Brain Research最新文献

{"title":"Abnormal resting-state brain networks and their relationship with cognitive reappraisal preferences in depressive tendencies","authors":"Yan Sun,&nbsp;Xinge Mao,&nbsp;Peiyu Hou","doi":"10.1016/j.brainres.2025.149522","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.brainres.2025.149522","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>Currently, the neural mechanisms underlying the topological changes in the brains of individuals with depressive tendencies and the decline in their emotion regulation abilities remain largely unknown. Therefore, this study investigates resting-state brain network characteristics in college students with depressive tendencies (DT) and their preference to cognitive reappraisal strategies.</div></div><div><h3>Method</h3><div>A group of 38 DT students and 41 healthy controls (HCs) were assessed using questionnaires on cognitive reappraisal sub-strategies, followed by alpha and beta frequency band EEG feature extraction.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Through complex network analysis, DT participants showed significantly reduced preferences for positive reappraisal and detached reappraisal compared to HCs, while exhibiting higher preferences for involved reappraisal and negative reappraisal. Additionally, abnormalities in brain network centrality were observed, particularly in the frontal and limbic lobes across various frequency bands. A significant correlation was found between the preference for cognitive reappraisal sub-strategies in DT participants and significant changes in graph indices.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The findings highlight substantial alterations in the resting-state brain networks of DT individuals, closely associated with cognitive reappraisal strategy preferences. These alterations may affect emotion regulation strategy choices, offering insights into the neural mechanisms of emotional regulation difficulties in DT.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9083,"journal":{"name":"Brain Research","volume":"1854 ","pages":"Article 149522"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143530961","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Passiflora incarnate extract attenuates neuronal loss and memory impairment in stressed rats","authors":"Mohammad Amin Dehghani ,&nbsp;Gholam Hossein Meftahi ,&nbsp;Elham Moghtadaei Khorasgani","doi":"10.1016/j.brainres.2025.149520","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.brainres.2025.149520","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The present study investigated the protective effects of hydroalcoholic <em>Passiflora incarnate</em> extract on memory, anxiety-like behaviors, inflammatory factors, and cell density in the brain following stress. This study randomly divided 40 adult Wistar rats into 5 groups: control, normal saline, stress, stress + <em>Passiflora incarnata</em>, and <em>Passiflora incarnata</em> groups. For 21 consecutive days, the stress group and the <em>Passiflora inca</em>rnata + stress group were exposed to immobilizing stress for 2 h each day. The <em>Passiflora incarnata</em> and the stress + <em>Passiflora incarnata</em> groups were gavaged with <em>Passiflora incarnata</em> extract half an hour before stress for 21 days. One day after the last stress, the Barnes and elevated plus maze were used to measure learning, memory, and anxiety-like behavior, respectively. Additionally, the MDA (malondialdehyde), TNF-α, IL-1, and gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT) factors in the serum, as well as the cell density in the hippocampus, amygdala, and prefrontal regions, were investigated. The results of the Barnes maze showed that immobility stress increases the number of errors and the distance traveled to reach the target hole. Administering <em>Passiflora incarnata</em> extract prior to stress led to fewer errors and a shorter distance covered to reach the target hole. The use of <em>Passiflora incarnata</em> before stress in the elevated plus maze reduced anxiety-like behaviours (less frequent entries into the open arm, reduced duration of time in the open arm) compared to the stress group. The stress group caused a significant enhance in MDA, TNF-α, and IL-1 and a decrease in GGT, while treatment with <em>Passiflora incarnata</em> significantly improved these factors than the stress group. The immobility stress caused a significant decrease in cell density in the hippocampus, amygdala, and prefrontal region, and treatment with <em>Passiflora incarnata</em> increased cell density in these areas than the stress animals. In conclusion, <em>Passiflora incarnata</em> improves learning and memory impairment, anxiety-like behaviors, inflammatory factors, and damage caused by stress in the hippocampus, amygdala, and prefrontal areas.