BMC Veterinary Research最新文献

{"title":"Genetic diversity of Streptococcus agalactiae from dairy cattle with mastitis in Argentina.","authors":"Gabriela Gerez, Luciana Belén Hernandez, Jimena Cadona, Andrea Mariel Sanso, Ana Victoria Bustamante","doi":"10.1186/s12917-025-04584-4","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12917-025-04584-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Bovine mastitis is an important health problem in dairy cattle which affects the quality and yield of milk and causes significant economic losses in the dairy industry. Streptococcus agalactiae is a Gram-positive and zoonotic bacterium that causes clinical and subclinical contagious bovine mastitis. The main strategy for the control of this pathogen in dairy herds is the antimicrobial therapy. The aim of this study was to determine the genetic diversity of S. agalactiae using Multiple Locus Variable number tandem repeat -VNTR- Analysis (MLVA), serotypes, virulence factors (VF) and antimicrobial resistance (AMR) profiles and to compare the discrimination power of these different methods in strains isolated from cattle with mastitis in Argentinian dairy farms.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Eighty-seven S. agalactiae isolates obtained from dairy cattle with mastitis in Argentina were analyzed. The detected serotypes were III, II and Ia. The most frequent virulence and AMR detected genes were cpsA, hylB, PI-2b, cylE, rib, spb1, and tetO and ermB respectively. A total of 36 VF + AMR profiles were detected with a discriminatory power of the method of Ds = 0.96. The MLVA based on six VNTRs showed 29 profiles with a Ds = 0.90. The analysis of VF + AMR + MLVA data together showed 59 profiles with an increased discriminatory power (Ds = 0.98).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study highlights that the MLVA is recommended to add to other methodologies in order to study epidemiological relationships in this species Although within each dairy farm there was a predominance of certain serotypes/virulence profiles, the characteristics did not show total homogeneity, as expected due to the contagious nature of the pathogen. This suggests the incorporation of animals from other herds at some point, a practice not uncommon among dairy farms in Argentina. By other hand, the detection of a same clone in the same farm in different periods confirms that S. agalactiae strains can persist on dairy farms for a long time.</p>","PeriodicalId":9041,"journal":{"name":"BMC Veterinary Research","volume":"21 1","pages":"338"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12070692/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143959244","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The status of pro-inflammatory cytokines TNF-α and IL-6 in the cerebrospinal fluid of dogs with nervous distemper.","authors":"Marjan Mahmoodabadi, Hadi Mohebalian, Ali Asghar Sarchahi","doi":"10.1186/s12917-025-04793-x","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12917-025-04793-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Canine distemper virus (CDV) is a multisystemic disease in dogs that causes severe neurological signs due to viral replication in neurons and glial cells; this leads to gray matter lesions and demyelination. The resulting inflammation causes additional harm to the affected tissues. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between pro-inflammatory cytokines Tumor Necrosis Factor (TNF-α) and interleukin (IL-6) levels in Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and the neurological form of distemper disease in dogs.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The study included 23 CDV-infected dogs with neurological signs, 10 diseased but CDV-negative (non-infected) dogs, and 12 healthy controls. CSF samples were analyzed using Reverse Transcription Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR) for CDV sequences and the sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method for quantifying IL-6 and TNF-α levels. While a significant increase in CSF cytokine levels was observed between the CDV-infected and healthy controls, no significant differences were detected between the CDV-infected and non-infected diseased groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The elevated levels of IL-6 and TNF-α in the CSF of dogs with nervous distemper suggest their involvement in disease pathogenesis. However, their lack of specificity limits their use as reliable diagnostic biomarkers for distinguishing nervous distemper from other neurological conditions in dogs. Further research is needed to identify more accurate and specific biomarkers for the precise diagnosis and effective management of CDV infection.</p>","PeriodicalId":9041,"journal":{"name":"BMC Veterinary Research","volume":"21 1","pages":"340"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12070500/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143965451","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"First report on the occurrence of anticoagulant rodenticides toxicosis in nontarget animals in Thailand.","authors":"Piyarat Chansiripornchai, Vachira Hunprasit, Somporn Techangamsuwan","doi":"10.1186/s12917-025-04789-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12917-025-04789-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Anticoagulant rodenticides (ARs) are widely used worldwide to control rodent populations, yet their toxicity to nontarget animal species, such as dogs and cats, raises significant concerns. Until now, there has been no information about the occurrence status of ARs toxicosis in Thailand. This study presents occurrence data on ARs poisoning in animal specimens analysed at the Department of Veterinary Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, Thailand. Data from January 1, 2018, to December 31, 2023, was collected retrospectively, focusing on confirmed ARs intoxication cases identified through chemical analysis using thin-layer chromatography (TLC) and spectrophotometry methods. Detailed information on animal species, ages, sex, and types of animal specimens analysed was included.