BMC Pediatrics最新文献

{"title":"Did smoking behavior change in adolescents and young adults with and without diabetes during the COVID-19 pandemic? A cohort study from the DPV registry.","authors":"Katharina Warncke, Sabine E Hofer, Simone von Sengbusch, Uwe Ermer, Mareike Niemeyer, Andreas Lemmer, Dörte Hilgard, Alena Welters, Reinhard W Holl, Alexander J Eckert","doi":"10.1186/s12887-025-05434-w","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12887-025-05434-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Smoking is a risk factor for cardiovascular complications and can promote a severe course of COVID-19 infection. The aim of this study was to compare smoking habits of young people with diabetes with the general population.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We analyzed smoking behavior in the Diabetes Prospective Follow-up Registry (DPV) cohort (type 1 (T1D) and type 2 diabetes (T2D) from Germany and T1D from Austria aged 14-24 years) and compared it to data from the German survey on smoking behavior (DEBRA study) of the general population. Data were aggregated per year and patient for 2016-2023. Logistic regression models adjusted for gender and migration background were calculated stratified by age groups (14-17; 18-24 years), taking repeated measurements into account. Smoking behavior between T1D and T2D or between Germany and Austria was compared with similar regression models.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Thirty-four thousand two hundred seventy-five patients from the DPV cohort were included in data analysis. The overall proportion of people who smoked was lower in DPV than in the general population (13.4% vs. 24.0%), with the exception of young adults with T2D at the beginning of the pandemic (36.7% vs. 33.4%). For T1D, there was a significant upward trend in the number of patients who smoked in the group of 14-17 years (2.86%, CI 1.21-4.55 per year, p < 0.001) and also in the group of 18-24 years (4.94 per year, CI 1.37-8.63; p < 0.01) between 2016 and 2023. The proportion of smokers and the number of smoked cigarettes was higher in Austria than in Germany (10.7% vs. 8.0%; OR with 95%-CI 1.38 [1.22-1.56], p < 0.001; and 7.5 [6.8-8.1] vs. 5.9 [5.7-6.0] cigarettes/day, p < 0.001) and in T2D than T1D (11.0% vs. 7.9%; OR 1.44 [1.23-1.68], p < 0.001 and 8.0 [7.2-8.8] vs. 5.9 [5.7-6.1] cigarettes/day, p < 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The reported proportion of smokers among young people with diabetes was lower than in the general population. Only young adults with T2D temporarily smoked more than the general population at the beginning of the pandemic. This could be explained by stress, but also by a changed daily structure during the lockdown.</p>","PeriodicalId":9144,"journal":{"name":"BMC Pediatrics","volume":"25 1","pages":"236"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11948826/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143717973","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of probiotics on necrotizing enterocolitis in preterm infants: a network meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.","authors":"Yu Dai, Qinlei Yu, Fan Zhang, Ke Ma, Xiangyun Yan, Wenjuan Chen, Xiaohui Chen, Shushu Li, Shuping Han","doi":"10.1186/s12887-025-05469-z","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12887-025-05469-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Previous studies have suggested that probiotics may have potential benefits for preterm infants. Their efficacy seems to depend on the particular species or combinations used.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>To further investigate the effects of probiotics in preventing necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) and other related outcomes in preterm infants, we conducted a network meta-analysis of 51 randomized controlled trials involving 11,661 participants.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Our study revealed that most probiotics can effectively reduce the incidence of NEC (at or beyond Bell's stage II). Lactobacillus (RR, 0.59; 95% CI: 0.29, 0.98), the combination of Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus (RR, 0.47; 95% CI: 0.20, 0.87), and the combination of Bifidobacterium, Lactobacillus, and Streptococcus (RR, 0.17; 95% CI: 0.00, 0.84) were the only treatments that significantly reduced all-cause mortality compared to placebo. Lactobacillus can be effective in reducing the time preterm infants spend in the hospital (MD, -4.23; 95% CI: -7.62, -0.81) and reaching full enteral feeding (MD, -2.15; 95% CI: -3.70, -0.64).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The combination of Bifidobacterium, Lactobacillus, and Enterococcus was the most efficacious in reducing the mortality and incidence of NEC (Bell II or above) in preterm infants. Both prebiotics and Lactobacillus alone were found to be highly effective in reducing the length of hospitalization and the time needed to achieve full enteral feeding. No evidence suggests that probiotics affect sepsis risk.</p><p><strong>Trial registration: </strong>The study protocol was registered with PROSPERO (CRD42023460231) on March 10, 2023.