Brain Research最新文献

{"title":"T-regulatory cells and extracellular vesicles in Alzheimer's disease: New therapeutic concepts and hypotheses.","authors":"Ricardo Augusto Leoni De Sousa, Bruno Ferreira Mendes","doi":"10.1016/j.brainres.2024.149393","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.brainres.2024.149393","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cell-based treatment has experienced exponential expansion in recent years in terms of clinical application and market share among pharmaceutical companies. When malignant cells in a healthy individual produce antigenic peptides derived from mutant or improperly synthesized proteins, the immune system attacks and kills the transforming cells. This process is carried out continuously by immune cells scanning the body for altered cells that could cause some harm. T-regulatory cells (Tregs), which preserve immunological tolerance and can exert neuroprotective benefits in numerous disorders, including animal models of Alzheimer's disease (AD), have demonstrated considerable therapeutic potential. Evidence also suggests that not only Tregs, but extracellular vesicles (EVs) are involved in a wide range of diseases, such as cellular homoeostasis, infection propagation, cancer development and heart disease, and have become a promisor cell-based therapeutic field too. Nevertheless, despite significant recent clinical and commercial breakthroughs, cell-based medicines still confront numerous challenges that hinder their general translation and commercialization. These challenges include, but are not limited to, choosing the best cell source, and creating a product that is safe, adequately viable, and fits the needs of individual patients and diseases. Here, we summarize what we know about Tregs and EVs and their potential therapeutic usage in AD.</p>","PeriodicalId":9083,"journal":{"name":"Brain Research","volume":" ","pages":"149393"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142821805","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exercise alleviates cognitive decline of natural aging rats by upregulating Notch-mediated autophagy signaling.","authors":"Dandan Chen, Yuan Guo, Meng Zhang, Xingran Liu, Baowen Zhang, Xianjuan Kou","doi":"10.1016/j.brainres.2024.149398","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.brainres.2024.149398","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Notch signaling, a classical signaling pathway of neurogenesis, is downregulated during the aging and age-related neurodegenerative diseases. Exercise has been proposed as an effective lifestyle intervention for delaying cognitive decline. However, it remains unclear whether exercise intervention could alleviate cognitive decline by modulating neurogenesis in naturally aging rats. In this study, 21-month-old natural aging rats were used to study brain aging. The natural aging rats underwent different forms of exercise training (aerobic exercise or strength training or comprehensive exercise with aerobic exercise and strength training) for 12 consecutive weeks. The cognitive function of natural aging rats was determined by Morris Water Maze. Notch signaling, autophagy-related proteins and hippocampal neurogenesis were examined by immunofluorescence, qRT-PCR and Western blot. Results showed that natural aging rats exhibited cognitive decline, accumulation of AD pathological proteins (APP and Aβ), and decreased neurogenesis (decreased DCX, Ki67 and GFAP), compared with the young control rats. Moreover, a significant decline in Notch signaling and autophagy was found in the hippocampus of natural aging rats. However, different forms of exercise upregulated Notch signaling and its downstream target genes, as well as autophagy-related proteins, including LC3, Beclin1, and p62. In summary, our data suggest that different forms of exercise can mitigate brain aging by upregulating Notch signaling and autophagy, thereby increasing hippocampal neurogenesis and improves spatial learning and memory abilities.</p>","PeriodicalId":9083,"journal":{"name":"Brain Research","volume":" ","pages":"149398"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142817252","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Corrigendum to \"Astaxanthin reduces matrix metalloproteinase-9 expression and activity in the brain after experimental subarachnoid hemorrhage in rats\" [Brain Res. 1624 (2015) 113-124].","authors":"Xiang-Sheng Zhang, Xin Zhang, Qing-Rong Zhang, Qi Wu, Wei Li, Tian-Wei Jiang, Chun-Hua Hang","doi":"10.1016/j.brainres.2024.149390","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.brainres.2024.149390","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9083,"journal":{"name":"Brain Research","volume":"1850 ","pages":"149390"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142811788","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The mechanism of SiJunZi decoction in the treatment of Parkinson's disease.","authors":"Baoquan Wen, Xiuzhi Li, Jiafu Xu, Yuqin He, Xiaofeng Lin, Xiujuan Wu, Chaoyin Wu","doi":"10.1016/j.brainres.2024.149397","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.brainres.2024.149397","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disease, but treatment options for PD are limited, and drug development has reached a bottleneck. With the progress of the aging population, the number of PD patients in China is increasing day by day, imposing a heavy burden on patients and society. Therefore, it is urgent to explore targeted medicine based on the pathogenesis of PD and disease targets. Ancient physicians have used the traditional Chinese medicine formula SiJunZi decoction (SJZD) to treat PD. However, it is less commonly used clinically now, and its pharmacological mechanism still needs to be further elucidated. In this study, based on network pharmacology research and molecular docking technology, the mechanism of SJZD in treating PD was revealed, showing that the extract of SJZD acts on cell microdomain membranes and lipid rafts, affecting ubiquitin-protein ligase binding and ubiquitin-like protein ligase binding processes, and plays a role in neurogenesis. Molecular docking results showed that Ellipticine and Hederagenin in SJZD exhibited significant effects on targets: CASP3, BCL2, and PTGS2. The effect of SJZD reversing MPP⁺-induced SH-SY5Y cells injury was verified by experiments, concentrations ranging from 5ug/mL to 0.1ug/mL showed significant cell protection at 24 h.