BMC Veterinary Research最新文献

{"title":"Genetic evolution analysis of PRRSV ORF5 gene in five provinces of Northern China in 2024.","authors":"Yanyin Jian, Chun Lu, Yuan Shi, Xiangyu Kong, Jun Song, Jintao Wang","doi":"10.1186/s12917-025-04679-y","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12917-025-04679-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS) was first discovered in North America in 1987, and since then it has been spread widely all over the world. The prevalence of PRRS has caused significantly economic losses to pig industry in many countries.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Investigate the prevalence and genetic evolution of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) in five provinces of northern China.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>190 samples suspected of PRRS were collected from 28 pig farms in five provinces of northern China. The PRRSV ORF7 and ORF5 gene were detected by RT-PCR, and the ORF5 gene were sequenced for the homology and genetic evolution analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The positive samples of ORF7 gene were 50, and its positive rate was 26.32%. The positive samples of ORF5 gene were 48, and its positive rate was 25.26%. The sequenced results of the ORF5 gene showed that 48 positive samples all belonged to PRRSV-2. Among them, 26 samples were NADC34-like strains, 17 samples were NADC30-like strains, and 5 samples were classical strains. The amino acid sequence analysis of PRRSV GP5 indicated that there was a deletion at the 37th amino acid in 4 NADC30-like strains. The amino acids of the transmembrane region 1 in all positive strains are relatively conserved, and multiple amino acid mutations were observed in the signal peptide, transmembrane region 2, and B cell epitope. The amino acid mutations were different in different strains and regions. The above results demonstrated that the complexity and diversity of PRRSV genetics.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The strains from lineage 1 became the dominant strains in five provinces of northern China in 2024. The positive rate of NADC34-like strains was the highest in Heilongjiang Province and the NADC30-like strains were the most prevalent in these regions. The genetic evolution of PRRSV presented a complex trend. This study provided the data support for understanding PRRSV variation and for PRRS prevention and control in five provinces of northern China.</p>","PeriodicalId":9041,"journal":{"name":"BMC Veterinary Research","volume":"21 1","pages":"242"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11966811/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143771347","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Molecular and serological survey of Brucella spp. among rodents in western Iran.","authors":"Majid Hemati, Mohammad Khalili, Saber Esmaeili, Ahmad Mahmoudi, Hossein Ahangari Cohan, Ehsan Mostafavi","doi":"10.1186/s12917-025-04698-9","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12917-025-04698-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction and purpose: </strong>Brucellosis is a prevalent bacterial zoonosis globally, affecting a broad range of hosts. The role of rodents in the survival and transmission of Brucella species to humans remains uncertain. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of Brucella infection among wild rodents in western Iran, specifically in KabudarAhang County within Hamadan Province.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Sampling was conducted across various regions of KabudarAhang County in western Iran between April 2014 and September 2017. Serological testing was performed using the standard tube agglutination method while molecular investigation was carried out through real-time PCR analysis. Subsequently, molecularly positive samples underwent species identification via conventional PCR.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Serological testing revealed 7 positive samples (1.76%), including four Meriones persicus, one Mus musculus, one Meriones libycus, and one Spermophilus fulvus. In the molecular survey, three samples (0.68%) tested positive for Brucella; these included one M. musculus and two M. persicus. The molecular species identification test detected B. abortus in M. musculus among those positive for Brucella.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These findings suggest that wild rodents may play an overlooked role in the maintenance of pathogenic Brucella species in natural environments. Furthermore, in situations where standard diagnostic guidelines for brucellosis in wildlife are not well established, employing multiple testing approaches is crucial for accurate detection.