BMC Veterinary Research最新文献

{"title":"Single‑dose levamisole at breeding alters early pregnancy immune-endocrine profiles without affecting fertility in ewes.","authors":"Ali Rişvanlı, Abdugani Abdurasulov Kholmurzaevich, Kursantbek Attokurov Sharabidinovich, Pirimkul Mamatkalykov Mamatkalykovych, Aiturgan Duyshobayeva, Elmurat Obdunov, Burak F Yuksel, Mert Turanlı, Ibrahim Seker, Timur Eshimbekov, Rosa Abdyldaeva Tynaibekovna","doi":"10.1186/s12917-025-04984-6","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12917-025-04984-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Reproductive efficiency in sheep is influenced by complex interactions between the endocrine and immune systems, particularly during early pregnancy. Immunomodulators such as levamisole are known to enhance immune responses and have been investigated for their potential to improve reproductive outcomes in various animal species. However, the effects of levamisole administered at the time of breeding on both pregnancy rates and key immunoendocrine markers in ewes remain unclear. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of levamisole, administered at varying doses during breeding, on pregnancy rates and selected immune and endocrine parameters in ewes. A total of 30 ewes were randomly assigned to three groups (n = 10 each): a control group received subcutaneous saline; the second group received levamisole at 2.5 mg/kg; and the third group received 7.5 mg/kg, all administered at the time of breeding. Blood samples were collected on days 0, 10, and 20 post-breeding. Levels of IFN-γ, IL-2, TNF-α, progesterone, activin A, activin B, follistatin, and total immunoglobulin (Ig) were measured using commercial ELISA kits.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Pregnancy rates did not differ statistically between the groups (p > 0.05). However, on day 10, pregnant ewes in the 2.5 mg/kg group showed significantly higher activin A levels (p < 0.05). Activin B levels were elevated in pregnant ewes in both the control group (day 10) and the 7.5 mg/kg group (day 20) (p < 0.05). Follistatin levels were higher on day 10 in pregnant control animals (p < 0.05). IFN-γ and IL-2 levels increased in pregnant animals, particularly in control and 7.5 mg/kg groups, respectively. Progesterone levels peaked on day 10 in all groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>While the measured immune and endocrine parameters varied, these changes did not impact the pregnancy rates.</p>","PeriodicalId":9041,"journal":{"name":"BMC Veterinary Research","volume":"21 1","pages":"546"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12465500/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145147893","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analysis of antibiotic use, biosecurity and mortality in semi-intensive broiler farms in Kenya.","authors":"Naomi P Kemunto, Dishon M Muloi, Eugine L Ibayi, Jane K Njaramba, Vivian Hoffmann, Mike Murphy, Søren S Nielsen, Arshnee Moodley","doi":"10.1186/s12917-025-04948-w","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12917-025-04948-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The indiscriminate use of antibiotics in food-producing animals contributes to antimicrobial resistance (AMR), posing a global threat. Understanding the factors associated with antibiotic use is critical to combat resistance while maintaining animal health. This study examined antibiotic use practices, mortality rates, biosecurity levels, as well as the associations between biosecurity and antibiotic use, and between biosecurity and mortality, in semi-intensive broiler farms in Kenya.The study was conducted in 129 semi-intensive farms with total flock sizes between 200 and 2000 birds across three peri-urban counties in Kenya. Data were collected prospectively over one production cycle, with farms visited biweekly using questionnaires and a drug bin approach. Biosecurity levels were assessed by a panel of experts who weighted scores for various external and internal biosecurity subcategories. Directed acyclic graphs (DAG) described potential relationships between explanatory variables, confounders and outcome. Logistic regression analysis was conducted with antibiotic use as the outcome variable. Explanatory variables with P < 0.25 in the univariable logistic regression were included in the multivariable regression. Similarly, linear regression was conducted using mortality as the outcome.Overall, 72% of farms used antibiotics, primarily for prophylaxis (66%), with erythromycin and oxytetracycline being the most commonly used antibiotics. The median mortality rate across the production cycle was 6%. There was no significant difference in mortality between farms using antibiotics and those not using antibiotics. Biosecurity practices were low, with a median biosecurity score of 14.3/67.9. Univariable screening suggested potential associations between antibiotic use