BMC Veterinary Research最新文献

{"title":"Establishment and application of a qPCR method for differential detection of Brucella S2 vaccine strain.","authors":"Xianran Meng, Zheng Li, Yating Zhang, Yu Yu, WaGao, Wenlong Wang, Chunxia Liu","doi":"10.1186/s12917-025-04635-w","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12917-025-04635-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Brucellosis is one of the most serious zoonotic bacterial diseases in the world. The disease has caused serious harm to people and livestock, hindered the healthy development of the breeding industry, and led to serious economic losses.At present, the prevention and control of this kind of disease is still based on vaccine immunization. However, after the widely used vaccine is inoculated to livestock, there is no widely used differential diagnosis method to distinguish vaccine immune antibodies from natural infection antibodies. Quarantine and purification work is difficult to carry out. In addition, there are few studies using real-time PCR(qPCR) methods in the differential diagnosis of natural virulent strains and vaccine strains of brucellosis.The purpose of this study is to establish a rapid, sensitive and accurate differential diagnosis method for Brucella S2 vaccine strain, and to solve the problem of lack of identification of Brucella S2 vaccine strain and natural virulent strain in clinical detection.It avoids the killing of some livestock due to the positive antibody of the Brucella S2 vaccine strain, and can also identify sick animals from immune herds, reducing the economic losses of farms, and providing certain technical support for the quarantine and purification of epidemic diseases.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In this study, combined with TaqMan probe-based qPCR technology, specific primers and probes were designed according to the specific deletion genes of the Brucella S2 vaccine strain,which could be used as marker genes.The qPCR and duplex qPCR detection methods of Brucella were successfully established.The method has good specificity, sensitivity and repeatability, the lowest limit of detection can reach 1 × 10¹ copies/μL, the sensitivity is about 100 times higher than that of conventional PCR, and there is no cross-reaction with Escherichia coli,Salmonella,streptococcus and other common strains.The coefficient of variation between groups was less than 0.6%, and the coefficient of variation within groups was less than 0.55%.Subsequently, this method was used to monitor the antibody levels in goat inoculated with different doses of Brucella S2 vaccine strain, and the method could also detect the corresponding nucleic acid signals in goat milk samples, and the clinical samples were detected. In summary, this method has good specificity, sensitivity and repeatability, and can be used for the differential diagnosis of clinical brucellosis.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study successfully established a duplex qPCR detection method for the differential diagnosis of the Brucella S2 vaccine strain. From the establishment of the method to the clinical application of the method, it shows that the method can be used for the differential diagnosis of clinical brucellosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":9041,"journal":{"name":"BMC Veterinary Research","volume":"21 1","pages":"238"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11963304/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143771334","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction: Placental expression of estrogen and progesterone receptors and vascular endothelial growth factor in buffaloes suffering from uterine torsion.","authors":"Yahia A Amin, Ahmed Abdou Elnegiry, Eatemad A Awadalla, Hassan A Hussein, Ragab H Mohamed","doi":"10.1186/s12917-025-04715-x","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12917-025-04715-x","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9041,"journal":{"name":"BMC Veterinary Research","volume":"21 1","pages":"231"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11960015/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143762984","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The protective role of melatonin and agomelatine against oxidative stress following laparoscopic ovariectomy in dogs.","authors":"S Azizi, H Kazemi Mehrjerdi, M Zaeemi","doi":"10.1186/s12917-025-04671-6","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12917-025-04671-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The present study was carried out to compare biomarkers of oxidative stress and antioxidant activity of agomelatine and melatonin in bitches undergoing laparoscopic ovariectomy. Twenty-four healthy female dogs were randomly divided into four groups: Control (C), laparoscopic ovariectomy (LO), agomelatine + laparoscopic ovariectomy (ALO), and melatonin + laparoscopic ovariectomy (MLO) consisting of 6 animals each. Melatonin and agomelatine were administered to the MLO group (0.3 mg/kg/day, p.o) and the ALO group (0.3 mg/kg/day, p.o) consequently one day before LO to 7 days post-intervention. Blood sampling was performed on days - 1, 0 (immediately after surgery), 3, and 8 of the study. Total oxidant status (TOS), total antioxidant capacity (TAC), and malondialdehyde (MDA) in sera and superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) in hemolyzed red blood cells (RBCs) were measured.