BMC Public Health最新文献

{"title":"Trends in the prevalence and burden of blindness and vision loss among adolescents aged 10-24 years in the Western Pacific Region over 30 years.","authors":"Yunjiao Luo, Qingzhi Wang, Yingxue Wang, Louisa Esi Mackay, Na Yan, Yuhao Wang, Blen Dereje Shiferaw, Yihan Wang, Jingjing Wang, Jie Tang, Ya Liao, Xiaojuan Wang, Wei Wang","doi":"10.1186/s12889-024-20607-5","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12889-024-20607-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>This study aimed to understand the vision health status of adolescents in the Western Pacific Region (WPR) using Global Burden of Disease (GBD) data from 1990 to 2019.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a comprehensive analysis of blindness and vision loss using GBD data from 1990 to 2019, analyzed trends in the prevalence and burden of blindness and vision loss over time using joinpoint regression, and analyzed their independent effects on blindness and vision loss in three dimensions using age-period-cohort (APC) modeling.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The prevalence of blindness and vision loss among adolescents in the WPR showed an increasing trend between 1990 and 2019 (AAPC: 0.56%) and a slight increase in YLD (AAPC: 0.11%). The joinpoint regression showed a decreasing trend after 2017 (AAPC: -2.45%). The prevalence and burden trended downward in most Western Pacific countries, with only China rising significantly (AAPC prevalence: 0.57%). Refractive disorders had the highest prevalence among the subgroups. The risk of blindness and vision loss in adolescents reduced with age but grew later in time and at later birth. In addition, prevalence and burden were generally higher in females than males.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In the context of a declining global trend in the prevalence and burden of blindness and vision loss among adolescents, there is an increasing trend among adolescents in WPR, with the most pronounced rise in China. This finding has important implications for WPR, suggesting that more attention should be given to adolescent eye health in the region.</p>","PeriodicalId":9039,"journal":{"name":"BMC Public Health","volume":"24 1","pages":"3193"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11571684/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142666969","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Trends of drug-resistant tuberculosis and risk factors to poor treatment-outcome: a database analysis in Littoral region-Cameroon, 2013-2022.","authors":"Teyim Pride Mbuh, Patricia Mendjime, Irene-Adeline Goupeyou-Wandji, Valerie Flore Donkeng-Donfack, Judith Kahou, Laurent-Mireille Endale Mangamba, Severin Mefoug, Patricia Annie Bisso Ngono, Linda Esso, Georges Alain Etoundi Mballa","doi":"10.1186/s12889-024-20585-8","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12889-024-20585-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Tuberculosis(TB), currently has limited treatment options, and faces worldwide threat of drug-resistance(DR). In 2022, the DR-TB prevalence in Cameroon was 1.4% among new-cases and 8.3% among retreatment-cases. We analyzed the DR-TB database to descript the trends and DR-TB profile, treatment-outcome and associated risk-factors so-as-to propose measures to enhance program performance in Cameroon.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>We conducted a retrospective cohort study, analysed the DR-TB database of the Littoral region from 2013 to 2022. We appreciated the data-quality using zero-reporting, completeness, consistency, and validity indicators. We categorized DR-TB into Rifampicin-resistant-TB(RR-TB), multi-drug-resistant-TB(MDR-TB), pre-extensive-drug-resistant-TB(pre-XDR-TB), and XDR-TB and performed descriptive statistics. We assessed DR-TB treatment outcome targeting > 80% cure and/or completed treatment. Multiple logistic regression was used to determine risk factors related to poor treatment outcomes, and adjusted relative risk(RR) was considered significant at p < 0.05.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Overall database quality was 93.7% with uniqueness 100%, data-completeness 82.5%, consistency 97% and validity 95.1%. A total of 567 DR-TB cases were reported, with median age of 34 (1-80) years, male-to-female sex ratio (3:2). Cases were classified as 19(3.4%) RR-TB, 536(94.6%) MDR-TB, 7(1.3%) pre-XDR-TB, and 4(0.7%) XDR-TB. Case-reporting increased from 2013, reaching their peak in 2018. The overall treatment refusal rate was 123(11.9%) and treatment outcomes of 270(60.8%) cured, 116(26.4%) completed, 32(7.2%) deaths, 19(4.3%) lost-to-follow-up, and 6(1.4%) failure were recorded. We identified 84 dead (CFR:14.8%) amongst whom 52(62%) refused treatment, 17(20%) occurred during the first month of therapy and 13(15.5%) HIV-TB co-infected. Male gender [p = 0.006, RR = 2.5 (95% CI: 1.3-4.7)], HIV positive status [p = 0.012, RR = 2.1 (95% CI: 1.2-3.7)], and previous DR-TB status [p = 0.02, RR = 3.9 (95% CI: 1.3-12.0)] were statistically associated to poor treatment outcomes.