</p>","PeriodicalId":9041,"journal":{"name":"BMC Veterinary Research","volume":"21 1","pages":"240"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11967138/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143771349","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analysis of different biological matrices for glucocorticoid detection in wild Cervidae and Bovidae from Europe and North America: a review.","authors":"Valentina Barukčić, Fiammetta Berlinguer, Valeria Pasciu, Francesca Daniela Sotgiu, Nikica Šprem","doi":"10.1186/s12917-025-04678-z","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12917-025-04678-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Stressful situations that trigger an acute stress response help animals to survive in the wild. In contrast, a prolonged stressful situation can have a negative effect on the animal's health. The organism activates the HPA axis, which stimulates the adrenal cortex through an intricate network of responses. In response to the stimulation, the adrenal cortex releases glucocorticoids. Hormones and their metabolites are a good indicator of stress levels in wild animals and can be measured in many matrices such as blood, feces, urine, saliva and hair. Many studies have investigated the effects of various stressors such as anthropogenic influences, environmental and biological factors and predation on glucocorticoid levels in these non-invasive matrices. We provide an overview of the literature on this topic in wild Cervidae and Bovidae, focusing only on Europe and North America.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We reviewed the scientific literature published between 1979 and 2024 and found 77 papers studying the correlations between different stressors and glucocorticoid levels in wild ungulates. Most researchers used feces as the matrix of choice for analyzing glucocorticoid levels as well as enzymatic immunoassay (EIA) as the analytical method. In 41 of the 77 studies, the researchers validated the analytical method themselves (19 studies) or used the analytical method that had been previously validated by others on the studied species (22 studies).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The increasing number of studies looking at stressful events in wild ungulates shows that researchers are interested in wildlife welfare and are making more effort to understand the biology of stress in wildlife.</p>","PeriodicalId":9041,"journal":{"name":"BMC Veterinary Research","volume":"21 1","pages":"241"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11966860/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143771262","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The impact of government regulations on farmers' reduction of antimicrobial use: a survey of 1395 hog farmers in China.","authors":"Yaguan Hu, Kailong Wang, Wenjuan Mi, Yanli Yu","doi":"10.1186/s12917-025-04690-3","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12917-025-04690-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study was based on a sample of 1,395 pig farmers from the fixed observation points in rural China in 2019. By applying a damage control model with an exponential distribution as the loss function, this study explored the marginal productivity of veterinary drug use among pig farmers in the four major pig - raising regions in China (the key - development region, the moderate - development region, the constrained - development region, and the potential - development region). Additionally, a binary Logit model was utilized to analyze the impacts of various factors on the excessive drug - use behavior of pig farmers in different regions. The estimation results of the damage - control model demonstrated that pig farmers in all four major farming regions had severe problems of excessive drug use. The proportions of excessive drug users in these regions were 47.4%, 66.1%, 67.2%, and 54.2% respectively. The regression results of the binary Logit model indicated that the regulatory and guiding behaviors of the government had a significant influence on the excessive drug - use behavior of pig farmers. However, the impacts differed across different regions. In moderately developed areas, part-time farming significantly inhibits excessive drug use by farmers. In potential development areas, joining agricultural cooperatives has the same effect. In restricted development areas, participating in farming training also has a significant inhibitory effect. Therefore, the government should strongly support the development of farmers' cooperatives and increase the scale and frequency of livestock training. Differentiated policies need to be formulated according to the different resource endowments in various livestock - raising regions.</p>","PeriodicalId":9041,"journal":{"name":"BMC Veterinary Research","volume":"21 1","pages":"243"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11966792/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143771352","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of different litter materials on some behavioral patterns, growth performance, welfare indices, and carcass traits of Muscovy ducks.","authors":"Eman Hefnawy, Ahmed Sabek, Eman Elgazzar, Saeed El-Laithy, Souad Ahmed","doi":"10.1186/s12917-025-04656-5","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12917-025-04656-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The current study was conducted to evaluate the effect of different litter materials on growth performance, some behavioral patterns, welfare indicators, and carcass traits in Muscovy ducks. A total of 84 healthy 2weeks old Muscovy ducklings were randomly allocated to 4 groups (3 replicates/ group; each replicate contains 7 birds) according to different litter materials. The first group was reared on wood shavings; the second was reared on sand; the third was reared on chopped rice straw; and the fourth one was reared on wheat straw. Growth performance parameters such as final body weight, body weight gain, feed intake, and feed conversion ratio were evaluated. Some behavioral patterns were recorded when the ducks were 3 weeks old using focal observation 3 days a week, twice per day. Foot pad dermatitis, feather condition score, hock burn, gait score, nostril cleanliness, and carcass traits were evaluated. Litter moisture content, water holding capacity, and microbiological characteristics of different litters were measured.