BMC Veterinary Research最新文献

{"title":"Identification and bioinformatics analysis of the DUS gene in Eimeria media.","authors":"Yijin Zou, Yiyan Wang, Diyi Duan, Xun Suo, Yuanyuan Zhang","doi":"10.1186/s12917-024-04362-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12917-024-04362-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study aims to explore the coding sequence (CDS) of the putative DUS gene in Eimeria media and assess its potential biological functions during the parasite's lifecycle. Initially, oocysts were isolated from fecal samples of rabbits infected with E. media, from which DNA and RNA were extracted. These extractions were used as templates for PCR to successfully amplify the CDS of the DUS gene, confirming its presence within the E. media genome. Further analysis using quantitative PCR (qPCR) demonstrated significantly higher expression of the DUS gene in the precocious line (PL) compared to the wild type (WT). This differential expression highlights a potential functional role for the DUS gene in influencing the development and sporulation processes of E. media, which may contribute to the precocious phenotype. Additionally, bioinformatics analysis provided insights into the evolutionary trends and structural characteristics of the DUS gene across different species, suggesting a broader biological significance. The elevated expression of the DUS gene in the PL suggests its critical involvement in the growth and reproductive processes of the parasite. This finding opens new avenues for research aimed at controlling E. media infection through targeted interventions in the DUS gene expression pathways.</p>","PeriodicalId":9041,"journal":{"name":"BMC Veterinary Research","volume":"21 1","pages":"5"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11702072/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142944304","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dietary tea tree (Melaleucae Aetheroleum) oil fortifies growth, biochemical, immune-antioxidant trait, gene function, tissue reaction, and Aeromonas sobria resistance in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus).","authors":"Mohamed Shaalan, Heba H Mahboub, Ahmed Hosny Abdelgawad, Abdelwahab A Abdelwarith, Elsayed M Younis, Ahmed A Elnegiry, Asmaa W Basher, Walaa El-Houseiny, Sherif M Shawky, Sahar H Orabi, Simon J Davies, Yasmina K Mahmoud","doi":"10.1186/s12917-024-04369-1","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12917-024-04369-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The current study had aimed to assess the long-term dietary supplementation with Melaleucae aetheroleum, tea tree essential oil (TTO). The impact on growth performance, biochemical indices, immune function, oxidant/antioxidant activity, gene expression, histopathology, and resistance against Aeromonas sobria in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) was investigated. Four groups (with five replicates; G1 (control group, G2, G3, and G4) of Nile tilapia received diets enriched with TTO (doses of 0.0, 0.5, 1.0, and 2.0 mL/kg diet) for 60 days, then fish were challenged by A. sobria. Outcomes indicated an extensive elevation in growth metrics (final body weight, weight gain, SGR, feed intake and fish body protein). Similarly, the total blood protein, albumin, total globulin levels, Serum complement-3 levels, lysozyme activity, immunoglobulin M (IgM), nitric oxide, and phagocytic activity were significantly enhanced in all treatments, notably in the 2.0 mL TTO/kg fed groups compared to the control. Lower levels of urea, creatinine, AST, ALP, ALT, cortisol, glucose, triglycerides, cholesterol and body crude lipids were observed in the fish that were fed a 2.0 mL TTO/kg diet. Supplementing TTO at 2.0-mL /kg diet revealed the best results for elevating CAT, SOD, and GSH activities plus declining MDA value in hepatic homogenate. Additionally, dietary 2.0-mL TTO/kg showed the best outcomes for the intestinal morphometry plus maintaining the histological picture in spleen and liver. Concurrently, fish that were fed a 2.0 mL TTO/kg diet exhibited a substantial upregulation of TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-10, TFG-β, IFN-γ and BCL-2 genes in the liver, while, caspase-3, and BAX were downregulated. Furthermore, TTO-enriched diets enhanced the relative percentage survival post-A. sobria challenge plus enhanced the clinical picture in a dose-dependent manner. Taken together, the findings revealed that long-term exposure to dietary TTO fortified the physiological performance, oxidant/anti-oxidant stability, immune function, gene expression, histological picture, and resistance of Nile tilapia against A. sobria.