BMC Veterinary Research最新文献

{"title":"Immune parameters monitored during the production period of laying hens managed with or without single-dose vaccination against erysipelas.","authors":"Eva Wattrang, Katarina Näslund, Lena-Mari Tamminen, Robert Söderlund, Tina Sørensen Dalgaard, Désirée S Jansson, Helena Eriksson","doi":"10.1186/s12917-026-05512-w","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12917-026-05512-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Erysipelas, caused by infection with Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae (ER), is an emerging disease in non-cage housed laying hens. According to Swedish field experience outbreaks seem more common in older flocks and may also occur in flocks vaccinated against erysipelas. This cross-sectional study aimed to assess single-dose vaccination outcome in laying hens with respect to antibody titres to ER and to monitor selected immune parameters to identify putative risk factors for erysipelas. Blood samples were collected from laying hen flocks at 30, 50 and 75 weeks of age. At each time point, 5 unvaccinated flocks and 5 flocks that had been vaccinated against erysipelas once at placement were sampled (20 hens/flock, total n=600).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The results showed that the majority of hens were positive for IgY to ER and that the antibody titres were higher in older hens irrespective of vaccination status. Vaccinated hens had significantly higher IgY titres to ER compared to those of unvaccinated hens. This difference was most prominent for the youngest age category. Among the different leukocyte populations studied, blood heterophil, monocyte and γ/δTCR+ T-cell counts were significantly higher in younger hens. Also, serum MBL-levels were significantly higher in younger hens and MBL-levels were positively correlated to heterophil and monocyte counts at the individual level.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Taken together, results indicate that ER or antigenically similar bacteria are common in the hen environment and that this exposure results in antibodies recognising ER that are present at higher levels in older laying hens. In addition, a higher general pathogen load/level of subclinical infections was indicated by altered leukogram patterns and increased MBL-levels in the youngest age category. Nonetheless, among the parameters studied we found no evidence to suggest that antibody responses to single-dose vaccination should fail or why older flocks seem more susceptible to erysipelas outbreaks.</p>","PeriodicalId":9041,"journal":{"name":"BMC Veterinary Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13137716/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147811063","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"TNF-α and IL-10 differentially modulate apoptosis during PRRSV-1 infection of bone marrow-derived dendritic cells.","authors":"Yanli Li, Enric Mateu","doi":"10.1186/s12917-026-05508-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12917-026-05508-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) modulates host immune responses, including apoptotic pathways, during infection. This study examined the role of TNF-α and IL-10 in regulating apoptosis during PRRSV-1 infection of bone marrow-derived dendritic cells (BMDCs), using four isolates with distinct cytokine profiles: 3262 (TNF-α⁺/IL-10⁺), 3249 (TNF-α⁺/IL-10^-), 2988 (TNF-α^-/IL-10⁺), and 3267 (TNF-α^-/IL-10^-). Early after infection (≤ 24 hpi), infected cells were predominantly non-apoptotic; by 48 hpi, apoptotic bystander cells increased markedly, consistent with a bystander apoptotic process. Neutralizing TNF-α in TNF-α-inducing isolates (3262, 3249) increased the proportion of infected cells and reduced bystander apoptosis, suggesting an antiviral role for TNF-α at the cellular level. In contrast, IL-10 blockade in IL-10-inducing isolates (3262, 2988) increased non-apoptotic infected cells without altering overall infection frequency, suggesting IL-10 modulates apoptotic progression in infected cells. Collectively, these data indicate that TNF-α and IL-10 differentially modulate apoptotic outcomes during PRRSV-1 infection in an isolate-dependent manner.</p>","PeriodicalId":9041,"journal":{"name":"BMC Veterinary Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147811109","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Complex inguinal herniation containing a gravid uterus in a bitch - successful surgery and neonatal survival: a case report.","authors":"Melchior Matyaszczyk, Natalia Sowińska, Marta Piątek, Szymon Kotwica","doi":"10.1186/s12917-026-05527-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12917-026-05527-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Inguinal herniation containing a gravid uterus, also referred to as inguinal gravid hysterocele (IGH), is an uncommon clinical condition in dogs characterized by protrusion of the pregnant uterus through the inguinal canal. Only a few cases have been documented, and most were diagnosed in early gestation or following complications such as fetal death. To our knowledge, reports of IGH diagnosed close to term and successfully managed surgically, resulting in live offspring, are limited.</p><p><strong>Case presentation: </strong>A 7-year-old, 16 kg, intact mixed-breed female dog presented with a large, non-painful inguinal mass. Diagnostic imaging revealed a left-sided inguinal hernia containing the uterus with two viable fetuses, intestinal loops, and the spleen. Ultrasonographic biometry suggested day 55 of gestation, consistent with advanced pregnancy. Physical examination and hematological and biochemical parameters were within reference ranges. Based on stable clinical findings and fetal viability assessment, a cesarean section combined with herniorrhaphy and simultaneous ovariohysterectomy was scheduled two days later. Both fetuses were delivered alive and initially showed good vitality. Postoperative recovery of the dam was uneventful, with no recurrence of herniation. One neonate died at 14 days postpartum, whereas the second survived and was successfully weaned.