Breastfeeding Medicine最新文献

{"title":"Managing Allergies During Lactation: Patterns of Medication Use and Risk Assessment Among Breastfeeding Women.","authors":"Aleksandar Milić, Milena Kovačević, Ljiljana Stanković, Aleksandra Catić Đorđević, Sandra Vezmar Kovačević, Branislava Miljković","doi":"10.1177/15568253261472245","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/15568253261472245","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and objective: </strong>In recent years, an increasing prevalence of allergic diseases and, consequently, the use of medication to alleviate allergy symptoms was reported, while medication safety remains an understudied concern in breastfeeding women. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of allergic conditions among breastfeeding women, assess the utilization and safety of medications used for symptom relief, and describe pharmacist interventions delivered in community pharmacies.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective cohort study was conducted in community pharmacies as part of the national \"<i>Mama Friendly Pharmacy</i>\" initiative. Sociodemographic, clinical, and pharmacotherapy data were collected using structured questionnaires. Medication safety during lactation was assessed according to the e-lactancia database. The descriptive and statistical analyses were carried out using SPSS software.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among 515 breastfeeding women (mean age 30.9 ± 5.1 years), allergy was the most common medical condition (12.2%). Breastfeeding difficulties were reported by 35.1% of participants and were not significantly associated with allergies (<i>p</i> = 0.084). Women with allergies were less likely to use systemic anti-infectives and more likely to use respiratory medications, predominantly second-generation antihistamines (both <i>p</i> < 0.001). Among women with allergies, 57.1% received pharmacological treatment, and all prescribed medications were classified as safe or fairly safe during lactation, with relative infant doses below 10%. Pharmacists documented interventions in 41.3% of symptomatic women, including symptom management, safer medication substitution, breastfeeding-related administration advice, and infant monitoring recommendations.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Allergies were common during breastfeeding, reinforcing their growing global burden. Pharmacist-led counseling contributes to evidence-based medication use and optimization of pharmacotherapy while maintaining infant safety.</p>","PeriodicalId":9142,"journal":{"name":"Breastfeeding Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"15568253261472245"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148560830","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Letter to the Editor Regarding \"Impact of Oromotor Stimulation on Transition from Gavage to Full Oral Feeding in Preterm Neonates: A Randomized Controlled Trial\".","authors":"Jasmeet Kaur, Kanu Goyal","doi":"10.1177/15568253261458274","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/15568253261458274","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9142,"journal":{"name":"Breastfeeding Medicine","volume":"21 7","pages":"379-380"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148350773","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Origins.","authors":"Julie Ware","doi":"10.1177/15568253261445910","DOIUrl":"10.1177/15568253261445910","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9142,"journal":{"name":"Breastfeeding Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"383-384"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147762407","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The COVID-19 Pandemic and the 2022 Formula Shortage: Associations with Breastfeeding Initiation over 5 Years in the State of Florida, United States.","authors":"Anirban Chatterjee, Xuzhuo Zhao, Peiyin Hung, Xiaoming Li, Bo Cai, Nansi Boghossian, Jihong Liu","doi":"10.1177/15568253261450805","DOIUrl":"10.1177/15568253261450805","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To examine hospital breastfeeding initiation trends and their association with COVID-19 pandemic and the infant formula shortage.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Using a multivariable logistic regression model, we examined associations between breastfeeding initiation and exposure to the COVID-19 pandemic and infant formula shortage, and the modifying roles of race/ethnicity, residence, and WIC participation in 1,060,057 individuals aged 15-49 years with institutional childbirths in Florida between January 1, 2018, and December 31, 2022.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Overall, 922,922 (87.06%) initiated breastfeeding before hospital discharge. Initiation declined as COVID-19 progressed, but started increasing as the formula shortage hit and continued. The rates show a declining trend once the shortage was addressed. Compared with non-Hispanic White, the odds of breastfeeding initiation were higher for all groups except for non-Hispanic Black, and for urban than rural mothers. The odds increased with formula shortage onset for WIC beneficiaries across race/ethnicities and among urban WIC beneficiaries compared with nonbeneficiaries.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The combined pressures of COVID-19 pandemic and formula scarcity increased breastfeeding initiation rates, especially in WIC beneficiaries. However, breastfeeding initiation rates returned to prepandemic levels as the formula shortage resolved.