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among all indices analyzed over time, only the MDA index in the ALO group showed a significant difference, being significantly lower on day 3 post-surgery compared to days - 1 and 0 (p = 0.023). Significant differences were observed between groups in terms of TOS, TAC, GPx, and SOD levels. The LO group exhibited a significant increase in the TOS index on day 3 compared to all other groups (p = 0.008). The TAC index experienced the most significant increase in the MLO group on day 0 compared to other groups (p = 0.005), and this trend continued significantly until day 3, only in comparison to the LO and C groups (p = 0.024). Agomelatine significantly increased SOD levels in the ALO group on postoperative day 3 compared to groups C and LO (p = 0.009). GPx levels were significantly elevated in ALO and MLO groups on day 8 compared to groups C and LO (p = 0.003).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The results of this study demonstrate that melatonin, by increasing total antioxidant capacity, and agomelatine, through enzymatic antioxidant pathways, contributed to the reduction of free radical levels in dogs. The present study revealed that administering agomelatine (0.3 mg/kg/day, p.o) could decrease MDA levels significantly after laparoscopic ovariectomy up to day 3.</p>","PeriodicalId":9041,"journal":{"name":"BMC Veterinary Research","volume":"21 1","pages":"224"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11956237/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143751033","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Molecular prevalence and genetic characterization of Enterocytozoon bieneusi in cattle in a dairy farm in Türkiye.","authors":"Tülay Öncü Öner, Hüseyin Can, Aysu Değirmenci Döşkaya, Mervenur Güvendi, Sedef Erkunt Alak, Ecem Sürgeç, Cemal Ün, Mert Döşkaya, Adnan Yüksel Gürüz, Muhammet Karakavuk","doi":"10.1186/s12917-025-04701-3","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12917-025-04701-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Microsporidia, which are unicellular and obligate intracellular eukaryotic pathogens, can infect many animal species and humans. Cattle are known to be an important source for the spread of Enterocytozoon bieneusi (E. bieneusi) to humans and animals. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate E. bieneusi in fecal samples collected from cattle and environmental samples within a dairy farm and to genotype E. bieneusi-positive samples. For this purpose, a Nested PCR targeting a region of the E. bieneusi ribosomal DNA internal transcribed spacer (ITS) was applied to the DNA samples extracted from fecal (n = 47) or environmental samples (n = 41). Later, sequencing data belonging to E. bieneusi-positive samples were analyzed by BLAST and phylogenetic analysis for genotyping.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Nested PCR screening detected 15 E. bieneusi-positive samples and among them six (12.8%; 6/47) were detected in fecal samples while nine (21.9%; 9/41) were detected in environmental samples (including drinking water containers, mangers, feeding bottle, milk heating tank and towel). When cattle were categorized by their age, the molecular prevalence of E. bieneusi for cattle < 2 months old was detected as 19.2% (5/26). However, in cattle group > 2 months old, the molecular prevalence of E. bieneusi was 10% (1/10). Surprisingly, remaining cattle > 2 years old (n = 11) were found to be E. bieneusi-negative. BLAST and phylogenetic analyses revealed type IV as well as 11 new genotypes designated as NG1 to NG11.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These findings point out that cattle and farms are important sources for the transmission of E. bieneusi spores to humans or animals.</p>","PeriodicalId":9041,"journal":{"name":"BMC Veterinary Research","volume":"21 1","pages":"229"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11956364/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143751030","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Potential impact of L-threonine and encapsulated butyric acid (ButiPEARL) on growth performance, serum biomarkers, intestinal histomorphometry and economic indices of Nile tilapia fingerlings.","authors":"Hadeer A Youssuf, Ahmed Shehab, Amira M Abd-El Hamed, Walaa S Raslan, Yasmeen Magdy, Mona Gamel Mohamed, Amgad Kadah, Aya F Matter","doi":"10.1186/s12917-025-04590-6","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12917-025-04590-6","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;Numerous immunostimulants have been incorporated as additives in aquaculture feed due to their potential to improve growth and improve immune function. The present study investigated the effects of dietary L-threonine and an encapsulated butyric acid (ButiPEARL) on several parameters related to Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus, specifically focusing on growth performance and immune response.