and vaccination of day-old chicks, flock size, cleaning protocol for chicken drinkers, resting period between batches, feed store cleaning, water source, distance from neighbouring farms, and age. However, these were not significant in multivariable logistic regression. Linear regression showed an association between mortality and biosecurity measures, specifically disease management and visitor entry regulation.This study highlights widespread antibiotic use, low biosecurity implementation, and variability in mortality rates in the farms surveyed. There is a gap in farmers' implementation of effective biosecurity measures and understanding of prudent antibiotic use. An urgent need exists to develop comprehensive data collection methodologies, education, and interventions to promote responsible antibiotic stewardship and cost-effective biosecurity practices among poultry farmers in Kenya.</p>","PeriodicalId":9041,"journal":{"name":"BMC Veterinary Research","volume":"21 1","pages":"541"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12462040/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145136407","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Understanding how veterinarians' knowledge, attitudes, and practices influence antibiotic prescription: a systematic review of survey studies.","authors":"Ana Sousa, Leonardo de Rago, Jacinta O Pinho, Marta Estrela, Ana Cláudia Coelho, Paula Alexandra Oliveira, Adolfo Figueiras, Fátima Roque, Maria Teresa Herdeiro","doi":"10.1186/s12917-025-05001-6","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12917-025-05001-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The misuse and/or overuse of antibiotics in animals has been a subject of concern due to the intensification of antimicrobial resistance (AMR). Veterinarians are at the front line of antibiotic prescription and their decision-making process is impacted by several non-clinical factors. The aim of this systematic review was to identify and understand how veterinarians' attitudes, knowledge, perceptions, and experience influence antibiotic prescription practices.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We systematically searched MEDLINE/PubMed, Web of Knowledge, and CAB International databases. Quantitative and mixed methods studies with veterinary graduates were included, with no time restrictions. Articles written in English, Spanish, and Portuguese were considered. Quality assessment was performed with JBI's cross-sectional critical appraisal tool.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Our search retrieved 4722 documents, with 59 being included. Articles' publication year ranged from 2004 to 2023, with most (n = 55) using a quantitative approach, and the remaining ones (n = 4) using mixed methods. Veterinary practices were categorized into four groups: livestock (n = 24), small animals (n = 14), equine (n = 5), and mixed practice (broader scope; n = 17). Intrinsic factors identified as potentially influencing veterinarians' antibiotic prescription included: socio-demographic factors (n = 39) and attitudes and concerns: self-confidence (n = 31); need to satisfy clients' expectations (n = 19); fear (n = 27); lack of knowledge (n = 21). Extrinsic factors were also identified in several studies: clients' lack of knowledge and/or training regarding AMR, appropriate antimicrobial use, and good production practices (n = 24); substandard hygiene conditions and biosecurity protocols (n = 14); time constraints (n = 4); cost of laboratory tests (n = 12); antibiotic policies and/or guidelines (n = 22); antibiotics cost (n = 20), and withdrawal period (n = 11); animal-related factors (n = 21), namely breeding and animals' behavior.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This systematic review provides an updated and comprehensive understanding of non-clinical factors that can influence veterinarians' antibiotic prescription practices. High client demand, self-confidence, need to satisfy clients' expectations, deficient biosecurity, fear, lack of awareness from animal owners and farmers about AMR and appropriate antimicrobial use, and inadequate policies/guidelines were associated with higher antibiotic prescription among veterinarians. Many of the identified factors are potentially modifiable. Within the One Health approach, this can help in the design of interventions focusing on appropriate antibiotic use in animals to tackle AMR.