BMC Veterinary Research最新文献

{"title":"Molecular profile PCR array of regenerative therapy (PRP, PRF& CpG-ODN) in wound healing of diabetic dogs.","authors":"Olla A Khalifa, A M Alakraa, A H Elkasapy","doi":"10.1186/s12917-025-04892-9","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12917-025-04892-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study's aim is to validate differential wound healing genes expression in canine with diabetes using regenerative medicine such as PRP, PRF, and CpG oligodeoxynucleotides (ODN), for these purpose thirty six diabetic dogs were used and subdivided into 6 groups (6 dogs each) with full-thickness incisional wounds, wound healing was evaluated with a focus on histological changes in wound tissue and gene expression after 3 weeks. The molecular mechanism of wound healing responding to different treatments in dogs were done using the new molecular technique RT2 Profiler PCR array (Qiagen), which enables us to view a focused panel of genes (84 genes) responsible for wound healing. CpG-ODN contributes to low cellular infiltration; PRP improves diabetic wound closure rapidly. The study illustrated that the healing rate was higher in the PRP & CpG-ODN. The animal in this group showed a clinically higher contraction rate of the wound area, upregulates 37 genes responsible for wound healing and downregulates ten genes for the same purpose, also marked collagen production were observed with complete epithelialization. Our study concluded that PRP & CpG-ODN was superior to PRF & CpG-ODN, PRP, PRF, CpG-ODN, and the control group, respectively, for enhancing wound healing in diabetic dogs.</p>","PeriodicalId":9041,"journal":{"name":"BMC Veterinary Research","volume":"21 1","pages":"444"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12232839/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144574802","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Physiological stage dependent hematobiochemical and echocardiographic changes in dromedary camels.","authors":"Sabry Mousa, Mohamed E Ali, Amin Tahoun, Ahmed Adel El-Sayed, Mohamed Marzok, Adel I Almubarak, Rasha Y Fadl Elmola, Zakriya Al Mohamad, Wael M El-Deeb, Elshymaa A Abdelnaby, Mahmoud Kandeel, Doaa Ebrahim, Samah A Radwan, Attia Eissa","doi":"10.1186/s12917-025-04897-4","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12917-025-04897-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>In livestock, identifying physiological and reproductive stages is crucial for informed decisions in nutrition, healthcare, and breeding management.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to evaluate hematobiochemical and Doppler echocardiographic changes in dromedary camels during three key stages: non pregnant, late pregnancy, and early lactation.</p><p><strong>Methodology: </strong>Thirty healthy camels were monitored across three physiological stages. Blood samples were analyzed for complete blood count (CBC) and serum metabolic parameters, including Beta-hydroxy-butyric acid (BHBA) and non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA). Doppler echocardiography assessed cardiac morphology and function.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Late pregnancy was associated with a significant (P < 0.05) increase in red blood cell (RBC) count, hemoglobin (Hb), and neutrophils, while packed cell volume (PCV), total white blood cell (WBC) count, and monocytes decreased. Serum glucose and cholesterol declined significantly (P < 0.05) in late pregnancy and early lactation, while Beta-hydroxy-butyric acid (BHBA) increased. Late-pregnant camels showed elevated levels of albumin, globulin, potassium (K), and cardiac troponin, but lower total protein (TP). Alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) were highest in non-pregnant camels. NEFA levels rose significantly in early lactation. Echocardiographic findings revealed increased left ventricular wall thickness and decreased systolic diameter (LVIDs) in early lactation. Heart rate (HR) increased in late pregnancy. No significant changes were observed in pulsed-wave Doppler indices.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Distinct physiological stages in dromedary camels are associated with significant hematobiochemical alterations and minor echocardiographic changes, offering valuable insights for clinical and reproductive management.