BMC Neurology最新文献

{"title":"Perioperative Efgartigimod treatment for acute myasthenia gravis exacerbation with retroperitoneal mass: a case report.","authors":"Jinyi Yan, Kalam Choi, Peicai Fu, Yue Li, Zhijun Li","doi":"10.1186/s12883-025-04438-4","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12883-025-04438-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This case demonstrates the efficacy and safety of efgartigimod in managing an acute exacerbation of myasthenia gravis (MG) with comorbid Castleman disease, particularly during the perioperative care of retroperitoneal mass resection.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A 23-year-old female was admitted with the discovery of a retroperitoneal Mass, confirmed via abdominal enhanced CT and MRI. The patient had generalized MG since 2017, with controlled but fluctuating symptoms.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Preoperative assessment showed albumin levels were slightly reduced and respiratory function demonstrated severe restrictive ventilation impairment. There was acute exacerbation of muscle weakness (MG Foundation of America (MGFA) class IVb, MG-activities of daily living (ADL) score 8, and quantitative MG (QMG) score 20) with respiratory and medullary symptoms. Treatment with efgartigimod (10 mg/kg/week), prednisone 15 mg/day and pyridostigmine 270 mg/day was initiated. The symptoms improved substantially after four infusions (MG-ADL score 0, QMG score 6), and the lung function recovered. The patient continued efgartigimod treatment and underwent retroperitoneal mass resection. The mass showed massive lymph node hyperplasia (Castleman's disease, mixed type). Postoperatively, the patient experienced no infection, MG exacerbation, or other complications.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>Efgartigimod had a rapid onset of action, swiftly improved symptoms during acute MG exacerbation, and maintained symptom stability during the perioperative care.</p>","PeriodicalId":9170,"journal":{"name":"BMC Neurology","volume":"25 1","pages":"384"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12462191/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145147765","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association between cytokines and neuropsychiatric symptoms in paediatric narcolepsy patients: a cross-sectional study.","authors":"Xing Wei, Shuman Feng, Liuyi Li, Shuyan Feng","doi":"10.1186/s12883-025-04359-2","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12883-025-04359-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Narcolepsy is often accompanied by depressive and anxiety symptoms, but the underlying immunological mechanisms remain unclear. Inflammatory cytokines may play a role in both disease onset and psychiatric comorbidities. This study aimed to investigate the association between circulating inflammatory cytokines and neuropsychiatric symptoms in paediatric narcolepsy patients, in order to explore the potential role of immune dysregulation in disease pathogenesis and comorbid mood disorders.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This cross-sectional study included 78 paediatric narcolepsy patients and 80 age-matched controls. Cytokine levels and lymphocyte subsets were measured using ELISA and flow cytometry. Depression and anxiety symptoms were assessed using the HAMD-24 and HAMA-14 scales. Logistic regression was used to identify immune markers associated with narcolepsy diagnosis, while linear regression assessed their relationships with depressive and anxiety symptoms.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Compared to healthy controls, paediatric narcolepsy patients exhibited significantly elevated levels of IL-6, IL-2, IL-4, TNF-α, IFN-γ, and IL-17 A, alongside reduced IL-10 levels (all P < 0.05). Logistic regression analysis identified IL-6 as an independent risk factor for narcolepsy (OR = 1.46, 95% CI: 1.02-1.93, P = 0.003). Furthermore, IL-6 and the IL-6/IL-10 ratio were positively associated with depressive symptom severity as measured by HAMD-24 scores (P = 0.023 and P = 0.018, respectively). The IFN-γ/IL-4 ratio was independently associated with anxiety symptoms, as reflected by HAMA-14 scores (P = 0.007), after adjusting for confounding variables.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These findings suggest that pro-inflammatory cytokines, especially IL-6, are involved in the pathophysiology of paediatric narcolepsy and its related depressive and anxiety symptoms. IL-6 may serve as a potential biomarker and therapeutic target for early intervention.