BMC Ophthalmology最新文献

{"title":"Optic disc characteristics evaluated with swept source optical coherence tomography angiography (SS-OCTA) in nonarteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy (NAION): a cross-sectional study.","authors":"Dazhuang Ren, Wenjing Li, Chang Li, Shu Yang, Cece Zhao, Xiaoyun Hou, Dongjun Xing, Rongguo Yu, Zhiqing Li","doi":"10.1186/s12886-025-04002-1","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12886-025-04002-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Nonarteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy (NAION) is one of common optic neuropathies affect optic disc. But the structure of optic disc in NAION remains poorly understood. Our aim was to identify optic disc characteristics of NAION.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This cross-sectional study included chronic-stage affected eyes and unaffected eyes from NAION patients and normal eyes from age-matched individuals. Measurements of optic disc and macula from swept source optical coherence tomography angiography (SS-OCTA) were recorded. Besides conventional OCTA parameters, we also manually measured circumpapillary retinal nerve fiber layer (cRNFL) thickness, lamina cribrosa depth (LCD) and prelaminar tissue thickness (PLTT). Additionally, we introduced a new parameter, retinal nerve fiber layer density (RNFLD).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>This study finally included 53 NAION-fellow eyes, 26 chronic-stage NAION eyes and 50 normal eyes. NAION-fellow eyes and NAION eyes showed significantly thicker PLTT compared to normal eyes (p < 0.001). NAION fellow eyes showed similar peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer (pRNFL) thickness but significantly thicker cRNFL (p < 0.001) compared to normal eyes. And NAION eyes showed significantly thinner pRNFL (p < 0.001) but similar cRNFL compared to normal eyes. RNFLD was higher in NAION-fellow eyes compared to the other two groups (p < 0.01). Logistic analyses showed PLTT was independently associated with NAION susceptibility (OR = 1.017, 95% CI: 1.009-1.025, p < 0.001). ROC curve of PLTT showed that the area under the curve (AUC) was 0.905 (95% CI: 0.846-0.964, p < 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Both affected and unaffected eyes of NAION patients exhibited an increase in non-nerve fiber components within the retinal nerve fiber layer at optic disc. These increased components might be glial tissue or the remnants of the primitive vitreous. Additionally, PLTT was an independent susceptibility factor for NAION.</p>","PeriodicalId":9058,"journal":{"name":"BMC Ophthalmology","volume":"25 1","pages":"166"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11963473/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143771369","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Do the monocyte-derived dendritic cells exert a pivotal role in the early onset of experimental autoimmune uveitis?","authors":"Bo Yuan, Yajie Wang, Yanhua Chu, Xiaoyong Yuan","doi":"10.1186/s12886-025-04014-x","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12886-025-04014-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Eyes are recognized as immunological privileged site. However, the onset of autoimmune uveitis (AU) prompts an influx of dendritic cells (DCs) into the retinas, tasked with presenting auto-antigens, thereby exacerbating the inflammatory response. Monocyte-derived DCs (moDCs) implicated in various autoimmune disorders, but their specific involvement in AU remains unclear. This study aims to investigate the constitution and dynamics of retinal DCs subsequent to the induction of experimental autoimmune uveitis (EAU).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In our study, an EAU model was established in C57BL/6J mice, and prednisolone acetate (PA) eye drops were administrated unilaterally to the right eye from 5 days post-immunization (dpi). The infiltration of Gr-1⁺CD115⁺CD11c^-MHC-II^- cells (monocytes), Gr-1⁺CD115⁺CD11c⁺MHC-II⁺ cells (moDCs) and Gr-1^-CD115^-CD11c⁺MHC-II⁺ cells (conventional dendritic cells, cDCs) within retina were detected by flow cytometry and immunofluorescence stain at 7, 10, 13, and 16 dpi. Additionally, the protein expression and mRNA expression of pivotal cytokines associated with moDCs and inflammation were analysed by western blotting and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR), respectively.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Our findings unveiled a notable rise in moDCs infiltration and differentiation from 7 to 13 dpi. The administration of PA eye drops did not yield a significant variance in either the quantity or the differentiation rate of moDCs. Throughout the initial stages of EAU, the expression of GM-CSF remained consistent, while TGF-β1 exhibited a sustained increase until 13 dpi in the control group and until 10 dpi following PA treatment. Anti-inflammatory cytokines Il-10 and Il-4 displayed no significant increase until 16 dpi after PA administration.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our results indicate that moDCs exhibited an earlier and more substantial infiltration into the inflamed retina compared to cDCs. This heightened presence of moDCs appeared to play a dominant role in the presentation of auto-antigens during the initial stages of EAU, consequently contributing to the exaggerated autoimmune response within the ocular milieu. The administration of PA exhibited no discernible impact on either the differentiation or the infiltration of moDCs.