</p>","PeriodicalId":9041,"journal":{"name":"BMC Veterinary Research","volume":"21 1","pages":"1"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11694458/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142920530","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence of common conditions and associated mortalities of dogs treated at the small animal clinic, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda.","authors":"James Okwee-Acai, Benard Agwai, Patrick Mawadri, Christine Kesiime, Methodius Tubihemukama, Joseph Kungu, Benard Odur","doi":"10.1186/s12917-024-04432-x","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12917-024-04432-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>In developing countries such as Uganda, domestic dogs suffer high burdens of infectious diseases often with high mortalities. Surveillance data on the common diseases and associated mortalities is however scanty. We thus, present results of a retrospective study of common clinical conditions and mortalities of dogs brought for treatment at the small animal clinic, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We analysed data from the case records register of the clinic from January 2021-December, 2022. Descriptive statistics were generated using the frequency functions of R (R-4.3.3 for Windows^®). Records were reviewed for all 650 cases presented at the clinic except those presented for routine care services like vaccination and grooming.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Up to 51% of the dogs were female, mostly (56%) under two years old. The Alsatian (30.7%) and mongrel (22.7%) were the commonest breeds. Cases were recorded as: elective surgeries (29.2%), parvovirus infection (13.9%), skin infections (09.7%), canine babesiosis (6.9%), fractures (6.0%) and neoplasms (6%); mainly transmissible venereal tumour (TVT). Some (3.4%) dogs developed post-operative complications, while 4.8% were euthanized and 12% died during treatment. Of the dogs that died, 50% were parvovirus infection cases while other conditions included babesiosis (13%), poisoning (7.8%), pyometra (7.8%) and liver dysfunction (5.1%).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>We impute that parvovirus infection and other preventable diseases were the most frequent reasons for morbidity and mortality of especially puppies in Uganda. This points to the need for epidemiologic surveillance of dog diseases and community sensitisation for improved control of dog diseases.</p>","PeriodicalId":9041,"journal":{"name":"BMC Veterinary Research","volume":"20 1","pages":"590"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11687069/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142906279","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Occurrence of Taenia species and Toxoplasma gondii in pigs slaughtered in Bujumbura city, Kayanza and Ngozi provinces, Burundi.","authors":"Salvator Minani, Emma Spiessens, Alyssa Labarrière, Pascal Niyokwizera, Anastasie Gasogo, Jean-Bosco Ntirandekura, Chiara Trevisan, Sarah Gabriël","doi":"10.1186/s12917-024-04445-6","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12917-024-04445-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Taenia spp. and Toxoplasma gondii are foodborne parasites affecting humans and pigs. The magnitude of the burden of these parasites in pigs in Burundi is not known. Therefore, this study aimed to estimate the prevalence of Taenia spp. infections in pigs by meat inspection, partial carcass dissection and molecular confirmation and estimate the prevalence of Toxoplasma gondii infection in pigs by serology. A cross-sectional study was conducted in pig slaughter slabs located in Bujumbura city, Kayanza and Ngozi provinces. Multisampling strategies were used to sample 576 pigs. Upon pig slaughter, blood samples were collected to perform indirect ELISA for detecting antibodies against the T. gondii P30 protein in the serum. Routine meat inspection was carried out to detect T. solium and T. hydatigena cysticerci. The tongue, heart and masseter muscles were dissected by making slices less than 5 mm thick to estimate the intensity and stages of T. solium cysticerci. A subset of cysticerci and suspected lesions per infected pig were examined using PCR-RFLP to differentiate Taenia spp.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the 576 pigs, 14 (2.4%) were positive for T. solium cysticercosis by meat inspection and 67 (11.6%) by partial carcass dissection. After molecular analysis, 66 (11.5%) samples were confirmed to be T. solium infections. The average of T. solium cysticerci in the dissected organs was estimated at 80 cysticerci. Most cysticerci (76.1%) were counted in the masseter muscles, followed by the tongue (18.8%) and the heart (5.1%). The majority of cysticerci (88.3%) were viable, 6.4% were calcified and 5.3% were degenerated. Approximately 69% of the pigs infected with T. solium had light infections, 13.4% had moderate infections and 17.9% had heavy infections. Thirty-two out of 576 pigs (5.5%) were suspected of being infected with T. hydatigena by meat inspection, but 24 pigs (4.2%) were confirmed molecularly to be positive for T. hydatigena infection. The seroprevalence of T. gondii infection in pigs was 17.7%.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study indicates that T. solium and T. gondii parasites are endemic in Burundi and provides evidence of potential public health risks for the local population. Effective control strategies, including improved pig farming practices, better hygiene and sanitation, increased meat inspection, monitoring of infected pigs, risk-free culinary practices, and treatment of tapeworm carriers, should be implemented to avoid the perpetual contamination of pigs and humans with these zoonotic parasites.