Breastfeeding Medicine最新文献

{"title":"The Effects of Breastfeeding and the Taste and Smell of Breast Milk on Pain Reduction in Infants: An Umbrella Review and Reanalysis of Meta-Analytic Evidence.","authors":"Çiğdem Gök, Pelin Karataş","doi":"10.1177/15568253261446229","DOIUrl":"10.1177/15568253261446229","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Painful procedures are frequently performed in neonatal care, yet their repeated exposure is associated with adverse short- and long-term neurodevelopmental outcomes. Nonpharmacological, physiological, and parent-involved interventions such as breastfeeding and breast milk sensory stimuli have emerged as promising strategies for procedural pain management.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This umbrella review and meta-analytic reanalysis aimed to synthesize the evidence from systematic reviews and meta-analyses evaluating the analgesic effects of breastfeeding, breast milk odor, and breast milk taste during painful procedures in term and preterm infants.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A comprehensive umbrella review approach was applied, and the methodological quality of all included reviews was assessed using the Assessment of Multiple Systematic Reviews-2 tool. Effect sizes from existing meta-analyses were reanalyzed using random-effects models, incorporating heterogeneity, prediction intervals, and clinical variation across interventions and populations.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Breastfeeding demonstrated the strongest analgesic effect, with large reductions in pain scores, crying duration, and heart rate during procedural pain. Breast milk odor and taste also reduced behavioral and physiological pain indicators, particularly among preterm infants, though with smaller effect sizes compared with direct breastfeeding. Despite generally consistent effect directions, substantial heterogeneity was observed across meta-analyses due to variation in populations, procedures, intervention timing, and outcome measures. High-quality Cochrane reviews contributed the strongest evidence base, while non-Cochrane reviews showed moderate-to-low methodological confidence due to limitations such as lack of protocol registration or incomplete reporting.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Breastfeeding and breast milk-related sensory interventions are effective, feasible, and safe nonpharmacological strategies for managing procedural pain in neonates. These findings support the integration of breastfeeding or maternal milk sensory exposure as first-line approaches in neonatal pain management protocols. Further research is needed to clarify optimal timing, dosing, and combinations with other nonpharmacological interventions.</p>","PeriodicalId":9142,"journal":{"name":"Breastfeeding Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"326-335"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147926311","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Interscenario Reliability of the Breast Inflammatory Symptoms Severity Index in Mothers with Inflammatory Conditions of the Lactating Breast.","authors":"Leanda J McKenna, Nisha Kalia, Elizabeth C White, Hayley J Sheather, Bree K Urbani, Emma L Heron, Melinda M Cooper, Adelle M Mcardle","doi":"10.1177/15568253261450167","DOIUrl":"10.1177/15568253261450167","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>A reliable method of measuring the severity of inflammatory conditions of the lactating breast (ICLB) enables health care professionals to provide individual care for mothers. There is a need to triage and prioritize mothers with severe ICLB symptoms reliably. The aim of this study was to determine the inter-scenario reliability of the Breast Inflammatory Symptoms Severity Index when completed electronically by the mother, verbally administered over the phone by administration staff and when completed face-to-face by a health care professional before treatment.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>An inter-scenario, repeated measures reliability study of the Index, which is an 80-point clinician-administered patient-reported outcome measure used to assess and monitor mothers with symptoms of inflammatory conditions of the lactating breast. The study was conducted with mothers across 3 scenarios with symptoms of inflammatory conditions of the lactating breast in Australia. Standard Error of Measurement (SEM), Measurement Error (ME) and Intraclass Correlation Coefficients (ICCs) were calculated to determine interscenario reliability of the Index.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Data were collected for 20 mothers. Statistical analysis identified that the Index had good reliability among the three scenarios, evidenced by low measurement errors and high correlation. When comparing administration mode, phone method was more reliable than electronic administration.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Interscenario reliability was good, aiding the use of the Index in the community, research and clinical practice. This tool provides lactating mothers who experience lactating breast conditions and their clinicians with surety that they are using a reliable outcome measure for assessment when taken electronically or via phone.</p>","PeriodicalId":9142,"journal":{"name":"Breastfeeding Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"312-318"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147940045","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring the Role of Emotional Support in Lactation Care: Perspectives of Mothers and Lactation Care Providers.","authors":"Hilla Lev-Ran Hotam, Efrat Sher-Censor","doi":"10.1177/15568253261451401","DOIUrl":"10.1177/15568253261451401","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Lactation care providers (LCPs) are vital in supporting breastfeeding mothers. However, research on the emotional aspects of their work remains limited. This study investigated mothers' and LCPs' perceptions of the emotional aspects of lactation care and whether they differed by background characteristics and LCPs qualifications.