</p>","PeriodicalId":9058,"journal":{"name":"BMC Ophthalmology","volume":"25 1","pages":"165"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11963667/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143771367","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Scleral melting following scleral sutured intraocular lens using a polytetrafluoroethylene (Gore-Tex^®) suture.","authors":"Hatem Kalantan, Abdulrahman Albuainain, Wael Otaif, Abdullah M Alfawaz, Mohammed M Abusayf, Abdulrahman F AlBloushi","doi":"10.1186/s12886-025-03926-y","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12886-025-03926-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To report a case of scleral melting following implantation of a Gore-Tex^®-sutured scleral-fixated intraocular lens (SFIOL).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Single-case report.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A 39-year-old man with a history of blunt trauma and crystalline lens subluxation presented with a 3-week history of left-eye pain, redness, and foreign-body sensation. He had undergone pars plana vitrectomy, and SFIOL using silk sutures one-year earlier; however, the intraocular lens (IOL) was unstable and was replaced with a Gore-Tex^® suture. On presentation, his best-corrected visual acuity was counting fingers near the face in the left eye. The left eye had episcleral and conjunctival injection, clear cornea, a deep anterior chamber with occasional cellular reaction, a peaked pupil inferonasally, and temporal subluxation of the IOL. A large area of active temporal scleral melt with prolapsed uveal tissue and an exposed Gore-Tex suture knot were noted. Systemic work-up was unremarkable. Oral prednisolone and methotrexate were initiated, and a scleral patch graft was performed to cover the exposed suture and enhance the structural integrity of the scleral wall. However, the scleral melt continued to involve the nasal side, and the patient underwent another scleral patch grafting over the nasal side. Rituximab was also administered, but the scleral melt persisted. Therefore, the Gore-Tex suture and IOL were removed. Five months later, the patient remained stable without further melting.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Although Gore-Tex suture-related complications are rare, further long-term studies are warranted. The early detection and treatment of suture-related complications can optimize visual outcomes and prevent devastating sequelae.</p>","PeriodicalId":9058,"journal":{"name":"BMC Ophthalmology","volume":"25 1","pages":"160"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11959986/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143762531","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The influence of orthokeratology on peripheral refraction during accommodation.","authors":"Zhixing Li, Xia Jin, Mengfang Gui, Xiaojin Zhang, Xiaohong Guo, Tonghe Pan, Ying Wang","doi":"10.1186/s12886-025-03985-1","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12886-025-03985-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Significance: </strong>The change in peripheral refraction from hyperopic to myopic defocus following orthokeratology (OK) has been recognized as a main factor in myopia control. However, the impact of OK lenses on peripheral refraction at nearpoints in myopic eyes still requires further investigation.</p><p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This study aims to investigate changes in peripheral refraction during accommodation in myopic adults after orthokeratology (OK) wear.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Twenty-four selected myopic adults (mean spherical equivalent: -2.70 ± 1.04 D) participated in this study. Peripheral refractions were measured by an auto-refractor with targets located at 25 cm and 50 cm from the eye. Measurements were performed across ± 30º of the horizontal field in 5º steps from the visual axis of subject's right eye before and after wearing the OK lens. The statistical package SPSS was used to analyze the data to determine the relationship between peripheral refractions and accommodation.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>After wearing the OK lens, the peripheral refraction became more myopic with increasing eccentricity during accommodation (t > 2.80, p < 0.01, N30º, N25º, N20º, T15º, T20º, T25º and T30º, for 25 cm and 50 cm). While relative hyperopic reflective errors were observed in the central (accommodative lag) and near peripheral (= < 15 º) retinal fields (t < -2.5, p < 0.02, for 0º, N5º, N10º, N15º and T10º for 25 cm and 50 cm), relative myopic refractive errors were evident in the farther periphery (> 15 º). (for 25 cm, -0.45 ± 1.18, -0.71 ± 1.47, -1.00 ± 1.31 and -1.70 ± 2.16D, for N30º, T20º, T25º, and T30º; for 50 cm, -0.76 ± 1.28, -0.84 ± 1.05; -1.17 ± 1.30 and -2.15 ± 1.81D, for N30º, T20º, T25º, and T30º; t > 2.5, P < 0.02).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The myopic shift of peripheral refraction from the OK lens was partly counteracted by an insufficient change in refractive power of the eye during accommodation. Even though the refractive errors become relative hyperopic in the central and near peripheral retinal fields, relative myopic refraction was still maintained in the farther periphery for the accommodated myopic eyes treated with OK lenses.