Brain Research最新文献_第3页

Acorus tatarinowii alleviates D-galactose-induced Alzheimer’s-like disease cognitive impairment and Aβ-induced pericytes dysfunction in mice 石菖蒲能缓解 D-半乳糖诱导的阿尔茨海默氏症样疾病小鼠认知障碍和 Aβ 诱导的周细胞功能障碍。

IF 2.7 4区医学

Brain Research Pub Date : 2024-11-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2024.149312

Tong Zhang , Juan Yang , Haiying Xu , Yushuang Cao , Xinyuan Du , Lichen Guo , Bing Liang , Linlin Su , Lijuan Chai , Qing Yuan , Limin Hu

{"title":"Acorus tatarinowii alleviates D-galactose-induced Alzheimer’s-like disease cognitive impairment and Aβ-induced pericytes dysfunction in mice","authors":"Tong Zhang , Juan Yang , Haiying Xu , Yushuang Cao , Xinyuan Du , Lichen Guo , Bing Liang , Linlin Su , Lijuan Chai , Qing Yuan , Limin Hu","doi":"10.1016/j.brainres.2024.149312","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.brainres.2024.149312","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Pericytes regulate cerebral blood flow (CBF) and excess amyloid in the brain. Pericyte dysfunction may contribute to the pathology of Alzheimer’s disease (AD)<em>. Acorus tatarinowii</em> (AT), a Chinese medicine commonly used to treat AD, protects the central nervous system. However, whether AT can regulate pericyte function and ameliorate cognitive dysfunction remains unclear. We employed a novel target recognition assay, quantitative measurement of CBF, hematoxylin and eosin staining, immunofluorescence staining, and Western blot to investigate the role of AT in improving cognitive function in patients with AD. Additionally, we investigated the therapeutic potential of β-Asarone, the primary active compound in AT, for treating AD by modulating pericyte function using transmission electron microscopy, silver staining, electrical impedance, and other methodologies. The results revealed that administration of AT effectively alleviated the cognitive impairments induced by D-galactose in mice, as evidenced by enhanced CBF, improved histological characteristics of damaged brain tissue cells, increased expression of platelet-derived growth factor-β (PDGF-β), decreased Aβ accumulation via enhanced lipoprotein receptor-related protein 1 (LRP1), and reduced beta-site APP-cleaving enzyme 1 (BACE1). β-Asarone treatment mitigated ROS release and BACE1 expression while elevating the cell index in Aβ1-40 injured mouse brain vascular pericytes (MBVP). These findings suggest that AT has the potential to enhance CBF and mitigate pericellular dysfunction, thereby ameliorating Aβ deposition in the brain and improving cognitive impairment in patients with AD.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9083,"journal":{"name":"Brain Research","volume":"1847 ","pages":"Article 149312"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142614668","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Naringin supplementation during pregnancy alters rat offspring’s brain redox system and mitochondrial function 孕期补充柚皮苷会改变大鼠后代的大脑氧化还原系统和线粒体功能

IF 2.7 4区医学

Brain Research Pub Date : 2024-11-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2024.149317

B.G. dos Santos , C.P. Klein , P.M. August , M.S. Crestani , R.M. Hozer , A.B. Saccomori , B.M. Dal Magro , K.S. Rodrigues , C. Matté

