Breastfeeding MedicinePub Date : 2024-10-01Epub Date: 2024-08-12DOI: 10.1089/bfm.2024.0237
Philip O Anderson
{"title":"Herbal Galactogogues: Some \"New\" Arrivals.","authors":"Philip O Anderson","doi":"10.1089/bfm.2024.0237","DOIUrl":"10.1089/bfm.2024.0237","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9142,"journal":{"name":"Breastfeeding Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141970615","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Breastfeeding MedicinePub Date : 2024-10-01Epub Date: 2024-08-19DOI: 10.1089/bfm.2024.0015
Alexandria Richter, Sarah Gonzalez-Nahm, Sara Benjamin-Neelon
{"title":"Do Breastfeeding Policies and Practices in Neonatal Intensive Care Units Differ by Baby-Friendly Hospital Initiative Status?","authors":"Alexandria Richter, Sarah Gonzalez-Nahm, Sara Benjamin-Neelon","doi":"10.1089/bfm.2024.0015","DOIUrl":"10.1089/bfm.2024.0015","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b><i>Background:</i></b> The Baby-Friendly Hospital Initiative (BFHI) was launched in 1991 by the World Health Organization and United Nations International Children's Emergency Fund to promote and support breastfeeding within hospitals. Prior studies have assessed the associations between BFHI and breastfeeding, but there is limited evidence examining the policies and practices in neonatal intensive care units (NICUs) that, in turn, may influence breastfeeding. <b><i>Objective:</i></b> The goal of this analysis was to assess whether BFHI status was associated with breastfeeding policies and practices in NICUs in a sample of U.S.-based hospitals. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> A cross-sectional survey was sent to hospital administrators at 1,285 facilities (817 BFHI and 468 non-BFHI) throughout all regions of the United States and assessed whether hospitals were implementing breastfeeding support policies and practices in NICUs. Pearson's chi-squared and Fisher's exact tests were performed to assess associations between BFHI status and reported 6 breastfeeding policies and 11 breastfeeding practices. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Among all 259 respondents (BFHI: 68/102 [67%], non-BFHI: 73/157 [47%]), Baby-Friendly<sup>®</sup> status was significantly associated with having specific breastfeeding practices in the NICU (67% versus 47%, <i>p</i> = 0.001). More BFHI compared with non-BFHI hospitals reported assessing milk supply of mothers (90% versus 75%, <i>p</i> = 0.026) and communicating the medical benefits of breastfeeding (91% versus 75%, <i>p</i> = 0.012) to new parents. There were, however, no differences by BFHI status in the other breastfeeding policies and practices.</p>","PeriodicalId":9142,"journal":{"name":"Breastfeeding Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141999407","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Breastfeeding MedicinePub Date : 2024-10-01Epub Date: 2024-08-22DOI: 10.1089/bfm.2024.0206
Wenona Lok, David Aboudi, Jordan S Kase
{"title":"Is an Exclusive Human Milk Diet at the Time of Neonatal Intensive Care Unit Discharge Adequate to Maintain Growth and Neurodevelopment among Very Preterm Infants?","authors":"Wenona Lok, David Aboudi, Jordan S Kase","doi":"10.1089/bfm.2024.0206","DOIUrl":"10.1089/bfm.2024.0206","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b><i>Background:</i></b> An exclusive human milk (EHM) diet has numerous benefits. Formula supplementation may be recommended for former preterm infants at the time of neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) discharge to meet perceived metabolic demands and caloric goals. Recommendations addressing postdischarge nutrition for very preterm infants (VPTIs) are controversial, as the benefits of human milk supplementation regarding long-term growth, neurodevelopment, and chronic conditions are mixed. <b><i>Objective:</i></b> To compare growth and neurodevelopment of former VPTI fed an EHM diet to a supplemented/formula diet at NICU discharge. <b><i>Materials and Methods:</i></b> A retrospective cohort study of VPTI was followed at the Regional Neonatal Follow-up Program. Patients were categorized by diet at NICU discharge: EHM diet; mixed diet (EHM and formula); and exclusive formula diet. Growth percentile ranks at the first neonatal follow-up visit and 3 years of age were compared by diet type at NICU discharge. Neurodevelopmental outcomes as measured by the Bayley Scales of Infant Development 3<sup>rd</sup> Edition at 3 years of age were also compared. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Among 835 VPTIs, weight percentiles at the first neonatal follow-up visit were similar between the three NICU discharge diet types. One hundred fifty-eight subjects received neurodevelopmental evaluations at 3 years of age; anthropometrics and neurodevelopment were similar irrespective of diet at NICU discharge. <b><i>Conclusion</i></b>: An EHM diet at NICU discharge is appropriate to support growth in infancy as well as growth and neurodevelopment through 3 years of age. Thus, this raises the question of whether routine nutritional supplementation is necessary for VPTIs at NICU discharge.</p>","PeriodicalId":9142,"journal":{"name":"Breastfeeding Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142035226","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Breastfeeding MedicinePub Date : 2024-10-01Epub Date: 2024-08-07DOI: 10.1089/bfm.2024.0101