</p>","PeriodicalId":9058,"journal":{"name":"BMC Ophthalmology","volume":"25 1","pages":"161"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11959750/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143762539","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative analysis of deep learning architectures for thyroid eye disease detection using facial photographs.","authors":"Amirhossein Aghajani, Mohammad Taher Rajabi, Seyed Mohsen Rafizadeh, Amin Zand, Majid Rezaei, Mohammad Shojaeinia, Elham Rahmanikhah","doi":"10.1186/s12886-025-03988-y","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12886-025-03988-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To compare two artificial intelligence (AI) models, residual neural networks ResNet-50 and ResNet-101, for screening thyroid eye disease (TED) using frontal face photographs, and to test these models under clinical conditions.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 1601 face photographs were obtained. These photographs were preprocessed by cropping to a region centered around the eyes. For the deep learning process, photographs from 643 TED patients and 643 healthy individuals were used for training the ResNet models. Additionally, 81 photographs of TED patients and 74 of normal subjects were used as the validation dataset. Finally, 80 TED cases and 80 healthy subjects comprised the test dataset. For application tests under clinical conditions, data from 25 TED patients and 25 healthy individuals were utilized to evaluate the non-inferiority of the AI models, with general ophthalmologists and fellowships as the control group.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In the test set verification of the ResNet-50 AI model, the area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve (AUC), accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity were 0.94, 0.88, 0.64, and 0.92, respectively. For the ResNet-101 AI model, these metrics were 0.93, 0.84, 0.76, and 0.92, respectively. In the application tests under clinical conditions, to evaluate the non-inferiority of the ResNet-50 AI model, the AUC, accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity were 0.82, 0.82, 0.88, and 0.76, respectively. For the ResNet-101 AI model, these metrics were 0.91, 0.84, 0.92, and 0.76, respectively, with no statistically significant differences between the two models for any of the metrics (all p-values > 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Face image-based TED screening using ResNet-50 and ResNet-101 AI models shows acceptable accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity for distinguishing TED from healthy subjects.</p>","PeriodicalId":9058,"journal":{"name":"BMC Ophthalmology","volume":"25 1","pages":"162"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11959711/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143762530","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association between stress hyperglycemia ratio and neovascular glaucoma in patients with proliferative diabetic retinopathy.","authors":"Chuankai Fang, Di He, Minghai Shen, Runan Chen, Xiaomei Shen","doi":"10.1186/s12886-025-03982-4","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12886-025-03982-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The purpose of this study was to investigate the association between the stress hyperglycemia ratio (SHR) and the occurrence of neovascular glaucoma (NVG) in patients with proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR). We aimed to explore the potential role of SHR as a biomarker for NVG risk and to identify demographic and clinical modifiers of this association.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a retrospective cohort study using electronic health records from our hospital over a 10-year period from 2010 to 2020. Patients diagnosed with PDR were included, with exclusions for those without diabetes-related NVG or incomplete SHR data. The SHR was calculated using admission blood glucose and HbA1c levels. Logistic regression and Cox proportional hazards modeling were used to assess the association between SHR and NVG, adjusting for potential confounders.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 1,245 patients were identified, of which 378 (30.3%) had PDR with NVG. The mean SHR for the entire cohort was 2.9, with a higher mean SHR observed in the PDR with NVG group (3.2 vs. 2.7, p < 0.001). Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed a significant association between SHR and NVG (OR 2.5, 95% CI 1.9 to 3.3, p < 0.001). Subgroup analysis showed a stronger association between SHR and NVG risk in males (HR 1.4, 95% CI 1.1 to 1.7, p = 0.01) and patients over 65 years old (HR 1.5, 95% CI 1.2 to 1.9, p = 0.001). The association was also more pronounced in patients with a diabetes duration exceeding 15 years (HR 1.4, 95% CI 1.1 to 1.8, p = 0.01).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our study demonstrated a significant association between SHR and NVG with PDR patients, with certain subgroups showing a stronger association. These findings suggest that glycemic variability, as measured by SHR, may play a critical role in the development of NVG and could inform tailored clinical strategies for the prevention and management of NVG in high-risk patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":9058,"journal":{"name":"BMC Ophthalmology","volume":"25 1","pages":"163"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11963471/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143763019","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Epidemiological insights into complication and outcomes in corneal refractive surgery population: findings from KNHANES 2010-2012.","authors":"Joon Yul Choi, Sun Young Ryu, Tae Keun Yoo","doi":"10.1186/s12886-025-03981-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12886-025-03981-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Epidemiological studies on corneal refractive surgery remain limited, particularly regarding complications such as dry eye disease and refractive error regression, which impact long-term visual outcomes and patient satisfaction. This study aimed to evaluate the demographic and clinical characteristics of individuals with a history of corneal refractive surgery using data from the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) 2010-2012.