</p>","PeriodicalId":9170,"journal":{"name":"BMC Neurology","volume":"25 1","pages":"382"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12462356/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145136598","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rapid eye movement sleep without Atonia in healthy university students without clinical rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder.","authors":"Yuka Kiyohara, Hajime Kumagai, Mitsuo Hayashi, Akiko Kanoh, Kana Asada, Misao Yokoyama, Moe Yamagami, Kengo Kawaguchi, Hiroyuki Sawatari, Noriyuki Konishi, Toshiaki Shiomi","doi":"10.1186/s12883-025-04401-3","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12883-025-04401-3","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9170,"journal":{"name":"BMC Neurology","volume":"25 1","pages":"383"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12462117/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145136511","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sensitivity and specificity of the Montreal cognitive assessment using U.S. National alzheimer coordinating centre uniform data set: a retrospective analysis of 16,309 participants.","authors":"Youssef A Ismail, Huda A Auf, Shahd A Sadik, Nada M Ahmed, Yasmeen Ali","doi":"10.1186/s12883-025-04190-9","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12883-025-04190-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Neurodegenerative diseases (NDDs), like Alzheimer's disease, are characterized by progressive cognitive decline, with limited effective treatments available. Several screening tools are available for diagnosing various types of dementia, including the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA), the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), and the Dementia Rating Scale (DRS).</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aims to evaluate the sensitivity and specificity of MoCA to determine its suitability as a screening tool.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study analyzed data from participants aged 55 and older, recruited from U.S. Alzheimer's Disease Research Centers (ADRCs), using a National Alzheimer Coordinating Center Uniformed Data Set (NACC-UDS). Participants were classified based on patient records into demented and non-demented groups, with the non-demented group further categorized into those with normal cognition and cognitive impairment (CI). This analysis examines the correlation between these classifications and MoCA scores.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>This study utilized an initial dataset of 188,700 participant records from NACC. After applying inclusion criteria, 16,309 participants were included. The participants had complete diagnostic information, clinician-conducted cognitive assessments, and MoCA scores. The participants were categorized into three groups: 7,624 with no cognitive impairment (NoCI), 4,893 with CI, and 3,792 with dementia. This study focused on MoCA scores, revealing significant differences among diagnostic groups. ROC analysis demonstrated the MoCA's strong diagnostic capability, with AUC values significantly above 0.5 (P <.001). Sensitivity and specificity were calculated in at the literature-recommended cutoff scores of 26 and 21, while the optimal cutoff scores were identified as (< 24) for detecting MCI and (< 21) for dementia based on the Youden index in reference to individuals with no cognitive impairment. Although PPV was generally low, the high NPV across comparisons underscores the MoCA's effectiveness in ruling out cognitive impairment.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The study confirms MoCA as an effective tool for detecting dementia, showing 83% sensitivity and 82% specificity at a cutoff value of 21. With a high NPV of 94%, MoCA is particularly reliable for ruling out dementia. Its ability to detect MCI is moderate, with a sensitivity of 77.3% at cutoff of 24 among normal population.</p>","PeriodicalId":9170,"journal":{"name":"BMC Neurology","volume":"25 1","pages":"381"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12455826/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145129972","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of forward and backward walking on gait parameters across parkinson's disease stages and severity: a prospective observational study.","authors":"Tracy Milane, Nicolas Vuillerme, Pascal Petit, Elke Warmerdam, Robbin Romijnders, Edoardo Bianchini, Walter Maetzler, Clint Hansen","doi":"10.1186/s12883-025-04321-2","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12883-025-04321-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Parkinson's disease (PD) is characterized by motor symptoms altering gait domains such as slow walking speed, reduced step and stride length, and increased double support time. Gait disturbances occur in the early, mild to moderate, and advanced stages of the disease in both backward walking (BW) and forward walking (FW), but are more pronounced in BW. At this point, however, no information is available about BW performance and disease stages specified using the Hoehn and Yahr (H&Y) scale. The objectives of this study were to examine the link between clinical scores and gait parameters in PD, and to assess gait parameters in both FW and BW among PD patients in early disease stages (H&Y: 1-2) and advanced disease stages (H&Y: 3-4), as well as among PD patients with mild and moderate disease severity as per the Movement Disorder Society-Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale Part III (MDS-UPDRS III).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Spatiotemporal gait parameters were analyzed during FW and BW over a 5-meter walkway at a comfortable speed using 3D motion capture. Correlations and regressions between clinical scores and gait parameters were examined. Wilcoxon Mann-Whitney rank sum tests were used to compare PD patients in early and advanced disease stages and assess differences in gait parameters for both FW and BW conditions.