</p>","PeriodicalId":9144,"journal":{"name":"BMC Pediatrics","volume":"25 1","pages":"237"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11948853/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143717975","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Administration practices of and adherence to nusinersen in children with spinal muscular atrophy: a multicenter disease registry study in China.","authors":"Jing Peng, Xiaoli Yao, Rong Luo, Xiuxia Wang, Liwen Wu, Jianmin Zhong, Ruifeng Jin, Xinguo Lu, Jianmin Liang, Siqi Hong, Lin Yang, Xiaoli Zhang, Shanshan Mao, Zhe Tao, Jun Hu, Dan Sun, Hua Wang, Li Zhang, Yanyan Xia, Ken Chen, Yi Wang","doi":"10.1186/s12887-024-05290-0","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12887-024-05290-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Nusinersen was the first approved disease modifying therapy (DMT) for spinal muscular atrophy (SMA). Intrathecal administration of nusinersen enables drug delivery directly to the central nervous system, where the motor neurons are located. Per the package insert, individuals with SMA receive 4 loading doses of nusinersen followed by maintenance doses every 4 months thereafter. The aim of this analysis was to investigate the administration practices of and adherence to nusinersen in Chinese children with SMA.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data were analyzed from a longitudinal, multicenter registry enrolling children with 5q-SMA in China. Information on nusinersen administration, including administration date, care setting, use of sedation and general anesthesia, method of administration, and use of imaging guidance before administration, was collected both retrospectively and prospectively. Adherence rate was calculated at dose and participant level. A dose was considered adherent if the inter-dose interval (for dose-level) and interval from the first dose (for participant-level) followed the standard dosing regimen, with a grace period of ± 7 days for Dose 2 to 4 and ± 28 days thereafter.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 385 participants receiving nusinersen with a total of 2,415 doses were included in the study. The median (interquartile range) number of doses administered per participant was 6 (5-7). Over 99% of intrathecal injections were given in an inpatient setting. Only a few (n = 3, 0.1%) required general anesthesia, while 9% (n = 217) of doses were administered under the use of sedation. Interlaminar lumbar puncture (n = 2,407, 99.7%) was the most common method of administration, followed by cervical puncture (n = 5, 0.2%) and transforaminal lumbar puncture (n = 3, 0.1%). Over 90% of injections did not utilize any imaging guidance prior to administration, with ultrasound (n = 142, 5.9%) being the most commonly used imaging guidance. The adherence rate was 95.7% (1,943/2,030) at dose level and 81.0% (312/385) at participant level. The median inter-dose intervals aligned well with the dosing schedule, with 14 days for Doses 2 and 3, 35 days for Dose 4, and 114-124 days for maintenance doses thereafter.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Findings from the analysis demonstrated high real-world adherence to nusinersen in Chinese children with SMA.</p>","PeriodicalId":9144,"journal":{"name":"BMC Pediatrics","volume":"25 1","pages":"239"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11948911/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143718054","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative efficacy and safety of etanercept and adalimumab in the treatment of polyarticular juvenile idiopathic arthritis.","authors":"Lanlan Ge, Yu Gao, Xin Chen, Jingxiao Guo, Dongfeng Zhang, Yanjun Yang","doi":"10.1186/s12887-025-05594-9","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12887-025-05594-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aims to evaluate the efficacy and safety of Etanercept and Adalimumab in the treatment of polyarticular juvenile idiopathic arthritis (pJIA).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>From Jan 2021 to Oct 2023, 66 pJIA patients were prospectively randomized into Etanercept (n = 33) and Adalimumab (n = 33) groups at our hospital. Efficacy, via Juvenile Arthritis Disease Activity Score 10 (JADAS-10), and anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide (CCP), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), C-reactive protein (CRP), erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), white blood cell count (WBC) were assessed pre-treatment and at 1-, 3-, 6-month intervals post-treatment. Adverse reactions were monitored.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Two groups showed comparable efficacy (P > 0.05) at baseline in anti-CCP, TNF-α, CRP, ESR, WBC, and JADAS-10 score. Treatment for a period of 1 to 3 months led to statistically significant reductions in these markers over time (P < 0.05). Adalimumab group was found significantly lower levels of mentioned markers than Etanercept group at 1-3 months (P < 0.05), but after 6 months, statistical differences vanished (P > 0.05). Normal total bilirubin, alanine transaminase, aspartate aminotransferase, serum creatinine levels were detected post-3 months in both groups; with similar adverse reaction rates (P > 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Both Etanercept and Adalimumab are effective and safe for managing pJIA, demonstrating significant reductions in inflammatory markers and disease activity with no significant difference in efficacy or safety profiles.