BMC Public Health最新文献

{"title":"Bridging the gap: exploring students' needs, knowledge, and preferences for delivering comprehensive sexuality education in Sierra Leone.","authors":"Regina Mamidy Yillah, Rajeeb Kumar Sah, Anais Bash-Taqi, Augustus Osborne","doi":"10.1186/s12889-025-21866-6","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12889-025-21866-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Sierra Leone, like many developing countries, faces challenges in providing comprehensive sexuality education to its students. Despite the growing recognition of the importance of comprehensive sexuality education in promoting sexual health and well-being, there is a lack of standardised and accessible programs in many parts of the country. This study examined the disconnect between students' needs (both perceived and real), their knowledge, and their preferences for delivering comprehensive sexuality education in Sierra Leone.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This qualitative study, which was part of a broader research initiative by the Institute for Development and funded by the UK Foreign Commonwealth Development Office, explored the delivery of comprehensive sexuality education in Sierra Leone. Using purposive sampling, the study engaged students, educators, school administrators, community leaders, and parents/guardians from 11 diverse schools across four provinces (Northern, Northwestern, Southern, and Western Area) in Sierra Leone. Data were collected through gender-separated focus group discussions and semi-structured interviews, conducted in schools and community settings, with protocols tailored to ensure cultural sensitivity and participant comfort. Thematic analysis was employed to identify patterns and themes related to students' comprehensive sexuality education knowledge, preferences, and contextual challenges.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Our study reveals a hostile educational environment, with reports of male teachers making inappropriate advances and harassing female students, creating unsafe learning conditions. Economic challenges force many rural students to relocate to urban areas, where financial instability drives them into relationships for survival, often exacerbated by parental encouragement for economic gain. Girls engaged in hawking face heightened risks of sexual abuse. Students demonstrate some knowledge of sexual and reproductive health, including family planning and contraceptives, but gaps remain, particularly in understanding puberty and menstrual health. Information sources are varied, including digital platforms, traditional media, and community figures, but often lack reliability. Preferences for comprehensive sexuality education delivery differ by gender and marginalised groups, with female students favouring confidential, female-led discussions, while male students seek structured, community-based approaches. Marginalised groups, including students with disabilities and pregnant students, emphasise the need for inclusive, non-judgemental support.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The findings underscore the need for safe, inclusive, and culturally sensitive comprehensive sexuality education in Sierra Leone. Addressing teacher harassment and creating safe learning environments are critical, alongside tackling economic vulnerabilities that push students into exploitative re","PeriodicalId":9039,"journal":{"name":"BMC Public Health","volume":"25 1","pages":"852"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11877898/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143540032","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Barriers and facilitators to seeking psychological support among healthcare professionals: a qualitative study using the Theoretical Domains Framework.","authors":"Sha Liu, Yinhuan Hu, Holger Pfaff, Xiaoyun Lei, Zhen Qi, Xiandong Feng","doi":"10.1186/s12889-025-21912-3","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12889-025-21912-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Despite facing significant mental health risks, healthcare professionals often demonstrate a low frequency of seeking psychological support. This study aimed to explore the factors influencing healthcare professionals' psychological help-seeking behaviours in order to enhance the mental health of this critical population.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Semi-structured interviews were conducted with registered clinical doctors, nurses, and hospital managers aged 21-55 years, recruited from comprehensive public hospitals in China. Participants were selected through purposive and snowball sampling to ensure diversity in roles, specialities, and work experiences. The interview guide was developed using the Theoretical Domains Framework (TDF) to explore the reasons for seeking psychological support. Data were analyzed using framework analysis and relevant domains were identified according to the frequency of participants' belief statements. The facilitators and barriers in each domain were summarized using the coded reference points.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 34 participants were interviewed (12 nurses, 8 physicians, 14 hospital managers). We identified seven relevant domains in influencing the behaviour of seeking psychological support: knowledge, beliefs about capabilities, environmental context and resources, social/professional role and identity, emotion, social influences, and behavioural regulation. The most common facilitators of psychological help-seeking include accessible resources, positive interpersonal relationships, increased awareness, effective behavioural strategies, and emotional acknowledgement, while barriers include privacy concerns, stigma, time constraints, doubts about the effectiveness of psychological services, limited knowledge, and perceived professional role conflicts.