Megan N Kummerlowe, Jonathan G Leung, Leslie A Kummer, Katherine M Moore, Rebekah L Huppert, Hannah K Betcher
{"title":"Retrospective Review of Postpartum Lithium Use Including During Lactation.","authors":"Megan N Kummerlowe, Jonathan G Leung, Leslie A Kummer, Katherine M Moore, Rebekah L Huppert, Hannah K Betcher","doi":"10.1089/bfm.2024.0101","DOIUrl":"10.1089/bfm.2024.0101","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b><i>Introduction:</i></b> Lithium remains a gold standard treatment for bipolar disorder including during peripartum. Historically, guidelines advised against breastfeeding while taking lithium though recent data suggest it is acceptable for a healthy infant. Lack of awareness of acceptability contributes to decreased patient and clinician comfort and low breastfeeding rates. We report current breastfeeding rates, monitoring practices, and infant outcomes with lithium exposure in breastmilk at our institution. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> A retrospective chart review was conducted at a single academic medical center using records from 2013 to 2023. Electronic medical records were queried to identify patients prescribed lithium postpartum. Data were collected on timing of lithium initiation, lithium dose and concentration, breastfeeding status, and infant outcomes. <b><i>Results:</i></b> A total of 18 cases of lithium use in the postpartum period were identified. A total of 39% (<i>n</i> = 7) of patients taking lithium postpartum breastfed. Most patients, 61% (<i>n</i> = 11), initiated lithium prior to pregnancy, 11% (<i>n</i> = 2) initiated during pregnancy and 27% (<i>n</i> = 5) started postpartum. Four infant charts were reviewed with no reports of adverse events. Of these infants, average maternal lithium dose was 750 mg daily, with an average maternal serum lithium concentration of 0.62 mmol/L and average infant serum lithium concentration of 0.16 mmol/L. <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> Our data demonstrate most patients using lithium postpartum have been taking lithium long-term and are not breastfeeding. Lithium exposure in breastmilk appears to be tolerated by healthy infants. There is a need for ongoing research and education on acceptability and infant monitoring recommendations to support patients who would like to breastfeed while on lithium.</p>","PeriodicalId":9142,"journal":{"name":"Breastfeeding Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141896767","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Breastfeeding MedicinePub Date : 2024-10-01Epub Date: 2024-08-07DOI: 10.1089/bfm.2024.0192
Kimberly N Doughty, Lliana Joe, Sarah N Taylor
{"title":"Women with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus Have Greater Formula Supplementation in the Hospital and at Home Despite Intention to Exclusively Breastfeed.","authors":"Kimberly N Doughty, Lliana Joe, Sarah N Taylor","doi":"10.1089/bfm.2024.0192","DOIUrl":"10.1089/bfm.2024.0192","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b><i>Background:</i></b> Women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) have lower rates of exclusive breastfeeding compared with women without diabetes. <b><i>Objectives:</i></b> To assess associations between GDM and breastfeeding intentions and attitudes, formula supplementation, reasons for formula supplementation, and knowledge of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) risk reduction associated with breastfeeding among U.S. mothers. <b><i>Design/Methods:</i></b> Participants completed an online survey assessing infant feeding knowledge, attitudes, and practices; demographics; and pregnancy-related medical history. Multivariable logistic regression was used to estimate adjusted odds ratios for formula supplementation in the hospital and at home. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Of 871 respondents, a smaller proportion of women with GDM compared with women without diabetes intended to exclusively breastfeed. There were no differences between groups in attitudes toward public breastfeeding, attitudes toward breastfeeding beyond infancy, or actual duration of any breastfeeding. Approximately one in four participants believed that breastfeeding mothers may be less likely to develop T2DM, regardless of GDM status. Among those who intended to exclusively breastfeed, GDM was associated with higher odds of formula supplementation in the hospital (adjusted odds ratio [OR] 1.75, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.97-3.18) and at home (adjusted OR 2.02, 95% CI 1.05-3.89). \"Medical reasons,\" which was reported as an important reason for formula supplementation, was reported more frequently by women with GDM. <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> Women with GDM who intended to exclusively breastfeed had higher odds of in-hospital and at-home formula supplementation, cited medical reasons as a main reason for formula supplementation more often, and were largely unaware of T2DM risk reduction associated with breastfeeding.</p>","PeriodicalId":9142,"journal":{"name":"Breastfeeding Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141896768","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Breastfeeding MedicinePub Date : 2024-10-01Epub Date: 2024-10-04DOI: 10.1089/bfm.2024.0115
Pamela Donovan Berens, Anne Eglash
{"title":"Redefining the Terminology of \"Plugged Ducts\".","authors":"Pamela Donovan Berens, Anne Eglash","doi":"10.1089/bfm.2024.0115","DOIUrl":"10.1089/bfm.2024.0115","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9142,"journal":{"name":"Breastfeeding Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142370993","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Breastfeeding MedicinePub Date : 2024-10-01Epub Date: 2024-08-26DOI: 10.1089/bfm.2024.0126
Mélissa Girard, Annie Janvier, Keith J Barrington, Geneviève Myhal, Christine St-Pierre, Diane Fournier, Marie-Claude Chouinard, Antoine Lewin, Christian Renaud
{"title":"Donor Milk Expression Habits: Can we Favor Hindmilk Banking for Extremely Preterm Infants?","authors":"Mélissa Girard, Annie Janvier, Keith J Barrington, Geneviève Myhal, Christine St-Pierre, Diane Fournier, Marie-Claude Chouinard, Antoine Lewin, Christian Renaud","doi":"10.1089/bfm.2024.0126","DOIUrl":"10.1089/bfm.2024.0126","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b><i>Background:</i></b> Extremely preterm infants often receive donor milk. Hindmilk, which is released more than 3 minutes after letdown, could be advantageous due to its elevated levels of fat and calorie density. Donor milk expression habits may influence milk composition but have not yet been investigated. This study aims to assess the practices of milk donors and the feasibility of hindmilk expression. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> Active milk donors in Québec were questioned using an online survey about their milk expression habits and whether hindmilk donation would be acceptable to them. Answers were analyzed using mixed methods. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Of 181 donors, 126 fully completed the questionnaire (70%); 57% reported expressing donated milk between breastfeeds; 15% reported simultaneously breastfeeding while expressing donated milk from the other breast; 12% reported breastfeeding their baby on each breast, then expressing donated milk (hindmilk). The majority (66%) would be willing to change their habits most or all the time to provide hindmilk for preterm infants. The main themes invoked by respondents in open-ended answers were altruism and gratitude for being able to help others. However, 15% commented on the complexity of milk expression or that adding further complexity might discourage them from donating. <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> Expression practices are variable, which may lead to variability in donor milk composition. Most donors would agree to change their expression habits in favor of giving hindmilk to help the most fragile infants. More information is needed on how changing recommendations for milk expression might impact the supply and composition of donor milk.</p>","PeriodicalId":9142,"journal":{"name":"Breastfeeding Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142054948","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Lack of an Association of Breastfeeding with the Development of Childhood Intussusception: A Nationwide Birth Cohort Survey in Japan.","authors":"Yasutaka Kuniyoshi","doi":"10.1089/bfm.2024.0264","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1089/bfm.2024.0264","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b><i>Background:</i></b> This study investigated the association between feeding practices and the development of childhood intussusception. <b><i>Materials and Methods:</i></b> We conducted secondary data analyses using the Longitudinal Survey of Newborns in the 21st Century in Japan. We performed multivariable logistic regression analyses to examine the association between feeding practice and intussusception development in children aged between 6 and 18 months. We used the following variables as potential confounders: gender, gestational age, birth weight, singleton or multiple births, parity, maternal age at