Brain injuryPub Date : 2024-09-03DOI: 10.1080/02699052.2024.2396012
Jennifer Krizman, Danielle Colegrove, Jenna Cunningham, Silvia Bonacina, Trent Nicol, Matt Nerrie, Nina Kraus
{"title":"Concussion acutely disrupts auditory processing in division I football student-athletes.","authors":"Jennifer Krizman, Danielle Colegrove, Jenna Cunningham, Silvia Bonacina, Trent Nicol, Matt Nerrie, Nina Kraus","doi":"10.1080/02699052.2024.2396012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02699052.2024.2396012","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Diagnosis, assessment, and management of sports-related concussion require a multi-modal approach. Yet, currently, an objective assessment of auditory processing is not included. The auditory system is uniquely complex, relying on exquisite temporal precision to integrate signals across many synapses, connected by long axons. Given this complexity and precision, together with the fact that axons are highly susceptible to damage from mechanical force, we hypothesize that auditory processing is susceptible to concussive injury.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We measured the frequency-following response (FFR), a scalp-recorded evoked potential that assesses processing of complex sound features, including pitch and phonetic identity. FFRs were obtained on male Division I Collegiate football players prior to contact practice to determine a pre-season baseline of auditory processing abilities, and again after sustaining a sports-related concussion. We predicted that concussion would decrease pitch and phonetic processing relative to the student-athlete's preseason baseline.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We found that pitch and phonetic encoding was smaller post-concussion. Student-athletes who sustained a second concussion showed similar declines after each injury.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Auditory processing should be included in the multimodal assessment of sports-related concussion. Future studies that extend this work to other sports, other injuries (e.g. blast exposure), and to female athletes are needed.</p>","PeriodicalId":9082,"journal":{"name":"Brain injury","volume":" ","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142118976","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Brain injuryPub Date : 2024-09-02DOI: 10.1080/02699052.2024.2393635
Pierre Langevin, Kathryn J Schneider, Michal Katz-Leurer, Mathilde Chevignard, Lisa Grilli, Adrienne Crampton, Isabelle Gagnon
{"title":"Evolution of dizziness-related disability in children following concussion: a group-based trajectory analysis.","authors":"Pierre Langevin, Kathryn J Schneider, Michal Katz-Leurer, Mathilde Chevignard, Lisa Grilli, Adrienne Crampton, Isabelle Gagnon","doi":"10.1080/02699052.2024.2393635","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02699052.2024.2393635","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to identify Dizziness-Related Disability (DRD) recovery trajectories in pediatric concussion and assess clinical predictors of disability groups.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>In this prospective cohort study, 81 children (8-17 years) diagnosed with an acute concussion took part in 3 evaluation sessions (baseline, 3-month, and 6-month). All sessions included the primary disability outcome, the Dizziness Handicap Inventory (DHI) to create the DRD recovery trajectories using group-based multi-trajectory modeling analysis. Each independent variable included general patients' characteristics, premorbid conditions, function and symptoms questionnaires, and clinical physical measures; and were compared between the trajectories with logistic regression models.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Low DRD (LD) trajectory (<i>n</i> = 64, 79%), and a High DRD (HD) trajectory (<i>n</i> = 17, 21%) were identified. The Predicting and Preventing Postconcussive Problems in Pediatrics (5P) total score (Odds Ratio (OR):1.50, 95% Confidence Interval (CI): 1.01-2.22), self-reported neck pain (OR:7.25, 95%CI: 1.24-42.36), and premorbid anxiety (OR:7.25, 95%CI: 1.24-42.36) were the strongest predictors of belonging to HD group.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Neck pain, premorbid anxiety, and the 5P score should be considered initially in clinical practice as to predict DRD at 3 and 6-month. Further research is needed to refine predictions and enhance personalized treatment strategies for pediatric concussion.</p>","PeriodicalId":9082,"journal":{"name":"Brain injury","volume":" ","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142104156","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Brain injuryPub Date : 2024-08-28DOI: 10.1080/02699052.2024.2395382
Scott Ramsay, V Susan Dahinten, Manon Ranger, Shelina Babul, Elizabeth Saewyc