</p>","PeriodicalId":9083,"journal":{"name":"Brain Research","volume":" ","pages":"149397"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142817035","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Eyes-open and eyes-closed EEG of older adults with subjective cognitive impairment versus healthy controls: A frequency principal components analysis study.","authors":"Adele E Cave, Frances M De Blasio, Dennis H Chang, Gerald W Münch, Genevieve Z Steiner-Lim","doi":"10.1016/j.brainres.2024.149399","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.brainres.2024.149399","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Subjective Cognitive Impairment (SCI) is a self-perceived worsening of cognitive decline, carrying an increased risk of developing Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) and Alzheimer's Disease (AD). Due to the self-report nature of SCI, an understanding of the biological mechanisms that contribute to an increased dementia risk is needed. This study aims to assess the differences in resting state electroencephalography (EEG) (eyes-open, eyes-closed; EO, EC) between older adults with SCI and healthy controls (HCs) utilising frequency principal components analysis (fPCA), a novel data driven approach. Participants (n = 14 per group: SCI, HCs) were matched on age, sex, years of education, mood, cognition, and pre-morbid function. Continuous resting EEG was recorded during 2-minute conditions (EO, EC) and were submitted to 4 separate fPCAs (each condition, group). Corresponding components were assessed between groups and conditions, correlated with demographics, mood, and cognition variables; multivariate logistic regression was also carried out. Component amplitudes were larger in HCs for delta-theta and alpha-beta, while theta-alpha was larger for SCI. DASS anxiety scores contributed to higher amplitudes for HCs in EO delta-theta and alpha-beta, while male sex and depressive symptoms contributed to higher amplitudes for the SCI group in EO and EC theta-alpha. Findings demonstrate a distinct divergent signature of neurological activity in older people with SCI, despite normal objective cognitive function. This is the first fPCA study to investigate neuronal differences between HCs and older adults with SCI at rest. Novel confounders and effect modifiers were identified that should be controlled in future studies.</p>","PeriodicalId":9083,"journal":{"name":"Brain Research","volume":" ","pages":"149399"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142817255","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effects and possible mechanisms of whole-body vibration on cognitive function: A narrative review.","authors":"Huan Yang, Jie Gao, Hai-Yan Wang, Xin-Mei Ma, Bing-Yao Liu, Qian-Zhong Song, Hui Cheng, Sen Li, Zai-Yun Long, Xiu-Min Lu, Yong-Tang Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.brainres.2024.149392","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.brainres.2024.149392","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Whole-body vibration (WBV) is a physical stimulation method that transmits mechanical oscillations to the entire body through a vibration platform or device. Biokinetic and epidemiologic studies have shown that prolonged exposure to high-intensity WBV increases health risks, primarily to the lumbar spine and the nervous system connected to it. There is currently insufficient evidence to demonstrate a quantitative relationship between vibration exposure and risk of health effects. The positive effects of WBV on increasing muscle strength and improving balance and flexibility are well known, but its effects on cognitive function are more complex, with mixed findings, largely related to vibration conditions, including frequency, amplitude, and duration. Studies have shown that short-term low-frequency WBV may have a positive impact on cognitive function, demonstrates potential rehabilitation benefits in enhancing learning and memory, possibly by promoting neuromuscular coordination and enhancing neural plasticity. However, long term exposure to vibration may lead to chronic stress in nerve tissue, affecting nerve conduction efficiency and potentially interfering with neuroprotective mechanisms, thereby having a negative impact on cognitive ability, even causes symptoms such as cognitive decline, mental fatigue, decreased attention, and drowsiness. This literature review aimed to explore the effects of WBV on cognitive function and further to analyze the possible mechanisms. Based on the analysis of literatures, we came to the conclusion that the impact of WBV on cognitive function depends mainly on the frequency and duration of vibration, short-term low-frequency WBV may have a positive impact on cognitive function, while long term exposure to WBV may lead to cognitive decline, and the mechanisms may be involved in neuroinflammation, oxidative stress, synaptic plasticity, and neurotransmitter changes. This review may provide some theoretical foundations and guidance for the prevention and treatment of WBV induced cognitive impairment.