</p><p><strong>Clinical trial number: </strong>Not applicable.</p>","PeriodicalId":9144,"journal":{"name":"BMC Pediatrics","volume":"25 1","pages":"242"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11948626/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143728665","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Epidemiology of influenza from 2017 to 2022 in a national children's regional medical center.","authors":"Jiani Shan, Xin Yang, Tianlin Wang","doi":"10.1186/s12887-025-05416-y","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12887-025-05416-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>To examine the changes in influenza types (A/B), including influenza A subtypes (A(H1N1) / A(H3N2)) and influenza B lineages (B/Victoria and B/Yamagata) in children in Hangzhou City, China.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective study was conducted in a national children's regional medical center, using data from children screened for influenza between January 2017 and December 2022.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>6775 patients (3 months to 14 years, 54.16% boys) were identified to have influenza-like symptoms. Among all patients, 905 (13.36%) patients were positive for the influenza virus. The number of patients positive for influenza was 222 (21.31%), 129 (12.40%), 270 (25.71%), 59 (5.15%), 37 (3.03%), and 188 (14.72%) from 2017 to 2022, respectively. The prevalence of influenza was higher in the more than 6 years old (n = 332, 23.23%) and 3-6 years old (n = 397, 13.18%) than in the under 3 years old (n = 176, 7.54%) groups, indicating that the influenza infection might increase with age. A/H3N2 infection was highest in the under 3 years old and 3-6 years old age groups while B/Victoria infection was highest in the more than 6 years old age group. The positive rates of influenza A (7.41% vs. 7.22%, P = 0.767) and B (5.47% vs. 5.94%, P = 0.407) among boys and girls did not have much difference The seasonal characteristics showed that, among patients with influenza-like symptoms, winter and spring were the dominant flu season in Hangzhou. The most common virus subtypes were B/Victoria in the spring and A/H3N2 in other seasons. The influenza positive rates among different seasons were different, in winter it was higher compared with the other seasons except for 2021 and 2022, results also revealed that influenza A/H3N2 had a relatively high prevalence in summer.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The influenza viruses infection rate in 3 months to 14 years participants ranged from 3.03 to 25.7%, and the positive rate increased with age. No significant difference was observed in different sexes and subtypes of influenza. However, the relatively high prevalence of influenza A/H3N2 and high prevalence of all four subtypes indicate more attention to influenza infection should be paid in summer and winter.</p>","PeriodicalId":9144,"journal":{"name":"BMC Pediatrics","volume":"25 1","pages":"240"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11948843/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143728669","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of quality of life, treatment practices, and associated factors among children of atopic dermatitis patients at all Africa leprosy, TB and rehabilitation training center (A.L.E.R.T): a prospective observational study.","authors":"Minychel Wale Aynalem, Alemseged Beyene Berha","doi":"10.1186/s12887-025-05616-6","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12887-025-05616-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Atopic dermatitis (AD) is the most common chronic skin disease in children. It adversely affects child's physical health, daily functioning, and overall quality of life (QoL), impacting not only the child but also their families. There is a paucity of data in Ethiopia about treatment practices and QoL among children with AD. Thus, this study aimed to assess QoL, treatment practice, AD symptom control statues and associated factors for QoL among children with AD at ALERT dermatovenerology unit, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Prospective observational study was employed on 403 patients. Structured questionnaire and Child Dermatology Life Quality Index (CDLQI) tool were used to collect the data. Descriptive statistics and multivariable logistic regression model were used to analyze the data.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The mean (± SD) age of participants was 8.04 (± 3.40) years. Topically applied readymade medicine, antihistamine and emollient were given for (55.6%, n = 224), (24.3%, n = 98) and (75.8%, n = 305) participants, respectively. The mean (± SD) QoL was 8.42(± 3.57) indicating moderate effect. Domain of itching, dressing and sleeping was the utmost affected QoL. Three-fourths (76.9%, n = 310) of patients had their AD symptoms controlled. Caregivers who were government employees [AOR = 4.9, 95% CI: 1.22, 19.71, P = 0.02], daily labourer caregivers [AOR = 7.3, 95% CI: 1.15, 45.7, P = 0.03] and, those with moderate AD [AOR = 2.8, 95 % CI: 1.59, 4.96, P = <0.001] were significantly associated with QoL, as well as caregivers with very low (≤ 860) [AOR = 0.09, 95% CI: 0.01, 0.68, P = 0.02], low (861-1500) monthly income [AOR = 0.20, 95% CI: 0.05, 0.90, P = 0.03].