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>During the study period, 35 cases (63.6%) out of 55 tested positive for ARs. Dogs accounted for 77.1% of the ARs-positive cases. Notably, specimens from wild animals and exotic pets, including a turkey, a wild boar, a goose, and three Patagonian mara, were also tested positive for ARs poisoning. Both liver and stomach content specimens showed high agreement in ARs detection, suggesting the potential utility of stomach content analysis alongside liver specimens, which has not been previously reported.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This retrospective study underscores the risk of ARs toxicosis in nontarget species. TLC and spectrophotometry methods serve as reliable screening tools for confirming ARs intoxication diagnosis. This study provided a reference for future research on the epidemiology on ARs toxicosis among nontarget species.</p>","PeriodicalId":9041,"journal":{"name":"BMC Veterinary Research","volume":"21 1","pages":"337"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12066049/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143959309","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ultrasound assessment of botulinum toxin-A (BOTOX) injection into adult Arabian dromedary camels' lips: efficacy in detection and localization.","authors":"Mohamed Marzok, Jamal Hussen, Mahdi Al Dhafiri, Sherif Saleh, Hussein M El-Husseiny, Mohamed W El-Sherif, Abdullah Ayman Al Wail, Adel I Almubarak, Mohamed Salem","doi":"10.1186/s12917-025-04757-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12917-025-04757-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Ultrasound imaging has become an invaluable tool in veterinary medicine, particularly in guiding injections and visualizing soft tissue structures. Recently, ultrasonography has been used in camel practice to detect cosmetic fillers, particularly in aesthetic evaluations. However, previous applications lacked a controlled experimental background. This study is the first to experimentally assess the effectiveness of ultrasound in detecting and localizing botulinum toxin (BOTOX) injections in camels, using two different doses, from the time of injection until the toxin's effect becomes undetectable.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>The objective of this study was to assess the efficacy of ultrasound in detecting and localizing botulinum toxin injection sites in camels' lips.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study involved 18 adult Arabian dromedary camels (9 Magateer and 9 Majaheem breeds) from the Camel Research Center, King Faisal University. The camels, aged 4.3 ± 1.3 years and weighing 405.5 ± 20.6 kg, were randomly assigned to three treatment groups (6 camels each). Treatments included 100 IU and 200 IU of botulinum toxin type A, and a control of 5 ml sterile saline, administered to the upper and lower lips. Morphological changes, inflammation, and lip thickness were assessed weekly for two months. Ultrasound examinations and hematological and biochemical analyses were conducted at specified intervals. Data were analyzed using two-way repeated-measures ANOVA and Tukey's test, with significance set at p < 0.05.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Morphological assessments revealed significant changes in the lips of camels treated with 200 IU BOTOX, showing the highest shape change scores (3 ± 0) compared to 100 IU BOTOX (1.75 ± 0.87) and control (0.4 ± 0). Inflammation and tissue reactions were more pronounced in the BOTOX-treated groups, with higher scores in the 200 IU group. Lip thickness increased significantly in the BOTOX groups, with the greatest thickening in the 200 IU group (2.4 ± 0.54 mm). Ultrasonographic findings showed structural changes and increased tissue thickness, peaking on Day 7 and gradually normalizing by Day 54. Hematological and biochemical profiles showed no significant differences between the treated and control groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The study demonstrates the effect of BOTOX on camel lip morphology and tissue characteristics, with higher doses (200 IU) causing more significant and prolonged changes. Both morphological scoring and ultrasonographic evaluation effectively monitored these effects, including the timeframe of BOTOX detection and when it became undetectable.</p>","PeriodicalId":9041,"journal":{"name":"BMC Veterinary Research","volume":"21 1","pages":"336"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12066034/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143965511","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence and antimicrobial resistance profile of Listeria spp. isolated from raw fish.","authors":"Marta Sołtysiuk, Paulina Przyborowska, Agnieszka Wiszniewska-Łaszczych, Dawid Tobolski","doi":"10.1186/s12917-025-04792-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12917-025-04792-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Listeria spp. contamination in food, particularly antimicrobial-resistant strains, poses an escalating concern for public health. This study investigated the prevalence and antimicrobial resistance profiles of Listeria spp. isolated from raw fish collected from diverse sources in Northern Poland.