</p>","PeriodicalId":9083,"journal":{"name":"Brain Research","volume":" ","pages":"149392"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142812169","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"CRMP2 regulates mossy fiber sprouting and modulates microtubule dynamics in a pilocarpine induced rat model of epilepsy.","authors":"Zhongqian Su, Yuxiang Li, Fangchao Tong, Yiying Cai, Yuanfang Li, Jing Ding, Qiang Wang, Xin Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.brainres.2024.149395","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.brainres.2024.149395","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Our study aimed to investigate the role of CRMP2 in mossy fiber sprouting (MFS) using a pilocarpine-induced rat model of epilepsy.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>First, the rats were sacrificed on the 1, 7, 14 and 28 day after pilocarpine injection. Quantitative Real-time PCR (qPCR) and Western blot (WB) were performed to assess mRNA and protein levels in the hippocampus and cortex. Next, shCRMP2 AAV was injected into the dentate gyrus of hippocampus to knock down CRMP2 expression. Two weeks later, the epileptic rat model was induced by pilocarpine injection. On the day of status epilepticus (SE) induction, animals in the shCtrl + EP + LCM and shCRMP2 + EP + LCM group received twice-daily intragastric administration of Lacosamide (LCM). The rats were video monitored from day 7 to 28, and were sacrificed on day 28 after pilocarpine injection for subsequent experiment.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In the present study, we observed downregulation of phosphorylated CRMP2 in the hippocampus of epileptic rats. Additionally, LCM treatment reduces the expression level of CRMP2 protein in the hippocampus of these rats. Both CRMP2 knockdown and LCM treatment were found to decrease mossy fiber sprouting (MFS) in the dentate gyrus and shorten the duration of seizures in epileptic rats. Furthermore, we discovered that microtubule dynamics are reduced in the hippocampus of epileptic rats. Both CRMP2 Knockdown and LCM treatment were shown to increase the microtubule dynamics in the hippocampus of rats with epilepsy.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In conclusion, we demonstrated convincingly that CRMP2 regulates mossy fiber sprouting and modulates microtubule dynamics in a pilocarpine induced rat model of epilepsy.</p>","PeriodicalId":9083,"journal":{"name":"Brain Research","volume":" ","pages":"149395"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142812166","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of inspiratory muscle training on aspiration symptoms in patients with dysphagia following ischemic stroke.","authors":"Shan Liu, Zhenfeng Fan, Minke Fu, Keling Cheng, Xin Zhang, Jun Ni, ZhiYong Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.brainres.2024.149396","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.brainres.2024.149396","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To investigate the impact of inspiratory muscle training on lung function and swallowing function in patients with dysphagia-induced aspiration following ischemic stroke and to evaluate the effectiveness of inspiratory muscle training on aspiration symptoms.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Fifty-eight inpatients with dysphagia-induced aspiration following ischemic stroke were selected and randomly divided into a control group (n = 29, conventional swallowing therapy) and a treatment group (n = 29, conventional swallowing therapy plus inspiratory muscle training). Both groups received conventional swallowing function training, including oral sensory training, oral motor training, airway safety protection training, and neuromuscular electrical stimulation therapy for 10-20 min per session, twice daily for 2 weeks. The treatment group additionally received inspiratory muscle resistance training using the POWERbreathe device for 20 min per session, twice daily for 2 weeks. Swallowing function was assessed using the Penetration-Aspiration Scale (PAS), Functional Dysphagia Scale (FDS), and Functional Oral Intake Scale (FOIS) based on the videofluoroscopic swallowing study (VFSS) before and after treatment. Lung function, including maximal peak expiratory flow rate (PEF) and forced vital capacity (FVC), was evaluated using the Miraclink X-SCRIBE cardiac stress testing system.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Before treatment, there were no significant differences in FOIS, FDS, and PAS scores between the two groups (P > 0.05), while post-treatment, both groups showed significant improvements in these indicators (P < 0.05), with the treatment group showing more significant improvements than the control group (P < 0.05). Further, before treatment, there were no significant differences in FVC and PEF scores between the two groups (P > 0.05), whereas post-treatment, the treatment group showed significant improvements in these indicators (P < 0.05) and the control group showed no significant changes (P > 0.05). The treatment group also showed more significant improvements than the control group (P < 0.05). Finally, a correlation analysis revealed a significant linear relationship between FVC and PEF in the post-treatment PAS in the treatment group (P < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Inspiratory muscle training can improve lung function in patients with dysphagia following ischemic stroke, as it develops swallowing function more effectively than conventional swallowing function training alone. Moreover, inspiratory muscle training is effective in treating aspiration caused by dysphagia, with enhancements in aspiration related to improved lung function.