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The study included a total of 25 PD patients (aged 65 ± 9 years), among whom 10 were in the H&Y stages 1-2 and 15 in stages 3-4. All participants were evaluated with the MDS-UPDRS III, with 17 having a total score ≤ 32 (mild impairment and disability) and 8 having a total score > 32 (moderate impairment and disability). During BW, PD patients with H&Y stages 1-2 had significantly (p < 0.05) longer step lengths, stride lengths, and a higher walk ratio compared to those with H&Y stage 3-4. Regardless of the walking condition, no difference was found between PD patients with a MDS-UPDRS III total score ≤ 32 and patients with a MDS-UPDRS III total score > 32.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>The study demonstrates that individuals with PD in H&Y stages 3-4 exhibit compromised FW and BW abilities in comparison to those in stages 1-2. Notably, the disparities are more prominent in the realm of backward walking. These findings substantiate the existence of distinct gait patterns between the early and advanced stages of the disease, with the variations being particularly accentuated in the context of backward walking.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Taken together, our results suggest that backward walking may hold greater clinical utility in assessing and managing PD patients.</p><p><strong>Trial registration: </strong>The research procedure was approved by the ethical committee of the Medical Faculty of Kiel University (D438/18). The study is registered in the German Clinical Trials Register on 20,200,904 (DRKS00022998).</p>","PeriodicalId":9170,"journal":{"name":"BMC Neurology","volume":"25 1","pages":"379"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12418675/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145028913","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multiple sclerosis patients' journey delay in diagnosis and treatment: a multicenter study.","authors":"Salma Ragab, Basem Hamdy Fouda, Abdallah-Almamun Sarhan, Azza Abbas, Asmaa Mohamed Hassan, Ahmed Embaby, Noha Ali Hashim","doi":"10.1186/s12883-025-04172-x","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12883-025-04172-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To determine factors that contribute to delayed diagnosis and treatment of MS patients. Additionally, the study aimed to evaluate the correlation between diagnostic and therapeutic delay and disease outcome.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The current cohort observational multicenter study was performed at neurology clinics in four cities in Egypt. In this study, 239 MS patients were enrolled. Multiple Sclerosis Severity Scale (MSSS) and Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) were utilized to measure disease severity and disability, respectively. Lag times for diagnosis were calculated in months from the time of the first symptoms to the accurate diagnosis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The results revealed that multiple important variables had a negative impact on the timely diagnosis, including the clinical type, as PPMS had longer delayed diagnoses versus RRMS/SPMS (p < 0.001). Conversely, the occurrence of sensory symptoms at disease onset is linked to prolonged diagnostic delay (p < 0.001). Multivariate logistic regression showed that young age, PPMS, and sensory symptoms were independently associated with delay in MS diagnosis. Patients initially sought medical assistance from ophthalmologists and neurologists, resulting in a significantly more delay in diagnosis (p < 0.001). A statistically positive correlation exists between the time for diagnosis and deterioration of MS assessed by EDSS, MSSS, or PI (p < 0.001). In addition, logistic regression analysis demonstrated that EDSS at diagnosis, delayed diagnosis, and illness duration were independently linked to MS severity (p < 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Many factors prolong the duration of MS diagnosis, including the age at disease onset, the delay in being referred from other medical specialties, and the presence of sensory symptoms at disease onset. Furthermore, MS delayed diagnosis and treatment leads to high disease disability with poor functional outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":9170,"journal":{"name":"BMC Neurology","volume":"25 1","pages":"377"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12406396/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144943004","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Safety and outcome of intravenous thrombolysis in ischemic stroke related to intracranial artery dissection.","authors":"Wen Yang, Jian-Wei Wang, Mei-Xia Zhang, Hong-Fang Chen","doi":"10.1186/s12883-025-04383-2","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12883-025-04383-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The clinical efficacy of intravenous thrombolysis (IVT) for acute ischemic stroke (AIS) associated with intracranial artery dissection (IAD) remains uncertain. This study presents a case of basilar artery dissection (BAD) in a 57-year-old Asian female patient devoid of previous risk factors for stroke who experienced a sudden onset of consciousness disturbance. The patient's clinical condition deteriorated during IVT administration, but subsequent medical intervention and rehabilitative exercises facilitated eventual recovery of daily functioning. MRI eventually identified the etiology of the patient's AIS.