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The behaviour of healthcare professionals seeking psychological support is complex and influenced by the interaction of multiple factors. The findings highlight the need for targeted interventions that enhance mental health literacy, address stigma, provide accessible psychological support resources, and cultivate a supportive organisational culture to improve their well-being.</p>","PeriodicalId":9039,"journal":{"name":"BMC Public Health","volume":"25 1","pages":"848"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11877873/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143539859","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The burden of neonatal sepsis and its risk factors in Africa. a systematic review and meta-analysis.","authors":"Endalk Birrie Wondifraw, Muluken Amare Wudu, Birhanu Desu Tefera, Kindu Yinges Wondie","doi":"10.1186/s12889-025-22076-w","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12889-025-22076-w","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;Neonatal sepsis is a significant cause of newborn mortality in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Together, infections, complications of preterm birth, and intrapartum-related conditions contribute to nearly 90% of all neonatal deaths. Africa experiences high rates of neonatal deaths due to sepsis, with insufficient prevention efforts. Understanding the burden of neonatal sepsis is essential to reducing these deaths in the region. This study aims to estimate the pooled magnitude of neonatal sepsis and identify its associated risk factors in Africa.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Method: &lt;/strong&gt;For this study, we gathered data by searching various databases until August 20, 2024, including PubMed/MEDLINE, PubMed Central, Hinari, Google, Cochrane Library, African Journals Online, Web of Science, and Google Scholar. Full-text articles in English, both published and unpublished, from 2000 to 2024 were included. However, sources like citations without abstracts or full texts, unidentified reports, editorials, summaries of research, meta-analyses, and qualitative studies were not included in the study. We evaluated the quality of the selected papers using the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) critical appraisal checklist for observational studies. Data extraction was completed in Microsoft Excel, and analysis was conducted using STATA V.17 Statistical Software. We assessed study heterogeneity with the I&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; statistic and the Cochrane Q test. Publication bias was evaluated both visually through a funnel plot and statistically through Egger's regression and Begg's tests. Subgroup analyses were performed to identify sources of heterogeneity, and a sensitivity analysis was conducted to find any outlier studies.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Result: &lt;/strong&gt;This review includes 49 studies with 87,548 neonates. The overall magnitude of neonatal sepsis in Africa was found to be 40.98% (95% confidence interval (CI): 30.50% to 51.46%) P: 0.00. The study found that factors such as prolonged rupture of membranes (Odds ratio (OR) 4.11, 95% CI: 2.81-5.41) P: 0.00, a history of the urinary tract or sexually transmitted infections (OR 3.28, 95% CI: 1.97-4.58) P: 0.00, low birth weight (&lt; 2500 g) (OR 6.95, 95% CI: 3-10.89) P: 0.00, an Appearance, Pulse, Grimace, Activity, Respiration (APGAR) score below 7 at the first minute (OR 7.56, 95% CI: 3.39-11.73) P: 0.00, preterm birth (OR 5.38, 95% CI: 3.23-7.5) P: 0.00, and neonates who were resuscitated at birth (OR 3.26, 95% CI: 1.96-4.56) P: 0.00.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;The magnitude of neonatal sepsis in Africa remains high. This study identified several contributing factors, including prolonged rupture of membranes, a history of urinary tract or sexually transmitted infections, low birth weight (&lt; 2500 g), an APGAR score below 7 at one minute, preterm birth, and resuscitation at birth. These findings underscore the importance of routinely screening for risk factors such as prolonged membrane rup","PeriodicalId":9039,"journal":{"name":"BMC Public Health","volume":"25 1","pages":"847"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11877888/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143540122","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Knowledge, perception and preventive practices of Lassa fever among mothers of under-five children in an endemic community in Edo State, Nigeria.","authors":"Sulymon A Saka, Dele O Ojo, Nneoma M Mezu, Christian O Uzuegbu, Osazuwa Ighodaro, Oluchi O Illoh, Obiajulum N Emekolom, Offiong A Akpa, Ezinne A Obiora, Amara P Muogbo","doi":"10.1186/s12889-025-22057-z","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12889-025-22057-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Lassa fever is an acute viral hemorrhagic disease endemic to West Africa, particularly Nigeria. Despite efforts to control its spread, gaps in knowledge and preventive behaviours remain, particularly among mothers of young children. This study assessed the knowledge, perception, and preventive practices regarding Lassa fever among mothers of under-five children in Esan Central Local Government Area, Edo State, Nigeria.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among 130 mothers with children under five using a structured interviewer-administered questionnaire. Participants were selected using a multi-stage sampling technique. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 30, employing descriptive and inferential statistics to assess the associations between sociodemographic factors, knowledge, and preventive practices.