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This cross-sectional study included 595 participants with a self-reported history of corneal refractive surgery. Data on diagnosed dry eye disease, dry eye symptoms, and previous ocular surgeries were collected through structured questionnaires, while ophthalmologic examinations provided information on refractive errors, intraocular pressure, and other ocular conditions. Logistic regression analysis identified factors associated with dry eye disease and symptoms.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Dry eye disease and refractive error regression were frequently reported among individuals with a history of corneal refractive surgery. Among participants, 24.2% reported diagnosed dry eye disease, and 33.1% reported dry eye symptoms. Significant myopia (≤ -0.75 D) and significant astigmatism (≤ -0.75 D) were present in 49.4% and 39.7%, respectively. Using the timing of the last ophthalmologic examination as a proxy for time since surgery, results showed a progressive myopic shift in spherical refractive error over time, while the prevalence of dry eye disease and symptoms gradually declined. Female sex (OR = 1.76, 95% CI = 1.05-2.96) and prolonged sun exposure (> 5 h/day, OR = 2.47, 95% CI = 0.96-6.36) were associated with a higher likelihood of diagnosed dry eye disease, while a longer time since surgery was associated with decreased dry eye symptoms. Severe diseases such as cataracts (0.3%), glaucoma (0.5%), and surgically treated retinal disorders (0.2%) were rare.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study provides epidemiological insights into associations between corneal refractive surgery and postoperative outcomes, highlighting dry eye disease and refractive error regression as prevalent findings, while observing that severe complications were rarely reported. Sex and sun exposure were identified as important risk factors for dry eye disease, warranting attention in preoperative counseling and postoperative care. These findings support the need for procedure-specific, longitudinal research to optimize patient outcomes and satisfaction.</p>","PeriodicalId":9058,"journal":{"name":"BMC Ophthalmology","volume":"25 1","pages":"154"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11951591/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143742165","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Outcome of Ahmed glaucoma valve implant in congenital fibrovascular pupillary membrane with secondary glaucoma.","authors":"Yingting Zhu, Shufen Lin, Lei Fang, Liming Chen, Pingping Liu, Yimin Zhong, Xing Liu","doi":"10.1186/s12886-025-03980-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12886-025-03980-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Congenital fibrovascular pupillary membranes in secondary glaucoma (CFPMSG) is kind of refractory childhood glaucoma. The aim of the study is to evaluate the efficacy and safety of Ahmed glaucoma valve (AGV) implants in CFPMSG.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Twelve patients with CFPMSG who underwent anterior chamber reconstruction (ASR) with a stable anterior chamber but uncontrolled intraocular pressure (IOP) underwent AGV implantation. Patients with a follow-up period of > 12 months were enrolled. Demographic data were collected. All patients underwent comprehensive ophthalmic examinations before and after surgeries, including IOP measurement, A- and B-scan ultrasonography, and ultrasound biomicroscopy (UBM), etc. Success was defined as postoperative intraocular pressure (IOP) ≤ 21 mmHg with (qualified success) or without (complete success) the use of glaucoma drugs.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The median age of enrolled patients was 15.1 ± 12.5 months old (range 4.5-46) and 58.3% of them were female. At last follow-up (32.0 ± 16.0 months), the average IOP was declined (postoperative: 18.7 ± 4.5 mmHg vs. preoperative: 29.0 ± 4.0 mmHg, p < 0.001). The number of glaucoma drugs decreased from 3 (range 2-3) to 1.5 (range 0-3) (P < 0.001), while the anterior chamber depth (ACD) remained stable (3.21 ± 0.70 mm and 3.40 ± 0.82 mm, respectively) (p = 0.57) after AGV implantation. The complete success rate was 25% (3/12) and the qualified success rate was 58.3% (7/12). The total success rate was 83.8%. No severe complications were noted.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study demonstrated that AGV implants could be safe and effective for CFPMSG with uncontrolled IOP. AGV implantation is a feasible option for the treatment of CFPMSG.