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>AIS related to anterior circulation IAD may pose a relatively high risk of hemorrhagic transformation and symptom exacerbation during the early stages of IVT, but the impact on long-term prognosis remains uncertain. Consequently, further investigation is warranted to assess the safety and efficacy of IVT in such patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":9170,"journal":{"name":"BMC Neurology","volume":"25 1","pages":"376"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12406453/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144943103","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The role of Atogepant in migraine prevention: a systematic review and meta-analysis.","authors":"Naresh Kumar Ladhwani, Priya Bai, Rohan Lal, Aresha Masood Shah, Sheela Bai, Ghazi Uddin Ahmed, Rimsha Zameer, Varisha Fatima Shaikh, Arsalan Hyder, Sikander Ali, Muhammad Hamza Beg, Maheen Adeeb, Mahir Tesfaye","doi":"10.1186/s12883-025-04394-z","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12883-025-04394-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Atogepant is a CGRP receptor antagonist used in prevention of migraine. This study assesses the safety and efficacy of this drug in management of migraine headaches.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Cochrane CENTRAL were searched until March 24, 2025. Outcomes assessed included monthly migraine and headache day change from baseline at 12 weeks, ≥ 50% reduction in monthly migraine days (MMD), acute medication use days at 12 weeks, treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAE), score on Role Function-Restrictive domain of MSQ at 12 weeks, score on daily activity performance and physical impairment domains of AIM-D at 12 weeks. Subgroup analysis was performed based on different doses of atogepant.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Six RCTs comprising of 4052 patients were included. Atogepant showed significant improvement in patients with migraine in terms of MMD over 12 weeks at all doses, 10 mg, 30 mg, and 60 mg. Moreover, it also reduced monthly headache days, had 50% reduction in MMD, and reduced days requiring acute medication use. Atogepant was shown to increase the risk of TEAE, particularly gastrointestinal (GI) side effect including constipation and nausea, however, occurrence of other side effects with atogepant use was insignificant.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Atogepant is a highly effective CGRP antagonist for migraine prevention, however, it is associated with increased incidence of GI side effects. Further studies are needed to comprehensively investigate the relationship between atogepant dosage and migraine improvement and safety profile.</p>","PeriodicalId":9170,"journal":{"name":"BMC Neurology","volume":"25 1","pages":"375"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12406345/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144943111","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association between low-grade inflammation and distal sensorimotor polyneuropathy in type 2 diabetes: a cross-sectional study.","authors":"Sihua Huang, Yan Lan, Cheng Zheng, Hongyun Liang, Yanhong Wei, Bing Chen","doi":"10.1186/s12883-025-04379-y","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12883-025-04379-y","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;As inflammatory processes may be involved in the pathogenesis of diabetic distal sensorimotor polyneuropathy (DSPN), the first aim of the present study was to determine the clinical characteristics of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) with distal sensorimotor polyneuorpathy (DSPN). Next goal was to investigate inflammatory biomarkers, insulin-like growth factor- 1 and lipid profile in these patients. Finally, we aimed to compare the renal function in these patients.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;In a cross-sectional study, we included 160 patients diagnosed with T2DM. The control group was included 22 non-diabetic healthy subjects (HC). The patients with diabetes were divided into four groups, absent (n = 74), mild (n = 38), moderate (n = 24), and severe (n = 24) using a nomogram based on the MNSI features for a DSPN severity grading probability.