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9083,"journal":{"name":"Brain Research","volume":"1853 ","pages":"Article 149520"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143488200","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"MIMI-ONET: Multi-Modal image augmentation via Butterfly Optimized neural network for Huntington DiseaseDetection.","authors":"S Amudaria, S Joseph Jawhar","doi":"10.1016/j.brainres.2025.149530","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.brainres.2025.149530","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Huntington's disease (HD) is a chronic neurodegenerative ailment that affects cognitive decline, motor impairment, and psychiatric symptoms. However, the existing HD detection methods are struggle with limited annotated datasets that restricts their generalization performance. This research work proposes a novel MIMI-ONET for primary detection of HD using augmented multi-modal brain MRI images. The two-dimensional stationary wavelet transform (2DSWT) decomposes the MRI images into different frequency wavelet sub-bands. These sub-bands are enhanced with Contract Stretching Adaptive Histogram Equalization (CSAHE) and Multi-scale Adaptive Retinex (MSAR) by reducing the irrelevant distortions. The proposed MIMI-ONET introduces a Hepta Generative Adversarial Network (Hepta-GAN) to generates different noise-free HD images based on hepta azimuth angles (45°, 90°, 135°, 180°, 225°, 270°, 315°). Hepta-GAN incorporates Affine Estimation Module (AEM) to extract the multi-scale features using dilated convolutional layers for efficient HD image generation. Moreover, Hepta-GAN is normalized with Butterfly Optimization (BO) algorithm for enhancing augmentation performance by balancing the parameters. Finally, the generated images are given to Deep neural network (DNN) for the classification of normal control (NC), Adult-Onset HD (AHD) and Juvenile HD (JHD) cases. The ability of the proposed MIMI-ONET is evaluated with precision, specificity, f1 score, recall, and accuracy, PSNR and MSE. From the experimental results, the proposed MIMI-ONET attains the accuracy of 98.85% and reaches PSNR value of 48.05 based on the gathered Image-HD dataset. The proposed MIMI-ONET increases the overall accuracy of 9.96%, 1.85%, 5.91%, 13.80% and 13.5% for 3DCNN, KNN, FCN, RNN and ML framework respectively.</p>","PeriodicalId":9083,"journal":{"name":"Brain Research","volume":" ","pages":"149530"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143514572","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comprehensive evaluation of AChE inhibition by Eulophia ochreata extract Utilizing in Silico, ex Vivo, and in vivo zebrafish models.","authors":"Shivani R Ghadge, Pooja H Shimpi, Vikrant V Kumbhar, BhushanB Khairnar, Vandana S Nikam","doi":"10.1016/j.brainres.2025.149531","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.brainres.2025.149531","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Dementia commonly accompanies various neurodegenerative conditions, notably Alzheimer's disease. The pursuit of natural therapies for these diseases and their related symptoms has garnered widespread global interest. The present study aimed to explore the potential of Eulophia ochreata L. extract, containing phenanthrene active compounds, as an acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitor. Analytical techniques confirmed the presence of phenanthrene compounds in the extract, which were then screened for AChE inhibition through molecular docking, ex vivo assays and scopolamine-induced cognition deficits in zebra fish larvae. Analytical techniques confirmed the phenanthrene compounds within the extract of Eulophia ochreata L.,exhibiting similar affinity to AChE as the standard drug donepezil, with comparable interactions. Ex vivo assays using zebra fish larvae lysate, and mouse brain homogenate indicated dose-dependent AChE inhibition with increasing extract concentrations. Behavioral assessments, including T and Y maze tests, revealed significant cognition improvement in extract-treated larvae having scopolamine-induced cognitive dysfunction, particularly at 1.3 µg/ml concentration. The combined results from molecular docking, ex vivo assays, and in vivo cognition deficit models underscored the potential of Eulophia ochreata L. extract as an AChE inhibitor, suggesting its phytochemicals could hold therapeutic promise, indicating further validation in mammalian models for translation these into clinical therapies.</p>","PeriodicalId":9083,"journal":{"name":"Brain Research","volume":" ","pages":"149531"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143514571","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Flavonoids serve as a promising therapeutic agent for ischemic stroke","authors":"Hongxin Shu ,&nbsp;Qiuye Liao ,&nbsp;Zhihao Chen ,&nbsp;Mingyu Liang ,&nbsp;Si Zhang ,&nbsp;Junzhe Liu ,&nbsp;Yanze Wu ,&nbsp;Ping Hu ,&nbsp;Ming Luo ,&nbsp;Wenping Zhu ,&nbsp;Xingen Zhu ,&nbsp;Li Yang ,&nbsp;Tengfeng Yan","doi":"10.1016/j.brainres.2025.149528","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.brainres.2025.149528","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Ischemic stroke (IS) continues to be a major public health concern and is characterized by significantly high mortality and disabling rates. Inhibiting nerve cells death and enhancing the repair of ischemic tissue are important treatment concepts for IS. Currently, the mainstream treatment strategies mainly focus on short-term care, which underscores the urgent need for novel therapeutic strategies for long-term care. Emerging data reveal that flavonoids have surfaced as promising candidates for IS patients’ long-term care. Flavonoids can alleviate neuroinflammation and anti-apoptosis due to their characteristic pharmacological mechanisms. Clinical evidence suggests that long-term flavonoids intake improves IS patients’ long-term outcomes. Though the effect of flavonoids in IS treatment has been explored for decades, the neuroprotective pharmacodynamics have not been well established. Thereby, the aim of current review is to summarize the pathways involved in neuroprotective effect of flavonoids. This review will also advance the potential of flavonoids as a viable clinical candidate for the treatment of IS.