{"title":"Naringin supplementation during pregnancy alters rat offspring’s brain redox system and mitochondrial function","authors":"B.G. dos Santos , C.P. Klein , P.M. August , M.S. Crestani , R.M. Hozer , A.B. Saccomori , B.M. Dal Magro , K.S. Rodrigues , C. Matté","doi":"10.1016/j.brainres.2024.149317","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.brainres.2024.149317","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Naringin supplementation is known to ameliorate oxidative stress in the central nervous system (CNS) and improve cognitive function in disease models using adult rodents. However, if this supplementation is applied during critical periods of development, would it still be beneficial? To address this question, we used pregnant Wistar rats that were supplemented daily with naringin (100 mg/kg) during gestation. After delivery, pups were euthanized on postnatal day (PND) 1, 7, and 21. The prefrontal cortex, hippocampus, striatum, and cerebellum were dissected for redox system and mitochondrial function evaluation. Our data demonstrated that naringin supplementation to pregnant rats during gestation differentially affected the brain structures analyzed, inducing a dysregulation in the redox homeostasis, mainly on PND1. Redox and mitochondrial alterations found in offspring’s cerebellum on PND1 were also observed on PND7, and persisted up to PND21, indicating a higher susceptibility of this structure to the effects triggered by maternal naringin supplementation. In contrast to what was observed in the cerebellum, we found a progressive decline in the number of alterations in the prefrontal cortex, hippocampus, and striatum from PND1 up to PND21, suggesting that these brain structures are not as susceptible as the cerebellum to the naringin’s effects. Thus, our findings demonstrate a possible negative programming effect triggered by maternal naringin supplementation during pregnancy in the offspring’s brain, especially in the cerebellum.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9083,"journal":{"name":"Brain Research","volume":"1847 ","pages":"Article 149317"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142614675","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Factors influencing language performance in boys and girls at age 2 in the French ELFE birth cohort 影响法国 ELFE 出生队列中男孩和女孩 2 岁时语言表现的因素。

IF 2.7 4区医学

Brain Research Pub Date : 2024-11-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2024.149305

Frédérique Gayraud , Jean-Louis Lanoë , Maria De Agostini

{"title":"Factors influencing language performance in boys and girls at age 2 in the French ELFE birth cohort","authors":"Frédérique Gayraud , Jean-Louis Lanoë , Maria De Agostini","doi":"10.1016/j.brainres.2024.149305","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.brainres.2024.149305","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Different environmental and biological variables affect the rhythm of language acquisition in children. A substantial amount of literature has shown that girls overtake boys, at least in the early stages of language acquisition. The goal of this study is to investigate how different factors affect language scores in girls and boys. The parents of 6415 two-year-old French children from the ELFE cohort completed a parental questionnaire assessing language development. Our results show that girls do indeed display higher scores. In order to explore the impact of different variables – such as child characteristics, parental characteristics, the extent to which parents have interactions, such as reading and singing with children – on girls’ and boys’ scores, we tested logistic regressions contrasting children with very low scores with those with average or high scores. We found that sex remained a highly significant explanatory variable. Finally, we analyzed the extent to which there are differences between girls and boys in terms of the variables associated with a low score. Strictly exposed to the same unfavorable factors, girls with very low scores at two years master more words than boys with very low scores. Although different variables are significantly associated with a low score, sex remains a highly significant explanatory variable. Hence, our work contributes significantly to the debated issue of sex/gender influence on language acquisition.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9083,"journal":{"name":"Brain Research","volume":"1847 ","pages":"Article 149305"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142603090","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Repeated high-dose esketamine in early postnatal rats leads to behavioural deficits with long-term modifications in white matter microstructural integrity 在出生后早期大鼠体内重复使用高剂量埃斯卡胺会导致行为障碍，并长期改变白质微结构的完整性。

IF 2.7 4区医学

Brain Research Pub Date : 2024-11-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2024.149311

