{"title":"Utilization of duckweed-derived biomass for polyhydroxybutyrate production in Escherichia coli via dual enzymatic saccharification using amylase and cellulase complex.","authors":"Toshihiko Ooi,Rikako Sato,Ken'ichiro Matsumoto","doi":"10.1093/bbb/zbae127","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/bbb/zbae127","url":null,"abstract":"Duckweed is a rapid-growing plant with a high starch and low lignin content. The duckweed was saccharified via dual enzymatic treatment using amylase and cellulase complex. The duckweed-derived glucose was utilized for polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB) production in engineered Escherichia coli. In addition, the low concentration supplementation of the duckweed extract promoted cell growth compared to the analytical grade glucose.","PeriodicalId":9175,"journal":{"name":"Bioscience, Biotechnology, and Biochemistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142268561","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Decomposition of brown algae in the ocean by microbiota: biological insights for recycling blue carbon.","authors":"Natsuko Katsuhiro, Kanomi Sato, Ryuichi Takase, Shigeyuki Kawai, Kohei Ogura, Wataru Hashimoto","doi":"10.1093/bbb/zbae126","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/bbb/zbae126","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Brown algae are one of the most abundant biomasses on Earth. To recycle them as blue carbon sources, an effective decomposition system is necessary. This study focused on microorganisms present in seawater that decompose brown algae which contain laminarin and alginate. Where Undaria and Sargassum spp. were present, genera Psychromonas, Psychrobacter, and Pseudoalteromonas were predominant in seawater, while genera Arcobacter and Fusobacterium increased in abundance during the process of decomposition. The inoculation of Undaria samples into laminarin-minimal media led to a predominance of Pseudoalteromonas species. A Pseudoalteromonas isolate, identified as Pseudoalteromonas distincta, possesses genes encoding a putative laminarinase, polysaccharide lyase family 6 (PL6) alginate lyases, and a PL7 alginate lyase. The culture media of P. distincta contained no monosaccharides, suggesting the rapid conversion of polysaccharides to metabolites. These findings indicated that Pseudoalteromonas species play a major role in the decomposition of brown algae and affect the microbiota associated with them.</p>","PeriodicalId":9175,"journal":{"name":"Bioscience, Biotechnology, and Biochemistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142139275","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Identification of sesquiterpene aldehydes as volatile antifungal compounds in Phaeolepiota aurea culture filtrate.","authors":"Kota Seki, Tomoya Tanaka, Emiko Shimoda, Shinji Tanio, Ryo C Yanagita, Tsugumi Miyazaki, Kento Tokumoto, Toshiaki Tazawa, Kumiko Osaki-Oka, Atsushi Ishihara","doi":"10.1093/bbb/zbae125","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/bbb/zbae125","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The culture filtrate extract of golden bootleg (Phaeolepiota aurea) exhibited strong antifungal activity in a bioassay for volatile compounds. Purification of active compounds through silica gel column chromatography and HPLC isolated two compounds, 1 and 2, with molecular weights of 234 and 259, respectively, as confirmed by mass spectrometry. NMR analysis identified these compounds as new sesquiterpenoids with the α-bourbonene skeleton. Both compounds had an aldehyde group, while 2 possessed a cyanohydrin group. These compounds were named phaeolep aldehydes A (1) and B (2). Phaeolep aldehyde A inhibited hyphae elongation of Penicillium citrinum, Aspergillus niger, Cladosporium sphaerospermum, and Alternaria brassicicola at 10 ppm, but did not exhibit any antibacterial activity. In contrast, phaeolep aldehyde B exhibited potent inhibitory effects on the spore germination of Pe. citrinum, achieving 58.2% inhibition at 0.25 ppm, outperforming phaeolep aldehyde A, which exhibited 25.7% inhibition at 10 ppm.