</p>","PeriodicalId":9041,"journal":{"name":"BMC Veterinary Research","volume":"21 1","pages":"445"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12232854/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144574803","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Conducting successful mini-invasive laparotomy assisted artificial insemination in African Lion(Panthera leo).","authors":"Behrang Ekrami, Hamid Ghasemzedeh Nava, Maziar Kaveh Baghbadorani, Fereshteh Nosrati","doi":"10.1186/s12917-025-04910-w","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12917-025-04910-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Assisted reproductive technologies (ART), including artificial insemination (AI), represent promising tools for the conservation of genetic resources of vulnerable wild felid species. This study reports the application of AI in African lions ( Panthera leo), using fresh semen collected via urethral catheterization under general anesthesia. Semen samples were obtained from two adult male lions and subsequently analyzed for volume, motility, concentration, and morphology. A qualified sample, measuring 0.4 mL in volume, was extended at a 1:4 ratio, using 1.6 mL of a Tris-egg yolk-based extender. Ovarian stimulation in three adult lionesses was achieved through the intramuscular administration of 1000 IU of equine chorionic gonadotropin. At 100 hours' post-administration, behavioral and physiological indicators of estrus were observed. Subsequently, 750 IU of human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) was administered to induce ovulation. AI was performed 36 h following hCG injection via minimal invasive midline laparotomy. A total of 0.25 mL of the extended semen, containing approximately 1 × 10⁶ spermatozoa, was deposited into each uterine horn using a 24-gauge intravenous catheter. Pregnancy diagnosis was conducted 60 days' post-insemination using transabdominal ultrasonography. One of the three lionesses (33.3%) was confirmed pregnant, with two viable fetuses detected within the uterine horns. The pregnancy proceeded to term, lasting 115 days, and resulted in the live birth of two cubs. These findings demonstrate the feasibility and potential of minimally invasive laparotomic AI using fresh-extended semen in Panthera leo, and facilitate the utility of ART in ex situ conservation efforts for endangered felid species.</p>","PeriodicalId":9041,"journal":{"name":"BMC Veterinary Research","volume":"21 1","pages":"446"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12232750/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144583030","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Occurrence and vertical transmission of avian polyomavirus and circovirus in captive and wild Passeriformes in Poland.","authors":"Aleksandra Ledwoń, Ines Szotowska, Izabella Dolka, Joanna Turniak","doi":"10.1186/s12917-025-04899-2","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12917-025-04899-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Diseases caused by polyomaviruses and circoviruses in parrots were first described in the 1980s. Then they began to be diagnosed in other orders of birds, including Passeriformes, such as Atlantic canaries (Serinus canaria) and estrildid and fringillid finches. Over time, these viruses have also been found in an increasing number of captive and wild passerine species. The aim of the study was to assess the occurrence of these viruses in captive and wild Passeriformes in Poland, and the transmission of polyomaviruses and circoviruses through eggs in Atlantic canaries and Bengalese munias (Lonchura striata domestica).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Nested PCR tests for avian polyomavirus (APyV) and circovirus (CV) were carried out on organ samples from 331 captive and wild birds belonging to 45 species, necropsied between 2006 and 2024. Additionally, 112 samples of eggs and dead chicks of Atlantic canaries and Bengalese munias from two aviaries with breeding problems were examined. Positive PCR results for APyV were found in 98 birds (29.6%), while CV DNA was detected in 152 birds (45.9%). In 104 wild birds examined, APyV was found in 13 (12.5%) and CV in 35 (33.7%) individuals. In 227 captive birds, APyV was found in 85 (37.4%) and CV in 117 (51.5%) individuals. Co-infections with both viruses were found in 25.1% of captive birds and 7.7% of wild birds. Negative results for both APyV and CV were found in 145 (43.8%) birds tested. In Atlantic canaries, CV DNA was identified in 79% of unfertilized eggs and 59% of embryos examined. In Bengalese munias, CV DNA was identified in 62.5% of unfertilized eggs and in all chicks examined. APyV DNA was not detected in eggs or embryos of canaries and Bengalese munias, nor in any Bengalese munia chicks or canary chicks younger than 7 days.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Avian polyomaviruses and circoviruses are widespread in the population of captive and wild passerines in Poland, and a higher percentage of birds are infected with circovirus than with polyomavirus. Co-infections are more commonly observed in captive passerine birds than in wild passerine birds. Vertical transmission occurs for circoviruses, but not for polyomaviruses, in Atlantic canaries and Bengalese munias.