Lijie Zhou , Xianlei Wang , Tianyu Cao , Yibo Li , Sufang Jiang , Lining Huang

{"title":"Repeated high-dose esketamine in early postnatal rats leads to behavioural deficits with long-term modifications in white matter microstructural integrity","authors":"Lijie Zhou , Xianlei Wang , Tianyu Cao , Yibo Li , Sufang Jiang , Lining Huang","doi":"10.1016/j.brainres.2024.149311","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.brainres.2024.149311","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Esketamine is commonly used for sedation or general anaesthesia in infants and young children. However, repeated esketamine administration during periods of rapid brain growth and development may result in various pathophysiological and cognitive changes. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the influence of recurrent esketamine exposure on long-term behavioural and white matter consequences. Seven-day-old (P7) male rats were allocated to control, high-, and low-dose groups. Behavioural paradigm assessment was conducted at P25–29. Diffusion tensor imaging revealed long-term effects on water diffusivity in the splenium and cingulum white matter of the corpus callosum at P30. Subsequent two-dimensional structure-tensor analysis of brain tissue sections stained with Luxol fast blue (LFB) showed marked changes in the white matter microstructure in rats after multiple exposures to varying esketamine doses. High-dose esketamine significantly reduced activity time and total distance in the open-field experiment. High-dose esketamine exposure might lead to impaired short-term memory in rats. Additionally, the high-dose group showed prolonged immobility time during the forced swimming test. On the balance beam, the high-dose group displayed more right turns and right-foot slips and lower time spent on the rotating bar, indicating motor defects, than did the other groups. Diffusion tensor imaging demonstrated a decreased water molecule diffusion ability in the corpus callosum in the high-dose group. LFB staining indicated microstructural differences in the white matter of animals in the high-dose group. These findings suggest that behavioural deficits in high-dose esketamine-treated rats are at least partially attributed to changes in the white matter microstructure.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9083,"journal":{"name":"Brain Research","volume":"1847 ","pages":"Article 149311"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142603101","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Electroacupuncture improves learning and memory deficits in diabetic encephalopathy rats by regulating the Nrf2/HO-1 pathway 电针通过调节 Nrf2/HO-1 通路改善糖尿病脑病大鼠的学习和记忆障碍

IF 2.7 4区医学

Brain Research Pub Date : 2024-11-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2024.149309

Wei Wang , Min Liu , Huachun Miao , Xin Gong , Feng Han , Liangbin Shi , Xili Yan , Zhiliang Xu

{"title":"Electroacupuncture improves learning and memory deficits in diabetic encephalopathy rats by regulating the Nrf2/HO-1 pathway","authors":"Wei Wang , Min Liu , Huachun Miao , Xin Gong , Feng Han , Liangbin Shi , Xili Yan , Zhiliang Xu","doi":"10.1016/j.brainres.2024.149309","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.brainres.2024.149309","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>High blood sugar caused by diabetic encephalopathy(DE) can lead to excessive accumulation of reactive oxygen species in the brain, induce oxidative stress, and subsequently cause neuronal degeneration and apoptosis. The Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway is one of the most important pathways in oxidative stress response, but the precise mechanism of EA treatment for DE and its specific mechanism of action on the Nfr2/HO-1 pathway remain unclear.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Male Wistar rats were randomly assigned to four groups: normal, solvent, model, and EA, with 10 rats per group. A DE rat model was induced by intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin. EA was applied to stimulate the “Zusanli” (ST36) and “Weiwanxiashu” (EXB3) points bilaterally, alternately for 30 min each, once a day for 4 weeks in the EA group. The rats’ fasting blood glucose(FBG) levels were measured with a glucometer. The Morris water maze was used to evaluate their learning and memory abilities. The morphology of neurons in the CA1 area of the hippocampus was observed by Nissl staining. Detection of protein expression of Nrf2 and HO-1 in the CA1 area of the hippocampus was performed by immunohistochemistry and immunoblotting.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>EA treatment reduced blood glucose levels, improved learning and memory abilities, increased the number of neurons in the hippocampal CA1 area, and upregulated the expression of Nrf2 and HO-1 in rats with DE. EA treatment may inhibit oxidative stress by modulating the Nrf2/HO-1 pathway in the hippocampal CA1 area, exerting a protective effect on neuronal cells in the hippocampal area in DE.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>EA enhances the learning and memory abilities of rats with DE by regulating the Nrf2/HO-1 pathway in the CA1 area of the hippocampus. This indicates that EA has the potential to protect neurons by reducing oxidative stress.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9083,"journal":{"name":"Brain Research","volume":"1847 ","pages":"Article 149309"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142590078","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Identification of potential inhibitors for MAP4K4 in glaucoma using meta-dynamics-based dissociation free energy calculation 利用基于元动力学的解离自由能计算，识别青光眼中 MAP4K4 的潜在抑制剂。