</p>","PeriodicalId":9175,"journal":{"name":"Bioscience, Biotechnology, and Biochemistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142139276","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Investigation of physiological roles of UDP-glycosyltransferase UGT76F2 in auxin homeostasis through the TAA-YUCCA auxin biosynthesis pathway.","authors":"Mio Harada, Tomoaki Kubotsu, Takemoto Agui, Xinhua Dai, Yunde Zhao, Hiroyuki Kasahara, Ken-Ichiro Hayashi","doi":"10.1093/bbb/zbae124","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/bbb/zbae124","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cellular auxin (indole-3-acetic acid, IAA) levels are coordinately regulated by IAA biosynthesis and inactivation. IAA is synthesized through sequential reactions by two enzymes, TAA1 and YUCCA, in a linear indole-3-pyruvic acid (IPA) pathway. TAA1 converts tryptophan to IPA, and YUCCA catalyzes the oxidative decarboxylation of IPA into IAA. Arabidopsis UDP-glycosyltransferase UGT76F2 (At3g55710) was previously reported to catalyze the glycosylation of IPA and consequently modulate IAA levels. We carefully analyzed the physiological roles of UGT76F2 and its close homolog UGT76F1 (At3g55700) in IAA homeostasis. We generated two independent ugt76f1 ugt76f2 double null Arabidopsis mutants (ugt76f1f2) with a 2.7 kb deletion, along with two independent ugt76f2 single null mutants by CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing technology. Surprisingly, these null mutants exhibited indistinguishable phenotypes from the wild-type seedlings under our laboratory conditions. Our results indicate that UGT76F1 and UGT76F2 do not play important roles in regulating IAA biosynthesis via the IPA glycosylation.</p>","PeriodicalId":9175,"journal":{"name":"Bioscience, Biotechnology, and Biochemistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142131828","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Subcellular compartmentalized localization of transmembrane proteins essential for production of fungal cyclic peptide cyclochlorotine.","authors":"Takuya Katayama, Yulu Jiang, Taro Ozaki, Hideaki Oikawa, Atsushi Minami, Jun-Ichi Maruyama","doi":"10.1093/bbb/zbae122","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/bbb/zbae122","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Fungal biosynthetic gene clusters often include genes encoding transmembrane proteins, which have been mostly thought to be transporters exporting the products. However, there is little knowledge about subcellular compartmentalization of transmembrane proteins essential for biosynthesis. Fungal mycotoxin cyclochlorotine is synthesized by non-ribosomal peptide synthetase, which is followed by modifications with three transmembrane UstYa-family proteins. Heterologous expression in Aspergillus oryzae revealed that total biosynthesis of cyclochlorotine requires additional two transporter proteins. Here, we investigated subcellular localizations of the five transmembrane proteins under heterologous expression in A. oryzae. Enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP) fusions to the transmembrane proteins, which were confirmed to normally function in cyclochlorotine production, were expressed together with organellar markers. All the transmembrane proteins exhibited localizations commonly in line of the trans-Golgi, endosomes, and vacuoles. This study suggests that subcellular compartmentalization of UstYa family proteins and transporters allows corporative functions of delivering intermediates and subsequent modifications, completing cyclochlorotine biosynthesis.</p>","PeriodicalId":9175,"journal":{"name":"Bioscience, Biotechnology, and Biochemistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142131830","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Gyeong Han Jeong, Hanui Lee, Kyung-Bon Lee, Byung Yeoup Chung, Hyoung-Woo Bai
{"title":"Molecular modification of chlorogenic acid via radiolysis with inhibitory effects on NO production.","authors":"Gyeong Han Jeong, Hanui Lee, Kyung-Bon Lee, Byung Yeoup Chung, Hyoung-Woo Bai","doi":"10.1093/bbb/zbae123","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/bbb/zbae123","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The molecular modification of chlorogenic acid (1) through γ-irradiation resulted in the formation of five new products: chlorogenosins A (2), B (3), C (4), D (5), and E (6) along with known compounds rosmarinosin B (7), protocatechuic acid (8), and protocatechuic aldehyde (9). The structures of the new compounds were elucidated using spectroscopic methods, including one-dimensional and two-dimensional nuclear magnetic resonance, high-resolution electrospray ionization mass spectroscopy, and circular dichroism spectroscopy. The potential anti-inflammatory activities of all the isolated compounds were determined by evaluating their inhibitory effects on the nitric oxide production in lipopolysaccharide-induced RAW 264.7 macrophages. Notably, compounds 2 and 3, which contained two hydroxymethyl functionalities instead of the trans-olefinic moiety present in the original chlorogenic acid, exhibited stronger inhibitory effects on NO production than that of the original compound. These findings suggest that the predominant chemical changes induced in chlorogenic acid by γ-irradiation may enhance its anti-inflammatory properties.</p>","PeriodicalId":9175,"journal":{"name":"Bioscience, Biotechnology, and Biochemistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142131829","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yuta Uemura, Satomi Sakaoka, Atsushi Morikami, Hironaka Tsukagoshi