</p>","PeriodicalId":9041,"journal":{"name":"BMC Veterinary Research","volume":"21 1","pages":"447"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12232562/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144583031","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Time to revise: impact of methodology on boar sperm capacitation in vitro via phosphotyrosine patterns.","authors":"Barbora Klusackova, Aneta Pilsova, Natalie Zelenkova, Zuzana Pilsova, Romana Krejcirova, Eva Chmelikova, Katerina Komrskova, Ondrej Simonik, Pavla Postlerova","doi":"10.1186/s12917-025-04900-y","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12917-025-04900-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Capacitation is a crucial sperm maturation process occurring in vivo in the female reproductive tract, enabling spermatozoa to fertilize the oocyte. In vitro, capacitation can be induced using defined capacitation media (CM), with further assessment of protein tyrosine phosphorylation (PTyr) patterns widely used as a marker to evaluate sperm capacitation. This review critically examines the factors influencing PTyr detection in boar spermatozoa variability introduced by different methodological approaches. Discrepancies in PTyr patterns may be a result of different sperm handling, including preservation methods, selection techniques, and capacitation protocols. Semen extenders, which may contain unknown components, can affect the variability in capacitation status. Selection techniques commonly employed to isolate viable spermatozoa may initiate different capacitation regulatory pathways, resulting in variability in analyzed sperm subpopulations and inconsistencies in PTyr detection. Similarly, the lack of standardization in CM composition significantly impacts capacitation outcomes. Fixation protocols further increase variability in PTyr pattern detection, as aldehydic fixatives potentially alter protein structures, while alcohol-based fixatives cause protein aggregation and plasma membrane disruption. While PTyr immunofluorescence remains a valuable tool for capacitation assessment, its reliability is limited by methodological variability. Mimicking in vivo conditions is crucial, and even minor modifications in the sperm capacitation process may provide inconsistent results in PTyr patterns across studies. This review offers valuable insights into often-disregarded methodological details and highlights the need for improved for better standardization of capacitation protocols. The uniform methodological approach improves reproducibility and reliability in capacitation studies and stimulates further investigation leading to the discovery of alternative additional markers to determine the capacitation status in mammalian spermatozoa.</p>","PeriodicalId":9041,"journal":{"name":"BMC Veterinary Research","volume":"21 1","pages":"448"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12232637/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144583032","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Molecular investigation of Dirofilaria repens, Dirofilaria immitis and Acanthocheilonema reconditum in stray dogs and cats in Ukraine.","authors":"Mateusz Pękacz, Kateryna Slivinska, Alla Vyniarska, Katarzyna Basałaj, Alicja Kalinowska, Agnieszka Wesołowska, Alicja Laskowska, Olesia Kysterna, Andrii Klietsov, Martina Miterpáková, Andrei Daniel Mihalca, Jakub Gawor, Vitaliy Kharchenko, Anna Zawistowska-Deniziak","doi":"10.1186/s12917-025-04867-w","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12917-025-04867-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The increasing population of stray dogs and cats in Ukraine poses an important risk of the transmission of vector-borne parasites, particularly Dirofilariarepens, Dirofilaria immitis and Acanthocheilonema reconditum, all of which are zoonotic and may affect human health. Despite numerous reports of human dirofilariosis in Ukraine, epidemiological data on these filarial parasites in companion animals remain limited. The aim of the study was to conduct a molecular epidemiological survey to assess the prevalence of filarial infections in stray dogs and cats across Ukraine and evaluate factors associated with infection in dogs. In collaboration with the European Scientific Counsel Companion Animal Parasites (ESCCAP) and local non-governmental organizations (NGOs), a total of 457 blood samples (233 dogs and 224 cats) were collected between March and December 2023 from Berdychiv, Lviv, Kharkiv, Sumy and Zvenyhorodka. Molecular detection of D. repens, D. immitis, and A. reconditum was performed using a two-step quantitative PCR (qPCR) assay with novel species-specific primers.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The method demonstrated high sensitivity and specificity, capable of detecting DNA from a single microfilaria, with no evidence of cross-reactivity among target species. Among the canine samples, 66 (28.3%) tested positive for at least one filarial species, including cases of both mono- and co-infection. In contrast, only 8 feline samples (3.6%) were positive for D. repens or D. immitis. Statistical analysis revealed a higher prevalence among male dogs and those weighing over 10 kg, while the lowest prevalence was observed in the youngest age group (< 3 years).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These findings provide the first molecular evidence of Dirofilaria spp. and A. reconditum infections in stray animals from several under-studied areas of Ukraine, highlighting the relevance of the One Health approach in mitigating the risk of zoonotic transmission.