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Following phone calls or written correspondence, 149 LCPs (43.6% International Board-Certified Lactation Consultants [IBCLCs], 29.5% Registered Nurses Lactation Consultants [RNLCs], and 26.8% Lactation Educators [LEs]) and 201 mothers completed an identical 10-item online quantitative questionnaire assessing expectations of emotional support in lactation care and perceptions of providers' competence and training adequacy in this domain. Mothers reported the duration of lactation care received.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>LCPs perceived emotional support as part of their role but hesitated to engage in this domain. Confidence in providing emotional support was higher among RNLCs compared to IBCLCs and LEs. Mothers expected emotional support from their LCPs but questioned whether they were adequately trained. Mothers assisted by IBCLCs perceived them as significantly more capable of providing emotional support than those assisted by RNLC or LEs. A longer lactation care duration was associated with mothers' positive perceptions of emotional support in lactation care.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>LCPs and mothers perceive emotional support as an important aspect of lactation care. However, they reported challenges in delivering and engaging in this aspect. These findings underscore the need to incorporate structured training in emotional support into the education and professional development of LCPs.</p>","PeriodicalId":9142,"journal":{"name":"Breastfeeding Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"319-325"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147986634","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"ABM Action Statement on Forced Separation of Breastfeeding Families.","authors":"Elien Rouw, Julie Ware, Casey Rosen-Carole, Mariana Colmenares, Rima L Strassman","doi":"10.1177/15568253261432749","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/15568253261432749","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9142,"journal":{"name":"Breastfeeding Medicine","volume":"21 5","pages":"287-288"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147970443","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hematologic Drugs and Breastfeeding.","authors":"Philip O Anderson","doi":"10.1177/15568253251359880","DOIUrl":"10.1177/15568253251359880","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9142,"journal":{"name":"Breastfeeding Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"291-293"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144625373","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"First Do No Harm.","authors":"Julie Ware, Elien Rouw, Casey Rosen-Carole","doi":"10.1177/15568253261432106","DOIUrl":"10.1177/15568253261432106","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9142,"journal":{"name":"Breastfeeding Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"289-290"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147632511","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Disease-Modifying Therapy and Breastfeeding.","authors":"Philip O Anderson","doi":"10.1177/15568253251413184","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/15568253251413184","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9142,"journal":{"name":"Breastfeeding Medicine","volume":"21 4","pages":"239-241"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147697176","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Effects of Feeding Breast Milk at Different Temperatures on Newborns: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.","authors":"Çiğdem Gök, Türkan Turan","doi":"10.1177/15568253251413231","DOIUrl":"10.1177/15568253251413231","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Breast milk is the optimal source of nutrition for newborns, especially preterm infants, and its temperature during feeding may influence both physiological stability and clinical outcomes. Although individual studies suggest potential benefits of warmed milk, evidence remains inconsistent and has not been comprehensively synthesized.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To systematically review and analyze the effects of administering breast milk at different temperatures on physiological responses, feeding tolerance, and clinical outcomes in newborns.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This systematic review and meta-analysis followed the Cochrane Handbook (version 6.0) and PRISMA guidelines. A comprehensive search of nine databases (CINAHL, CENTRAL, Web of Science, PubMed, Scopus, ScienceDirect, ERIC, EBSCO, OVID) was conducted for studies published between 2010 and 2025 in English. Data extraction and risk of bias assessment were performed independently by two reviewers using RoB-2 and ROBINS-I tools. Meta-analyses were conducted using Stata 16.0, applying fixed- or random-effects models based on <i>I</i>² heterogeneity values.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Five studies involving 373 infants met the inclusion criteria. Meta-analyses revealed no statistically significant effects of breast milk temperature on heart rate, oxygen saturation, or body temperature at 5 or 30 minutes after feeding. A small short-term decrease in body temperature (5 minutes post-feeding) was noted in the intervention group, but this was not sustained. Time to achieve full enteral feeding was also not significantly different between groups. Heterogeneity was substantial for several outcomes (<i>I</i>² > 85%). Risk of bias ranged from low to serious across included studies.