{"title":"Follow-up visits after pediatric concussion and the factors associated with early follow-up: a population-based study in British Columbia.","authors":"Scott Ramsay, V Susan Dahinten, Manon Ranger, Shelina Babul, Elizabeth Saewyc","doi":"10.1080/02699052.2024.2395382","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02699052.2024.2395382","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To explore the rates and timing of a first follow-up visit for children and adolescents with a concussive injury and to identify factors associated with follow-up timing.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A descriptive, correlational design drawing on linked, population-based administrative data of concussed children and adolescents (ages 5-18 years) from the province of British Columbia (BC), Canada. Data were accessed through Population Data BC. Descriptive statistics and binary logistic regression were used to analyze the data.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>From January 1, 2016 to December 31, 2017, we retrieved 22,601 cases of concussion, of which 19% had an early follow-up visit (<i>N</i> = 4,294), 4.9% had later follow-up (<i>N</i> = 1,107), and 76.1% had no follow-up (<i>N</i> = 17,200). The factors of older age, living in a rural area, higher socioeconomic status, and seeing a specialist physician at an initial concussion diagnosis were more likely to have an early follow-up visit.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Early follow-up is important for recovery, but most children and adolescents with a concussion do not receive follow-up in BC.</p>","PeriodicalId":9082,"journal":{"name":"Brain injury","volume":" ","pages":"1-7"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142079120","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Brain injuryPub Date : 2024-08-23DOI: 10.1080/02699052.2024.2392251
Jacob E Resch, David X Cifu
{"title":"LIMBIC military and tactical athlete research study: making lemonade 101.","authors":"Jacob E Resch, David X Cifu","doi":"10.1080/02699052.2024.2392251","DOIUrl":"10.1080/02699052.2024.2392251","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The Long-term Impact of Military-relevant Brain Injury Consortium-Military and Tactical Athlete Research Study (LIMBIC MATARS) program established in 2020 is comprised of 22 universities and health systems across the United States. The LIMBIC MATARS Consortium's goal is to increase understanding of the complexities of concussion in collegiate athletes by leveraging extant retrospective and novel prospective data sets through the application of innovative research designs. The manuscripts in this special issue represent findings from clinical data sets based on consensus-derived common data elements collected from the 2015-2016 to 2019-2020 sport seasons that include 1311 cases of collegiate athletes diagnosed with concussion. Using these data, LIMBIC MATARS investigators addressed hypotheses that included (1) factors, including access to athletic trainers, biological sex, and ADHD, that may influence recovery from concussion, (2) predisposing risks associated with reinjury after return-to-sport, such as sport type, and (3) therapeutic targets for intervention including language barriers, physical activity, return-to-learn, and sleep. This commentary introduces the methodology and 10 descriptive studies highlighting initial findings from the Consortium.</p>","PeriodicalId":9082,"journal":{"name":"Brain injury","volume":" ","pages":"1-3"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142035207","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"TRPV4 modulation participates in paraoxon-induced brain injury <i>via</i> NMDA and NLRP3 regulation.","authors":"Shuai Wang, Huanhuan He, Yu Chen, Yaru Wang, Tingting Cui, Ninghong Ma","doi":"10.1080/02699052.2024.2351104","DOIUrl":"10.1080/02699052.2024.2351104","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Organophosphorus pesticide poisoning can lead to severe brain damage, but the specific mechanisms involved are not fully understood. Our research aims to elucidate the function of the TRPV4 ion channel in the development of brain injury induced by paraoxon (POX).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong><i>In vivo</i>, we examined the survival rate, behavioral seizures, histopathological alterations, NMDA receptor phosphorylation, as well as the expression of the NLRP3-ASC-caspase-1 complex and downstream inflammatory factors in the POX poisoning model following intervention with the TRPV4 antagonist GSK2193874. <i>In vitro</i>, we investigated the effects of GSK2193874 on NMDA-induced inward current, cell viability, cell death rate, and Ca<sup>2+</sup> accumulation in primary hippocampal neurons.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The treatment with the TRPV4 antagonist increased the survival rate, suppressed the status epilepticus, improved pathological damage, and reduced the phosphorylation level of NMDA receptors after POX exposure. Additionally, it inhibited the upregulation of NLRP3 inflammasome and inflammatory cytokines expression after POX exposure. Moreover, the TRPV4 antagonist corrected the NMDA-induced increase in inward current and cell death rate, decrease in cell viability, and Ca<sup>2+</sup> accumulation.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>TRPV4 participates in the mechanisms of brain injury induced by POX exposure through NMDA-mediated excitotoxicity and NLRP3-mediated inflammatory response.</p>","PeriodicalId":9082,"journal":{"name":"Brain injury","volume":" ","pages":"848-857"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140847748","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"AMPK deficiency inhibits fatty acid oxidation in endothelial progenitor cells to aggravate impaired angiogenesis after ischemic stroke in hyperlipidemic mice.","authors":"Jian Zhu, Qiaojuan Shi, Xue Han, Mengyang Wang, Lu Zhang, Huazhong Ying, Bing Yu","doi":"10.1080/02699052.2024.2349776","DOIUrl":"10.1080/02699052.2024.2349776","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Hyperlipidemia is a risk factor for stroke, and worsens neurological outcome after stroke. Endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs), which become dysfunctional in cerebral ischemia, hold capacity to promote revascularization.