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In the Littoral Region-Cameroon, cases of DR-TB increased from 2013, reaching their peak in 2018 befor dropping right up to 2022. RR-TB, MDR-TB, Pre-XDR-TB and XDR-TB represented 3.4%, 94.6%, 1.3% and 0.7% of all reported DR-TB cases. Overall, DR-TB treatment success rate was 87.2%. Male-gender, HIV-positive status, and previous DR-TB are associated with poor TB treatment outcomes. We recommend universal drug susceptibility testing to ensure early/maximum DR-TB case-detection and proper pre-treatment counselling to limit the high death rates and anti-TB treatment refusal rates which are setbacks from achieving end-TB strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":9039,"journal":{"name":"BMC Public Health","volume":"24 1","pages":"3195"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11571881/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142667063","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development and validation of a questionnaire to assess knowledge, attitudes, and practices regarding the addictive and detrimental effects of novel psychoactive substances among university students.","authors":"Liqin Lu, Jue Deng, Fenglan Li, Xiaoli Zhu","doi":"10.1186/s12889-024-20458-0","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12889-024-20458-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The misuse of novel psychoactive substances (NPSs) is highly prevalent among university students, leading to significant public health and social safety concerns. To improve our drug education efforts related to NPSs, we developed a knowledge, attitudes and practices (KAP)-based questionnaire for university students.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We developed a KAP-based questionnaire after performing a comprehensive literature review and consulting experts. The questionnaire was then administered to randomly selected college students in Fujian Province. The items were evaluated using the critical ratio, correlation analysis, and Cronbach's α coefficient. Furthermore, exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) were used to assess the construct validity of the questionnaire. Subsequently, the convergent validity, discriminant validity, and reliability of the questionnaire were evaluated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 587 college students were enrolled, including 280 (47.7%) males and 550 (93.7%) students who had received anti-drug education. Item analysis revealed that 3 items did not meet the t value (t < 4) or correlation coefficient thresholds (r < 3) or that Cronbach's α coefficient increased after removing these items. After conducting EFA, 7 items with multiple loading factors above 0.4 or loading factors below 0.4 were removed, and 5 subdimensions were observed. CFA indicated that the questionnaire model exhibited a strong fit and acceptable convergent validity. However, there were some limitations in discriminant validity. The Cronbach's α coefficients for the overall questionnaire and each dimension exceeded 0.9, indicating excellent internal consistency. Additionally, the questionnaire exhibited excellent split-half reliability (Cronbach's α coefficients > 0.8, Spearman-Brown value = 0.982).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The questionnaire developed herein exhibited high levels of reliability and validity, making it a suitable KAP-based tool for evaluating NPS-related addiction and harm among university students. These findings can guide the development of drug education and behavioral interventions.</p>","PeriodicalId":9039,"journal":{"name":"BMC Public Health","volume":"24 1","pages":"3198"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11571878/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142667013","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Application of artificial intelligence in triage in emergencies and disasters: a systematic review.","authors":"Azadeh Tahernejad, Ali Sahebi, Ali Salehi Sahl Abadi, Mehdi Safari","doi":"10.1186/s12889-024-20447-3","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12889-024-20447-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction and objective: </strong>Modern and intelligent triage systems are used today due to the growing trend of disasters and emergencies worldwide and the increase in the number of injured people facing the challenge of using traditional triage methods. The main objective of this study is to investigate the application of artificial intelligence and Technology in the triage of patients injured by disasters and emergencies and the challenges of the implementation of intelligent triage systems.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>The present study is a systematic review and follows PRISMA guidelines. The protocol of this study was registered in PROSPERO with the code CRD42023471415. To find relevant studies, the databases PubMed, Scopus and Web of Science (ISI) were searched without a time limit until September 2024. The scientific search engine Google Scholar and the references of the final articles were read manually for the final review.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The search identified 2,630 articles, narrowing down to 19 high-quality studies on AI in triage, which improved patient care through optimized resource management and real-time data transmission. AI algorithms like OpenPose and YOLO enhanced efficiency in mass casualty incidents, while e-triage systems allowed for continuous vital sign monitoring and faster triaging. AI tools demonstrated high accuracy in diagnosing COVID-19 (94.57%). Implementing intelligent triage systems faced challenges such as trust issues, training needs, equipment shortages, and data privacy concerns.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Developing assessment systems using artificial intelligence enables timely treatment and better resuscitation services for people injured in disasters. For future studies, we recommend designing intelligent triage systems to remove the obstacles in triaging children and disabled people in disasters.