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Materials and methods: &lt;/strong&gt;A total of 486 Nile tilapia fingerlings were divided into six experimental fish groups (n = 81). Each replicate consisted of 27 fish that were used, weighing approximately 15 ± 0.5 (g) and measuring 7 ± 0.5 (cm). The fish in the control group (G1) were fed a basal diet, while the fish in the other groups were fed experimental diets that included varying concentrations of butyric acid and L-threonine per kilogram of diet, as the second group (G2) fed on a basal diet supplemented with butyric acid 0.3 g/kg diet, the third group (G3) fed on a basal diet supplemented with L-threonine 0.24 g/kg diet, the fourth group (G4) fed on a basal diet supplemented with butyric 0.3 g/kg + L-threonine 0.24 g/kg diet, the fifth group (G5) fed on a basal diet supplemented with L-threonine 0.48 g/kg diet, and the sixth group (G6) fed on a basal diet supplemented with butyric 0.3 g/kg + L-threonine 0.48 g/kg. The feeding was done twice a day for 42 days, with the amount of food given being 5% of the fish's body weight. The water parameters were maintained at suitable levels.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;The supplementation of these feed additives, particularly the group of fish fed a diet containing 0.3 g/kg of encapsulated butyric acid (ButiPEARL) mixed with 0.48 g/kg of L-threonine, exhibited the highest values throughout the experiment. This supplementation significantly enhanced growth performance indicators (P &lt; 0.05), such as length gain, weight gain, weight gain rate (WGR), specific growth rate (SGR), and feed conversion ratio (FCR). Furthermore, it positively influenced immunological parameters (IgM, albumin, total protein in serum, and nitrous oxide in liver tissue), liver enzymes (ALT, AST in serum), antioxidants (superoxide dismutase and catalase) and malondialdehyde in liver), biochemical assays (plasma glucose concentrations), and digestive enzymes (lipase and amylase) in plasma (P &lt; 0.05). In terms of fish farm profitability, a higher net profit can be achieved by maximizing returns while minimizing costs. The histology and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis of the O. niloticus intestines revealed significant improvements in the length and width of intestinal villi (P &lt; 0.05).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Discussion and conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;The inclusion of L-threonine (0.48g/kg) and encapsulated butyric acid (ButiPEARL) (0.3g/kg) in fish diets can serve as safe, natural, and cost-effective feed additives. It is recommended to use a combined inclusion level of these additives to enhance gr","PeriodicalId":9041,"journal":{"name":"BMC Veterinary Research","volume":"21 1","pages":"222"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11956424/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143751031","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessing the knowledge and practices of smallholder pig farmers and associated risk factors for swine gastrointestinal disorders in Masindi district, Uganda.","authors":"Samuel Majalija, Gabriel Tumwine, Juliet Kiguli, Benard Owori, Robert Alex Isabirye, Peter Waiswa","doi":"10.1186/s12917-025-04667-2","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12917-025-04667-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Piggery production is a main income source for the rural poor in Uganda, where 1.3 million households own about 4.47 million pigs. Nonetheless, health challenges and lack of knowledge by the farmers affect the productivity and profits of the pig enterprises. Thus, this study determined the knowledge and practices among smallholder pig farmers and the associated risk factors for pig gastrointestinal disorders in Masindi district, Uganda.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cross-sectional survey was conducted using a closed-end questionnaire interview of 170 smallholder pig farmers in the rural district of Masindi, from March to July 2020. The qualitative data was analyzed and presented as frequencies, percentages, and their 95% confidence intervals. Bivariate and multi-variate analysis were used to determine factors associated with GIT disorders.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the 170 farmers, males and females were equal (50%), mostly as pig owners (91.2%), rural folks (88.8%), who raised other animal species (72.9%) and with 5-10 years (72.4%) of experience. Of these, 67.6% were married, mainly in age ranges of groups 19-50 (90.6%) and 47.6% had attained primary school level. Pig rearing was for income generation (95.5%) and 79.4% reported GIT disorders on their farms, affecting local breeds (57.0%) of all age groups and throughout the year. Similarly, most of the farmers understood transmission routes of GIT disorders and adhered to biosecurity practices. However, 62.9% treated the sick pigs, 40.6% sold the sick pigs and only 25.9% consulted a veterinarian. At multivariable logistic regression analysis, being a female farmer (p = 0.018, OR = 3.163, CI: 1.213, 8.244); mixing of different herds of pigs (p = 0.003, aOR = 4.141, 95%CI (1.317,13.013); feeding pigs on raw tubers (p = 0.017, aOR = 2.703, 95% CI (1.198,6.099) and scavenging (p < 0.001, aOR = 9.605, 95% CI (2.131,43.289) were significantly associated with GIT disorders.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Poor husbandry practices especially feeding on raw tubers, scavenging and mixing of different herds of pigs were associated with widespread pig GIT disorders. Involving women in strategies to improve pig GIT health as equal partners is suggested. Farmers are encouraged to adopt confinement and housing of pigs as the minimum good husbandry practices for sustainable pig production.