</p>","PeriodicalId":9142,"journal":{"name":"Breastfeeding Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"368-378"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148004687","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Authors' Response to the Letter to the Editor Regarding \"<i>Impact of Oromotor Stimulation on Transition from Gavage to Full Oral Feeding in Preterm Neonates: A Randomized Controlled Trial</i>\".","authors":"Dinesh Kumar, Muniba Alim, Durgesh Kumar, Sakshi Agrawal, Suraj Kumar, Nishant Sharma, Dushyant Rastogi","doi":"10.1177/15568253261459442","DOIUrl":"10.1177/15568253261459442","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9142,"journal":{"name":"Breastfeeding Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"381-382"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148216558","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Breastfeeding Prediction Using Machine Learning: Insights into Key Predictors and Model Performance.","authors":"Feng Wei, Zihan Sun","doi":"10.1177/15568253261450552","DOIUrl":"10.1177/15568253261450552","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Breastfeeding shows persistent disparities shaped by complex maternal, infant, and household factors, making prediction challenging. As traditional models struggle to capture such complexity, this study aims to identify predictors of ever breastfeeding and longer breastfeeding duration using multiple machine learning models and to assess the potential of these methods in breastfeeding prediction.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Using nationally representative data from the U.K. Household Longitudinal Study, we apply Lasso (Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator) logistic regression, decision tree, random forest, XGBoost, support vector machine, and neural network models to examine factors associated with whether infants were ever breastfed and whether breastfeeding stopped at or after 3 months.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Maternal, household, and birth-related factors all relate to breastfeeding, but maternal socioeconomic factors, especially education and ethnicity, emerge as the strongest predictors. Across the two breastfeeding outcomes, model performance is better for whether infants were ever breastfed than for breastfeeding duration, which is more difficult to predict. Within each outcome, the models show similar performance without substantial differences.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Breastfeeding outcomes can be reasonably predicted, and the predictive signal is driven primarily by maternal socioeconomic characteristics, enabling targeted support at relatively low informational cost. However, prediction remains limited, especially for breastfeeding duration, suggesting that while key influences are captured, more nuanced or situational mechanisms remain difficult to anticipate. Lasso logistic regression, with its low complexity and transparent structure, performs comparably to more complex models and may therefore be a more appropriate methodological choice for breastfeeding prediction.</p>","PeriodicalId":9142,"journal":{"name":"Breastfeeding Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"359-367"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147986598","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Combined Hormonal Contraception with Low-Dose Ethinylestradiol is Associated with Modest Reduction of Breast Milk Volume when Administered Vaginally, but Not Orally.","authors":"Lior Segev, Gideon Weitzman, Basem Hijazi, Guy Shrem, Hila Hochler, Yechiel Burke, Abraham O Samson, Naama Srebnik","doi":"10.1177/15568253261450161","DOIUrl":"10.1177/15568253261450161","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Combined hormonal contraception (CHC) is habitually not prescribed to breastfeeding women due to concerns of decreased milk production. This habit is based on inconclusive studies that examined lactation suppression of CHC with high-dose Ethinylestradiol (EE ≥ 30 µg/day). Notably, the effect of oral CHC with current low-dose EE (20 µg/day EE), and of vaginal rings (15 µg/day EE), has not yet been studied. Here, we examine their effect on breastmilk production.</p><p><strong>Study design: </strong>This study included 172 breastfeeding women, and evaluated self-reported breastmilk production, with and without hormonal contraception. Breastfeeding women using CHC with low-dose EE, either orally (<i>N</i> = 20), or vaginally (<i>N</i> = 32), were asked to complete a questionnaire, at two time-points: (1) Before starting CHC, and (2) some 7-10 days after. The questionnaire recorded 12 variables linked with breastfeeding. As a control group, breastfeeding women using progestin-only pills (POP, <i>N</i> = 54) with Desogestrel 75 µg/day, were used. As another control group, breastfeeding women using no hormonal contraception (<i>N</i> = 66) were also asked to complete the same questionnaire.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Vaginal rings, but not oral CHC pills, containing low-dose EE, are associated with a reduction of self-reported expressed breastmilk volume by 20%. Likewise, vaginal rings, but not oral pills, are correlated with impairment of 5 out of 12 breastfeeding variables, namely: (1) breastfeeding interval, (2) self-expressed milk volume, (3) use of milk substitutes, (4) number of night-feedings, and (5) full diapers.