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 750 raw fish samples were collected from standing freshwater tanks, flowing freshwater reservoirs, and a saltwater reservoir. Isolation was performed following the standard protocol, which describes the horizontal method for detecting Listeria spp., including Listeria monocytogenes. The antimicrobial resistance profiles of isolated strains were performed using the disk diffusion method. Antimicrobial resistance genes were identified using PCR, targeting 11 genes associated with resistance to β-lactams, macrolides, glycopeptides, and sulfonamides. Statistical analyses included Phi correlation coefficients, hierarchical clustering, and logistic regression to examine associations between phenotypic resistance patterns and antimicrobial resistance genes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Listeria spp. was isolated from 13.9% of samples (104 positive samples), comprising L. seeligeri (34.6%), L. welshimeri (28.8%), L. monocytogenes (23.1%), and L. innocua (13.5%). Phenotypic antimicrobial susceptibility testing revealed universal resistance to oxacillin (100%) across all Listeria spp. isolates. High resistance levels were also observed for cefotaxime (97.1%), cefoxitin (92.3%), rifampicin (92.3%), clindamycin (96.2%), and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (91.3%). Alarmingly, 98.1% of all Listeria spp. isolates exhibited multidrug resistance (MDR), reaching 100% MDR among L. monocytogenes isolates. Specifically, L. monocytogenes isolates exhibited complete resistance to meropenem, cefoxitin, cefotaxime, rifampicin, and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, and significant resistance to ciprofloxacin (91.7%), clindamycin (83.3%), tetracycline (75.0%), erythromycin (75.0%), benzylpenicillin (70.8%), and nitrofurantoin (70.8%). Molecular analysis identified blaTEM (100%), ampC (37.5%), and ereB (37.5%) as the most prevalent antimicrobial resistance genes in L. monocytogenes.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The exceptionally high prevalence of multidrug-resistant Listeria spp., particularly L. monocytogenes, in raw fish underscores a critical public health risk, suggesting the urgent need for ongoing surveillance and robust risk mitigation strategies in aquaculture and seafood processing. The elevated antimicrobial resistance levels may also indicate aquatic environmental contamination, warranting further investigation into the sources and broader ecological implications of antimicrobial resistance in these ecosystems.</p>","PeriodicalId":9041,"journal":{"name":"BMC Veterinary Research","volume":"21 1","pages":"333"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12065245/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143967780","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Successful rehabilitation and release of two severely injured Formosan black bears (Ursus thibetanus formosanus) with desensitization to routine treatment procedures.","authors":"Ai-Mei Chang, Chen-Chih Chen, Yun-Chieh Tuan, Lee-Shuan Lin","doi":"10.1186/s12917-025-04780-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12917-025-04780-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Wildlife rehabilitation is crucial for the recovery of injured endangered species; however, this process can induce significant stress, potentially leading to secondary injuries and complications. This case report details the rehabilitation of two severely injured Formosan black bears (Ursus thibetanus formosanus) with desensitization techniques as an alternative approach to reducing stress while promoting voluntary cooperation during treatment.</p><p><strong>Case presentation: </strong>Patient 1 was an adult female bear with injuries, including the loss of the second, third and fourth phalanges of the left forelimb and extensive necrosis of the right palm. Patient 2 was a subadult male suffering from multiple gunshot wounds, severe necrosis of the distal part of the right wrist, and a fracture of the right mandibular ramus and left humerus. Both bears underwent desensitization training, which fostered calmness during routine procedures and facilitated smooth recovery throughout rehabilitation. Pre-release training focused on rebuilding physical capacity and developing natural behaviors, as well as human avoidance, to increase survival and reduce human-bear conflicts.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The successful outcomes, characterized by complete recovery and avoidance of human interactions, underscore the effectiveness of desensitization strategies in wildlife rehabilitation. This approach not only enhances the quality of medical care but also mitigates the risks of post-release conflicts, contributing to the conservation of endangered species.