</p>","PeriodicalId":9041,"journal":{"name":"BMC Veterinary Research","volume":"21 1","pages":"543"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12462370/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145136538","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"PlyNJ3: a three-domain endolysin with broad-spectrum anti-streptococcal activity and synergistic efficacy against multidrug-resistant Streptococcus suis.","authors":"Jiaqi Zhao, Jingju Wang, Peizhao Han, Cai Yin, Shushu Gu, Hui Ji, Xiaoming Wang, Liping Wang, Jinhu Huang","doi":"10.1186/s12917-025-04975-7","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12917-025-04975-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The global spread of multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria prompts the exploration of innovative antimicrobial strategies. Phage lysins-peptidoglycan hydrolases known for species-specific activity and low resistance potential-offer promising alternatives to conventional antibiotics. However, their typically narrow spectrum limits broad therapeutic application. To overcome this limitation, we leveraged the wide distribution of streptococcal mobilizable prophage (SMphage) families across Streptococcus species as a strategy to discover lysins with inherent broad-spectrum potential. Within these conserved prophages, we expressed PlyNJ3, an SMphage-derived endolysin homolog identified in S. suis, and evaluated its therapeutic efficacy in infection models.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>PlyNJ3 exhibited potent lytic activity against a broad panel of streptococci, including diverse S. suis clinical isolates (15 serotypes), 83.3% of S. uberis, and key strains of S. agalactiae, S. dysgalactiae, and S. pyogenes. Optimal bacteriolytic activity occurred at physiological temperature (37 °C) with dose-dependent efficacy. Electron microscopy revealed PlyNJ3-mediated cell wall perforation, cytoplasmic content release, and structural disintegration. In a murine invasive S. suis infection model, high-dose intraperitoneal PlyNJ3 (0.9 mg/head) conferred 87.5% survival, while synergism with ampicillin prolonged survival. Intramuscular administration in a murine thigh infection model enhanced bacterial clearance compared to intraperitoneal delivery. Phylogenetic and structural analysis confirmed conservation across SMphage-derived lysins, underpinning their broad streptococcal target potential.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our findings establish SMphage-derived lysins as a conserved, therapeutically valuable class of antimicrobials with inherent broad-spectrum potential across diverse streptococcal pathogens. Building on the previously demonstrated in vivo efficacy of PlySK1249 against S. dysgalactiae and S. agalactiae, we show that its structural homolog, PlyNJ3, exhibits robust therapeutic activity against S. suis infections. Together, these results validate the SMphage lysin platform for generating precision-targeted agents against specific streptococcal infections.</p>","PeriodicalId":9041,"journal":{"name":"BMC Veterinary Research","volume":"21 1","pages":"540"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12462003/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145136560","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Midline vs. flank laparotomy- criteria for choosing the optimal surgical technique for uterine torsion correction in the mare.","authors":"Jan Samsel, Ozan Gündemir, Tomasz Szara, Maciej Witkowski","doi":"10.1186/s12917-025-04883-w","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12917-025-04883-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Uterine torsion in mares belongs to maternal pregnancy disorders, accounting for 5-10% of complications in the last trimester of pregnancy. Two surgical techniques for repositioning uterine torsion are used: flank laparotomy in local anesthesia on a standing mare (SFL) and midline laparotomy carried out under general anesthesia (MI). The study aims to present the exact protocol used by the authors to qualify a mare with uterine torsion for surgery using one of the above-mentioned methods.A total of 19 mares were operated on, of which 13 underwent midline laparotomy under general anesthesia, and the flank approach in a standing position operated on 7. Of the seven mares operated on in standing position under local anesthesia, six recovered and gave birth to healthy foals. In one of the operated mares by this approach, repositioning of the uterus was unsuccessful, and torsion was finally resolved after performing a laparotomy in the midline. Out of 13 operated mares in the midline (including the last-mentioned case), seven mares recovered and gave birth to normal foals. Another mare underwent c.s. because of the impossibility of twisted uterus reposition, but its outcome was good. 2 other mares with dead fetuses at admission underwent c.s. as well. One of them was in a critical general condition and died during surgery; the outcome of the other one was good. 3 following mares from this group aborted dead fetuses during the first week after the operation. One of them was euthanized after abortion, because of post-operative complications, the other two recovered without complications.Based on their own experience and available literature, the authors currently use the following key when selecting an appropriate surgical technique for uterine torsion repositioning in the mare:A mare of a balanced character promising approval of the procedure in sedation and local anesthesia with pregnancy up to 320 days with a living fetus and no apparent advanced circulatory changes within the uterine wall and/or broad ligament (diagnosed by rectal palpation and/or ultrasound examination) and no suspicion of comorbidities - flank approach in standing position (standing flank laparotomy SFL).Nervous, unpredictable mare, pregnancy over 320 days, dead fetus and/or severely compromised uterine wall, suspicion of concomitant abdominal problems - midline incision in general anesthesia (MI).