzej Surdacki, Krzysztof P Malinowski, Aleksandra Lenart-Migdalska, Maria Olszowska, Michał Ząbczyk","doi":"10.1080/17520363.2025.2463882","DOIUrl":"10.1080/17520363.2025.2463882","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Atrial fibrillation (AF) coexists with left ventricular (LV) dysfunction and remodeling. Neutrophil infiltration of cardiac muscle tissue and oxidative stress are associated with cardiac remodeling.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>In 221 AF patients aged 70 (62-76) years, LV remodeling was assessed using echocardiography. Plasma concentrations of neutrophil-activating peptide 2 (NAP-2) and 3-nitrotyrosine were measured.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>AF patients with concentric and eccentric hypertrophy showed higher NAP-2 levels than those with normal LV geometry (+41% and + 29%, <i>p</i> = 0.001 and <i>p</i> = 0.025, respectively). Moreover, concentric hypertrophy was associated with 85% higher 3-nitrotyrosine level (<i>p</i> = 0.01) compared to normal LV geometry.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Elevated NAP-2, associated with oxidative damage, may contribute to the development of LV hypertrophy.</p>","PeriodicalId":9182,"journal":{"name":"Biomarkers in medicine","volume":" ","pages":"157-164"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11916376/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143398153","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Biomarkers in medicinePub Date : 2025-03-01Epub Date: 2025-02-27DOI: 10.1080/17520363.2025.2471743
Hatice Eyiol, Azmi Eyiol, Ahmet Taha Sahin
{"title":"Clinical relevance of HRR (hemoglobin to RDW) and RAR (RDW to albumin) in pericarditis.","authors":"Hatice Eyiol, Azmi Eyiol, Ahmet Taha Sahin","doi":"10.1080/17520363.2025.2471743","DOIUrl":"10.1080/17520363.2025.2471743","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>This study evaluated the Hemoglobin to Red Cell Distribution Width Ratio (HRR) and Red Cell Distribution Width to Albumin Ratio (RAR) in acute pericarditis patients, exploring associations with clinical parameters.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective cohort study included 257 patients diagnosed with acute pericarditis (2015-2023). Data on hemoglobin, RDW, albumin, treatments, hospital stay, and recurrence were analyzed using SPSS 27.0.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The mean age was 41 years. HRR averaged 1.067 ± 0.142, and RAR was 0.311. Men had higher hemoglobin and albumin levels, while women had higher platelet and HDL levels. Lower HRR correlated with severe conditions and recurrence, while higher RAR was linked to disease severity and recurrence. Both markers were strongly associated with pericardial effusion and IV steroid need.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>HRR and RAR are valuable biomarkers in acute pericarditis, aiding in assessing disease severity and guiding treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":9182,"journal":{"name":"Biomarkers in medicine","volume":" ","pages":"197-204"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11916353/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143514707","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Biomarkers in medicinePub Date : 2025-02-01Epub Date: 2025-01-22DOI: 10.1080/17520363.2025.2453411
Fugui Lin, Li Yan, Xiumei Yuan, Xingwen Yang, Xiaoyan Yang, Yang Yang, Li Ma, Lianhua Wei, Dehong Li
{"title":"Implications of Raftlin in different diseases: from molecular biology to diagnostic value.","authors":"Fugui Lin, Li Yan, Xiumei Yuan, Xingwen Yang, Xiaoyan Yang, Yang Yang, Li Ma, Lianhua Wei, Dehong Li","doi":"10.1080/17520363.2025.2453411","DOIUrl":"10.1080/17520363.2025.2453411","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Raftlin (raft-linking) protein is an essential component of the lipid raft structure and plays a crucial role in B and T cell signaling pathways. It facilitates B cell receptor (BCR) signaling by promoting calcium mobilization and tyrosine phosphorylation in the cells while colocalizing with BCR on the cell membrane. Interestingly, Raftlin is internalized in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated T cells by colocalization with Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), wherein it exerts a similar role as in B cells. The protein also effectuates poly(I:C) internalization into TLR3-positive endosomes in dendritic and epithelial cells through clathrin binding, thereby affecting interferon-β production. In addition, Raftlin controls the vascular endothelial cells and participates in cell growth and proliferation. Recent studies have indicated Raftlin to be a novel biomarker for the diagnosis due to its upregulated expression in malignant diseases. In this integrated study, we present the biological functions of Raftlin and its expression to provide a theoretical basis for the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of various diseases.</p>","PeriodicalId":9182,"journal":{"name":"Biomarkers in medicine","volume":" ","pages":"91-99"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11792867/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143000266","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Biomarkers in medicinePub Date : 2025-02-01Epub Date: 2025-01-28DOI: 10.1080/17520363.2025.2459591