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>All participants (100%) had heard of Lassa fever, with health workers being the most common source of information (55.4%). Most mothers (72%) demonstrated good knowledge of Lassa fever symptoms, where as 67% reported good preventive practices, such as handwashing (71.5%) and maintaining proper drainage systems (70.8%). Ethnicity and education were significantly associated with knowledge of Lassa fever (p < 0.001), while marital status, ethnicity and parity were significantly associated with preventive practices (p < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study revealed high awareness and knowledge of Lassa fever among mothers, yet preventive practices were suboptimal. Public health interventions should focus on improving preventive behaviours through targeted health education, particularly in underserved communities, to reduce the disease burden in endemic regions.</p>","PeriodicalId":9039,"journal":{"name":"BMC Public Health","volume":"25 1","pages":"837"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11874641/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143539955","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"School life during COVID-19: a qualitative study exploring English secondary school staff and pupils' experiences of the school-based mitigation measures.","authors":"Sarah Bell, Jane Williams, Sabi Redwood, Jeremy Horwood","doi":"10.1186/s12889-025-21696-6","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12889-025-21696-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>In England, the national Government was responsible for balancing the risks of COVID-19 infection, transmission and illness against the known risks of school closures. The Department for Education (DfE) issued guidance to schools, however, there is limited empirical evidence on the experiences of staff and pupils affected by the guidance and accompanying COVID-19 mitigation measures.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This qualitative study explored secondary school staff and pupils' views and experiences of COVID-19 guidance and mitigation measures. There were two main objectives: (i) to examine implementation effectiveness, and (ii) to explore their effectiveness at promoting safety. Participants were purposively sampled from English schools serving diverse communities participating in the CoMMinS (COVID-19 Mapping and Mitigation in Schools) study. Semi-structured interviews were conducted remotely, and data were analysed thematically.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Interviews took place between January and August 2021 with participants from five secondary schools (20 staff and 25 pupils); staff represented a range of roles within the school and pupil demographics varied. Main themes were: (i) negative views of the DfE guidance; (ii) negative experiences of the DfE guidance; (iii) ineffectiveness of the DfE guidance and school mitigation measures at promoting safety and reducing risk; (iv) ineffective implementation of the mitigation measures due to poor adherence and acceptability (with sub-themes for Lateral Flow Testing (LFT), face coverings, physical distancing and ventilation); and (v) positive perceptions (with sub-themes for hygiene measures, and approaches that facilitated implementation and safety which included staff enforcing compliance, having an ethos of co-operation, addressing inconsistencies, and minimising change).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Insights from this research will help understand effectiveness of the measures in the 'real-world school setting'. Understanding the experiences of staff and pupils will help to support policymakers and school leaders in future pandemic decision-making. This research identified challenges with the guidance and measures, minimal impact on perceived safety, and a negative impact on wellbeing. These challenges should be considered when assessing the benefit of the measures in keeping schools safe.</p>","PeriodicalId":9039,"journal":{"name":"BMC Public Health","volume":"25 1","pages":"845"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11877837/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143540008","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessing hazards and associated fall risks among elderly population: a cross-sectional study of different residential settings in Karachi, Pakistan.","authors":"Iqra Rani, Sidra Zaheer, Sumaira Nasim, Nadia Shah, Muhammad Zafar Iqbal Hydrie","doi":"10.1186/s12889-025-22016-8","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12889-025-22016-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Safety is one of the top priorities in caring for elderly people because they gradually lose their functional ability with age and are more vulnerable to injuries. Therefore, ensuring safety needs in one's own residential settings is crucial; however, public awareness of home hazards and associated risks of falls is limited. The current study assessed the hazards and associated risks of falling in various residential settings across Karachi, Pakistan.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 166 participants were recruited: 54 from old age homes, 58 from single-unit houses, and 54 from apartments for this cross-sectional study using the convenience sampling method. The study was conducted in 2022 for nine months. Data were gathered using the Home Falls and Accident Screening Tool. During the visit, the researcher asked questions related to demographics, history of falls and then completed HOME FAST by directly observing their home environment and elderly people while they performed their functional tasks at their residence. Independent-Samples Kruskal-Wallis test, chi-square test and cross tabulation were used for statistical analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The median age of the elderly people was 65 years (IQR: 62-70 years). Approximately 22.3% of the participants reported falls in the last 12 months. Among 25 hazards, the most prevalent were lack of bath/shower grab rails, non-slip mats, lack of access to a bedside light, and slippery floor surfaces, where median number of hazards was 5 (IQR: 4-6) indicating a moderate level of risk of hazards. Moreover, a significant difference (P < 0.007) in risk of hazards scores was observed among old age homes, single-unit houses, and apartments. In addition, out of the 25 identified hazards between Fallers vs. Non-Fallers, six hazards; including difficulty in carrying meals, lack of non-slip mats in the bathroom, difficulty during bed transfers, lack of bath/shower grab rails, difficulty during toilet transfers, and reaching difficulties towards kitchen items, were significantly associated with falls.