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This case highlights the importance of thorough diagnostic evaluation and strategic surgical planning in managing IGH. This represents one of the few reported cases of IGH diagnosed at a late stage of gestation and managed at term without prior surgical correction, demonstrating that favorable maternal and neonatal outcomes are achievable with timely intervention.</p>","PeriodicalId":9041,"journal":{"name":"BMC Veterinary Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147811044","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pigeons as overlooked vectors: investigating Campylobacter carriage across different management systems.","authors":"Aleksandra Kobuszewska, Paulina Przyborowska, Beata Wysok","doi":"10.1186/s12917-026-05479-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12917-026-05479-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Campylobacter spp. are among the leading bacterial pathogens responsible for foodborne illness worldwide, yet the role of pigeons as reservoirs remains insufficiently investigated compared with poultry and livestock.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In this study, we examined 450 pigeons from three distinct groups-backyard, racing, and ornamental flocks-to assess the prevalence, virulence gene repertoire, genotypic diversity, and antimicrobial resistance (AMR) of Campylobacter isolates. The overall prevalence reached 29.1%, with the highest rates observed in backyard pigeons (37.3%), followed by racing (28.7%) and ornamental (21.3%) birds. Species identification revealed that C. jejuni predominated (85.5%), while C. coli accounted for 14.5% of isolates. Virulence genes were widely distributed, with universal presence of flaA, high frequencies of adhesion and invasion markers (cadF, ciaB), and the complete cdtABC cluster in 72.5% of isolates, whereas GBS-associated genes were less frequent. Sequencing of the flaA-SVR region revealed 48 alleles, several of which were previously associated with wild birds, livestock, or poultry, demonstrating genetic overlap across ecological compartments. Antimicrobial resistance was widespread, with tetracycline (64.1%) and fluoroquinolone resistance (ciprofloxacin 54.2%, erythromycin 49.6%) being most common, and gentamicin resistance remaining less frequent (14.5%). Multidrug resistance (MDR) was detected in 22.1% of isolates, with backyard pigeons harbouring the greatest proportion of MDR strains.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These findings indicate that pigeons maintain genetically diverse and virulent Campylobacter populations with relevant AMR profiles. The high prevalence of these pathogens in pigeons, often exceeding that reported in wild birds, combined with pigeons' close contact with humans and domestic animals, underscores their role as an important yet underappreciated reservoir in the epidemiology of campylobacteriosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":9041,"journal":{"name":"BMC Veterinary Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147811077","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Qualitative and flow cytometric evaluations of goat's frozen semen in Mito-TEMPO supplemented plant-based extender.","authors":"Fatemeh Zarei, Nader Asadzadeh, Hassan Khamisabadi, Hoda Javaheri Barfourooshi, Ali Hatefi, Reza Masoudi, Mohsen Sharafi","doi":"10.1186/s12917-026-05524-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12917-026-05524-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Cryopreservation of buck spermatozoa is an efficient strategy to improve qualified sperm cells for artificial insemination; however, this process potentially decreases the qualitative characteristics of post-thawed sperm. Therefore, this research aimed to evaluate the influence of the mitochondria-targeted antioxidant \"Mito-TEMPO\" on buck sperm quality during the cryopreservation process in a plant-based extender.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>This study indicated that the dosages 10 and 100 µM Mito-TEMPO presented higher (P ≤ 0.05) percentages of total motility, progressive motility, membrane integrity, mitochondrial activity, acrosome integrity, and viability while showing lower (P ≤ 0.05) late apoptosis, DNA fragmentation, reactive oxygen species (ROS) concentration, and lipid peroxidation compared to the control group. Different treatments of Mito-TEMPO indicated no effect (P > 0.05) on sperm cells with abnormal morphology.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>It can be concluded that this mitochondria-targeted antioxidant may be able to preserve the qualitative parameters in the post-thawed buck spermatozoa.</p>","PeriodicalId":9041,"journal":{"name":"BMC Veterinary Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147811075","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Beyond cortisol: evaluating serotonin, brain-derived neurotrophic factor, and oxytocin as indicators of equine welfare across three training regimens.","authors":"Maciej Kacprzyk, Dawid Tobolski, Paula Kiełbik, Jowita Grzędzicka-Agko, Dominika Milczek-Haduch, Elżbieta Stefanik, Izabela Dąbrowska, Bartosz Pawliński, Marcin Gołębiewski, Olga Witkowska-Piłaszewicz","doi":"10.1186/s12917-026-05507-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12917-026-05507-7","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9041,"journal":{"name":"BMC Veterinary Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147811092","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A multi-marker NMR metabolomics signature for the superior detection of chronic and acute systemic inflammation in dogs: a comparative study with C-reactive protein.","authors":"Claudia Elo, Mirja Kaimio, Essi Leminen, Hannes Lohi","doi":"10.1186/s12917-026-05426-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12917-026-05426-7","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9041,"journal":{"name":"BMC