</p>","PeriodicalId":9041,"journal":{"name":"BMC Veterinary Research","volume":"20 1","pages":"589"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11686993/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142906276","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficacy of myrrh extract against Eimeria labbeana-like experimental infection in Columba livia domestica: in vivo study.","authors":"Shurug Albasyouni, Afra Alharbi, Esam Al-Shaebi, Saleh Al Quraishy, Rewaida Abdel-Gaber","doi":"10.1186/s12917-024-04450-9","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12917-024-04450-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The Protozoan pathogen Eimeria is a significant issue in poultry production. Scientists are concerned with finding alternative strategies due to the spread of resistance against the commonly employed coccidiostats. This study examined how well myrrh extract (MyE) protected domesticated pigeons from an experimental Eimeria labbeana-like infection.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Female pigeons were divided into six groups (5 pigeons/group): Group1: control pigeon group, Group2: Non-infected and treated pigeon group with MyE (500 mg/kg). Group3: Infected and non-treated pigeon group, Group4: Infected and treated pigeon group with MyE (250 mg/kg), Group5: Infected and treated pigeon group with MyE (500 mg/kg), Group6: Infected and treated pigeon group with amprolium (1 g/L of H₂O). Oral infection with 3 × 10⁴ sporulated E. labbeana-like oocysts was used to inoculate groups (3-6). Three days after infection, groups (4-6) received daily treatment with MyE and amprolium for five days. Oocyst output was assessed on day 8 post-infection. After sacrificing the pigeons, the small intestine and blood were collected from each pigeon and processed for histological, biochemical, and oxidative damage examinations.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>This study looked into the overall phenolic and flavonoid contents and MyE's antioxidant activity. According to the data, the best dose of MyE was 500 mg/kg, which significantly decreased the output of oocysts produced (2.090 × 10⁵ ± 1.04 × 10⁴ oocysts/g.feces). This result has been linked to a -2.51% decrease in the pigeon's body weight gain. The morphometric characteristics of freshly unsporulated and sporulated oocysts were obtained, and pigeons treated with MyE significantly decreased size. Furthermore, there was a significant decrease in both the number and size of the developmental stages of E. labbeana-like (i.e. meronts, gamonts, and developing oocysts) in the intestinal tissue among the MyE-treated group. MyE facilitates the disruption of intestinal homeostasis caused by E. labbeana-like infection, specifically concerning carbohydrates and proteins. Concurrent with the state of total antioxidant capacity (TAC), the antioxidant activity of MyE reduced the blood plasma levels of trace elements (Fe, Cu, Cr, Zn, and Ni).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our findings suggest that MyE could be a useful antioxidant source and a replacement for coccidiostats in preventing and treating avian coccidiosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":9041,"journal":{"name":"BMC Veterinary Research","volume":"20 1","pages":"586"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11684283/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142906335","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A rapid visual detection method for porcine teschovirus through reverse transcription recombinase-aided amplification coupled with lateral flow dipstick.","authors":"Qiu-Yong Chen, Zhi-Hua Sun, Ru-Jing Chen, Xue-Min Wu, Yong-Liang Che, Ren-Jie Wu, Jing-Li Qiu, Bing He, Long-Bai Wang, Lun-Jiang Zhou","doi":"10.1186/s12917-024-04442-9","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12917-024-04442-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Porcine teschovirus (PTV) is an important enteropathogen, associated with symptoms of polioencephalomyelitis, pneumonia, pericarditis, myocarditis, diarrhea, and reproductive disorders in pigs. Rapid and precise diagnostic methods are essential for managing PTV infections. The study introduced a simple, quick, and visual approach for detecting PTV through the use of RT-RAA coupled with LFD.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The procedures of RT-RAA-LFD for PTV could be carried out with 1.0 μmol/L primer concentration and 2.0 μmol/L probe concentration at 37 °C for 20 min, and the amplification result could be visualized within 5 min through LFD detection. Meanwhile, the assay established in this study showed no interaction with other associated diarrhea viruses, and has high specificity to PTV, with a minimal detection limit of 10 copies/μL and good repeatability. 128 clinical samples suspected of having a PTV infection were tested by RT-PCR and RT-RAA-LFD, respectively. The total diagnostic coincidence rate was 98.44% (126/128) with a Kappa value of 0.96(K ≥ 0.75), demonstrating a high degree of agreement to detect PTV for the two methods.