</p>","PeriodicalId":9058,"journal":{"name":"BMC Ophthalmology","volume":"25 1","pages":"157"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11954234/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143742187","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Stenotrophomonas maltophilia endogenous endophthalmitis in an immunocompetent eye in Australia.","authors":"Cadric Gunaratnam, Ario A Wilson-Pogmore, Travers Weaver","doi":"10.1186/s12886-025-03990-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12886-025-03990-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Background Stenotrophomonas maltophilia has increasingly become a significant hospital-acquired pathogen due to its multi-resistance and ability to colonize surfaces. While ocular infections caused by S. maltophilia are documented, endogenous endophthalmitis (EE) is rare with only six cases reported in adults, mostly in immunocompromised individuals from developing countries. Here, we present the first documented case of S. maltophilia-associated EE in an immunocompetent adult in Australia. A 43-year-old female presented with a two-day history of painful vision loss in her left eye. There was no preceding trauma, systemic illness, or history of intravenous drug use. Notably, she worked as a marine biology researcher and had recently been visiting the hospital often to see family. Examination revealed severe anterior chamber inflammation, hypopyon, and vitritis. Initial treatment included hourly dexamethasone 0.1% eye drops while awake, atropine 1% three times daily, a single vitreous tap, and injection of intravitreal vancomycin (1 mg/0.1mL), ceftazidime (2.25 mg/0.1mL), and voriconazole (0.05 mg/0.1mL). Cultures confirmed Stenotrophomonas maltophilia, and oral trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (160 mg/800 mg) 1.5 tabs three times daily was initiated but later switched to moxifloxacin 400 mg daily due to neutropenia. One-month post-discharge, the patient developed an inferior retinal detachment requiring vitrectomy with silicone oil. At six months, her visual acuity improved to 6/18.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>S. maltophilia-associated EE is a rare clinical condition, especially in the absence of systemic symptoms. Despite the poor prognosis typically associated with endophthalmitis, this case resulted in a relatively good visual outcome (BCVA 6/18). This report highlights the necessity for further research to elucidate the epidemiology, risk factors, and optimal management strategies for this rare ocular condition.</p>","PeriodicalId":9058,"journal":{"name":"BMC Ophthalmology","volume":"25 1","pages":"158"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11954173/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143742242","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Causes and prognosis of neovascular glaucoma after pars plana vitrectomy in patients with diabetic retinopathy.","authors":"Xiaolu Cao, Peipei Jia, Xiulian Qiao, Beibei Gao, Fuyin Wang","doi":"10.1186/s12886-025-03984-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12886-025-03984-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>This study aims to investigate factors and prognosis of neovascular glaucoma (NVG) after pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) in patients with proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 200 PDR patients with 225 eyes from May 2017 to January 2023 were retrospectively analyzed, including 115 males (128 eyes) and 85 females (97 eyes) with ages ranging from 30 to 75 years. All 25G PPV surgeries were completed by the same experienced chief physician. During the surgery, the anterior retinal fibrous vascular membrane was fully removed, and laser panretinal photocoagulation (PRP) was performed, phacoemulsification was combined in 114 patients. The average postoperative follow-up time was 10.65 ± 6.84 months and occurrence of NVG was recorded. Potential risk factors of NVG included age, glycated hemoglobin (HbAlc), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), severity of preoperative fundus lesion, preoperative treatment of anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), preoperative PRP application, combination of phacoemulsification.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among the total 225 eyes, 15 (6.7%) eyes developed NVG 1-12 months after surgery, including 11 cases within 6 months. Incidence of NVG was associated with age (t=-3.974), preoperative treatment of anti-VEGF (χ² = 5.706), preoperative PRP application (χ² = 4.744), comorbid tractional retinal detachment (TRD) (χ² = 3.883), comorbid fibrovascular proliferation (FVP) (χ² = 4.093), and combination of phacoemulsification (χ² = 6.179), with all P values less than 0.05. On the other hand, no differences were found in HbAlc (t = 0.733) and BUN (t = 0.470), with both P values greater than 0.05. By the end of follow-up, all NVG cases after PPV underwent intravitreal injection of anti-VRGF drugs and supplementary retinal laser therapy, of which 8 patients had stable intraocular pressure control, 5 patients received drainage valve implantation surgery to control intraocular pressure, 1 patient abandoned surgery due to no light perception at presentation, and 1 patient underwent cyclophotocoagulation. The postoperative best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) after NVG was statistically significant compared with that before NVG (P < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Occurrence of NVG in PDR was related to preoperative PRP and anti-VEGF, and might further have impact on prognosis. In addition, comprehensive consideration of patient's age, severity of preoperative fundus lesion and appropriate surgical method (i.e., whether combined with phacoemulsification) could be protective factors of NVG.</p><p><strong>Trial registration: </strong>ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT02399887, Registered 25 March 2019.</p>","PeriodicalId":9058,"journal":{"name":"BMC Ophthalmology","volume":"25 1","pages":"159"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11954257/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143742196","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}