BMC Ophthalmology最新文献

{"title":"Retinal vasculitis as a presenting sign of Epstein-Barr virus positive diffuse large B-cell lymphoma: a case report.","authors":"Negin Yavari, MohammadBagher Rajabi, Dalia El Feky, Isabel Sendino-Tenorio, Gunay Uludag Kirimli, Jia-Horung Hung, Nathan Shows, Amir Akhavanrezayat, Osama Elaraby, Ngoc Than, Azadeh Mobasserian, Christopher Or","doi":"10.1186/s12886-026-04792-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12886-026-04792-y","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9058,"journal":{"name":"BMC Ophthalmology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147811048","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of anterior chamber air tamponade after phacoemulsification cataract surgery: a systematic review and meta-analysis.","authors":"Xiangbin Guan, Qian Luo, Furong Liao, Li Jiang, Lei Yang, Jingyi Zhu","doi":"10.1186/s12886-026-04869-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12886-026-04869-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>This study aimed to evaluate the safety of anterior chamber air tamponade post-phacoemulsification on the cornea compared to balanced salt solution or Ringer's lactate filling, and summarize its potential influence on the aspects like the risk of postoperative endophthalmitis and Descemet's membrane detachment (DMD).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This meta-analysis was conducted using Review Manager 5.4 and included studies that evaluated post-phacoemulsification air tamponade compared with no air tamponade before October 2025. Methodological quality was assessed using the Cochrane Risk of Bias tool. This review was registered in PROSPERO (CRD420251177446) and followed PRISMA guidelines.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among seven included studies (1340 eyes), there were no significant between-group differences (mean difference [95% confidence interval]) at 1 month, with or without air tamponade, in the endothelial cell density (-103.59 [-256.86 to 49.68] cells/mm²; p = 0.19), central corneal thickness (-4.86 [-19.81 to 10.08] µm; p = 0.52), or coefficient of variation of the corneal endothelial cell size (-0.01 [-0.04 to 0.01]; p = 0.22). A minimal yet significant difference in hexagonality favored the no-air-tamponade group (-0.01 [-0.03 to -0.00]; p = 0.03).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Intracameral air injection demonstrated comparable short-term corneal endothelial safety, with the potential added benefits of reduced inflammation and infection risk and of protection of the Descemet's membrane.</p><p><strong>Trial registration: </strong>PROSPERO, CRD420251177446. Registered 2025.</p><p><strong>Clinical trial number: </strong>Not applicable.</p>","PeriodicalId":9058,"journal":{"name":"BMC Ophthalmology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147811096","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Does axial length drive retinal displacement after repair of rhegmatogenous retinal detachment following phacoemulsification.","authors":"Serkan Güler, Murat Karapapak, Ece Özal, Serhat Ermiş, Sadık Altan Özal","doi":"10.1186/s12886-026-04867-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12886-026-04867-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To evaluate the incidence and direction of postoperative retinal displacement after pars plana vitrectomy(PPV) for macula-off rhegmatogenous retinal detachment(RRD) developing after phacoemulsification, and to assess associations with pre-phacoemulsification axial length(AL) and postoperative metamorphopsia.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective study included 32 eyes with post-phacoemulsification, macula-off pseudophakic RRD treated with primary 25-gauge PPV using either 14% perfluoropropane(C₃F₈) gas or 5,000-cSt silicone oil(SiO) tamponade.Tamponade was preferentially selected by break location: superior breaks received C₃F₈, whereas inferior breaks(4 to 8 o'clock) received SiO.Perfluorocarbon liquid-assisted drainage through the break was performed without retinotomy or internal limiting membrane peeling.Retinal displacement was evaluated on fundus autofluorescence obtained after tamponade clearance, specifically 1 month after SiO removal and 1 month after complete C₃F₈ gas resorption and was defined by retinal vessel printings ≥ 2 optic disc diameters.Metamorphopsia was quantified using M-CHARTS at months 1, 3, and 6.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>SiO was used in 19 eyes(59.4%) and C₃F₈ in 13(40.6%).Retinal displacement occurred in 7/19 eyes(36.8%) in the SiO group and 8/13(61.5%) in the C₃F₈ group(p = 0.169).Displacement direction differed significantly: SiO showed superior(21.1%) and inferior(15.8%) displacement, whereas C₃F₈ showed exclusively inferior displacement (61.5%)(p = 0.016).AL did not differ by displacement status within either group(SiO p = 0.922; C₃F₈ p = 0.428) and showed no correlation with M-CHARTS change scores at any interval (all p ≥ 0.283).M-CHARTS scores (vertical, horizontal, and mean) were comparable between groups at months 1, 3, and 6 (all p > 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In macula-off RRD developing after phacoemulsification, postoperative retinal displacement was common and showed tamponade-specific directionality, uniformly inferior with C₃F₈ and more heterogeneous with SiO.Within this cohort's AL range, AL was not associated with displacement or metamorphopsia.</p><p><strong>Clinical trial registration: </strong>Not applicable.</p>","PeriodicalId":9058,"journal":{"name":"BMC Ophthalmology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147811107","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Retinal microvascular changes in patients with ankylosing spondylitis receiving biologic therapy: a cross-sectional OCTA study.","authors":"Rumeysa Samanci, Bayram Meydan, Kuddusi Teberik, Sumeyye Ucar Meydan, Safinaz Ataoglu","doi":"10.1186/s12886-026-04866-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12886-026-04866-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>To evaluate retinal microcirculation in biologic-treated ankylosing spondylitis (AS) using optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) and its association with disease activity.