</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Patients with AD had a moderate QoL based on their CDLQL score. Three-fourths of the study participants who experienced AD-related symptoms had them controlled after 4 weeks of treatment. Among the CDLQI domains, itching and scratching, dressing problems and sleeping problems were the most affected. Caregiver employment status, monthly income, moderate type of AD and facial involvement were significantly associated with QoL outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":9144,"journal":{"name":"BMC Pediatrics","volume":"25 1","pages":"241"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11948902/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143728660","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Two cases of primary hypertrophic osteoarthropathy caused by HPGD variants: a case report and literature review.","authors":"Jun Li, Shilei Jia, Jianqun Guo, Wenhui Xie, Yijiao Ma, Xiaojie Gao, Meihao Gao","doi":"10.1186/s12887-025-05590-z","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12887-025-05590-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Primary hypertrophic osteoarthropathy (PHO) is a rare genetic disorder primarily characterized by digital clubbing, pachydermia, and periostitis. The rarity of this disease often leads to misdiagnosis or delayed diagnosis.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We describe the clinical and genetic findings of two pediatric PHO cases caused by HPGD variants and perform a systematic literature review of HPGD-related PHO cases.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Both patients exhibited congenital digital clubbing and patent ductus arteriosus from birth. Radiographs revealed cortical bone thickening and a periosteal reaction. Patient 1 displayed gait abnormalities and delayed cranial suture closure, while Patient 2 had bilateral leg swelling. Whole exome sequencing identified a compound heterozygous variant (NM_000860.6: c.189C > A, p.C63* and NM_000860.6: c.310_311delCT, p. L104Afs*3) in Patient 1 and a homozygous splice-site variant (NG_011689.1(NM_000860.6): c.324 + 5G > A) in Patient 2. All variants were classified as pathogenic based on the American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics criteria. Among 89 reviewed cases, the c.310_311delCT variant accounted for 37.1% (33/89), predominantly in homozygous form (60.6%, 20/33). The median urinary prostaglandin E2 (PGE2)-to-creatinine ratio in PHO patients was 627.1 ng/mmol (normal: 61.49 ng/mmol). Notably, the median age of symptom onset was 5.1 years, while diagnosis occurred at 22.1 years, with a male predominance (male-to-female ratio: 2.2:1).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>We report the first HPGD c.189C > A variant, expanding the genetic spectrum of PHO. The c.310_311delCT variant represents a recurrent hotspot, predominantly in homozygosity. Our findings highlight the importance of early genetic testing and multidisciplinary management to reduce diagnostic delays and improve outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":9144,"journal":{"name":"BMC Pediatrics","volume":"25 1","pages":"238"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11948709/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143717980","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Executive function skills predict motor competence in preschool children.","authors":"Elena Chichinina, Margarita Gavrilova, Patrik Drid","doi":"10.1186/s12887-025-05582-z","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12887-025-05582-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Motor competence and executive function skills develop actively at preschool age. Both are important for socialization, school achievements, and well-being. However, the association between motor competence and executive functions has not yet been fully investigated in preschool children. This study aimed to explore which executive function skills may be predictors of motor competence and its components.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Two hundred seventy-two typically developing 5- to 6-year-old children (46% girls) participated in this study. The motor competence assessment tool 'Movement Assessment Battery for Children-2' was used on the Russian sample for the first time.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The study revealed that higher motor inhibition, working memory, and age were significant predictors of higher motor competence, manual dexterity, and balance skills. Higher aiming and catching skills were predicted only by higher motor inhibition and age. The study also revealed that girls had higher manual dexterity and balance skills than boys. And boys had higher than girls aiming and catching skills.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The obtained result with the largest effect size allows us to assume that training in motor inhibition could probably help improve movement difficulties, especially in manual dexterity skills.</p><p><strong>Clinical trial number: </strong>Not applicable.