</p>","PeriodicalId":9041,"journal":{"name":"BMC Veterinary Research","volume":"21 1","pages":"335"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12065230/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143975515","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of PUFAs-ω3 and ω6 on oxidative stress of sheep erythrocytes.","authors":"Valeria Pasciu, Maria Nieddu, Elena Baralla, Ignacio Contreras-Solís, Francesca Daniela Sotgiu, Fiammetta Berlinguer","doi":"10.1186/s12917-025-04762-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12917-025-04762-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>In recent years, the use of long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) ω3 and ω6, as food supplements in livestock has increased due to their beneficial properties related to their antioxidant activity. It has been demonstrated however that a high intake of these substances has prooxidant and cell-damaging effects, especially if their circulating concentrations are unbalanced. Starting from these premises, and taking advantage of previous findings, the present study aimed at defining the optimal circulating concentrations and PUFAs ω3/ω6 ratio, to ensure the antioxidant/oxidant balance in sheep RBCs.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>All tested concentrations (25-300 µg/mL in PBS) of PUFAs-ω3 after 4 h of treatment on sheep RBCs, showed antioxidant properties with a significant decrease in reactive oxygen species (ROS) versus the control group (CTRL) (p < 0.05). Furthermore, ω6 showed an antioxidant effect at low concentrations (25-200 g/mL) but a pro-oxidant effect at the highest concentrations (250 and 300 µg/mL) with a significant increase in ROS production (123.6 ± 2.1 and 131.4 ± 6.5% sloope RFU of CTRL respectively p < 0,001), malondialdehyde (MDA) (p < 0.01), and haemolysis (p < 0.01) versus CTRL group (1.1 ± 0.1%), and, also with a decrease of Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity (TEAC) (p < 0,05). The ratio ω3/ω6 of 1:10 (25/250 µg/mL) and 1:4 (25/100 µg/mL) showed an intracellular ROS level like the CTRL group whereas, the ratio 1:2 (100/200 µg/mL) resulted in a significant decrease in ROS production (62.71 ± 2.31% slope RFU of CTRL, p < 0.001) and MDA (p < 0.001), with an increase in TEAC (p < 0.05), and a decrease haemolysis versus the control group (p < 0,01).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our results showed that a beneficial effect on the oxidative state of sheep RBCs was obtained with in vitro administration of low concentrations of ω6 and with all tested concentrations of ω3. The addition of ω6 at high concentrations leads to an imbalance in the PUFA ω3/ω6 ratio, compromising the oxidative state and viability of the RBCs. The maximum antioxidative effect was found at ω3/ω6 ratio 1:2).</p>","PeriodicalId":9041,"journal":{"name":"BMC Veterinary Research","volume":"21 1","pages":"334"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12065388/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143973909","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of selected inflammatory markers in cats with feline infectious peritonitis before and after therapy.","authors":"Lina Tršar, Marjeta Štrljič, Alenka Nemec Svete, Saša Koprivec, Nataša Tozon, Martina Krofič Žel, Darja Pavlin","doi":"10.1186/s12917-025-04731-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12917-025-04731-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Feline infectious peritonitis (FIP), once considered fatal disease with a mortality rate approaching 100%, has experienced a new therapeutic breakthrough in recent years. The aim of our study was to evaluate selected clinicopathological parameters before and after GS- 445124-based treatment of FIP in cats, which could serve as potential candidates for predicting treatment success and monitoring treatment progress.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Pre-treatment haematological parameters in 32 treated cats showed moderate leukocytosis, neutrophilia, lymphopenia and anaemia, which normalised post-treatment. Pre-treatment values of haemogram-derived inflammatory markers (ratio of neutrophils to lymphocytes, platelets to lymphocytes, lymphocytes to monocytes and the systemic immune-inflammatory index) differed significantly from those in the healthy cats and between patients with effusive and non-effusive disease (p < 0.05). Post-treatment, only the ratio of lymphocytes to monocytes remained higher; the other three markers were comparable to the control group. The biochemical results showed characteristic abnormalities (e.g. hyperproteinaemia, hypoalbuminemia, hypergammaglobulinemia, hyperbilirubinemia), which normalised with treatment. Lactate dehydrogenase activities did not differ significantly before and after treatment, except in cats with a relapse and one non-responder, which had markedly elevated values at the time of diagnosis. Analysis of archived blood samples using ELISA revealed significant differences in concentration of acute-phase protein haptoglobin (p = 0.004) and pro-inflammatory cytokine tumour necrosis factor-α (p = 0.028) before and after therapy. Therapy didn't elicit any statistically significant changes in concentrations of ferritin, interleukin- 1β and interleukin- 6.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our findings demonstrate that successful treatment of FIP leads to highly significant changes in most clinicopathological parameters, including haemogram-derived inflammatory markers. The latter could offer a simple, inexpensive and readily available alternative to the more commonly used acute phase proteins for monitoring FIP treatment. Successful therapy leads to a significant decrease in haptoglobin and an increase in tumour necrosis factor-α. In our study, cats with an unfavourable outcome showed a marked increase in lactate dehydrogenase activity before therapy, suggesting that this parameter could be a promising prognostic factor in larger studies.