IF 2.7 4区医学

Brain Research Pub Date : 2024-11-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2024.149300

Vanshika Rustagi , Rashmi Rameshwari , Indrakant Kumar Singh

{"title":"Identification of potential inhibitors for MAP4K4 in glaucoma using meta-dynamics-based dissociation free energy calculation","authors":"Vanshika Rustagi , Rashmi Rameshwari , Indrakant Kumar Singh","doi":"10.1016/j.brainres.2024.149300","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.brainres.2024.149300","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Glaucoma, a prevalent eye ailment causing irreversible vision loss, affects over 295 million individuals globally, necessitating the exploration of novel therapeutic avenues. Despite extensive research on targets like the phosphodiesterase enzyme and rho kinase, the potential of MAP4K4 in glaucoma remains untapped. This study aims to identify potent MAP4K4 inhibitors to counteract retinal cell apoptosis and oxidative stress associated with glaucoma. Using HTVS and XP docking, 911,059 compounds were screened. The MMGBSA calculation and pharmacokinetics analysis were used to shortlist the compounds. After performing 75 molecular dynamics simulations, further <em>meta</em>-dynamics were employed to calculate dissociation-free energy and find potential MAP4K4 inhibitors. Findings indicated that ZINC06717217 and ZINC38836256 exhibited remarkable promise, with docking scores of −9.57 and −11.12 and MMGBSA binding energies of −91.07 kcal/mol and −87.52 kcal/mol, respectively. Comparative analysis with the reference compound Q27453723 underscored their superior stability, requiring dissociation-free energies of −15.11 kcal/mol and −12.46 kcal/mol to disengage from the docked complex. This underscored their robust binding affinity. ZINC06717217 and ZINC38836256 show promising stability and strong binding to the MAP4K4 protein. Hence, these findings are promising in inhibiting MAP4K4 for glaucoma treatment, potentially leading to more effective treatment and curing blindness.</div></div><div><h3>Key messages</h3><div>First to incorporate the dissociation-free energy for identifying compounds for glaucoma treatment.</div><div><em>In-silico</em> analysis showed that ZINC06717217 and ZINC38836256 are promising compounds for targeting MAP4K4.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9083,"journal":{"name":"Brain Research","volume":"1847 ","pages":"Article 149300"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142581610","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Astrocytic Gap Junctions protein Cx43/Cx30 modulate EAAT1 and glutamate to mediate cerebral ischemia–reperfusion injury 星形胶质细胞间隙连接蛋白Cx43/Cx30调节EAAT1和谷氨酸，介导脑缺血再灌注损伤

IF 2.7 4区医学

Brain Research Pub Date : 2024-11-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2024.149306

Min Li , Hongxia Nie , Qianqian He , Zhaoting Zhang , Shanhua Yu , Tiantian Wang , Bing Fu