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9083,"journal":{"name":"Brain Research","volume":"1853 ","pages":"Article 149528"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143499082","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"High frequency exercise after human cranial bone-derived mesenchymal stem cells transplantation enhances motor functional recovery following traumatic brain injury in mice","authors":"Md. Salimul Karim ,&nbsp;Masataka Teranishi ,&nbsp;Kei Nakagawa ,&nbsp;Takafumi Mitsuhara ,&nbsp;Tomoyuki Kurose","doi":"10.1016/j.brainres.2025.149527","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.brainres.2025.149527","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Traumatic brain injury (TBI) causes a neurological impairment of the central nervous system that may induce severe motor deficits. In this study, human cranial bone-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hcMSCs) were transplanted into a mouse TBI model, and the effects of differences in exercise frequency were examined as a rehabilitation approach to improve motor function after cell transplantation. Twenty-four hours after TBI induction, phosphate-buffered saline or hcMSCs were intravenously injected into mice that were divided into a non-exercise group, a low-frequency exercise group (LF Ex), and a high-frequency exercise group (HF Ex). Beam walking tests and rotarod tests were performed over time to assess motor function. Injured brain tissues were collected for mRNA and protein expression analysis on days 8 and 35 after TBI induction. On days 28 and 35 after TBI induction, significant associations were found between hcMSC transplantation (T) and exercise factors. Notably, the T + HF Ex group exhibited a significant improvement in motor function compared with the other groups. Moreover, we found that the mRNA and protein expression levels of growth associated protein 43 (GAP-43), hepatocyte growth factor (HGF), and nerve growth factor (NGF) were significantly higher in the T + HF Ex group than in other groups. Increased expression of GAP-43 enhances synaptic regeneration and promotes functional recovery. High expression of NGF accelerates neural differentiation, and HGF ensures the efficacy of hcMSCs. These data suggest that hcMSC transplantation combined with high-frequency exercise is a promising option for TBI treatment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9083,"journal":{"name":"Brain Research","volume":"1853 ","pages":"Article 149527"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143476145","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Resting-state EEG alpha asymmetry predicts false belief understanding during early childhood: An exploratory longitudinal study","authors":"Shuting Li ,&nbsp;Barbara C.N. Müller ,&nbsp;Jörg Meinhardt ,&nbsp;Beate Sodian","doi":"10.1016/j.brainres.2025.149523","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.brainres.2025.149523","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Theory of mind (ToM), the ability to attribute mental states to others, is fundamental to human socio-cognition. In child development, a full or explicit understanding of false beliefs (FB) and their impact on action emerges around the age of 4 years. There is evidence of functional specialization of right hemispheric activity related to FB processing in adults and children. However, it remains unclear whether this specialization is the cause or the consequence of ToM development. The present exploratory study investigates the longitudinal relationship of resting-state electroencephalogram (rsEEG) alpha asymmetry measured in infancy/toddlerhood and behavioral false belief understanding (FBU) at the age of 4 years. Employing a longitudinal design, Study 1 assessed rsEEG alpha asymmetry across frontal and parietal electrode sites (<em>N</em> = 43), implicit FBU at 34 months (<em>N</em> = 38), and explicit FBU at age 4 (<em>N</em> = 22). Study 2 is another independent longitudinal dataset that included rsEEG alpha asymmetry at 14 months (<em>N</em> = 37) and explicit FBU at age 4 (<em>N</em> = 32). We found that superior explicit FBU at age 4 was associated with greater right frontal activity at an earlier age, and better implicit FBU was cross-sectionally related to greater right parietal activity. Given the limited sample size, these results should be viewed as preliminary and warrant replication in future studies. Interpreted cautiously, these findings may suggest that rsEEG alpha asymmetry in frontal regions may serve as an early-appearing neural marker of children’s later explicit FBU.