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>We investigated the role of dyslipidemia in impairment of EPC-mediated angiogenesis in cerebral ischemic mice.</p><p><strong>Methods and results: </strong>The high fat diet (HFD)-fed mice following by ischemic stroke exhibited increased infarct volumes and neurological severity scores, and poorer angiogenesis. Bone marrow-EPCs treated with palmitic acid (PA) showed impaired functions and inhibited activity of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK). Notably, AMPK deficiency aggravated EPC dysfunction, further decreased mitochondrial membrane potential, and increased reactive oxygen species level in EPCs with PA treatment. Furthermore, the expression of fatty acid oxidation (FAO)-related genes was remarkably reduced, and carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1A (CPT1A) protein expression was downregulated in AMPK-deficient EPCs. AMPK deficiency aggravated neurological severity scores and angiogenesis in ischemic brain of HFD-fed mice, accompanied by suppressed protein level of CPT1A. EPC transplantation corrected impaired neurological severity scores and angiogenesis in AMPK-deficient mice.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our findings suggest that AMPK deficiency aggravates poor angiogenesis in ischemic brain by mediating FAO and oxidative stress thereby inducing EPC dysfunction in hyperlipidemic mice.</p>","PeriodicalId":9082,"journal":{"name":"Brain injury","volume":" ","pages":"835-847"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140875813","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Brain injuryPub Date : 2024-08-23Epub Date: 2024-05-05DOI: 10.1080/02699052.2024.2347553
Daniel A P Geraghty, Vicki Anderson, Katherine Bray, Stephen J C Hearps, Fabian Fabiano, Franz E Babl, Gavin A Davis, Georgia M Parkin, Vanessa C Rausa, Nick Anderson, Vera Ignjatovic, Marc Seal, Michael Takagi
{"title":"Longitudinal neurocognitive trajectories and risk factors in the first three months following pediatric concussion.","authors":"Daniel A P Geraghty, Vicki Anderson, Katherine Bray, Stephen J C Hearps, Fabian Fabiano, Franz E Babl, Gavin A Davis, Georgia M Parkin, Vanessa C Rausa, Nick Anderson, Vera Ignjatovic, Marc Seal, Michael Takagi","doi":"10.1080/02699052.2024.2347553","DOIUrl":"10.1080/02699052.2024.2347553","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To identify differential trajectories of neurocognitive outcomes following pediatric concussion and investigate predictors associated with patterns of recovery up to 3 months.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>74 participants aged 8-17 years completed attention/working memory, processing speed, and executive function measures at 2 weeks, 1 month, and 3 months post-injury. We used principal component analysis to generate a composite of information processing. Group-based trajectory modeling identified latent trajectories. Multinominal logistic regression was used to examine associations between risk factors and trajectory groups.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We identified three trajectories of neurocognitive outcomes. The medium (54.6%) and high improving groups (35.8%) showed ongoing increase in information processing, while the low persistent group showed limited change 3 months post-injury. This group recorded below average scores on Digit Span Forward and Backward at 3 months. History of pre-injury headache was significantly associated with the persistent low scoring group, relative to the medium improving (<i>p</i> = 0.03) but not the high improving group (<i>p</i> = 0.09).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study indicates variability in neurocognitive outcomes according to three differential trajectories, with groups partially distinguished by preexisting child factors (history of frequent headaches). Modelling that accounts for heterogeneity in individual outcomes is essential to identify clinically meaningful indices that are indicative of children requiring intervention.</p>","PeriodicalId":9082,"journal":{"name":"Brain injury","volume":" ","pages":"764-772"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140861835","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Brain injuryPub Date : 2024-08-23Epub Date: 2024-05-05DOI: 10.1080/02699052.2024.2349144
Anna Marie Clay, Russell L Carr, Janice L DuBien, Filip To
{"title":"Short-term behavioral and histological findings following a single concussive and repeated subconcussive brain injury in a rodent model.","authors":"Anna Marie Clay, Russell L Carr, Janice L DuBien, Filip To","doi":"10.1080/02699052.2024.2349144","DOIUrl":"10.1080/02699052.2024.2349144","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Primary objective: </strong>It is unclear of the correlation between a mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) and repeated subconcussive (RSC) impacts with respect to injury biomechanics. Thus, the present study was designed to determine the behavioral and histological differences between a single mTBI impact and RSC impacts with subdivided cumulative kinetic energies of the single mTBI impact.</p><p><strong>Research design: </strong>Adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly assigned to a single mTBI impact, RSC impact, sham, or repeated sham groups.