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study found that identified hazards in residential settings are significantly associated with the risk of falls and can compromise the functional ability, safety, and health of elderly people. Therefore, preventive measures should be taken to reduce hazards and fall incidence to promote safety and independence in daily activities.</p>","PeriodicalId":9039,"journal":{"name":"BMC Public Health","volume":"25 1","pages":"850"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11877919/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143539747","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Quantitative evaluation of policy texts of hospital workplace violence prevention and control in China: based on the PMC-Index model.","authors":"Yuanshuo Ma, Yutong Huang, Xin Miao, Sulin Zhang, Jia Gao, Heyi Li, Meina Yuan, Jie Hu","doi":"10.1186/s12889-025-22011-z","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12889-025-22011-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Workplace violence is one of the major public health problems in the world. In China, the problem of hospital workplace violence has been improved, but it remains significant. In order to prevent and punish such adverse events, China has introduced a series of policies and measures, however, there is still a lack of evaluative research on the effectiveness of these policies.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This paper, the PMC-Index model was used to establish a policy quantitative evaluation index system based on the high-frequency words in the policy texts in China. The consistency, advantages and disadvantages of 11 policies using a multi-input-output table.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The policy evaluation system included 10 first-level variables and 52 second level variables. Of the 11 policies chosen, 5 exhibited good consistency (B), 6 showed acceptable consistency (C), and none were rated as poor. The average PMC-Index of B-level policies was 7.664, while for C-level policies it was 6.344. Overall, the level of all policies was deemed acceptable.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>By constructing the PMC-Index model, it is evident that the overall design of hospital workplace violence policies in China is relatively rational, displaying a high standard and quality. Strengthening publicity and guidance, implementing coordination mechanisms between the police and medical, coordinating the cooperation of all social departments, and perfecting the construction of the legal system can be the main focus of policy improvement and optimization in the future.</p>","PeriodicalId":9039,"journal":{"name":"BMC Public Health","volume":"25 1","pages":"846"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11877931/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143540006","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Specialized mental healthcare use for common mental disorders and prescription of antidepressants before and during the COVID-19 pandemic among working-age refugees and Swedish-born individuals - a nationwide register-based study.","authors":"Vera Atarodi, Ellenor Mittendorfer-Rutz, Daniel Morillo-Cuadrado, Roberto Mediavilla, Mireia Felez-Nobrega, Anna Monistrol-Mula, Pierre Smith, Vincent Lorant, Papoula Petri-Romão, Marit Sijbrandij, Anke B Witteveen, Irene Pinucci, Matteo Monzio Compagnoni, Claudia Conflitti, Giulia Caggiu, Maria Melchior, Cécile Vuillermoz, Jakob Bergström, Katalin Gémes","doi":"10.1186/s12889-025-22028-4","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12889-025-22028-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>It is known that refugees have an elevated risk of common mental disorders (CMDs, including depression, anxiety, and stress-related disorders). The effect of the coronavirus disease pandemic on healthcare use due to CMDs in refugees is yet unknown, especially in socioeconomically deprived groups. We conducted a population-wide study comparing specialized healthcare use for CMDs and antidepressant prescriptions before and during the pandemic in refugees and Swedish-born, and investigated differences by labor market marginalization and education.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>An interrupted time series analysis of quarterly cohorts (2018.01.01-2021.12.31) of all refugees and Swedish-born, aged 19 to 65 was applied. Information on outcome measures and covariates were linked individually from administrative registers. We applied interrupted time series and estimated incidence rate ratios (IRR) of the incidence rates (IR) and their corresponding confidence intervals (CI) before and during the pandemic.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 4,932,916 individuals, of whom 488,299 (9.9%) were refugees, were included at baseline. We observed a 3% (95% CI: 1%, 5%) quarterly increase in trends of healthcare use due to CMDs in refugees, but no changes in Swedish-born individuals. The IRRs were larger in refugees whose labor market position was marginalized (IRR: 6%, (3%, 9%)), and refugees with low education level (IRR: 4% (1%, 7%)). There were no substantial changes in antidepressant prescription.