BMC Public Health最新文献

{"title":"Factors associated with the perception of resentment towards the Chinese in Latin America during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic.","authors":"Christian R Mejia, Gianpool Ascarza, Aldo Alvarez-Risco, Jean Misayauri, Dennis Arias-Chavez, Martin A Vilela-Estrada, Victor Serna-Alarcón, Tatiana Requena, Milward Ubillus, Shyla Del-Aguila-Arcentales, Neal M Davies, Jaime A Yáñez","doi":"10.1186/s12889-024-20568-9","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12889-024-20568-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Resentment towards the Chinese population was perceived during the first months of the pandemic because the pandemic/disease started in that country.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To determine the factors associated with the perception of resentment towards the Chinese in Latin America during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic.</p><p><strong>Methodology: </strong>Analytical cross-sectional study conducted during the second semester of the pandemic in more than a dozen countries. Four questions were asked about the perception of resentment towards the Chinese (Cronbach's Alpha: 0.88); those with the highest scores on the sum of the four questions were considered to have \"more resentment towards the Chinese,\" and descriptive and analytical statistics were obtained.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the 7721 respondents, in the multivariate analysis, it was found that there was a difference according to the country; compared to Peru, those who had more resentment towards the Chinese were those residing in Paraguay (aPR: 1.29; 95%CI: 1.17-1.42; p-value < 0.001) and Bolivia (aPR: 1.52; 95%CI: 1.37-1.68; p-value < 0.001), while Chile (aPR: 0.78; 95%CI: 0.69-0.88; p-value < 0.001) had less resentment: 0.69-0.88; p-value < 0.001), Mexico (aPR: 0.68; 95%CI: 0.57-0.80; p-value < 0.001), Panama (aPR: 0.71; 95%CI: 0.59-0.86; p-value < 0.001) and Costa Rica (aPR: 0.64; 95%CI: 0.49-0.85; p-value = 0.002).</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>There was a significant difference in resentment for each country.</p>","PeriodicalId":9039,"journal":{"name":"BMC Public Health","volume":"24 1","pages":"3226"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11577586/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142680393","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association of magnesium intake with predicted atherosclerotic lesions and cardiovascular risk in young adults based on PDAY score: a cross-sectional study.","authors":"Qingchun Song, Long Song, Hongduan Liu, Haoyu Tan, Benli Yang, Chengming Fan, Liming Liu","doi":"10.1186/s12889-024-20785-2","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12889-024-20785-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Magnesium deficiency has been shown to accelerate atherosclerosis. We hypothesized that dietary magnesium intake at a young age is associated with future atherosclerotic lesions and cardiovascular risk in a large, nationally representative cohort of U.S. adults.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We included U.S. adults aged 20 to 34 years old from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2007 to 2018, a population-based cross-sectional study. Dietary magnesium intake was assessed using 24-hour diet recalls. Atherosclerotic lesions in the young adult population were predicted by the Pathobiological Determinants of Atherosclerosis in Youth (PDAY) score that was based on age, sex, smoking status, lipids, blood pressure, and obesity. Information on cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors including hypertension, non-HDL-C dyslipidemia, and diabetes was also collected. We used multivariable logistic analysis models to test the association between magnesium intake levels and the PDAY score and CVD risk factors, respectively, after adjusting for several potential confounding factors.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>7,244 eligible participants were included in the analysis. The magnesium intake level was classified into three categories based on the tertile distribution in the population (i.e., ≤ 224, 225-340, and ≥ 341 mg/day). Compared with the lowest tertile, the multivariable-adjusted odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (95% CI) for the PDAY score were 0.83 (95% CI, 0.72 to 0.96) and 0.60 (95% CI, 0.49 to 0.74) in the second and the third tertiles of magnesium intake, respectively (P value for trend < 0.001), and there was a negative dose-response relationship (test for trend P value < 0.001). In addition, the highest dietary magnesium intake was significantly inverse associated with non-HDL-C dyslipidemia compared with the lowest magnesium intake (OR = 0.65; 95% CI, 0.46 to 0.91).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Dietary magnesium intake is inversely associated with the risk of future cardiovascular events assessed by the PDAY score and non-HDL-C dyslipidemia in young adulthood years.</p>","PeriodicalId":9039,"journal":{"name":"BMC Public Health","volume":"24 1","pages":"3232"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11580479/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142680839","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Higher HEI-2015 score is associated with reduced risk of fecal incontinence: insights from a large cross-sectional study.","authors":"Zhuhui Zhang, Pengfei Wang, Guoce Cui, Huashan Li","doi":"10.1186/s12889-024-20729-w","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12889-024-20729-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Diet habit plays a vital role in fecal incontinence (FI) progression. However, it remains unknown whether dietary quality is related to FI. Our study sought to explore the relationship between healthy eating index-2015 (HEI-2015) score and FI among US adults.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>An analysis of data from the 2005-2010 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey was conducted in our study. The Bowel Health Questionnaire defined FI as losing liquid, solid, or mucus stool at least monthly. The diet's quality was evaluated using HEI-2015 score. The odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence interval (95%CI) were calculated using multi-variable logistic regression models.