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Vaginal rings with low-dose EE (15 µg/day) are associated with a modest, yet significant, decrease in self-expressed breastmilk volume. In contrast, oral CHC pills with low-dose EE (20 µg/day) are not associated with a significant impact on breastmilk production. These findings may have clinical implications for prescribers and patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":9142,"journal":{"name":"Breastfeeding Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"351-358"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147940062","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Breastfeeding May Confer Long-Term Immunity Against Emerging Infectious Pathogens-Ecological Evidence over 2 Full Years of the COVID-19 Epidemic in Georgia, United States.","authors":"Joanne Chopak-Foss, Victoria Roy, Christopher Turner, Hunter Martin, Charles Barton, Tori Defoe, Felix Twum, Arshpreet Kaur Mallhi, Chigozie Ogwara, Keagan Kiely, Andrew R Hansen, Jian Zhang","doi":"10.1177/15568253261450169","DOIUrl":"10.1177/15568253261450169","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Long-term immunity acquired maternally against infectious pathogens has been reported in animal studies, but epidemiological evidence remains lacking. To assess long-term maternal immunity in humans against infectious pathogens, we examined COVID-19 disease burden in communities with varying breastfeeding practices.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Using data from 159 counties in Georgia, the United States, from March 1, 2020, through February 28, 2022, we calculated the daily incidence, mortality, and fatality rates of COVID-19 and estimated rate ratios (RRs) in counties with low (<62%, <i>n</i> = 36) and moderate breastfeeding initiation rates (BFIRs) (62-79%, <i>n</i> = 81) compared to counties with high BFIRs (≥79%, <i>n</i> = 42) adjusted for counties' sociodemographic and quantified indicators of public health interventions.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>More than 80% of 2 million cases involved individuals aged 18 or older. The daily incidence and mortality curves in the counties with high BFIRs lagged 2 weeks behind those in the counties with low BFIRs. Daily mortality reached 10 deaths per million during every major surge in low BFIR counties, but in high BFIR counties, this occurred only during the 2020-2021 winter spike. Compared to high BFIR counties, counties with low BFIRs had a daily incident RR of 2.95 (95% CI = 1.11, 6.00) in rural counties and 1.45 (1.03, 2.04) in urban counties on February 28, 2022, the cutoff date.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>A significantly higher COVID-19 incidence occurred in low BFIR counties compared to that in high BFIR counties. Breastfeeding may confer long-term immunity against emerging infectious pathogens by enhancing an individual's biological immunity or strengthening the community's social defense.</p>","PeriodicalId":9142,"journal":{"name":"Breastfeeding Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"303-311"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148004646","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Celebrate Our Families and Providers-They Are All Olympic (Liquid) Gold Medalists!","authors":"Julie Ware","doi":"10.1177/15568253261437784","DOIUrl":"10.1177/15568253261437784","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9142,"journal":{"name":"Breastfeeding Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"341-342"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147638036","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Possible Association Between Etanercept Use During Breastfeeding and Infant Somnolence, Hypotonia, and Feeding Difficulties: A Case Report and Literature Review.","authors":"Burak Eskiyurt, Ersan Horoz, Deniz Ceyda Bakırlı, Mesut Gungor, Baris Karadas, Yusuf Cem Kaplan","doi":"10.1177/15568253261446227","DOIUrl":"10.1177/15568253261446227","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Etanercept is a tumor necrosis factor inhibitor frequently used to control ankylosing spondylitis (AS) in women of reproductive age, yet data on its safety during breastfeeding are limited. We report a case of an infant who developed somnolence, hypotonia, feeding difficulties, and a concomitant infection temporally associated with maternal etanercept therapy during lactation and discuss implications for breastfeeding.</p><p><strong>Case: </strong>A 33-year-old woman with AS delivered a healthy female infant by cesarean section at 36 + 5 weeks' gestation and began exclusive breastfeeding. At 11 weeks postpartum, she initiated etanercept 25 mg subcutaneously once weekly for her active disease. During treatment, the infant developed prolonged sleep, somnolence, feeding difficulty, and hypotonia, followed within a week by low-grade fever, cough, and nasal congestion. After three doses, etanercept was discontinued, and she was referred to our teratology information service. Approximately 2 weeks after the last dose, the infant's respiratory symptoms worsened, and diarrhea developed, prompting emergency admission. Laboratory evaluation showed leukocytosis, elevated C-reactive protein, and a nasopharyngeal swab, which was positive for rhinovirus/enterovirus. Symptoms resolved with supportive care and azithromycin by treatment days 4-5. At 9 months of age, the infant has had no other health issues.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This case illustrates the difficulty of interpreting adverse events in breastfed infants exposed to maternal biologic medications. Although current evidence suggests no clinically severe adverse effects, minimal infant exposure, and a low risk of clinically relevant immunosuppression with etanercept during breastfeeding, individualized counseling and careful monitoring of exposed infants remain essential.</p>","PeriodicalId":9142,"journal":{"name":"Breastfeeding Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"336-340"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147833406","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}