</p>","PeriodicalId":9039,"journal":{"name":"BMC Public Health","volume":"24 1","pages":"3203"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11575424/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142666995","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessing antimicrobial consumption in public and private sectors within the Costa Rican health system: current status and future directions.","authors":"José Pablo Díaz-Madriz, Carolina Rojas-Chinchilla, Esteban Zavaleta-Monestel, Shing Mi Ching-Fung, Hugo Marin-Piva, Gustavo H Marin, Lucia Giangreco","doi":"10.1186/s12889-024-20670-y","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12889-024-20670-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Antimicrobial resistance is a significant global health threat. Therefore, robust surveillance systems for antimicrobial consumption (AMC) are essential to develop public health strategies. However, Latin American countries, including Costa Rica, face challenges in regularly reporting AMC data. This study aims to estimate and analyse the overall AMC in Costa Rica for 2019.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study is a national-level, retrospective, observational, and descriptive analysis of AMC in Costa Rica from 1 January to 31 December 2019. The study followed the World Health Organization (WHO) guidelines for the Surveillance of National AMC. The Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical (ATC) / Defined Daily Doses (DDD) system was used to analyse types of antimicrobials and DDD per 1000 inhabitants per day (DID). Antimicrobial dispensation data from the Costa Rican Social Security Fund (CCSS) represented the public sector, while the private sector data was sourced from IQVIA. The analysis included data from both inpatient and outpatient sectors.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total AMC of 14.32 DID, of which 12.75 DID was within the public sector and 4.12 DID was within the private sector. Penicillins had the highest consumption nationally and in the public sector, while macrolides and lincosamides predominate in the private sector. According to the WHO-AWaRe (Access-Watch-Reserve) classification, antibiotics predominantly consumed nationally (74.7%) and in the public (83.0%) sectors are categorized under Access, whereas the private (61.0%) sector predominates the Watch category.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study illustrates the importance of enhancing AMC surveillance by integrating data from both the public and private sectors. The findings indicate an excessive use of \"Watch\" antimicrobials in the private sector. To address this issue, all sectors and regulatory authorities must play an active and supportive role, in the development of effective, multisectoral policies. The methodology employed in this study is applicable to other Latin American countries, and therefore should be utilized for future analysis AMC in this region.</p>","PeriodicalId":9039,"journal":{"name":"BMC Public Health","volume":"24 1","pages":"3205"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11575047/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142667000","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prediction model for identifying high-risk groups for overweight or obesity among Korean men in their 30s and 40s.","authors":"Myeunghee Han","doi":"10.1186/s12889-024-20573-y","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12889-024-20573-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This study was aimed to build a prediction model to identify high-risk groups for overweight or obesity among Korean men in their 30s and 40s.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study analyzed data from 28,388 men aged 30-40 years, gathered in the 2022 Community Health Survey. Participants were categorized into two groups based on BMI: underweight/normal weight group and overweight/obese group. This study used chi-squared tests and independent t-tests to compare general and health-related characteristics. Moreover, a prediction model was developed using decision tree analysis, and its validity was verified through a split-sample test.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The proportions of participants in the underweight /normal and overweight/obese groups were 50.4% and 49.6%, respectively. The group with the highest overweight/obesity rate at 60.6% had the characteristics of drinking more than 7 cups at a time, being married, and lacking sleep. On the other hand, the group with the lowest overweight or obesity rate (38.7%) had the characteristics of drinking less than 6 cups of alcohol at a time, getting enough sleep, and smoking less than 15 cigarettes.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The rate of overweight and obesity among Korean males in their 30s and 40s is significantly high. This study found that individuals who consume more than seven glasses of alcohol at a time, are married, and do not get enough sleep are at high risk of being overweight or obese. Therefore, it is essential to develop and implement targeted intervention programs for this high-risk group of Korean men in their 30s and 40s.