{"title":"Astrocytic Gap Junctions protein Cx43/Cx30 modulate EAAT1 and glutamate to mediate cerebral ischemia–reperfusion injury","authors":"Min Li , Hongxia Nie , Qianqian He , Zhaoting Zhang , Shanhua Yu , Tiantian Wang , Bing Fu","doi":"10.1016/j.brainres.2024.149306","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.brainres.2024.149306","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The gap connexins of astrocytes play a crucial role in facilitating neuronal coordination and maintaining the homeostasis of the central nervous system. Cx30/Cx43 are the main proteins constituting these gap junctions, and the glutamate transporter EAAT1 associates with nerve injury. However, the role and mechanism underlying the changes of astrocytic connexins and EAAT1 during cerebral ischemia–reperfusion injury remain unclear. In this study, we investigated the expressions of Cx30, Cx43, and EAAT1 in OGD/R-treated astrocytes and in a MCAO/R animal model using gap junction inhibitors and siRNAs targeting Cx43 and Cx30. The differences of cell viability, malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), reactive oxygen species (ROS) and glutamate in cells and tissues were detected. Our results indicate that OGD/R exposure leads to the decline of astrocyte activity, which, in turn, adversely affects neuronal health. Ischemia-reperfusion induced increasing Cx43 and EAAT1 expression and decreasing Cx30 expression in astrocytes and animal brain tissue. Moreover, ischemia–reperfusion resulted in heightened MDA and ROS levels and reduced CAT and SOD activities in both astrocytes and the surrounding brain tissue. The release of glutamate from astrocytes and its concentration in animal brain tissue significantly increased following ischemia–reperfusion. Inhibition Cx43 expression through Gap26 or siRNA effectively mitigated the increase in EAAT1 and glutamate levels, as well as the oxidative stress changes induced by ischemia–reperfusion. Therefore, Brain astrocytes may mediate the effects of cerebral ischemia–reperfusion injury by influencing glutamate transporters and glutamate dynamics in response to oxidative stress through Cx30/Cx43.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9083,"journal":{"name":"Brain Research","volume":"1847 ","pages":"Article 149306"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142566828","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Altered callosal morphology in post-stroke cognitive impairment 中风后认知障碍中的胼胝体形态改变。

IF 2.7 4区医学

Brain Research Pub Date : 2024-11-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2024.149307

Xiaoli Zhou , Huan Li , Tao Li, Zhao Ruan, Xiaohui Chen, Xitong Liu, Lei Gao, Haibo Xu

{"title":"Altered callosal morphology in post-stroke cognitive impairment","authors":"Xiaoli Zhou , Huan Li , Tao Li, Zhao Ruan, Xiaohui Chen, Xitong Liu, Lei Gao, Haibo Xu","doi":"10.1016/j.brainres.2024.149307","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.brainres.2024.149307","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Stroke is the second leading cause of death and cognitive impairment. Post-stroke cognitive impairment (PSCI) is one of the most common sequelae among stroke survivors, yet its underlying neural mechanisms remain largely unclear. The corpus callosum (CC) plays a crucial role in interhemispheric integration and hemispheric segregation, with changes in CC morphology potentially overlapping with the spectrum of PSCI. This study aimed to investigate the morphological changes in the CC and their diagnostic value in PSCI patients. Structural MRI, neurobehavioral, and clinical data were collected from 104 PSCI patients and 54 demographically matched healthy controls. Significant reductions in CC area, circularity, and genu thickness were observed in PSCI patients, with these changes strongly correlating with global cognitive function. Subgroup analysis revealed that CC circularity significantly decreased when lesions were located in the posterior circulation, while both CC area and circularity markedly decreased with anterior circulation lesions. Receiver Operating Characteristic analyses identified the midbody areas of the CC as having high diagnostic value, with area under the curve values of 0.748 and 0.746, respectively. Further validation analyses suggest that the transcallosal fibers in these CC subregions are connected to the premotor, dorsal attention, and frontoparietal system. These findings show that areal CC atrophy in PSCI patients, particularly in regions with transcallosal connections to the premotor cortex and frontoparietal network, parallels global cognitive impairment. This suggests that CC morphology may serve as a potential imaging marker for the diagnosis and prognosis of PSCI.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9083,"journal":{"name":"Brain Research","volume":"1847 ","pages":"Article 149307"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142566819","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Pathophysiology of cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury: An overview of oxidative stress and plant-based therapeutic approaches 脑缺血再灌注损伤的病理生理学：氧化应激和植物治疗方法概述。

IF 2.7 4区医学

Brain Research Pub Date : 2024-11-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2024.149308