</p>","PeriodicalId":9144,"journal":{"name":"BMC Pediatrics","volume":"25 1","pages":"235"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11938721/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143708420","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical manifestation and treatment of intussusception in children aged 3 months and under : a single centre analysis of 38 cases.","authors":"Hongxi Guo, Haiyan Lei, Juan Luo, Jun Yang, Hongqiang Bian, Hu Yang, Qin Guo","doi":"10.1186/s12887-025-05410-4","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12887-025-05410-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Intussusception is the leading cause of acute abdominal conditions in infants, yet it is frequently under-recognised in those younger than 3 months, potentially resulting in serious complications such as bowel necrosis, peritonitis, or even death if not promptly treated. This retrospective study aims to enhance clinicians' understanding of the diagnosis and management of acute intussusception in this age group to prevent poor prognosis.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The clinical data of 38 infants aged ≤ 3 months diagnosed with intussusception at Wuhan Children's Hospital between January 2013 and July 2024 were retrospectively analyzed. Patients were categorized into two groups based on the outcome of nonoperative reduction: the successful group and the failed group. The study examined demographic characteristics, clinical presentations, imaging findings, treatment modalities, and outcomes to identify patterns and evaluate the effectiveness of diagnostic and therapeutic approaches.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>During the study period, 12,206 children were diagnosed with intussusception, including 38 (0.31%) infants aged 3 months or younger (mean age: 73.6 days; 20 males and 18 females). The most frequently reported symptoms were vomiting (36 cases), bloody stool (27 cases), and intermittent crying (18 cases). Ultrasonography (USG) confirmed the diagnosis in 97.4% of cases. A total of 27 (71.1%) infants treated with enema reduction, with a success rate of 48.1% (13/27). Enema-related perforation occurred in 2 cases (7.4%). An additional 11 cases (28.9%) proceeded directly to laparotomy, with 5 (15.8%) diagnosed as secondary intussusception. Bowel resection was necessary in 6 of the 25 surgical cases due to necrosis. Each infant responded well to treatment and was discharged in stable condition.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The clinical manifestations of intussusception in infants aged 3 months and below are sometimes atypical. Early USG should be performed to make a clear diagnosis, and the effect of early intervention is satisfactory. In infants with good general condition, enema reduction can be attempted first with appropriate pressure monitoring to avoid bowel perforation.</p>","PeriodicalId":9144,"journal":{"name":"BMC Pediatrics","volume":"25 1","pages":"233"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11938704/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143708399","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hemorrhagic cystitis in pediatric severe aplastic anemia undergoing haploidentical hematopoietic stem cell transplantation: incidence, risk factors and outcomes.","authors":"Kai Cui, Senlin Zhang, Mingchu Liang, ChenChen He, Jie Chen, Yufeng Wei, Shaoyan Hu, Jie Li","doi":"10.1186/s12887-025-05505-y","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12887-025-05505-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Hemorrhagic cystitis (HC) is a common complication of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) and may adversely affect the prognosis of patients. However, the risk factors associated with HC and its influence on prognosis remain unclear in pediatric Severe aplastic anemia (SAA) patients who underwent haploidentical HSCT (haplo-HSCT).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Clinical data from 116 SAA patients who received haplo-HSCT based on the 'Beijing Protocol' at the Children's Hospital of Soochow University between 2018 and 2023 were examined retrospectively. Potential risk factors were identified by univariate and multivariate logistic regression, and the effect of HC on overall survival (OS) was analyzed by Kaplan-Meier curves and log-rank tests.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>32 out of 116 patients (27.6%) developed HC and the median time to onset of HC was 12 days (range: 1-157 days) after HSCT. In multivariate analysis, Very SAA (VSAA) (OR = 3.47, 95% CI: 1.15-10.44), II-IV acute graft versus host disease (aGVHD) (OR = 2.75, 95% CI: 1.05-7.18) and pre-transplant iron overload (OR = 3.90, 95% CI: 1.27-11.94) were regarded as risk factors. Compared to the non-HC group and mild HC group, the severe HC group had the worst 2-year OS rates (non-HC: 94.0% ± 2.6%; mild HC: 96.0% ± 3.9%; severe HC: 71.4% ± 1.7%, P = 0.047).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>For pediatric SAA patients, VSAA, II-IV aGVHD, and pre-transplant iron overload elevate the risk of HC following haplo-HSCT. The development of severe HC can affect the clinical outcomes of patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":9144,"journal":{"name":"BMC Pediatrics","volume":"25 1","pages":"234"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11938558/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143708355","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}