</p>","PeriodicalId":9041,"journal":{"name":"BMC Veterinary Research","volume":"21 1","pages":"542"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12462257/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145136599","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enoxolone pharmacokinetics, tissue distribution, and residue depletion in largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides).","authors":"Chen Li, Xinnan Zhou, Yunshan Qiu, Lin Luo, Hongli Liu, Ping Ouyang, Yi Geng, Defang Chen, Xiaoli Huang","doi":"10.1186/s12917-025-04981-9","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12917-025-04981-9","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9041,"journal":{"name":"BMC Veterinary Research","volume":"21 1","pages":"545"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12461970/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145136577","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"First report on isolation of Listeria ivanovii from a cat.","authors":"Dorota Chrobak-Chmiel, Magdalena Kizerwetter-Świda, Ewelina Kwiecień, Ilona Stefańska, Rafał Sapierzyński, Rafał Nejfeld, Dorota Żabicka, Małgorzata Dziekiewicz-Mrugasiewicz, Magdalena Rzewuska","doi":"10.1186/s12917-025-05007-0","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12917-025-05007-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Several Listeria species cause listeriosis. Listeria monocytogenes is responsible for the majority of clinical cases in animals. A less frequently isolated species is Listeria ivanovii, which causes infections mainly in ruminants, most often associated with reproductive disorders, such as abortions, stillbirths, or neonatal mortality. Sporadic infections with this microorganism have been described in other animal species; however, no literature data, to our knowledge, describe the infection of L. ivanovii in cats.</p><p><strong>Case presentation: </strong>L. ivanovii was isolated from tissue samples collected from a kitten with symptoms of acute catarrhal gastroenteritis. Fragments of the liver, spleen, kidneys, and small intestine were collected post-mortem for microbiological examination. The isolated microorganism was identified as L. ivanovii based on its phenotypic properties and 16 S rRNA sequencing. The identification of subspecies L. ivanovii subsp. ivanovii was performed by comparative analysis of the sigB gene sequences.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Listeria ivanovii, which is more commonly known as a ruminant pathogen, can also cause severe infections in cats. This is, to our knowledge, the first report on the isolation of this microorganism from internal organs in a cat. This finding underscores the importance of careful interpretation of isolation results when uncommon pathogens are involved, particularly in host species where their pathogenicity has not been previously documented.</p>","PeriodicalId":9041,"journal":{"name":"BMC Veterinary Research","volume":"21 1","pages":"544"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12461990/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145136582","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Climate change and the emergence of Rift Valley fever virus: a pathological and environmental study of sheep jaundice in Egyptian slaughterhouses.","authors":"Ashraf Kassem, Marwa S Khattab, Elshaimaa Ismael, Aya M Yassin, Dalia Hamza, Ahmed H Osman","doi":"10.1186/s12917-025-05022-1","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12917-025-05022-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The emergence of Rift Valley Fever Virus (RVFV) and its link to sheep jaundice in Egypt highlights the growing impact of climate change on the epidemiology of vector-borne diseases. Shifting climatic patterns, such as rising temperatures and altered rainfall, have expanded mosquito habitats, enhancing RVFV transmission risks. These environmental shifts create ideal breeding conditions for the mosquitoes, increasing virus's transmission risk to both livestock and humans. Jaundice, a severe symptom resulting from RVFV infection, not only threatens livestock health but also poses significant economic challenges for farmers who rely heavily on their animals.