</p>","PeriodicalId":9041,"journal":{"name":"BMC Veterinary Research","volume":"21 1","pages":"228"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11956471/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143750998","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Epidemiology of wild animal rabies in Namibia from 2001 to 2019: implications for controlling the infection in domestic animals.","authors":"Oscar Madzingira, Emmanuel Hikufe Hikufe, Charles Byaruhanga, Michael Sinvula Lukubwe, Simbarashe Chinyoka, Evelyn Nanjeke Mwenda, Esther Mariana Muradzikwa","doi":"10.1186/s12917-025-04692-1","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12917-025-04692-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Rabies is an acute, fatal zoonosis of mammals that is endemic in Namibia. Wild animals have been implicated as reservoirs of the infection around the world. In this retrospective study, passive surveillance data (2001-2019) for wild animal rabies in Namibia were retrieved from the Directorate of Veterinary Services and analysed. The number, spatiotemporal epidemiology, and clinical presentation of rabies cases were assessed and compared among animal species, land use systems and regions.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The overall positive rate was 64.8% (1059/1635). Rabies infected 33 out of 52 wild animal species tested. The majority of cases were in Greater Kudu (Tragelaphus strepsiceros) (71.3%, n = 755/1059), followed by the black-backed jackal (Canis mesomelas) (17.1%, 181/1059), eland (Taurotragus oryx) (5.1%, 54/1059), and 30 other wild animal species with low infection rates. Most positive cases (72.8%, 771/1059), and infected wild animal species (n = 26) were from commercial farms. Rabies cases were clustered in the central-western regions of the country (Otjozondjupa, n = 373; Khomas, n = 210; Erongo, n = 123; Omaheke, n = 105; and Kunene, n = 154). Local Moran analysis revealed that the Otjozondjupa region was a significant high-risk cluster of rabies (p = 0.0096). The global Moran's I analysis by Monte Carlo permutations confirmed significant positive spatial autocorrelation of overall rabies cases from wild animal species in Namibia (Moran's I = 0.13; p = 0.042). Rabid animals presented the typical clinical signs of rabies. Jackals were responsible for most human and domestic animal bites (80%, 76/95). The number of rabies cases fluctuated over the years, but a clear decline was apparent from 2014 to 2019. The aggregated rabies cases were higher from January to June and lower from July to December.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The results of this study confirm that rabies affects various wild animal species in Namibia, which may act as reservoirs of infection and hinder the control and elimination of dog-mediated rabies. A multi-sector One Health approach towards rabies control anchored on pet vaccination is recommended at Namibia's human-wildlife-livestock interfaces. Innovative strategies for controlling kudu and jackal rabies are required to reduce incidence in the wild.</p>","PeriodicalId":9041,"journal":{"name":"BMC Veterinary Research","volume":"21 1","pages":"227"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11956330/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143751014","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Combined modulatory effects of dietary arginine and olive leaf phenolic extract on growth performance and immune functions of broiler chickens, and meat antioxidant potential during frozen storage.","authors":"Ahmed Alfifi, Marwa I Abd El-Hamid, Sherief M Abdel-Raheem, H S Al-Khalaifah, Wessam Youssef, Samah S Khalil, Afaf Al-Nasser, Eman Elkhawaga, Eman Mahmoud Elmehrath, Arwa H Nassar, Gamilat A Elsaid, Amal S A El Oksh, Doaa Ibrahim","doi":"10.1186/s12917-025-04663-6","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12917-025-04663-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Nowadays, broilers reared in intensive farming become more susceptible to oxidative stress, which impairs their performance and the quality of their products. Arginine (G) is a crucial amino acid for chickens and feeding on arginine beyond the recommended levels has been shown to positively impact the growth performance of broiler chickens and their immunity. Olive leaves phenolic extract (OLE) is a natural source of powerful antioxidants. The current study aimed to investigate the combined efficacy of these functional feed additives (G + OLE) in enhancing broilers' growth performance, immunity, and muscle development, as well as potentiating meat quality and antioxidant capacity during freezing.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Broilers (n = 250) were randomly assigned into control (without supplementations) and four groups fed control diets plus 1.5 g/kg arginine alone (G) or with three different levels of OLE; 0.25%, 0.5% and 1% (G + OLEǀ, G + OLEǀǀǀ and G + OLEǀǀǀ, respectively).