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The RT-RAA-LFD assay created in this research displayed quick response, specificity, and sensitivity, capable of successfully detecting PTV in less than 25 min, providing an easy-to-use diagnostic instrument for rapid and visual PTV detection, especially suitable for labs and low-resource environments.</p>","PeriodicalId":9041,"journal":{"name":"BMC Veterinary Research","volume":"20 1","pages":"588"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11687080/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142906333","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Retrospective study on the cumulative incidence of milk fever in parturient cows: a case study in the United Arab Emirates.","authors":"Shaikha Ahmed Alshehhi, Temesgen Mohammed, Aboma Zewude, Berecha Bayissa, Asha Antony, Berhanu Adnew Degafa, Gobena Ameni","doi":"10.1186/s12917-024-04455-4","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12917-024-04455-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Dairy productivity can be improved by controlling metabolic diseases in dairy cows such as milk fever. The aim of this study was to estimate the cumulative incidence of milk fever during four years (2019 to 2022) at an anonymous dairy farm in the Emirate of Abu Dhabi. For this study, the records of the diagnosis of milk fever in 7540 parturient cows during four years was used.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The monthly cumulative incidence of milk fever over four years was 2.2% (95% confidence interval, CI: 1.9, 2.3%). It was highest in 2021 (3.41 ± 0.41%) while it was lowest (0.87 ± 0.20%) in 2022. Based on multivariate binary logistic regression analysis, the odds of the monthly cumulative incidence of milk fever was 4.12 (95% CI: 2.31, 7.34) times higher in 2021 than in 2022. Similarly, it was 4.30 (95% CI: 2.38, 7.78) times higher in winter than in autumn. On the other hand, the monthly cumulative incidence of milk fever was 0.07 (95% CI: 0.03, 0.16) and 0.41 (95% CI: 0.06, 0.33) times lower in lactations 2 and 3 than in lactation 7, respectively. Lastly, milk fever was significantly associated with subclinical ketosis (χ² = 54.74; p < 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The monthly cumulative incidence of milk fever could be considered as low while further strengthening preventive measures would benefit the farm.</p>","PeriodicalId":9041,"journal":{"name":"BMC Veterinary Research","volume":"20 1","pages":"587"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11687054/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142906317","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ehrlichia sp. in dairy cattle from Bahia, Brazil: high seropositivity rates and molecular confirmation of Ehrlichia minasensis.","authors":"Antònio C Diakos, Taynar L Bezerra, Waléria Borges-Silva, Mateus A Cedro, Rogério F de Jesus, Daniel M Aguiar, Priscila J S G Mizuuti, Tayane B S Magalhães, Nathalia A Pereira, Luís F P Gondim","doi":"10.1186/s12917-024-04447-4","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12917-024-04447-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Ehrlichia spp. are obligate intracytoplasmic Gram-negative tickborne bacteria from the Anaplasmataceae family. Ehrlichiosis is considered an emerging disease in humans and animals. Studies on bovine ehrlichiosis are scarce in Northeastern Brazil. Therefore, the objectives of this work were to determine the frequency of antibodies anti-Ehrlichia sp. in dairy cattle herds in the Feira de Santana microregion, Bahia, and to confirm infection through PCR and nucleotide sequencing in selected seropositive animals.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Blood samples were collected from 256 clinically healthy adult cattle from four dairy farms. Plasma from each animal was tested for Ehrlichia sp. using an indirect immunofluorescence antibody test (IFAT) and a 1:40 cutoff. Of the 256 tested samples, 249 (97.26%) were seropositive for Ehrlichia sp. Forty blood samples (10 from each farm) from IFAT-positive cattle were examined by a PCR for Ehrlichia sp. and resulted in 13 infected animals; DNA samples from six PCR-positive cows were sequenced and matched 100% with Ehrlichia minasensis.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The results represent the first serological and molecular evidence of E. minasensis in cattle from Bahia state and northeastern Brazil. Despite the limited number of tested cattle, the high frequency of seropositive animals in four farms suggests that Ehrlichia sp. is widely disseminated in the studied microregion. Considering that the infected cattle were asymptomatic, it is possible that they developed protective immunity against Ehrlichia sp.