</p>","PeriodicalId":9039,"journal":{"name":"BMC Public Health","volume":"24 1","pages":"3191"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11571964/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142667031","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Community utilization of a co-created COVID-19 testing program in a US/Mexico border community.","authors":"Breanna J Reyes, Stephenie Tinoco Calvillo, Arleth A Escoto, Angel Lomeli, Maria Linda Burola, Luis Gay, Ariel Cohen, Isabel Villegas, Linda Salgin, Kelli L Cain, Dylan Pilz, Paul Watson, Bill Oswald, Cesar Arevalo, Jessica Sanchez, Marjorie Richardson, Jennifer Nelson, Pricilla Villanueva, Garrett McGaugh, Ilya Zaslavsky, Robert H Tukey, Nicole A Stadnick, Borsika A Rabin, Louise C Laurent, Marva Seifert","doi":"10.1186/s12889-024-20527-4","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12889-024-20527-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The COVID-19 pandemic exposed several health disparities experienced by underserved and Latino/a communities, including inequitable access to COVID-19 testing.</p><p><strong>Objective and goals: </strong>To describe the utilization of a community-driven and culturally-tailored testing model on COVID-19 testing in an underserved Latino/a community in San Diego.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The Community-driven Optimization of COVID-19 testing to Reach and Engage Underserved Areas for Testing Equity (CO-CREATE) project implemented a community co-designed COVID-19 testing program in partnership with a Federally Qualified Health Center in a US/Mexico border community.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Between May 2021 and March 2023, 24, 422 COVID-19 PCR tests were administered to 13,253 individuals, among whom 93% percent identified as Latino/a, 57% spoke Spanish in the home, and 38% resided in our target community adjacent to the US/Mexico border, San Ysidro. Based on a subset of available county testing data, CO-CREATE accounted for nearly 12% of all COVID-19 tests reported for San Ysidro residents. Over the course of the project, we estimated that nearly 17% of all San Ysidro residents were tested for COVID-19 through the CO-CREATE project.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These findings highlight the success and reach of this culturally responsive and community co-designed COVID-19 testing program, within a Latino/a border community. Future public health interventions should focus on identifying testing barriers and design appropriate strategies to ensure equitable access to resources and testing uptake for all community members.</p>","PeriodicalId":9039,"journal":{"name":"BMC Public Health","volume":"24 1","pages":"3194"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11572090/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142667004","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Risk of early etonogestrel and levonorgestrel implant discontinuation in adolescents and adults.","authors":"Chotika Chandi, Sutira Uaamnuichai, Phanupong Phutrakool, Watsapol Wongwikrom, Pada Puapornpong, Nanthida Kaewthawon, Unnop Jaisamrarn, Somsook Santibenchakul","doi":"10.1186/s12889-024-20681-9","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12889-024-20681-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Etonogestrel and levonorgestrel implants are effective for 3 and 5 years of contraception, respectively. The removal of contraceptive implants before the due date, also known as implant early discontinuation, contributes to unplanned pregnancies, which can lead to unfavourable reproductive health outcomes, especially in adolescents. We aimed to assess the magnitude of early implant discontinuation among those who initiated the method at our hospital, and to compare this rate between adolescents and adults.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective cohort study reviewed the medical records of participants who initiated contraceptive implants from January 2014 to December 2019 at King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital. Early discontinuation was defined as the removal of implants prior to the due date. Cox proportional hazard regression analysis was performed to identify factors associated with early discontinuation.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Our analysis included 1,435 participants, 409 of whom were adolescents. Levonorgestrel implants were used by 53.3% of the participants(68.7% and 47.1% of adolescents and adults, respectively); the remainder used etonogestrel implants. The total early discontinuation rate was 19.3%, which was comparable between the two implant types. The most common reason for discontinuation was intolerance of side effects, with abnormal bleeding being the most frequent. Adolescents were less likely to discontinue implants early (HR 0.72, 95% CI = 0.55-0.95). Factors significantly associated with decreased early discontinuation were: free-of-charge implants (HR 0.75, 95% CI = 0.58-0.95), continuous users of implants (HR 0.56, 95% CI = 0.36-0.86), postpartum status during implant initiation (HR 0.77, 95% CI = 0.60-0.98), and participants with children (HR 0.77, 95% CI = 0.60-0.99).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Compared with adults, adolescents were less likely to discontinue contraceptive implants before the due date. Participants who received free implants, continuous users who had previously used implants, postpartum insertion, and having children were associated with less early discontinuation. Our findings supports continued government funding for free implants in Thailand.