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The results showed that all growth performance parameters of Muscovy ducks were not significantly affected by different litter types (P > 0.05). Feeding and leg /wing stretch frequences were significantly higher in ducks reared on wood shavings and sand than other treatments. High pecking and low feather condition score were recorded in birds reared on sand more than other birds. The chopped rice straw group showed the lowest foot pad, gait, and hock burn scores. A little effect of litter types on carcass traits was recorded as only thymus and abdominal fat weights were influenced by different litter types (P ≤ 0.05). Sand litter had the lowest water holding capacity, moisture content, total bacterial and fungal counts when compared to other litter types.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In the Muscovy ducks' sector, alternative bedding materials such as sand, wheat straw, and chopped rice can be used. Sand is the most hygienic litter to be used, as it has the lowest microbial load.</p>","PeriodicalId":9041,"journal":{"name":"BMC Veterinary Research","volume":"21 1","pages":"236"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11963526/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143762987","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Preliminary study on the effects of dry powder and water extract of Neolamarckia cadamba on growth performance, immunity, and intestinal health of yellow-feathered broilers.","authors":"Yuxuan Wang, Guoping Chen, Changsong Liu, Yunxin Liao, Limin Wei, Hailong Wang, Junyi Luo, Jiajie Sun, Qianyun Xi, Yongliang Zhang, Ting Chen","doi":"10.1186/s12917-025-04481-w","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12917-025-04481-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>In recent years, the livestock industry has shown increasing concern regarding the need to find effective alternatives to antibiotic products while also striving to produce high-quality livestock and poultry products. Woody feed sources exhibit wide distribution and variety, containing a variety of bioactive substances such as flavonoids and alkaloids. Among these woody plants, Neolamarckia cadamba (Nc) has the characteristics of high leaf yield, fast growth rate, and rich nutritional value, which has great development potential. However, whether Nc supplementation can improve growth performance, immunity, and gut health of yellow-feathered broilers remains to be explored. In the present study, we aimed to investigate the effects of diet supplemented with dry powder or water extract of Nc on the growth performance, immunity, and intestinal health of yellow-feathered broilers.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The results showed that, (1) There was no significant difference in Body weight (BW), Average daily gain (ADG), Average daily feed intake (ADFI), and Feed conversion ratio (FCR) between the Nc experimental groups and the control group (P > 0.05); (2) Compared to the control group, the thymus index at 63 days was significantly increased in the 1% Nc dry powder group (P < 0.05). Conversely, the bursa index of Fabricius was significantly decreased (P < 0.05) in the same group; (3) Compared to the control group and antibiotic group, there were no significant differences in the serum levels of albumin (ALB), globulin (GLB), total protein (TP), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), and triglycerides (TG) in each experimental group (P > 0.05); (4) Compared to the control group, serum IgG levels were significantly increased in both the 1% Nc dry powder group and the 0.05% water extract group (P < 0.05); (5) Compared to the control group, 0.05% Nc water extract could significantly increase the mRNA expression levels of ZO-1 and TGF-β4 in the jejunum, as well as claudin-1, ZO-1, and TGF-β4 mRNA in the ileum(P < 0.05). Furthermore, the use of 1% Nc dry powder also resulted in a significant increase in the mRNA expression levels of TGF-β4 in the jejunum and ZO-1 mRNA in the ileum (P < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These results suggest that the dietary supplementation with Nc can enhance immune function, improve small intestinal barrier integrity, and reduce intestinal inflammation to a certain extent. Among the four doses (1% dry powder, 2% dry powder, 0.05% water extract and 0.1% water extract), 1% dry powder and 0.05% water extract were more effective. These findings underscore the importance of exploring alternative feed additives in livestock production, as they may offer a viable strategy for promoting animal health and performance in the absence of traditional antibiotics.