delivery, maternal smoking status, and paternal smoking status. Furthermore, we performed multivariable logistic regression analyses to examine the association between breastfeeding duration and intussusception development. <b><i>Results:</i></b> In total, 31,802 children were analyzed in this study. The annual incidence of intussusception was 1.6 cases per 1,000 children aged between 6 and 18 months. No significant association was found between exclusive breastfeeding and the development of intussusception, compared with exclusive formula feeding (odds ratio, 1.64; 95% confidence interval, 0.32-30.0). Furthermore, no significant association was observed between breastfeeding duration and intussusception development. <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> Our findings demonstrated no association between breastfeeding and the development of childhood intussusception.</p>","PeriodicalId":9142,"journal":{"name":"Breastfeeding Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142341668","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Factors Associated with Mother's Own Milk Feeding and Direct Breastfeeding at Discharge in Preterm Infants with Feeding Difficulties: Clinical and Research Implications.","authors":"Faith Bala, Enas Alshaikh, Sudarshan R Jadcherla","doi":"10.1089/bfm.2024.0231","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1089/bfm.2024.0231","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b><i>Background:</i></b> Prematurity presents numerous barriers to mother's own milk (MOM) feeding and direct breastfeeding (DBF). <b><i>Aim:</i></b> This study aimed to determine factors associated with MOM feeding and DBF at discharge from the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) in preterm-born infants presenting with feeding difficulties. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> A retrospective study of data from 237 preterm-born infants referred for evaluation of feeding difficulties and discharged home on full oral feeds was examined. Maternal and infant characteristics and oral feeding milestones were examined for their association with MOM intake and DBF at discharge using bivariate and multivariate regression analyses. <b><i>Results:</i></b> MOM feeding at discharge occurred in 35.4% (<i>n</i> = 84) infants. The odds of any MOM feeding at discharge were higher with higher maternal age, absence of maternal substance use, and fewer days between full per oral (PO) and discharge (all, <i>p</i> < 0.05). Among the 84 MOM-fed infants, 4.76% (<i>n</i> = 4) were exclusively breastfed, whereas 39.3% (<i>n</i> = 33) were partially DBF at discharge. The DBF infants had higher birthweight, no incidence of being small for gestational age, lower incidence of respiratory support at birth and intraventricular hemorrhage, lower postmenstrual age (PMA) at full PO, shorter duration from first PO to full PO, and lower PMA at discharge (all, <i>p</i> < 0.05). <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> We found reduced use of MOM and DBF among preterm-born infants with feeding difficulties at NICU discharge. Clinical management and research advocacy must focus on targeted interventions in this setting by recognizing significant modifiable factors applicable to prepregnancy, pregnancy, NICU, and postdischarge care.</p>","PeriodicalId":9142,"journal":{"name":"Breastfeeding Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142280261","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Achievements and Challenges in Breastfeeding During Two Years of War in Ukraine.","authors":"Olha Shlemkevych,Olena Kostiuk,Maryse Arendt","doi":"10.1089/bfm.2024.0228","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1089/bfm.2024.0228","url":null,"abstract":"Background: This article informs about the state of breastfeeding in Ukraine after more than 2 years of war. The article presents important information on breastfeeding data, the widespread implementation of the baby-friendly hospital initiative, human milk banks working in difficult situations, the first overestimation of breast milk substitute needs, the International Code, and the presence of donations reaching an overburdened health system. It covers the training of health care professionals as well as counseling in wartime. Conclusion: It is a testimony of important work done on different levels of the Ukrainian population as well as among the aid agencies present and the health system to protect and support breastfeeding for infants and mothers' health in a war situation. The acquired breastfeeding knowledge through BFHI training of health care professionals and the whole package of BFHI measures is important for ensuring the health and survival of children.","PeriodicalId":9142,"journal":{"name":"Breastfeeding Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142268771","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}