</p>","PeriodicalId":9083,"journal":{"name":"Brain Research","volume":" ","pages":"149396"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142812168","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"From lab coats to clinical trials: Evolution and application of electromagnetic fields for ischemic stroke rehabilitation and monitoring.","authors":"Jasmina Isaković, Benjamin Daniel Chin, Moritz Oberwinter, Hannah Katarina Rance","doi":"10.1016/j.brainres.2024.149391","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.brainres.2024.149391","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Stroke is a neurovascular disorder which stands as one of the leading causes of death and disability worldwide, resulting in motor and cognitive impairment. Although the treatment approach depends on the time elapsed, the type of stroke and the availability of care centers, common interventions include thrombectomy or the administration of a tissue plasminogen activator (tPA). While these methods restore blood flow, they fall short in helping patients regain lost function. With that, recent years have seen a rise in novel methods, one of which is the use of electromagnetic fields (EMFs). Due to their ability to impact the charges in their vicinity, thereby altering the immune response and cell signaling, EMFs became suitable candidates for stroke rehabilitation. Based on their characteristics, therapeutic EMFs can be categorized into transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS), transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS), pulsed (PEMFs) and low frequency (LF-EMFs) electromagnetic fields, among others. In addition to treatment, EMFs are being explored for stroke monitoring, utilizing external EMFs for imaging or recording innate EMFs linked to neural activity. Drawing from research on the effects of EMFs, this review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the physical principles and molecular mechanisms underlying the action of EMFs, along with a discussion of their application in preclinical studies and clinical trials. Finally, this paper not only addresses the importance of treatment availability and potential side-effects, but also delves into the technical and ethical challenges associated with the use of EMFs, while exploring their prospects and future opportunities.</p>","PeriodicalId":9083,"journal":{"name":"Brain Research","volume":" ","pages":"149391"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142812167","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Maternal supplementation with Dipteryx alata Vog. modulates fecal microbiota diversity, accelerates reflex ontogeny, and improves non-associative and spatial memory in the offspring of rats.","authors":"Diego Elias Pereira, Rita de Cássia de Araújo Bidô, Maciel da Costa Alves, Marília Ferreira Frazão Tavares de Melo, Ana Carolina Dos Santos Costa, Larissa Maria Gomes Dutra, Marcilio Martins de Morais, Claudio Augusto Gomes da Câmara, Vanessa Bordin Viera, Adriano Francisco Alves, Wydemberg José de Araujo, Elma Lima Leite, Celso José Bruno de Oliveira, Juliano Carlo Rufino Freitas, Juliana Késsia Barbosa Soares","doi":"10.1016/j.brainres.2024.149383","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.brainres.2024.149383","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Maternal diet plays a crucial role in offspring development, directly affecting neural development and gut microbiota composition. This study aimed to assess if baru almond and oil (Dipteryx alata Vog.) could modulate intestinal microbiota, brain fatty acid profile, and enhance memory in offspring of rats treated during early life stages. Three groups were formed: Control- received distilled water by gavage; Oil- received 2000 mg/kg of baru oil, and Almond - received 2000 mg/kg of baru almond. Somatic development and reflex ontogenesis were evaluated in offspring during the first 21 days. In adolescence and adulthood, memory was tested using Open Field Habituation, Object Recognition, and Morris Water Maze. Brain histology and fatty acid were measured, and fecal microbiota analysis was performed. Both almond and oil groups showed increased PUFAs in breast milk and brains, accelerated reflex ontogeny, improved somatic development and better performance in the memory tests in both life stages (p < 0.05). Supplementation enhanced fecal microbiota abundance associated with neuroprotective effects. The almond group showed a 29 % increase in Eubacterium, Candidates-Arthromitus, Collinsella, and Christensenellaceae-R-7. Both oil and almond groups had higher Blautia and Clostridia-UCG-014 compared to controls. The oil group had about 10 % more Ruminococcus, UCG-005, Acetatifactor, Negativibacillus, and Lachnospiraceae-ND3007 than the others. With the present data, we can observe the safety of baru consumption by pregnant and lactating rats and verify its effects on modulating the microbiota, inducing adequate development of the offspring's nervous system, contributing to anticipated reflex maturation and improving memory.</p>","PeriodicalId":9083,"journal":{"name":"Brain Research","volume":" ","pages":"149383"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142794228","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}