</p>","PeriodicalId":9041,"journal":{"name":"BMC Veterinary Research","volume":"21 1","pages":"233"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11963628/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143762993","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Linalool as a potential agent for inhibiting Escherichia coli biofilm formation and exopolysaccharide production.","authors":"Lei Wang, Jiamian Wang, Kang Zhang, Jingyan Zhang, Dongan Cui, Junyan Wang, Peng Ji, Yanming Wei, Jianxi Li","doi":"10.1186/s12917-025-04681-4","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12917-025-04681-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Escherichia coli (E. coli) is one of the most common pathogens causing endometritis in dairy cows. The presence of genes encoding extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) and biofilm formation are important factors contributing to bacterial resistance, which poses a significant challenge to the treatment of endometritis in dairy cows. Essential oils containing linalool have been shown to improve the cure rate of bovine endometritis, but whether linalool can inhibit E. coli biofilm has not yet been reported. We proposed to ascertain the linalool implications on the development of E. coli biofilm and its extracellular polysaccharides, as well as to assess the impacts of linalool on E. coli in both planktonic and biofilm states. We discovered that the minimum biofilm inhibitory concentrations (MBICs) of linalool against E. coli were twice as high as the minimum inhibitory concentrations. Linalool exhibited a strong bactericidal effect on clinical E. coli strain producing ESBL and forming strong biofilm, regardless of whether they were in a planktonic or biofilm condition. Linalool suppressed the biofilm development in a way that was dependent on the dosage, with an MBIC 4 µL/mL. This was verified by the use of crystal violet test and scanning electron microscopy. Moreover, the CCK-8 assay and confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) manifested significant reductions in live bacteria within the biofilm. The concentrations of extracellular polymeric compounds in the E. coli biofilm were also reduced. Furthermore, CLSM and RT-qPCR analysis confirmed that linalool (2 µL/mL) significantly suppressed exopolysaccharide (EPS) and the pgaABCD gene expression, regulating an essential exopolysaccharide expression in biofilm formation. These findings revealed that linalool effectively suppressed viable bacteria, EPS production, and E. coli biofilm formation, providing a theoretical foundation for alternative antibiotic therapy in endometritis in dairy cows and as a potential agent for preventing E. coli biofilm-related infections.</p>","PeriodicalId":9041,"journal":{"name":"BMC Veterinary Research","volume":"21 1","pages":"235"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11963439/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143762989","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rapid and visual detection of transmissible gastroenteritis virus using a CRISPR/Cas12a system combined with loop-mediated isothermal amplification.","authors":"Haiyang Wang, Zhao Qi, Jiale Wang, Zhenjie He, Liting Lu, Zhe Chen, Ying Shao, Guijun Wang, Zhenyu Wang, Jian Tu, Xiangjun Song","doi":"10.1186/s12917-025-04711-1","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12917-025-04711-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Transmissible gastroenteritis (TGE) is a highly contagious intestinal disease caused by transmissible gastroenteritis virus (TGEV). The primary techniques for identifying TGEV involve enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), polymerase chain reaction (PCR), and fluorescent quantitative PCR (qPCR). However, these approaches are complex, demanding specialized tools and significant time. Therefore, a precise, swift, and effective differential diagnosis method is crucial for TGEV prevention. In recent years, clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR) and Cas-associated proteins have become popular for their high specificity, unique cleavage activity, and ease of detection. CRISPR-Cas12a, a novel RNA-guided nucleic acid endonuclease, is emerging as a powerful molecular scissor.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In this study, we designed three pairs of crRNA targeting the N gene of TGEV. Following the selection of the most appropriate crRNA, we established the loop-mediated isothermal (LAMP) amplification method with a sensitivity of 10² copies/µL. And based on this, we established the CRISPR-Cas12a fluorescence assay with a sensitivity of 10⁰ copies/µL. Furthermore, we established a CRISPR/Cas12a lateral-flow dipstick assay with a sensitivity of 10² copies/µL. Importantly, none of these methods exhibited cross-reactivity with other related viruses, enabling quicker and more straightforward observation of experimental results.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>We have successfully developed a CRISPR-Cas12a fluorescence assay and a CRISPR/Cas12a lateral-flow dipstick assay for clinical TGEV detection. Overall, we created a portable, quick, and sensitive TGEV assay with strong specificity utilizing the CRISPR-Cas12a system.