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>During whole rearing periods, G + OLE inclusion boosted efficacy on body weight gain, and feed conversion ratio in a dose-dependent manner. The postmortem pH values at 0.5, and 24 h, drip loss, and cooking loss % of meat were considerably minimized in G + OLE-supplied groups, especially at high levels. Even after 4 weeks of frozen storage, G + OLEǀǀǀ, G + OLEǀǀ groups exhibited the most prominent increase in the breast meat scavenging ability for free radicals (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl, 2,2'-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid, and ferric reducing antioxidant power) with an inverse minimization in lipid peroxidation attributes (malondialdehyde). Total flavonoid, and phenolic contents, total antioxidant capacity, and antioxidant enzymes' activities in the breast meat were significantly improved by increasing the concentrations of dietary G + OLE. Concordantly, upregulation of genes encoding immunity (immunoglobulins A, G and M), antioxidant enzymes (catalase, superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, peroxiredoxin-1, heme oxygenase-1, NAD(P)H dehydrogenase quinone 1, xanthine oxidoreductase, and heme oxygenase 1), and muscle development (myogenic determination factor, myogenin and mammalian target of rapamycin), and downregulation of myostatin, were remarkably recognized in G + OLE-supplied groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The outcomes of the current study supported the usage of dietary G + OLE as an innovative feed supplement in the broilers industry to improve broilers` production, and meat quality during frozen storage.</p>","PeriodicalId":9041,"journal":{"name":"BMC Veterinary Research","volume":"21 1","pages":"226"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11956227/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143751011","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Text mining and topic modeling insights on fish welfare and antimicrobial use in aquaculture.","authors":"Annalisa Previti, Vito Biondi, Federica Bruno, Germano Castelli, Michela Pugliese, Fabrizio Vitale, Barbara Padalino, Annamaria Passantino","doi":"10.1186/s12917-025-04544-y","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12917-025-04544-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Antimicrobial use (AMU) and antibiotic resistance (AR) in aquaculture present growing concerns for public health. Furthermore, there exists a correlation between fishes' welfare and AMU. This systematic review aims to analyze the scientific literature on fishes' welfare and AMU/AR over the last 32 years, identifing the main research topics, and the fields where investigation has been imitated. A comprehensive search was conducted using Scopus, employing specific keywords related to AMU/AR and welfare and preselected filters. The study employed a systematic approach following the PRISMA guidelines, and machine learning techniques were used. From 2,019 records retrieved, only those focused-on fishes welfare and AMU/AR were retained. Ultimately, 185 records showing a connection between these topics were included in the qualitative analysis. Text mining analysis revealed terms with the highest weighted frequency in the data corpus, while topic analysis identified the top five core areas: Topic 1 (Antibiotic resistance and strain genetic isolation), Topic 2 (Aquaculture and Human Health, environment, and food), Topic 3 (Fish response to stress and indicators), Topic 4 (Control of water and fish growth), and Topic 5 (Aquaculture research and current farming methods). The results indicate a growing interest in fish welfare and AMU/AR, while also highlighting areas that require further investigation, such as the link between these research fields. Improving fish welfare can reduce AR, aligning with the One Health policy.</p>","PeriodicalId":9041,"journal":{"name":"BMC Veterinary Research","volume":"21 1","pages":"225"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11956193/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143751032","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evidence-based guidelines for the post-fire assessment of domestic ruminants: a scoping review.","authors":"Claudia L Cardoso, Catherine E May, Rhoda Leask","doi":"10.1186/s12917-025-04666-3","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12917-025-04666-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Wildfires globally impact farmers, with risk expected to rise in the next thirty years. Beyond fatalities, wildfires impair the reproductive capabilities of surviving livestock due to smoke exposure. Effective interventions require considering animal welfare, prognosis, and costs. Enhanced clinical assessment is crucial. There is a paucity of data concerning decision-making processes regarding burn injuries in livestock. This study establishes evidence-based guidelines for wildfire-affected ruminants in field settings. The goal is categorizing scientific evidence to create prognostic guidelines. English and Spanish publications from Web of Science, Medline, and Google Scholar were searched using keywords related to burn injuries, disaster management, and animal welfare. A research matrix was populated based on inclusion criteria and evidence strength, leading to the development of visual triage guidelines for sheep and cattle. Most evidence comprises case reports (expert opinion) and observational trials. Ovine controlled trials in the 80 s and 90 s significantly advanced burn injury understanding in humans and animals. Key clinical factors determining burn severity include burn extent and depth, anatomic location, and smoke inhalation. Core non-clinical factors implicated in decision-making include feed, water, and shelter, amongst others. Animal categorization by burn severity creates a model for prioritising resources towards animals with the best recovery chances, protecting animal welfare.</p>","PeriodicalId":9041,"journal":{"name":"BMC Veterinary Research","volume":"21 1","pages":"223"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11956198/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143751016","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}