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Fifty-seven AS patients (31 active, 26 inactive) under biologic therapy and 57 age- and sex-matched healthy controls were included. Right eyes underwent 10°×10° macular OCTA imaging (Heidelberg Spectralis). Vessel area density (VAD), foveal avascular zone (FAZ) metrics, and vessel density within a 300-µm-wide ring surrounding the FAZ (FD-300) were quantified for the superficial and deep vascular complexes (SVC and DVC). Structural OCT provided foveal and parafoveal retinal thickness, peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL), and subfoveal choroidal thickness. Biologic therapy details and disease activity indices (Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Score-C-reactive protein [ASDAS-CRP], Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Index [BASDAI], Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Functional Index [BASFI]) were obtained from records. OCTA and structural parameters were compared among active AS, inactive AS, and control groups.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Parafoveal SVC VAD was reduced only in the active AS group (p = 0.007), whereas DVC total/parafoveal VAD and FD-300 values were lower in both AS groups compared with controls (all p < 0.01). Retinal thickness, RNFL, and choroidal thickness were similar across groups (all p > 0.05). For distinguishing AS patients from controls, DVC metrics showed the highest performance (AUC ≈ 0.70-0.73; 0.63 for SVC), while the combined model including age, sex, and OCTA parameters achieved an AUC of 0.77. For differentiating disease activity, DVC-FAZ alone showed limited performance (AUC = 0.67). A parsimonious multivariable model including age, sex, BASFI, and DVC FAZ area yielded an AUC of 0.88 (95% CI: 0.80-0.97).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In AS patients receiving biologic therapy, retinal microcirculatory alterations were detected-particularly within the DVC-while retinal and choroidal structural measurements appeared to remain largely preserved. Further studies are warranted to confirm these findings.</p>","PeriodicalId":9058,"journal":{"name":"BMC Ophthalmology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147811066","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Serial aqueous VEGF analysis for predicting anti-VEGF treatment outcomes in neovascular glaucoma from diabetic retinopathy: a prospective analysis.","authors":"Taesung Joo, Jin-Ho Joo","doi":"10.1186/s12886-026-04852-3","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12886-026-04852-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study evaluated the clinical outcomes of intravitreal bevacizumab (IVB) in neovascular glaucoma (NVG) secondary to proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) and investigated the association between serial aqueous vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) levels and treatment outcomes. A prospective single-arm observational study included 17 patients with NVG due to PDR. All patients received three bi-weekly IVB injections. Aqueous VEGF levels, intraocular pressure (IOP), and best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) were measured before and after each injection. After the initial three injections, additional IVB injections were administered on a pro re nata (PRN) basis if IOP exceeded 21 mmHg or if iris or angle neovascularization persisted or recurred. Patients were followed for up to 3 years. After three injections, mean VEGF levels significantly decreased from 4681.46 pg/mL to 104.55 pg/mL (P < 0.001). BCVA improved (1.27 to 0.91 LogMAR, P < 0.001), and IOP decreased from (32.71 to 25.29 mmHg, p = 0.031). Higher baseline VEGF levels were significantly associated with worse BCVA and elevated IOP after treatment, as well as more frequent injections. Patients requiring six or more injections showed significantly higher baseline VEGF levels and poorer clinical outcomes compared to those requiring five or fewer injections. Serial aqueous VEGF levels were significantly associated with clinical outcomes and treatment burden in NVG secondary to PDR. Aqueous VEGF may serve as a potential surrogate marker reflecting disease severity and therapeutic response.</p>","PeriodicalId":9058,"journal":{"name":"BMC Ophthalmology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13134071/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147761936","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Central retinal artery occlusion following transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) for aortic stenosis: a case report.","authors":"Pablo Ballester Dolz, Kemal Mutibayraktaroglu, Yuri Belitsky, Philipp Schwember, Madeleine Zetterberg","doi":"10.1186/s12886-026-04805-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12886-026-04805-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Transcatheter aortic valve implantation is the standard treatment for high-risk elderly patients suffering from symptomatic severe aortic stenosis. While this procedure is significantly less invasive compared to traditional methods, there are concerns regarding the potential risk of cerebrovascular accidents and ocular complications. We report a case of monocular central retinal artery occlusion that occurred following transcatheter aortic valve implantation due to aortic stenosis. The occurrence of central retinal artery occlusion post-transcatheter aortic valve implantation has not previously been reported.</p><p><strong>Case presentation: </strong>A 78-year-old male presented with a sudden, painless loss of vision in the left eye immediately after undergoing transcatheter aortic valve implantation. Fundus examination revealed moderate optic disc edema, mild venous tortuosity and diffuse retinal pallor at the posterior pole, most marked in the perimacular region and extending along the major vascular arcades into the mid-peripheral retina, with a cherry-red spot at the fovea. Optical coherence tomography indicated signs of retinal ischemia. The patient was referred to the emergency department for further assessment.