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There were 11,452 participants, with 9.3% (1062/11452) who experienced FI. Compared with individuals with inadequate group (HEI score < 50), the adjusted OR values for HEI score and FI in average group (50 ≤ HEI score < 70) and optimal group (HEI score ≥ 70) were 0.89 (95%CI: 0.74-1.07, p = 0.214) and 0.69 (95%CI: 0.52-0.91, p = 0.011), respectively. Subsequent stratified analyses did not reveal any interactions.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>High-quality diets are related with a lower risk of FI. Therefore, it is imperative to take into account the potential impact of diet on FI when devising strategies for the treatment and prevention.</p>","PeriodicalId":9039,"journal":{"name":"BMC Public Health","volume":"24 1","pages":"3221"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11577588/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142680615","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The use of contracts to implement and manage healthy vending: best practice recommendations for effective and sustained interventions.","authors":"Jane Dancey, Belinda Reeve, Alexandra Jones, Julie Brimblecombe","doi":"10.1186/s12889-024-20771-8","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12889-024-20771-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Contracts can be an effective lever to implement and manage health-enabling food retail environments. However, guidance for the effective use of contracts in food retail settings is limited. The use of contracts to create healthy food vending environments is one area where policy attention has been focussed in high income countries. We applied a public health regulatory framework to publicly available guidance documents on healthy vending to develop best practice recommendations for using contracts to create healthy food vending environments.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Document analysis involved i) snowball sampling to identify eligible publicly available healthy vending guidance documents from an identified seed paper; ii) application of a public health regulatory framework to extract data across three domains of form, substance and governance of healthy vending initiatives; and iii) synthesis of data to form best practice recommendations. Eligible documents were those aimed at implementing healthier vending; published from 2000 onwards; accessible online; and included recommendations beyond nutrition standards alone, including a reference to at least one regulatory governance process (administration, implementation, monitoring, enforcement or review).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Twelve of 92 documents identified were eligible and all were from the United States (US). All noted that products need to comply with nutrition standards. Other aspects of regulatory substance (i.e., pricing, promotion, placement, labelling and contract length) were less well considered as were elements of regulatory governance (regulatory rules, administration, implementation, monitoring, enforcement and review). Our adapted framework covers three regulatory domains with nine components, and a further 20 recommendations for best practice application in healthy vending.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>To be effective, contracts used to manage healthy food vending should include more than the nutrition standards for healthy food and drinks. Clearly stating the contract objectives, operative terms and conditions, and defining responsibilities for monitoring, review and enforcement within the contract, in addition to the nutrition standards, will assist practitioners in creating effective and sustained contract-based initiatives aimed at improving the healthiness of vending, or potentially other food retail environments.</p>","PeriodicalId":9039,"journal":{"name":"BMC Public Health","volume":"24 1","pages":"3219"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11577719/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142675142","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Parkinson's disease in the Lebanese population: knowledge and attitude scales' validation and correlates.","authors":"Soula Abramian, Samah Tawil, Marwan Akel, Chadia Haddad, Pascale Salameh","doi":"10.1186/s12889-024-20620-8","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12889-024-20620-8","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;Parkinson's disease (PD) is a progressive degenerative neurological disorder that negatively affects the quality of life of affected individuals as well as their care givers. There is limited information in both epidemiological data and awareness level on PD in the Middle East. Considering the increasing prevalence of PD, the lack of awareness and negative attitudes toward PD pose a barrier in the provision of appropriate care for individuals with PD.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Objective: &lt;/strong&gt;This study aimed to validate scales to explore the knowledge and attitude towards PD among the general population in Lebanon and identify the associated factors related to the knowledge and attitude assessment. This study's results would guide awareness strategies in the country including public health strategies, campaigns and education sessions for the general population as well as targeted people.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Methodology: &lt;/strong&gt;An online cross-sectional study was conducted between July and September 2023 in Lebanon. Snowball sampling was used to recruit 400 Lebanese adults living in Lebanon. The validity and reliability of the knowledge and attitude scales were assessed, followed by a thorough statistical analysis to explore the factors associated with these scales.