</p>","PeriodicalId":9041,"journal":{"name":"BMC Veterinary Research","volume":"21 1","pages":"330"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12063290/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143976136","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Incidence, complications and therapeutic evaluation of clinical hypothyroidism in different breeds of dogs.","authors":"Gehad E Elgalfy, Mohamed M Ghanem, Mahmoud A Y Helal, Heba M El-Khaiat","doi":"10.1186/s12917-025-04746-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12917-025-04746-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Hypothyroidism is one of the most common endocrine disorders in dogs, that is caused by reduction in thyroxine hormone production.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study aimed to detect the incidence of clinical hypothyroidism among cases suffering from dermatological changes or obesity, investigate the complications in severely affected hypothyroid dogs and evaluate the response to levothyroxine treatment.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Total number of 212 dogs of different ages, breeds and of both sexes were included in this study, where 200 dogs were suffering from alopecia or obesity, the other 12 healthy dogs were used as control group.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>After ruling out other causes of alopecia and obesity, hypothyroidism was diagnosed in 28 dogs (14%) depending on the result of thyroid function test. Results of this study showed that the highest incidence of hypothyroidism was reported in Golden retriever (21.42%) followed by Griffon dogs (17.85%). Additionally, hypothyroidism was mostly reported in middle-aged dogs (60.71%) of different breeds. Males (57.14%) revealed higher incidence than females. The hypothyroid dogs showed a wide range of clinical signs including dermatological, metabolic, psychological alterations in addition to cardiovascular, respiratory, neuromuscular, gastrointestinal and gynecological abnormalities. Radiography revealed pulmonary edema in dogs affected with heart problems (N = 2), dilated esophagus in hypothyroid dogs showing vomiting (N = 2). Echocardiographic examination of hypothyroid dogs with heart problems revealed first grade diastolic dysfunction. Treatment with levothyroxine induced clinical improvement within one month of administration.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Hypothyroidism is a relatively common condition in dogs compared to other diseases causing dermatological changes or obesity in dogs. Therefore, it must be considered for early diagnosis and treatment before encountering complications that could be life threatening for dogs.</p>","PeriodicalId":9041,"journal":{"name":"BMC Veterinary Research","volume":"21 1","pages":"332"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12063298/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143972568","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Adaptability of Polish Red cows to extensive conditions.","authors":"Witold Chabuz, Paweł Żółkiewski, Wioletta Sawicka-Zugaj, Krzysztof Buczek, Marta Staniec, Sylwester Kowalik, Piotr Rydel, Andrzej Lisowski, Karolina Kasprzak-Filipek","doi":"10.1186/s12917-025-04796-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12917-025-04796-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study assessed the adaptive capacity of Polish Red cattle, one of the oldest indigenous dual-purpose breeds in Europe, to extensive environmental conditions in north-eastern Poland. Twenty-two pregnant cows (average lactation number: 4.6) were divided into two groups: one maintained in a highly extensive 'bale grazing' system (EXT), and the other under traditional housing for suckler cows (TRAD). The experiment was conducted from the onset of winter through to the end of the subsequent pasture season. Parameters assessed included changes in body weight and body condition score (BCS), calf growth performance, milk yield, and haematological and biochemical blood indices. Statistical analysis was performed using independent-samples t-tests and the Mann-Whitney U test (p ≤ 0.05, p ≤ 0.01). Despite challenging environmental conditions in the EXT group, including no shelter and exposure to variable climatic factors, cows maintained body condition and health comparable to the TRAD group. While TRAD group calves showed superior growth (29 kg higher body weight, p ≤ 0.01), EXT group cows exhibited remarkable resilience by supporting calf survival with minimal weight loss (average 4.4 kg loss, less than 1% of initial body weight). Blood parameters remained within physiological ranges for both groups, confirming the breed's adaptability. These findings provide the first experimental evidence of the adaptability of Polish Red cattle to extensive farming systems, highlighting their potential as a valuable genetic resource for sustainable livestock production under increasing environmental variability. This conclusion has significant implications for the conservation of biodiversity and the development of climate-resilient cattle breeding in Europe.</p>","PeriodicalId":9041,"journal":{"name":"BMC Veterinary Research","volume":"21 1","pages":"329"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12063450/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143966774","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}