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Although there is evidence of embolization occurring after TAVI, this is the first case of central retinal artery occlusion that has been reported. Our findings underscore the need for thorough pre-TAVI counseling, increased neurologist awareness of this complication, and prompt ophthalmologic evaluation in cases of sudden monocular visual loss.</p>","PeriodicalId":9058,"journal":{"name":"BMC Ophthalmology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147761892","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical outcomes of the eight-chop technique in white cataract: a retrospective case series.","authors":"Tsuyoshi Sato","doi":"10.1186/s12886-026-04859-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12886-026-04859-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>White cataracts pose substantial technical challenges during phacoemulsification because preoperative assessment of nuclear hardness is impossible and the risk of intraoperative complications is increased. The Eight-chop technique was developed to mechanically fragment the lens nucleus into eight pieces prior to ultrasound emulsification, potentially reducing intraocular stress. This study aimed to evaluate the safety and efficacy of the Eight-chop technique in eyes with white cataract and to compare surgical outcomes according to intraoperatively assessed nuclear hardness.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective, single-center, single-surgeon observational study included eyes with white cataract that underwent phacoemulsification using the Eight-chop technique between January 2010 and March 2025. White cataract was defined as complete lens opacification with an absent red reflex. Nuclear hardness was classified intraoperatively using the Emery classification. Intraoperative parameters included operative time, phacoemulsification time, cumulative dissipated energy (CDE), aspiration time, and irrigation fluid volume. Postoperative outcomes included corneal endothelial cell density (CECD), endothelial morphology, intraocular pressure (IOP), and best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), evaluated preoperatively and at 7 and 19 weeks postoperatively. Outcomes were compared among nuclear hardness groups.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of 12,642 cataract surgeries performed during the study period, 105 eyes with white cataract were included in the final analysis. Operative time, phacoemulsification time, and CDE increased significantly with increasing nuclear hardness (all p < 0.01), whereas aspiration time and irrigation fluid volume did not differ significantly among groups. Mean CECD loss at 7 and 19 weeks postoperatively was minimal, with no significant differences among nuclear hardness groups. Transient postoperative changes in corneal endothelial morphology were observed but resolved by 19 weeks. Postoperative IOP tended to decrease significantly in eyes with higher nuclear hardness. BCVA improved markedly in all groups, and early postoperative differences according to nuclear hardness disappeared over time. Posterior capsule rupture occurred in 2 of 105 eyes, and no cases of dropped nucleus were observed.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The Eight-chop technique was associated with safe and efficient phacoemulsification in eyes with white cataract. By mechanically prefragmenting the lens nucleus into eight segments prior to ultrasound application, the technique may reduce intraocular stress and facilitate stable nuclear management even in eyes with advanced nuclear hardness. This approach was associated with favorable endothelial and visual outcomes with an acceptable complication rate in this retrospective series.</p>","PeriodicalId":9058,"journal":{"name":"BMC Ophthalmology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147761858","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analysis of clinical factors affecting retinal ganglion cell complex thickness reduction in patients with childhood‑onset craniopharyngioma.","authors":"Klaudia Rakusiewicz-Krasnodębska, Agnieszka Bogusz-Wójcik, Elżbieta Moszczyńska, Maciej Jaworski, Paweł Kowalczyk, Wojciech Hautz","doi":"10.1186/s12886-026-04854-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12886-026-04854-1","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9058,"journal":{"name":"BMC Ophthalmology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147761933","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correlation between the expression levels of miR-199a-3p and FN1 in serum and aqueous humor and the severity of type 2 diabetic retinopathy in a Chinese population.","authors":"Yang Chen, Nianlin Chen, Xiangrui Meng, Minli Linghu, Yikeng Huang, Xionggao Huang","doi":"10.1186/s12886-026-04838-1","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12886-026-04838-1","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9058,"journal":{"name":"BMC Ophthalmology","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13126745/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147761859","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of refractive outcomes and visual quality between femtosecond laser-assisted arcuate keratotomy and steep-axis meridian clear corneal incision combined with Implantable Collamer Lens (ICL) implantation for the correction of moderate-to-high myopia and low astigmatism.","authors":"Zhiwei Mao, Xun Chen, Mingrui Cheng, I-Chun Lin, Rui Ning, Mingwei Li, Guanghan Xu, LingLing Niu, Xiaoying Wang","doi":"10.1186/s12886-026-04748-2","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12886-026-04748-2","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9058,"journal":{"name":"BMC Ophthalmology","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13130763/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147761884","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}