</p>","PeriodicalId":9041,"journal":{"name":"BMC Veterinary Research","volume":"20 1","pages":"582"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11681724/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142891959","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Four SNPs in the untranslated region of the NOTCH2 gene involved in reproductive traits in fertile and anestrum Holstein Friesian cattle.","authors":"Karima Gh M Mahmoud, Ahmed S A Sosa, Hassan R H Darwish, Sally Ibrahim, Mahmoud H Hasanain, Essam A Almadaly, Abdelaziz M Sakr, A Sh E Shams, Daniela Elena Ilie","doi":"10.1186/s12917-024-04393-1","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12917-024-04393-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>There are no studies belong NOTCH2 gene polymorphism in relation to reproductive and productive traits in Holstein cattle. The objective of the present study was to investigate the effect of NOTCH2 gene polymorphisms on productive and reproductive performance of fertile and anestrum cattle.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The cattle were classified into anestrus for 3-12 months postpartum (n = 115, 37.7%) and normal cyclic fertile (n = 190, 62.3%). Age at 1st calving, calving interval, calf birth weight, milk yield and days of milking data were obtained from the farm records for all animals. Blood samples were collected from fertile and anestrum animals for DNA extraction and the PCR as well as single-strand conformation polymorphism techniques (SSCP) were performed for detection of the NOTCH2 gene polymorphism.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The sequencing results showed that NOTCH2 gene in cattle is polymorphic with 5 genotypes AA, AG, GG, CC and CT. Four novel SNPs as transition single base substitution mutations were detected at 3: 23,192,033 (A/G), 3:23192149 (C/T), 3:23192071 (C/T) and 3:23192143 (G/A). GG genotype of NOTCH2 gene was associated with shorter calving interval and heavier calf birth weight in both fertile and anestrum cattle.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>NOTCH2 gene in cattle could be used as a genetic marker involved in reproductive traits in both fertile and anestrum cattle.</p>","PeriodicalId":9041,"journal":{"name":"BMC Veterinary Research","volume":"20 1","pages":"581"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11681750/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142891960","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mechanism of activation of TLR4/NF-κB/NLRP3 signaling pathway induced by heat stress disrupting the filtration barrier in broiler.","authors":"Hui-Li Dong, Xing-Yue Wu, Fei-Yao Wang, Hao-Xiang Chen, Si-Liang Feng, Chen-Yang Zhou, Zhan-Qin Zhao, Li-Fang Si","doi":"10.1186/s12917-024-04411-2","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12917-024-04411-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>High-temperature environment can cause acute kidney injury affecting renal filtration function. To study the mechanism of renal injury caused by heat stress through activates TLR4/NF-κB/NLRP3 signaling pathway by disrupting the filtration barrier in broiler chickens. The temperature of broilers in the TN group was maintained at 23 ± 1 °C, and the HS group temperature was maintained at 35 ± 1℃ from the age of 21 days, and the high temperature was 10 h per day, and one broiler from each replicate group at the age of 35 and 42 days was selected for blood sampling, respectively.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The ELISA results demonstrated that in comparison to the TN group, serum CORT content of broilers in the HS group was all remarkably elevated (P < 0.01); the levels of IL-6 and TNF-α in the serum were remarkably elevated (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01); serum CAT and SOD activities were all remarkably reduced (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01), and serum LDH activity and MDA content were all remarkably decreased (P < 0.05); serum BUN and CRE levels were remarkably elevated (P < 0.01). Pathological sections and transmission electron microscopy demonstrated that the structure of the renal filtration barrier in the HS group damaged gradually with the prolongation of heat stress in comparison to the TN group, but the damage was reduced at 42 days of age; the levels of TLR4, MyD88, NF-κB, NF-κB-p65, NLRP3, caspase-1 and IL-1β mRNAs were all up-regulated (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01) in renal tissues of the HS group, indicating that heat stress caused damage to the morphological structure and function of the renal filtration barrier and that TLR4/NF-κB/NLRP3 pathway was also affected by heat stress, leading to increased activity (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>It demonstrated that heat stress caused detrimental effects on both the morphological structure and function of the renal filtration barrier, and the initiation of the TLR4/NF-κB/NLRP3 signaling pathway exacerbated the inflammatory damage, leading to increased thermal damage to renal tissues and glomerular filtration barriers; however, with the prolongation of heat stress, broilers gradually developed heat tolerance, and the damage to the renal tissues and filtration barriers triggered by heat stress was mitigated.</p>","PeriodicalId":9041,"journal":{"name":"BMC Veterinary Research","volume":"20 1","pages":"584"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11681645/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142891962","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}