</p><p><strong>Methods and procedures: </strong>Following a weight drop injury, anxiety-like behavior and general locomotive activity and were assessed using the open field test, while motor coordination was evaluated using a rotarod unit. Neuronal loss, astrogliosis, and microgliosis were assessed using NeuN, GFAP and Iba-1 immunohistochemistry. All assessments were undertaken at 3- and 7-days post impact.</p><p><strong>Main outcomes and results: </strong>No behavioral disturbances were observed in injury groups, however, both injury groups did lead to microgliosis following 3-days post-impact.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>No pathophysiological differences were observed between a single mTBI impact and RSC impacts of the same energy input. Even though a cumulative injury threshold for RSC impacts was not determined, a threshold still may exist where no pathodynamic shift occurs.</p>","PeriodicalId":9082,"journal":{"name":"Brain injury","volume":" ","pages":"827-834"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140855936","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Brain injuryPub Date : 2024-08-23Epub Date: 2024-05-26DOI: 10.1080/02699052.2024.2350049
Errolyn Boettcher-Hunt, Roslyn N Boyd, Noula Gibson
{"title":"Hip displacement in children with post-neonatal cerebral palsy and acquired brain injury: a systematic review.","authors":"Errolyn Boettcher-Hunt, Roslyn N Boyd, Noula Gibson","doi":"10.1080/02699052.2024.2350049","DOIUrl":"10.1080/02699052.2024.2350049","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>To systematically review the prevalence, risk factors and timing of onset of hip displacement in children with a post-neonatal (PNN) brain injury with regards to hip surveillance recommendations.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>A search of PubMed, MEDLINE, Embase, CINAHL and Web of Science was conducted on 22<sup>nd</sup> February 2022. Studies were included if they reported presence of, and risk factors for, hip displacement in children with PNN brain injury. Data was extracted on patient characteristics, and analyzed in terms of risk factors of interest and timing of development of hip displacement.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Six studies met the inclusion criteria (<i>n</i> = 408 participants). All were cohort studies: five retrospective and one prospective. Rates of hip displacement ranged from 1% to 100%, and were higher in children with diffuse brain injury at an early age, who were non-ambulant and had spastic quadriplegia. Hip displacement and hip dislocation were first identified at one and three months respectively following PNN brain injury.</p><p><strong>Interpretation: </strong>Evidence on hip displacement in children with PNN brain injury is sparse and low quality. Children who remain non-ambulant after diffuse PNN brain injury before five years of age appear most at risk of developing progressive hip displacement and earlier hip surveillance is recommended.</p>","PeriodicalId":9082,"journal":{"name":"Brain injury","volume":" ","pages":"751-763"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141155226","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Brain injuryPub Date : 2024-07-28Epub Date: 2024-05-05DOI: 10.1080/02699052.2024.2347548
Pascale Simard, Samuel Turcotte, Catherine Vallée, Marie-Eve Lamontagne
{"title":"Implementation of the strengths model of case management for people with a traumatic brain injury: a qualitative pre-implementation study.","authors":"Pascale Simard, Samuel Turcotte, Catherine Vallée, Marie-Eve Lamontagne","doi":"10.1080/02699052.2024.2347548","DOIUrl":"10.1080/02699052.2024.2347548","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>People who sustain a traumatic brain injury (TBI) may have to live with permanent sequelae such as mental health problems, cognitive impairments, and poor social participation. The strengths-based approach (SBA) of case management has a number of positive impacts such as greater community integration but it has never been implemented for persons with TBI. To support its successful implementation with this population, it is essential to gain understanding of how the key components of the intervention are perceived within the organization applying the approach.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Documenting the barriers and facilitators in the implementation of the SBA as perceived by potential adopters.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A qualitative pre-implementation study was conducted using semi-structured interviews with community workers and managers of the community organization where the SBA is to be implemented. Data were analyzed using a deductive approach based on the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The major barriers are associated with the intervention (e.g. adaptability of the intervention) and the external context (e.g. the impact of the pandemic). Perceived facilitators are mainly associated with the internal context (e.g. compatibility with current values).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The barriers and facilitators identified will inform the research team's actions to maximize the likelihood of successful implementation.</p>","PeriodicalId":9082,"journal":{"name":"Brain injury","volume":" ","pages":"734-741"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140862186","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}