{"title":"Glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchored lipid transfer proteins influence root cap cuticle formation at primary root tips, promoting NaCl tolerance in Arabidopsis seedlings.","authors":"Yuta Uemura, Satomi Sakaoka, Atsushi Morikami, Hironaka Tsukagoshi","doi":"10.1093/bbb/zbae117","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/bbb/zbae117","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Root cap cuticles (RCCs), comprising mainly very-long-chain fatty acids (VLCFAs), promote salt tolerance by preventing ion influx. Glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchored lipid transfer protein (LTPG)1 and LTPG2 participate in VLCFA deposition in the extracellular region, aiding RCC formation in the lateral roots. In this study, we investigated whether LTPG1 and LTPG2 have similar functions in the primary roots of young Arabidopsis thaliana. Phenotypic analyses, fluorescence microscopy, and RT-qPCR confirmed that NaCl exposure induced LTPG1 and LTPG2 expression and promoted RCC formation in young primary roots. The loss of RCC in the ltpg1 and ltpg2 mutants resulted in increased NaCl sensitivity of root elongation. NaCl also upregulated the expression of several NaCl-responsive genes in ltpg1 and ltpg2. We conclude that RCC formation via LTPG function is pivotal in enhancing salt tolerance in young primary roots.</p>","PeriodicalId":9175,"journal":{"name":"Bioscience, Biotechnology, and Biochemistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142118980","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ken-Ichi Yoshida, Kyosuke Yokoyama, Ayşegül Öktem, Shu Ishikawa, Jan Maarten van Dijl, Masato Yotsuya, Ryosuke Sato
{"title":"Bacillus subtilis grown in a \"breathing\" vessel without sparger aeration.","authors":"Ken-Ichi Yoshida, Kyosuke Yokoyama, Ayşegül Öktem, Shu Ishikawa, Jan Maarten van Dijl, Masato Yotsuya, Ryosuke Sato","doi":"10.1093/bbb/zbae120","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/bbb/zbae120","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Here we present a \"breathing\" vessel consisting of expanded polytetrafluoroethylene, which allows gas exchange but no liquid permeation. The bacterial culture inside needs only agitation to promote air supply. Using this setup, a Bacillus subtilis cell factory for scyllo-inositol production grew to produce scyllo-inositol efficiently. The results indicate that our approach represents a sustainable \"greener\" approach for the cell factory.</p>","PeriodicalId":9175,"journal":{"name":"Bioscience, Biotechnology, and Biochemistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142118979","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Effects of acetic acid fermentation product and its components on defense signaling in rice.","authors":"Koharu Abe, Manae Mori, Akira Nakayama","doi":"10.1093/bbb/zbae121","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/bbb/zbae121","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Acetic acid fermentation product made from isomalto-oligosaccharide as the main raw material is composed of isomalto-oligosaccharide and acetic acid. In this paper, we have shown that the fermentation product enhanced the expression of disease resistance genes in rice, and that its main functional component was acetic acid. It has been reported so far that acetic acid enhances the jasmonic acid signaling pathway while the role of isomalto-oligosaccharide in plant defense signaling remains unclear. In this study, we demonstrated the possibility that isomalto-oligosaccharide sifted part of the jasmonic acid signaling pathway, which is enhanced by acetic acid, to the salicylic acid signaling pathway, which is the other major defense pathway. Furthermore, glucose, a constituent monosaccharide of isomalto-oligosaccharide, and a disaccharide maltose had little effect on the signaling pathway, but a trisaccharide maltotriose tended to have similar effect to isomalto-oligosaccharide on the defense signaling pathway.</p>","PeriodicalId":9175,"journal":{"name":"Bioscience, Biotechnology, and Biochemistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142104415","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}