</p>","PeriodicalId":9041,"journal":{"name":"BMC Veterinary Research","volume":"21 1","pages":"438"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12228257/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144564379","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"PARP inhibitor olaparib induces DNA damage and acts as a drug sensitizer in an in vitro model of canine hematopoietic cancer.","authors":"Jayson Cagadas Pasaol, Ewa Dejnaka, Greta Mucignat, Joanna Bajzert, Marta Henklewska, Bożena Obmińska-Mrukowicz, Mery Giantin, Marianna Pauletto, Christopher Zdyrski, Mauro Dacasto, Aleksandra Pawlak","doi":"10.1186/s12917-025-04880-z","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12917-025-04880-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The introduction of genetic tests based on next-generation sequencing techniques into veterinary cancer diagnostics provides information on molecularly targeted therapies useful for dogs. However, there is still a lack of in vitro studies describing the effect and mechanism of action of such anti-cancer drugs in companion animals. Our study aimed to demonstrate in vitro activity of a commonly used PARP inhibitor, olaparib, in canine lymphoma and leukemia cells as well as to indicate its potential uses in anti-cancer therapy based on the mutational status of DNA damage related genes. Canine lymphoma and leukemia cell lines were incubated with olaparib alone and in combination with doxorubicin, and the impact of a single drug and combinations on cell viability, proliferation, induction of apoptosis, and DNA damage were assessed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The study showed that olaparib acts as a single agent, inhibiting the metabolic activity of canine lymphoma (CLBL-1, CNK-89) and leukemia (CLB70, GL-1) cells, affecting cell proliferation rates and causing DNA damage. In the tested cells, olaparib also worked as a chemosensitizer, due to its ability to potentiate cytotoxic effects of doxorubicin. Finally, RNA-seq data identify various mutational burden differences in genes involved in the DNA damage response in CLBL-1 and GL-1 cell lines that may explain the observed in vitro sensitivity differences to olaparib.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Olaparib may be an interesting oral therapy alternative to classic chemotherapy or adjuvant option in dogs with hematopoietic cancer with known DNA repair disorders.</p>","PeriodicalId":9041,"journal":{"name":"BMC Veterinary Research","volume":"21 1","pages":"439"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12228278/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144564380","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Seroprevalence and risk factors associated with Leptospira Hardjo among commercial dairy cattle farms of Rupandehi district, Nepal.","authors":"Tulsi Ram Gompo, Sudiksha Pandit, Deepak Subedi, Ram Chandra Sapkota, Aditi Pandey, Rojina Nepal, Ananda Tiwari, Sumit Jyoti","doi":"10.1186/s12917-025-04882-x","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12917-025-04882-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Nepal relies on an agrarian-based economy, with the livestock sector contributing significantly to the national GDP. However, diseases like leptospirosis negatively impact cattle production and pose significant zoonotic risks. This study represents the first attempt to evaluate the risk factors of leptospirosis in cattle in Nepal. A cross-sectional study was conducted from March 2019 to April 2020 in 14 administrative units of the Rupandehi district. A total of 367 blood samples were collected from 206 cattle farms using a proportionate sampling procedure. An indirect ELISA was used to detect specific antibodies in serum samples against Leptospira interrogans serovar Hardjo. Farm management practices and knowledge of zoonotic diseases were assessed through interviews with animal owners from the 206 cattle farms. Regression analyses were conducted to analyze the herd and farm level risk factors.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The overall farm-level seroprevalence of leptospirosis was 4.85% (95% CI: 2.35-8.75), while the animal-level seroprevalence was 3.81% (95% CI: 2.10-6.30). Using multivariable logistic regression analysis, we found that farms with purchased cattle (farms that regularly introduce cattle from other farms) had a borderline significant increase in odds of leptospirosis (OR: 7.25, 95% CI: 0.88-59.46, p = 0.065) compared to farms that only keep home-bred cattle. Additionally, larger farms (> 10 animals) were significantly associated with increased odds of leptospirosis (OR: 13.34, 95% CI: 1.64-108.42, p = 0.015) compared to smaller farms (≤ 10 animals). At the animal level, no statistically significant difference was observed in the multivariable mixed-effects logistic regression model, which included farm as a random effect.