</p>","PeriodicalId":9041,"journal":{"name":"BMC Veterinary Research","volume":"21 1","pages":"234"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11963519/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143762996","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rapid visual detection of bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) using recombinase polymerase amplification with SYBR green I.","authors":"Lingling Jiang, Pu Wang, Gang Zhang, Xiaoxia Niu, Qiang Liu, Ruijin Liang, Sinong Zhang, Yong Li","doi":"10.1186/s12917-025-04640-z","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12917-025-04640-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Bovine diarrhea virus (BVDV) is considered to be the most common pathogen causing severe diarrhea in cattle worldwide and can cause Bovine viral diarrhea (BVD). Clinical manifestations of fever, diarrhea, ulcers, and abortions, resulting in significant economic losses to the cattle industry. The development of an efficient, rapid and sensitive assay suitable for field conditions is of great significance for its early detection. Recombinase polymerase amplification (RPA) is a novel nucleic acid amplification method that has been widely used in the diagnosis of infectious diseases.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We developed a rapid assay (RPAS) combining RPA with SYBR Green I for the detection of BVDV. The BVDV RPAS assay was performed at 37 °C in 25 min. The minimum detection limit of the RPAS assay is 1 × 10⁹ copies/µL in sunlight and 1 × 10⁵ copies/µL in ultraviolet light, and there is no cross-reactivity with other viruses that cause gastrointestinal and respiratory infections in cattle. The coincidence rate of BVDV RPAS in clinical samples was higher than that of PCR.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The BVDV RPAS assay established in this study has high sensitivity and specificity, and is expected to be a powerful tool for the prevention and control of BVD.</p>","PeriodicalId":9041,"journal":{"name":"BMC Veterinary Research","volume":"21 1","pages":"232"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11963702/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143763007","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative study of the effects of baicalin and probenecid on microRNA expression profiles in porcine aortic vascular endothelial cells infected by Glaesserella parasuis.","authors":"Ling Guo, Yaqiong Yang, Linrong Yang, Peiyan Sun, Jing He, Shulin Fu, Chun Ye, Bingbing Zong, Yinsheng Qiu","doi":"10.1186/s12917-025-04702-2","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12917-025-04702-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Glaesserella parasuis elicits severe inflammatory responses and vascular damage, thus resulting in high mortality and morbidity in pigs; consequently, early diagnosis and treatment are critical to controlling economic losses. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have been demonstrated to be involved in vascular endothelial inflammation. Baicalin is an effective Chinese medicinal herb with anti-microbial, anti-inflammatory, and anti-oxidant activity. Probenecid has activity toward multiple mammalian biological processes. Herein, we compared the effects of baicalin and probenecid on the miRNA expression profiles of porcine aortic vascular endothelial cells (PAVECs) infected with G. parasuis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We identified 277 known miRNAs and 540 novel miRNAs. Twelve miRNAs were significantly differentially expressed in PAVECs after G. parasuis infection. Both baicalin and probenecid affected the miRNA expression profiles in G. parasuis-infected PAVECs but showed different modulation patterns. Ssc-miR-27b-5p and ssc-miR-1842 were the top differentially expressed miRNAs (DEmiRNAs) in baicalin group comparing to control group. Ssc-miR-9851-3p and ssc-miR-1296-5p were the top DEmiRNAs in probenecid group. And Ssc-miR-127, ssc-miR-1842, and ssc-miR-9810-3p were the top DEmiRNAs between the baicalin group and probenecid group, as validated by qRT-PCR. The target genes of DEmiRNAs between various groups were subjected to KEGG and GO enrichment analyses. Hematopoietic cell lineage, insulin resistance, and AMPK signaling pathway were the top significantly enriched pathways associated with the target genes of DEmiRNAs in G. parasuis-infected PAVECs pretreated with baicalin; in contrast, B cell receptor, T cell receptor, and HIF-1 signaling pathways predominated in G. parasuis-infected PAVECs treated with probenecid. We additionally constructed co-expression and protein-protein interaction networks based on the differentially expressed target genes of miR-127, miR-1842, and miR-9810-3p.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our findings suggested that baicalin and probenecid regulated miRNAs associated with vascular inflammation and damage, but showed different modulation patterns. This report provided the first comparison of the effects of baicalin and probenecid on G. parasuis-infected PAVECs, and might aid in the development of novel biomarkers and therapeutic targets to control G. parasuis infection.</p>","PeriodicalId":9041,"journal":{"name":"BMC Veterinary Research","volume":"21 1","pages":"237"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11963612/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143771313","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}