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Refugees, especially those already in a marginalized position, had increased CMD-related mental healthcare use during the pandemic. Strategies to meet the mental health care needs of marginalized refugees are of outmost public health importance.</p>","PeriodicalId":9039,"journal":{"name":"BMC Public Health","volume":"25 1","pages":"840"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11874784/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143540109","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Adherence to global diet quality score in relation to gastroesophageal reflux disease and flatulence in Iranian adults.","authors":"Fatemeh Sadat Mirjalili, Mina Darand, Saeed Fallah-Aliabadi, Hassan Mozaffari-Khosravi, Sayyed Saeid Khayyatzadeh","doi":"10.1186/s12889-025-21934-x","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12889-025-21934-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) and flatulence are both prevalent afflictions and negatively impact the quality of life. This study aims to determine the relationship between the Global Diet Quality Score (GDQS), a novel metric based on the Prime Diet Quality Score with GERD and flatulence in Iranian adults.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The cross-sectional study was conducted among 6202 adults in the context of the Shahedieh cohort study accomplished. Dietary intakes of participants were collected by food frequency questionnaires (FFQs). To calculate GDQS, 25 food groups were comprised (16 healthy and 7 unhealthy food groups and two food groups categorized as unhealthy when consumed excessively). GERD and flatulence were assessed by a self-reported questionnaire. To examine the association between GDQS with GERD and flatulence, logistic regression was performed in crude and adjusted models (Model I: adjustments for age and energy intake; Model II: gender, physical activity, marital status, occupation, educational levels, WSI, and BMI; and Model III: smoking status, depression, diabetes, hypertension, and cardio events.) RESULTS: Participants in the highest quintile of GDQS had 20% higher odds of having GERD than individuals in the lowest one (OR: 1.20; 95% CI: 0.88-1.65, P trend = 0.508). Compared to the lowest quintile, the participants in the highest quintile had no significant reduction in probability of having flatulence in the crude model (OR: 0.94; 95% CI: 0.81-1.11, P trend = 0.578). These associations remained non-significant after adjustments for confounding variables.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>No significant associations were observed between higher adherence to GDQS with odds of GERD and flatulence in Iranian adults. To better understand these findings, longitudinal studies especially randomized clinical trials are needed.</p>","PeriodicalId":9039,"journal":{"name":"BMC Public Health","volume":"25 1","pages":"834"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11874393/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143536382","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"ACTION Malaysia-perception and barriers to obesity management among people with obesity and healthcare professionals in Malaysia.","authors":"Zubaidah Nor Hanipah, Rohana Abdul Ghani, Mohd Danial Mohd Efendy Goon","doi":"10.1186/s12889-025-22052-4","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12889-025-22052-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Timely weight loss conversations between healthcare professionals (HCPs) and people with obesity (PwO) can help in effective obesity management. The Awareness, Care, and Treatment in Obesity maNagement in the Asia Pacific region (ACTION APAC) studied the attitudes, perceptions, and behaviours toward obesity among PwO and HCPs in nine countries of South and Southeast Asia. The current study is a subgroup analysis based on the Malaysian population, known as ACTION Malaysia (ACTION-MY), and aims to explore the attitudes, perceptions, behaviours, and barriers to effective obesity management among both PwO and HCPs.</p><p><strong>Methodology: </strong>An online survey in dual languages (Malay and English) was conducted between April 2022 and May 2022 among 1001 adult PwO and 200 HCPs (general practitioners, endocrinologists, obstetricians/gynaecologists, cardiologists, and other appropriate specialities).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The findings highlighted significant gaps in obesity awareness, with 57% of PwO misclassifying their weight status as normal or overweight. While 68% of PwO valued discussing weight management with HCPs, success rates remained low. On average, patients made three weight loss attempts in adulthood, with 63% regaining weight even after maintaining weight loss for six months or more. Key barriers included insufficient exercise, motivation deficits, and poor hunger control. Although 88% of HCPs recognised obesity as a chronic disease affecting overall health, patient disinterest, limited awareness of treatment options, and time constraints hindered effective intervention. Despite 70% of PwO trusting HCPs' medication recommendations, only 10% received weight loss prescriptions.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study emphasises the need for enhanced communication between HCPs and PwO, along with comprehensive support that includes mental health services. Addressing the perception gap regarding weight management responsibility is crucial. The results suggest that culturally contextualised approaches to obesity management in Malaysia are essential. Our findings highlight the urgent need for developing treatment strategies and policies targeting identified barriers and establishing collaborative frameworks to enhance obesity management within Malaysia's healthcare system.</p>","PeriodicalId":9039,"journal":{"name":"BMC Public Health","volume":"25 1","pages":"835"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11874754/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143539741","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}