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Current evidence indicates that administering breast milk at different temperatures does not produce clinically meaningful differences in short-term physiological parameters or clinical outcomes in newborns. Milk at room temperature, near-body temperature, or alternative warming methods appears to be equally well tolerated.</p>","PeriodicalId":9142,"journal":{"name":"Breastfeeding Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"265-274"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146028310","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of the Safety of Taking Brexpiprazole During the Lactation Period.","authors":"Akari Fukuda, Gen Oyanagi, Saya Kikuchi, Chihiro Iwasaki, Miyu Okubo, Aoi Noda, Kei Morishita, Nao Okabe, Riko Iwabuchi, Yuji Sato, Erika Kimura, Natsuko Kobayashi, Hasumi Tomita, Shinichi Sato, Noriyuki Iwama, Takushi Hanita, Masatoshi Saito, Hiroaki Tomita, Taku Obara, Nariyasu Mano","doi":"10.1177/15568253251408037","DOIUrl":"10.1177/15568253251408037","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Brexpiprazole (BPZ), an antipsychotic drug introduced in 2018, is often used to manage psychiatric conditions. However, the effect of its use on infants whose mothers are receiving BPZ during lactation remains uncertain. Given the limited data on its effects on infants, this study evaluated the safety of its use by mothers during lactation.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Three mother-infant pairs were assessed between 2018 and 2023 at Tohoku University Hospital. Each mother continued BPZ monotherapy (1-2 mg/day) during pregnancy and lactation within the first month postpartum, and data on maternal and infant health, as well as withdrawal symptoms or adverse events in newborns and infants, were collected from medical records.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>No withdrawal symptoms or severe adverse events were noted in any of the three newborns or infants. Mild cases of neonatal jaundice and acne were observed in all three newborns and infants; however, they were considered unrelated to BPZ exposure. Nonetheless, it appears that the drug might have decreased milk supply, as supplemental formula feeding was occasionally necessary.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study suggests that BPZ monotherapy (1-2 mg/day) during lactation does not lead to withdrawal symptoms or serious adverse events in newborns or infants within the first month postpartum. This initial evidence may help inform breastfeeding decisions among mothers receiving BPZ monotherapy.</p>","PeriodicalId":9142,"journal":{"name":"Breastfeeding Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"275-279"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146123743","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of Two Midwife-Supported Breastfeeding Positions After Cesarean: A Pilot Randomized Controlled Study.","authors":"Benay Oğuz, Nursen Bolsoy","doi":"10.1177/15568253261415604","DOIUrl":"10.1177/15568253261415604","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to compare the effectiveness of two different breastfeeding positions (routine cradle hold and modified football hold) with midwife support during the first breastfeeding session after cesarean section. The modified football hold is defined as an innovative position designed to increase maternal comfort and support effective breastfeeding by protecting the incision site.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>The study is a randomized controlled, exploratory pilot study conducted at a public hospital in Türkiye between July 2021 and January 2022. The study included 90 postpartum women in total (45 in the experimental group and 45 in the control group). The groups were randomized using the block randomization method. The experimental group received a modified football hold with midwife support, while the control group received a routine cradle hold. The \"Mother and Newborn Information Form\" and the \"Infant Breastfeeding Assessment Tool (IBFAT)\" were used as data collection tools.</p><p><strong>Findings: </strong>The sociodemographic and obstetric characteristics of the experimental and control groups did not differ significantly (<i>p</i> > 0.05). In the experimental group, breastfeeding satisfaction was significantly higher (very satisfied: 68.9%; control: 22.5%) (<i>p</i> < 0.001). There was a statistically significant difference (<i>p</i> < 0.001) between the experimental group's mean IBFAT scores of 9.48 ± 1.85 and the control group's 5.95 ± 2.09. The effect size (Cohen's <i>d</i> = 1.78) was determined to be large.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>During the first breastfeeding session following a cesarean section, the modified football hold was found to be an effective method for increasing maternal satisfaction and promoting breastfeeding success. The effectiveness of breastfeeding and mother-baby bonding is thought to be enhanced by midwives' use of it in clinical settings. Nevertheless, further research using larger sample sizes and in various centers is required to validate the efficacy of this method.</p>","PeriodicalId":9142,"journal":{"name":"Breastfeeding Medicine","volume":"21 4","pages":"250-257"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147697181","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}