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9083,"journal":{"name":"Brain Research","volume":"1853 ","pages":"Article 149523"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143476148","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Application and research progress of different frequency tACS in stroke rehabilitation: A systematic review","authors":"Xue Ding ,&nbsp;Yu Zhou ,&nbsp;Yang Liu ,&nbsp;Xiao-Ling Yao ,&nbsp;Ji-Xian Wang ,&nbsp;Qing Xie","doi":"10.1016/j.brainres.2025.149521","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.brainres.2025.149521","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>After a stroke, abnormal changes in neural oscillations that are related to the severity and prognosis of the disease can occur. Resetting these abnormal neural oscillations is a potential approach for stroke rehabilitation. Transcranial alternating current stimulation (tACS) can modulate intrinsic neural oscillations noninvasively and has attracted attention as a possible technique to improve multiple post-stroke symptoms, including deficits in speech, vision, and motor ability and overall neurological recovery. The clinical effect of tACS varies according to the selected frequency. Therefore, choosing an appropriate frequency to optimize outcomes for specific dysfunctions is essential. This review focuses on the current research status and possibilities of tACS with different frequencies in stroke rehabilitation. We also discuss the possible mechanisms of tACS in stroke to provide a theoretical foundation for the method and highlight the controversial aspects that need further exploration. Although tACS has great potential, few clinical studies have applied it in the treatment of stroke, and no consensus has been reached. We analyze limitations in experimental designs and identify potential tACS approaches worthy of exploration in the future.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9083,"journal":{"name":"Brain Research","volume":"1852 ","pages":"Article 149521"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143453768","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Modeling spatio-temporal patterns in intensive binary time series eye-tracking data using Generalized Additive Mixed Models.","authors":"Sarah Brown-Schmidt, Sun-Joo Cho, Kimberly M Fenn, Alison M Trude","doi":"10.1016/j.brainres.2025.149511","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.brainres.2025.149511","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The aim of this paper is to introduce and illustrate the use of Generalized Additive Mixed Models (GAMM) for analyzing intensive binary time-series eye-tracking data. The spatio-temporal GAMM was applied to intensive binary time-series eye-tracking data. In doing so, we reveal that both fixed condition effects, as well as previously documented temporal contingencies in this type of data vary over time during speech perception. Further, spatial relationships between the point of fixation and the candidate referents on screen modulate the probability of an upcoming target fixation, and this pull (and push) on fixations changes over time as the speech is being perceived. This technique provides a way to not only account for the dominant autoregressive patterns typically seen in visual-world eye-tracking data, but does so in a way that allows modeling crossed random effects (by person and item, as typical in psycholinguistics datasets), and to model complex relationships between space and time that emerge in eye-tracking data. This new technique offers ways to ask, and answer new questions in the world of language use and processing.</p>","PeriodicalId":9083,"journal":{"name":"Brain Research","volume":" ","pages":"149511"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143466921","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"FusionNet: Dual input feature fusion network with ensemble based filter feature selection for enhanced brain tumor classification","authors":"Akash Verma,&nbsp;Arun Kumar Yadav","doi":"10.1016/j.brainres.2025.149507","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.brainres.2025.149507","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Brain tumors pose a significant threat to human health, require a precise and quick diagnosis for effective treatment. However, achieving high diagnostic accuracy with traditional methods remains challenging due to the complex nature of brain tumors. Recent advances in deep learning have showed potential in automating brain tumor classification using brain MRI images, offering the potential to enhance diagnostic result. This paper present FusionNet, a novel approach that utilizing normal and segmented MRI images to achieve better classification accuracy. Segmented images are generated using a Dual Residual Blocks based pre-trained model. Secondly, the model uses attention based mechanism and ensemble feature selection to prioritize the relevant features for improving the classification performance. Thirdly, proposed model incorporates the feature fusion of both the images (normal and segmented) to increase the selected feature for better classification. The proposed model achieved high accuracy across multiple datasets, with an accuracy of 99.62%, 99.54%, 99.39%, and 99.57% on the Figshare, Kaggle, Sartaj, combined dataset respectively. The proposed model demonstrates notable improvements in performance on both datasets. It achieves higher accuracy, precision, recall, and F1-score compared to existing models on the both datasets. The proposed FusionNet demonstrates significant improvements in brain tumor classification performance. The utility of this study lies in its contribution to the scientific community as a robust, efficient tool that advances brain tumor classification, supporting medical professionals in achieving superior diagnostic outcomes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9083,"journal":{"name":"Brain Research","volume":"1852 ","pages":"Article 149507"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143456645","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}