Ashok Kumar Pannu
{"title":"Uncertainty in the diagnosis and prognosis of adult-onset Still's disease.","authors":"Ashok Kumar Pannu","doi":"10.1080/17520363.2025.2459591","DOIUrl":"10.1080/17520363.2025.2459591","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9182,"journal":{"name":"Biomarkers in medicine","volume":" ","pages":"101-103"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11834521/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143051585","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Albumin-bilirubin score: a promising predictor of postoperative distant metastasis in patients with colorectal cancer.","authors":"Xiuying Shi, Shuyi Zhang, Baijun Bao, Hui Cong, Xiaomin Lu, Aijun Shi","doi":"10.1080/17520363.2025.2455928","DOIUrl":"10.1080/17520363.2025.2455928","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>The objective of this study was to investigate the prognostic significance of the preoperative serum albumin-bilirubin (ALBI) score in patients with colorectal cancer (CRC).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Preoperative ALBI data from 1506 CRC patients were categorized into high-value and low-value groups, and the clinicopathological characteristics of these groups were compared. A Cox proportional hazards regression model was employed to investigate the risk factors associated with distant metastasis. The Kaplan-Meier method and log-rank test were utilized to analyze the relationship between ALBI scores and 5-year distant metastasis-free survival (DMFS).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The incidence of distant metastasis in group B (ALBI ≥ -2.4) was significantly higher at 28.81% compared to group A (ALBI < -2.4), which had an incidence of 23.36% (<i>p</i> = 0.018). ALBI score ≥ -2.4 was identified as an independent risk factor for postoperative distant metastasis of CRC (HR = 1.251, 95%CI: 1.021-1.533, <i>p</i> = 0.031). The incidence of 5-year DMFS was significantly lower in the ALBI ≥ -2.4 group compared to that observed in the ALBI < -2.4 group (χ<sup>2</sup> = 5.97, <i>p</i> = 0.015, log-rank test).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The ALBI score of ≥ -2.4 emerges as an independent risk factor for the occurrence of distant metastases following CRC surgery.</p>","PeriodicalId":9182,"journal":{"name":"Biomarkers in medicine","volume":" ","pages":"73-79"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11792804/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143000265","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Biomarkers in medicinePub Date : 2025-02-01Epub Date: 2025-01-31DOI: 10.1080/17520363.2025.2455924
X H Chen, L Li, S Y Ma, C Q Ling, J Q Lai, H J Yao, W B Guo, Y Yang, Y Zhang, W J Lin, F Z He
{"title":"Arginase 1 genetic variation is associated with the risk of vascular complications in type 2 diabetes.","authors":"X H Chen, L Li, S Y Ma, C Q Ling, J Q Lai, H J Yao, W B Guo, Y Yang, Y Zhang, W J Lin, F Z He","doi":"10.1080/17520363.2025.2455924","DOIUrl":"10.1080/17520363.2025.2455924","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aims to explore the association between arginase 1 (ARG1) genetic variation and susceptibility to type 2 diabetes (T2DM) vascular complications, a primary cause of morbidity and mortality in diabetics.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>ARG1, a risk gene for cardiovascular disease, was identified from GEO datasets GSE22255 and GSE58294. The ENCODE database identified four candidate single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) loci. Nine hundred ninety-two T2DM patients underwent SNP genotyping, and relevant biochemical markers were tested. Logistic regression analysis calculated the odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) between ARG1 SNP and diabetic vascular complications.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Out of 985 patients, 250 had CHD, with the TTTG group accounting for 64/250. This group showed a significant reduction in CHD risk (non-TTTG factor-adjusted OR = 1.61, 95% CI: 1.14-2.29, <i>p</i> = 0.008). The combination of the TTTG group, age, central obesity, and hypertension better predicted CHD risk (Area under the curve = 0.72, <i>p</i> < 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>ARG1 polymorphisms significantly impact vascular complications in T2DM patients, implying that ARG1 genetic variation may be a potential prevention and treatment target.</p><p><strong>Trial registration: </strong>ChiCTR1800015661.</p>","PeriodicalId":9182,"journal":{"name":"Biomarkers in medicine","volume":" ","pages":"63-72"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11792801/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143063729","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}