</p>","PeriodicalId":9039,"journal":{"name":"BMC Public Health","volume":"24 1","pages":"3204"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11574987/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142667036","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The mediation effect of liver and anthropometric indices on the relationship between incidence of diabetes and physical activity: results of 5-year follow up azar cohort study.","authors":"Rouhollah Haghshenas, Neda Gilani, Mohammad Hossein Somi, Elnaz Faramarzi","doi":"10.1186/s12889-024-20587-6","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12889-024-20587-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>It has been documented that regular physical activity is considered one of the most effective strategies for preventing diabetes; however, it is not the sole contributing factor. Therefore, we decided to evaluate the meditation effect of liver function and anthropometric indices on the relationship between incidence of diabetes and physical activity (PA) in the Azar cohort population.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Subjects who were diabetic in the baseline phase from 15,006 participants in study of azar cohort population were excluded and to follow up, a total of 13,253 people was included in the analysis. Demographic characteristics, physical activity, 10 anthropometric indices (AI) and seven liver indices (LI) were measured. Evaluated and displayed using Pearson correlation heatmap and canonical correlation of liver and anthropometric indices. The Generalized Structural Equation Modeling (GSEM) with the Maximum Likelihood method employed to estimate the model.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>During the follow-up years, a total of 685 participants developed diabetes. The measurements of the AI were significantly higher in subjects with diabetes (P < .001). Patients with diabetes were older, had a higher proportion of women, and had lower values of PA (P < .05). Body Roundness Index (BRI) and Waist height ratio (WHtR) exhibited the largest AUCs for predicting diabetes onset risk (both AUC = 0.6989) among these anthropometric measures. The increase in AI (RR [95%CI] = 1.25 [1.22,1.29], P < .001) and liver enzyme (LE) (RR [95%CI] = 1.14 [1.08.1.19], P < .001) increase the risk of diabetes by 25% and 14%, respectively. Despite the mediation effects of AI and Liver Enzymes for an increase of one MET of PA, the risk of developing diabetes decreases by 5% (RR [95% CI] = .95 [.92,.99], P = .013). Around VAF = 53% of the association between PA and diabetes onset (Total effect: RR [95% CI] = .90 [.87,.94], P < .001) was mediated by AI and LE.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>A low level of PA was found to be significantly correlated with high levels of AI and LI, all of which are associated with an increased risk of developing diabetes. These analyses provide evidence that when the relationship between PA and diabetes is mediated by AI and LI this association becomes stronger, with AI playing a more significant role than LI.</p>","PeriodicalId":9039,"journal":{"name":"BMC Public Health","volume":"24 1","pages":"3190"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11572127/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142667050","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"From infected to recovered: the mediating role of sleep quality between self-compassion, social support and COVID-19 psychosomatic symptoms.","authors":"Outong Chen, Fang Guan, Chengqing Zhan, Ying Li","doi":"10.1186/s12889-024-20657-9","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12889-024-20657-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Recent research has shown significant individual differences in COVID-19 psychosomatic symptoms. However, there has been a lack of studies investigating the influence of physical and psychological factors on these symptoms and their underlying mechanisms. This study aims to fill this gap by investigating the predictive role of self-compassion and social support on COVID-19 psychosomatic symptoms, as well as the potential mediating role of sleep quality.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data were collected from 636 participants infected with COVID-19 during the early post-pandemic reopening phase in China. The measurement tools used in the current study included the Self-Compassion Scale, the Perceived Social Support Scale, Self-Rating Scale of Sleep, and a COVID-19 Psychosomatic Symptom Diary.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A structural equation model revealed that: (1) social support directly predicts COVID-19 psychosomatic symptoms; (2) sleep quality fully mediates the relationship between self-compassion and COVID-19 psychosomatic symptoms; and (3) sleep quality partially mediates the relationship between social support and COVID-19 psychosomatic symptoms.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These findings not only confirm previous research but also provide new insights into the intricate interplay between psychological and physical factors and their influence on COVID-19 psychosomatic symptoms. The implications of these findings may inform the development of targeted rehabilitation programs in the post-pandemic era of the \"new normal\".</p><p><strong>Clinical trial number: </strong>Not applicable.</p>","PeriodicalId":9039,"journal":{"name":"BMC Public Health","volume":"24 1","pages":"3196"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11571965/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142667017","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}