Veterinary Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147811089","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Respiratory microbiota dynamics in piglets under nanotechnology-based and conventional vaccination protocols against Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae.","authors":"Luís Guilherme de Oliveira, Marina Lopes Mechler-Dreibi, Gabriel Yuri Storino, Fernando Antonio Moreira Petri, Márcia Carvalho Abreu Fantini, Tereza Silva Martins","doi":"10.1186/s12917-026-05458-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12917-026-05458-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae is a key pathogen in porcine enzootic pneumonia (PEP) and plays an important role in the porcine respiratory disease complex (PRDC). Understanding how vaccination strategies relate to the respiratory microbiota in piglets may provide insights into host-microbiota interactions and vaccine performance. This study evaluated the temporal dynamics of the respiratory microbiota in piglets subjected to different vaccination protocols, including a nanotechnology-based oral vaccine formulated with mesoporous silica (SBA-15), alone or combined with a commercial vaccine, on the respiratory microbiota of piglets. Forty-eight piglets from M. hyopneumoniae-free sows were divided into four experimental groups receiving different vaccination protocols: CV + SBA received the pure silica-based adjuvant (SBA-15) orally and a commercial vaccine at 24 days of life; OV3 + CV received an oral vaccine (OV) at 3 days and an intramuscular commercial vaccine at 24 days; CV received only the intramuscular commercial vaccine at 24 days; and OV + CV received both the oral and commercial vaccines at 24 days. Microbiota composition was assessed at 3, 41, and 71 days of life using 16S rRNA gene sequencing from nasal swabs and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF). Significant differences in nasal microbiota diversity were observed at early life stages. At D3, CV exhibited the highest diversity, while OV3 + CV had the lowest (Shannon index, p < 0.05 between CV and OV3 + CV). At D41, microbiota differences between groups had diminished, with only OV + CV showing higher richness compared with OV3 + CV (Chao1 index, p < 0.05). At D71, no significant differences were observed in overall diversity or bacterial composition among groups. As no treatment had been administered prior to sampling, these differences likely reflect baseline variability between groups. Additionally, no consistent associations were detected between microbiota diversity patterns and vaccination outcomes assessed by lung lesion scores and bacterial DNA load. These findings indicate that early-life differences in nasal microbiota were observed, but these were not sustained over time, and the respiratory microbiota converged toward a more stable community structure regardless of vaccination protocol.</p>","PeriodicalId":9041,"journal":{"name":"BMC Veterinary Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147761535","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Presence and shedding dynamics of Atypical Porcine Pestivirus (APPV) in semen of breeding boars: implications for virus transmission in pig production.","authors":"Anna Bergfeldt, Frida H Aae, Mette Myrmel, Birgit Ranheim, Maria Stokstad, Randi Sørby","doi":"10.1186/s12917-026-05514-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12917-026-05514-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Atypical porcine pestivirus (APPV), genus Pestivirus, is the causative agent of congenital tremor type A-II, a neurological disease in newborn piglets that is characterized by tremors. Although the virus can spread horizontally, clinical disease is observed only after in utero infection. While venereal transmission has been proposed as a potential route, the pathogenesis and transmission dynamics of APPV remain incompletely understood. In this study, we aimed to investigate the presence of APPV in semen from Norwegian breeding boars, its temporal shedding patterns, and the potential impact of APPV on semen producing organs.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>An initial screening of 110 breeding boars revealed that 50.9% (56/110) were APPV-positive in semen, as determined by reverse transcription quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR). The virus load in semen was highly variable, with concentrations up to 4.0 × 10^6 genomic copies (GC)/mL. Extended sampling of a smaller subset of APPV-positive boars (n = 19) revealed that virus shedding in semen typically persisted for less than 3 months, although intermittent shedding for up to 7 months was observed in one boar. At slaughter, the virus was detected in reproductive organs and accessory glands - even in boars with negative semen and serum samples - but it was not associated with histopathological lesions.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>As artificial insemination (AI) is widely used in all tiers of pig production, APPV-positive semen from breeding boars may represent an important source of virus transmission. To assess the viability of APPV in AI semen and clarify its potential role in transmission, further research, such as virus isolation for infectivity studies and experimental infections in naïve sows, are required.</p>","PeriodicalId":9041,"journal":{"name":"BMC Veterinary Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147761466","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A comparative study of fluoroscopy-guided closed reduction with 3D-printed guide-assisted cannulated screw fixation versus open surgery with a lag screw fixation in 32 cats with sacroiliac luxation-fracture.","authors":"Kamil Serdar İnal, Can Nacar, Elif Bağatır Kurban, Taylan Önyay","doi":"10.1186/s12917-026-05497-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12917-026-05497-6","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9041,"journal":{"name":"BMC Veterinary Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147761283","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}