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>A descriptive case series study was performed to assess the impact of climate change on the total condemned sheep due to jaundice at Al-Basatin automated slaughterhouse. A total of 100 animals were examined from June to December 2024. Nineteen cases of jaundice were investigated to determine the cause. Gross examinations, histopathology, and immunohistochemical studies of caspase-3 and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα), were conducted on various organs of jaundice affected cases. Frozen tissue samples were processed for molecular detection of RVFV, and determination of gene expression of heat shock 70KDa protein 1 A (HSP70) and bradykinin receptor B1 (BDKRB1). Malondialdehyde (MDA) and reduced glutathione (GSH), were analyzed to evaluate oxidative stress.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Gross examination of liver, kidneys, heart, and lungs of 19 jaundice affected sheep showed various lesions. Histopathological changes in 16 cases were indicative of RVF infection, while 3 cases were of unknown jaundice cause. RVF infection elevated immunoexpression of caspase-3 and TNFα. The presence of RVFV was confirmed in liver and kidney tissues. A significant correlation (p < 0.01) was observed between the occurrence of jaundice in sheep and extreme (THI > 25.6) to severe heat stress (HS) (THI = 23.2 to < 25.6). During the hot summer months, there was an increase in MDA, HSP70, and BDKRB1, and reduced GSH in liver and kidney.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study demonstrates a direct connection between climate change and the occurrence of RFV infection and jaundice in sheep. This relationship is likely linked to increased oxidative stress biomarkers in sheep and a weakened antioxidant defense system. These factors contribute to HS, triggering histopathological changes across all vital organs.</p>","PeriodicalId":9041,"journal":{"name":"BMC Veterinary Research","volume":"21 1","pages":"539"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12442287/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145079731","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of a modified one-stage technique for repair of third-degree perineal laceration and rectovestibular fistula with rectal pull-back technique in 12 mares: a retrospective case series.","authors":"Ahmed Sharshar, Amal Hammad, Mohamed Salem, Mohamed El-Sunsafty","doi":"10.1186/s12917-025-04824-7","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12917-025-04824-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>This study was carried out to evaluate a rectal pull-back one-stage technique, which is a modification of the one-stage Goetz technique, for treating third-degree perineal laceration or rectovestibular fistula.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>This study was performed on 12 mares, ten of whom suffered from third-grade perineal laceration, and two suffered from rectovestibular fistula and were included in this study. After incision of the vestibular shelf horizontally, the dissected rectal flap was pulled caudally and sutured to the anal sphincter during its reconstruction at the final stage. While the vestibular shelf/vaginal flap was reconstructed using size 2 polyglactin 910 suture material in six-bite suture pattern. Post-oparative follow up included monitoring the wound healing and recording the complications.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Neither necrosis of the rectovestibular shelf nor formation of rectovestibular fistula has been recorded. Two mares showed partial dehiscence of the perineal body and one had partial dehiscence of anal sphincter which healed successfully.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Rectal pull-back technique can be a good alternative for the treatment of third-grade perineal laceration and rectovestibular fistula in mares.</p>","PeriodicalId":9041,"journal":{"name":"BMC Veterinary Research","volume":"21 1","pages":"538"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12442302/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145079709","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Automated brain extraction for canine magnetic resonance images.","authors":"Gloria D Lesta, Thomas M Deserno, Samira Abani, Jörg Janisch, Alexej Hänsch, Merlin Laue, Stefanie Winzer, Peter J Dickinson, Steven De Decker, Rodrigo Gutierrez-Quintana, Aleksandr Subbotin, Kseniia Bocharova, Ehren McLarty, Laura Lemke, Adriano Wang-Leandro, Franziska Spohn, Holger A Volk, Jasmin N Nessler","doi":"10.1186/s12917-025-05003-4","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12917-025-05003-4","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9041,"journal":{"name":"BMC Veterinary Research","volume":"21 1","pages":"537"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12439411/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145069081","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}