Wasim Akhtar , Mohd Muazzam Khan , Sanjay Kumar , Usama Ahmad , Ali Husen , Shiirevnyamba Avirmed

{"title":"Pathophysiology of cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury: An overview of oxidative stress and plant-based therapeutic approaches","authors":"Wasim Akhtar , Mohd Muazzam Khan , Sanjay Kumar , Usama Ahmad , Ali Husen , Shiirevnyamba Avirmed","doi":"10.1016/j.brainres.2024.149308","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.brainres.2024.149308","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Stroke is a debilitating neurological disorder that causes substantial morbidity and mortality on a global scale. Ischemic stroke, the most common type, occurs when the brain’s blood supply is interrupted. Oxidative stress is a key factor in stroke pathology, contributing to inflammation and neuronal cell death. As a result, there is increasing interest in the potential of plant extracts, which have been used in traditional medicine for centuries and are generally considered safe, to serve as alternative or complementary treatments for stroke. The plant extracts can target multiple pathological processes, including oxidative stress, offering neuroprotective effects. The development of highly efficient, low-toxicity, and cost-effective natural products is crucial for enhancing stroke treatment options. In this review, we examine 60 plant extracts that have been focused on the studies published from year 2000 to 2024 along with the studies’ experimental models, dosages, and results. The plant extracts hold promise in modulating cerebral ischemia–reperfusion injury through counteraction of relevant pathophysiologic processes such as oxidative stress.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9083,"journal":{"name":"Brain Research","volume":"1847 ","pages":"Article 149308"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142566897","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Intact ultrafast memory consolidation in adults with autism and neurotypicals with autism traits 成人自闭症患者和具有自闭症特征的神经类型患者的完整超快速记忆巩固。

IF 2.7 4区医学

Brain Research Pub Date : 2024-10-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2024.149299

Cintia Anna Nagy , Flóra Hann , Bianka Brezóczki , Kinga Farkas , Teodóra Vékony , Orsolya Pesthy , Dezső Németh

{"title":"Intact ultrafast memory consolidation in adults with autism and neurotypicals with autism traits","authors":"Cintia Anna Nagy , Flóra Hann , Bianka Brezóczki , Kinga Farkas , Teodóra Vékony , Orsolya Pesthy , Dezső Németh","doi":"10.1016/j.brainres.2024.149299","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.brainres.2024.149299","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The processes of learning and memory consolidation are closely interlinked. Therefore, to uncover statistical learning in autism spectrum disorder (ASD), an in-depth examination of memory consolidation is essential. Studies of the last five years have revealed that learning can take place not only during practice but also during micro rest (<1 min) between practice blocks, termed micro offline gains. The concept of micro offline gains refers to performance improvements during short rest periods interspersed with practice, rather than during practice itself. This phenomenon is crucial for the acquisition and consolidation of motor skills and has been observed across various learning contexts. Numerous studies on learning in autism have identified intact learning but there has been no investigation into this fundamental aspect of memory consolidation in autistic individuals to date. We conducted two studies with two different samples: 1) neurotypical adults with distinct levels of autistic traits (<em>N</em> = 166) and 2) ASD-diagnosed adults (<em>N<sub>ASD</sub></em> = 22, <em>N<sub>NTP</sub></em> = 20). Participants performed a well-established probabilistic learning task, allowing us to measure two learning processes separately in the same experimental design: statistical learning (i.e., learning probability-based regularities) and visuomotor performance (i.e., speed-up regardless of probabilities). Here we show considerable individual differences in offline (between blocks) changes during statistical learning and between-blocks improvement during visuomotor performance. However, cumulative evidence from individual studies suggests that the degree of autistic traits and ASD status are not associated with micro offline gains, indicating that, like statistical learning, rapid memory consolidation is intact.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9083,"journal":{"name":"Brain Research","volume":"1847 ","pages":"Article 149299"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142563485","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0