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The detection of farms with positive serum samples highlights the persistent threat of leptospirosis to cattle production and its occupational hazards within Nepal's dairy sector. Farm-level risk factors, such farms with purchased cattle and larger farm sizes, emphasize the need for targeted control measures. Given the zoonotic nature of the disease and its ecological complexity involving multiple hosts, a One Health approach is essential. Collaborative efforts among stakeholders are needed to develop evidence-based policies, strengthen health system preparedness, and implement practical interventions that reduce transmission risks and the overall disease burden in both human and animal populations across the country.</p>","PeriodicalId":9041,"journal":{"name":"BMC Veterinary Research","volume":"21 1","pages":"442"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12228320/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144567046","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Seroprevalence and associated risk factors of dromedary camel (Camelus dromedaries) Toxoplasma gondii in selected districts of Borana zone, Oromia, Ethiopia (short communication).","authors":"Selenat Getachew, Kubsa Wegene, Haben Fesseha Gebremeskel, Isayas Asefa Kebede","doi":"10.1186/s12917-025-04908-4","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12917-025-04908-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Toxoplasmosis in camels is an important zoonotic infection with considerable economic and public health impacts, particularly in the pastoral regions of Ethiopia.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cross-sectional study was conducted in selected districts of the Borana zone, Southern Oromia of Ethiopia, to estimate the Toxoplasma gondii seroprevalence infection and associated risk factors in camels. Accordingly, 352 camel blood samples were randomly collected. Then, the sera were separated from the blood and analyzed using a latex agglutination test.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>According to this study, the seroprevalence of camel T. gondii in the study districts using the latex agglutination test was 7.9%. The current study revealed that the T. gondii seroprevalence was relatively higher in the Miyo (9.1%) district. The males (8.9%), the adult age group (5.8%), and the poor-condition camels (21.0%) had higher seroprevalence. There was a statistically significant association between the body condition and the seroprevalence of camel T. gondii (p = 0.016). However, no statistically significant difference was noted between the seroprevalence of camel T. gondii and the peasant association, districts, age, and sex.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study revealed a significant prevalence of Toxoplasma gondii infection in camels, posing a potential public health risk in the study area. To effectively control the disease and minimize its impact on both animal and human health, it is important to raise public awareness, implement practical biosecurity measures, and conduct further comprehensive studies.</p>","PeriodicalId":9041,"journal":{"name":"BMC Veterinary Research","volume":"21 1","pages":"440"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12228232/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144564381","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Case report of a triple vector-borne infection in a dog: co-infection with Anaplasma phagocytophilum, Babesia spp., and Dirofilaria repens in North-Eastern Poland.","authors":"Ismena Gałęcka, Aleksandra Platt-Samoraj","doi":"10.1186/s12917-025-04889-4","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12917-025-04889-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>This is the first case of triple co-infection with vector-borne diseases confirmed by blood smear results and molecular confirmation of the anaplasmosis and dirofilariosis in a dog from North-Eastern Poland.</p><p><strong>Case presentation: </strong>A 4-year-old, uncastrated male Central Asian Shepherd Dog with symptoms of apathy and lack of appetite was diagnosed with triple vector disease infection. Microscopic examination of a blood smear revealed the presence of Babesia spp., Anaplasma phagocytophilum and microfilariae. PCR confirmed the presence of A. phagocytophilum and Dirofilaria repens. Clinical examination revealed elevated core body temperature and thrombocytopenia. Treatment for the identified pathogens was initiated. Complete improvement of clinical condition was observed on the second day of treatment.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The detection of three different pathogens in a blood smear is not often reported, but it can significantly speed up the diagnosis and initiation of targeted treatment. It should be confirmed using molecular methods, which are commonly used in companion animals, especially for diagnosing co-infections.</p>","PeriodicalId":9041,"journal":{"name":"BMC Veterinary Research","volume":"21 1","pages":"441"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12228283/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144564377","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}