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;Patients with moderate and severe DSPN were a little older and had longer duration of diabetes compared to patients with absent and mild DSPNS (p &lt; 0.05). Serum levels of interferon-gamma (INF-γ), interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-4, IL- 6 levels in patients with severe DSPN were significantly higher than HC, absent, mild and moderate of DSPN (p &lt; 0.05). The circulating levels of insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) were significantly lower in patients with severe DSPN (p &lt; 0.05) compared to absent, mild and moderate of DSPN and HC. Diabetic patients with moderate DSPN showed increased circulating levels of TC, LDL-C, APOB (p &lt; 0.05) compared to HC and patients with absent, mild and severe DSPN. Moreover, APO-A1/APOB was significantly lower in patients with diabetes compared to HC. In addition, patients with severe DSPN showed increased Cystatin C (p &lt; 0.05) compared to HC and absent, mild, and moderate DSPN. Multivariate ordered logistic regression analysis showed that the levels of IL-6 (OR = 3.166, 95%CI 1.461-6.860, p = 0.003, IL-1β(OR = 1.148, 95%CI 1.070-2.232; p = 0.000), TC (OR = 1.174, 95%CI 1.011-1.364; p = 0.035), LDL-C (OR = 1.246, 95%CI 1.098-3.618; p = 0.003), Cystatin C (OR = 1.867, 95%CI 1.245-3.434; p = 0.004), ages (OR = 1.043, 95%CI 1.009-1.078; p = 0.012), and duration of diabetes (OR = 1.157, 95%CI 1.049-1.277; p = 0.004) were positively associated with increasing the odds ration of DSPN in T2DM. Conversely, the level of IGF-1 (OR = 0.922, 95%CI 0.961-0.982; p = 0.000) and ratio of APO-A1/APOB (OR = 0.212, 95%CI 0.078-0.567; p = 0.002) were significantly associated with decreasing the odds ratio of DSPN in T2DM.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusions: &lt;/strong&gt;The levels of inflammatory biomarkers such as INF-γ, IL-1β, IL-4, IL- 6 were increased in patients with severe DSPN in T2DM. Ages, duration of diabetes as well as high circulating levels of IL-6, IL-1β, TC, LDL-C and Cystatin C were positively associated with DSPN in T2DM. Conversely, the level of IGF-1 and the ratio of APOA1/APOB were independent protective factors for DSPN in T2DM. Our","PeriodicalId":9170,"journal":{"name":"BMC Neurology","volume":"25 1","pages":"378"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12406448/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144943126","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"ETRAISI registry report: clinical characteristics and related factors of outcome in reperfusion-eligible AIS patients.","authors":"Mojdeh Ghabaee, Sharareh Eskandarieh, Neda Izadi, Siavash Hosseini, Iman Kiani, Melika Jameie, Zahra Azizan, Nahid Mojahed","doi":"10.1186/s12883-025-04406-y","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12883-025-04406-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Stroke remains a major cause of disability and mortality worldwide, requiring comprehensive data collection for better management strategies. The Endovascular Thrombolysis Registry in Acute Ischemic Stroke of Iran (ETRAISI) was established March 21, 2023, to systematically document stroke epidemiology, treatment approaches, and outcomes in Iran. This study presents an analysis of registry data, focusing on patient characteristics, treatment time scales, and functional outcomes.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 115 patients diagnosed with acute stroke were enrolled at ETRAISI between March 21, 2023, and March 19, 2024. Clinical and demographic data, including stroke subtype, risk factors, treatment modalities, and outcome measures, were collected. Treatment time scales, such as door-to-needle time (DTN) for thrombolysis and door-to-groin puncture time (DTP) for thrombectomy, were analyzed. Factors associated with National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) at discharge were assessed using multiple linear regression.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among 313 patients admitted at hospital as possible acute ischemic stroke (AIS), a total of 158 patients' candidate for intra-venous thrombolysis (IVT) or mechanical thrombectomy (MT) within 6-hours of onset, 115 enrolled, 81 patients (70.4%) underwent IVT, 8 (7.0%) patients received MT, and 26 patients (22.6%) underwent bridging therapy. The most common stroke risk factors were hypertension in 77 patients (67.0%), followed by diabetes in 39 (33.9%), and ischemic heart disease in 33 patients (28.7%). The median (IQR) of DTN was 65 (48-84.5) minutes, while the median (IQR) of DTP was 109 (75-158) minutes. The most frequent stroke etiology was undetermined observed in 33% patients. Multiple linear regression identified National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) at admission, age, diastolic blood pressure, and treatment related complication were significantly associated with functional outcomes (p < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study reported stroke management and outcomes in Iran. Identifying treatment time tracker and outcome related factors may inform policy changes and improve acute stroke care in Iran and Other developing countries. Benchmarking these findings against international registries can guide targeted interventions for optimizing stroke treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":9170,"journal":{"name":"BMC Neurology","volume":"25 1","pages":"374"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12406374/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144943045","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}