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;The knowledge and attitude scales generated by this study were valid and reliable; Cronbach's alpha values for knowledge and attitude scales were 0.697 and 0.901, respectively. Using these scales, 91.8% demonstrated inappropriate knowledge and 93% showed positive attitude towards PD. Higher knowledge scores were significantly associated with female gender (Beta = 1.130), being a healthcare professional (Beta = 2.514), having heard about PD (Beta = 5.338), obtaining the source of information from electronic databases (Beta = 1.283), from pharmacist or physician (Beta = 1.212), from personal readings (Beta = 2.386), and having PD or knowing someone with PD; a friend or a family member (Beta = 1.179). However, being illiterate or having primary or secondary education (Beta = -0.874), having a higher household crowding index (Beta = -1.890), not knowing if contents from sources provide negative images about PD (Beta = - 1.908) and preferring not to say to which social class they belong (Beta = - 1.602) were significantly associated with lower knowledge scores. Believing that contents from sources provide negative images about PD (Beta = 8.246) was significantly associated with a higher attitude score, i.e., a more negative attitude towards PD.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;This study showed low levels of knowledge and an overall positive attitude towards PD in Lebanon. Factors associated with higher knowledge and attitude scores, including gender, education level, profession, knowing someone with the disease, household crowding index, social class, source of information and contents of such sources, reflect the need to consider thos","PeriodicalId":9039,"journal":{"name":"BMC Public Health","volume":"24 1","pages":"3227"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11580560/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142680722","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence and correlates of physical bullying behaviours (on/off-school property) among adolescents in Saint Vincent and the Grenadines.","authors":"Jacob Owusu Sarfo, Paul Obeng, Priscilla Y A Attafuah, Newton Isaac Gbordzoe, Crescens Osei Bonsu Ofori","doi":"10.1186/s12889-024-20732-1","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12889-024-20732-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Bullying remains a serious public health and educational concern among school-going adolescents worldwide. However, no national survey has examined the prevalence and correlates of physical bullying (on and off-school property) among school-going adolescents in the Island country of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines. This study sought to examine the prevalence and correlates of physical bullying among adolescents from St. Vincent and the Grenadines.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We analysed data from the 2018 Global School-based Student Health Survey using Pearson Chi-square and Binomial Logistic Regression, with an adjusted odds ratio (AOR) at a 95% confidence interval (CI).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among this population, physical bullying on/off-school property was prevalent among 24% and 18%, respectively. After adjusting for other predictors, we found that males were less likely to be bullied on school property than females. However, being a younger adolescent (≤ 15 years old), being physically attacked, cyberbullied, having close friends, and having suicidal ideas were associated with increased odds of being physically bullied on school property. Also, being physically attacked, cyberbullied, worried, and having suicidal plans increased the odds of being physically bullied off school property.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>We recommend a multidisciplinary approach to adolescent bullying prevention in Saint Vincent and the Grenadines and countries with similar characteristics based on our findings.</p><p><strong>Trail registration: </strong>Global School-Based Student Health Survey 2018 (VCT_2018_GSHS_v01) Registered August 20, 2021, https://extranet.who.int/ncdsmicrodata/index.php/catalog/878.</p>","PeriodicalId":9039,"journal":{"name":"BMC Public Health","volume":"24 1","pages":"3228"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11580554/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142680726","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Iron deficiency anemia and its association with cognitive function among adolescents in the Ashanti Region - Ghana.","authors":"Francis Agyemang Yeboah, Joyce Bioh, Benjamin Amoani, Alfred Effah, Ebenezer Senu, Oscar Simon Olympio Mensah, Alex Agyei, Samuel Kwarteng, Samuel Kwame Sopuruchi Agomuo, Stephen Opoku, Samuel Kekeli Agordzo, Ebenezer Krampah Aidoo, Samuel Asamoah Sakyi","doi":"10.1186/s12889-024-20640-4","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12889-024-20640-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Iron deficiency anemia (IDA) remains a global health concern, and has been associated with cognitive decline. However, very few studies have explored the association between IDA and cognitive function among Ghanaians. We assessed the association between IDA and cognitive function among adolescents in the Ashanti region, Ghana.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This cross-sectional study involved 250 adolescents from Kumasi, Ghana. Sociodemographic and dietary data were obtained using a well-structured questionnaire. Blood samples were drawn for estimation of ferritin and complete blood count. The Test of Non-verbal Intelligence (TONI-4) was used to assess cognitive function. Binary logistic regression was used to determine the predictors of cognitive function.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The prevalence of IDA was 30.4%, which was higher among adolescents with poor cognitive performance test scores (CPTS) (71%). Being female [aOR = 0.32, 95% CI (0.10-0.99), p = 0.0480)], father having junior high education [aOR = 0.08, 95% CI (0.02-0.45), p = 0.0040)], being in a category B school [aOR = 0.26, 95% CI (0.09-0.81), p = 0.0200)] and C [aOR = 0.08, 95% CI (0.02-0.40), p = 0.0020)] and non-fruit consumption [aOR = 0.18, 95% CI (0.06-0.52), p = 0.0010)], were significantly associated with lower likelihood of having very good cognitive function. Moreover, ferritin (r = 0.451, p < 0.001) and hemoglobin (r = 0.402, p < 0.001) demonstrated a moderate positive correlation with CPTS.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The prevalence of IDA is high in our study population and was linked with poor cognitive function. Adolescents with IDA had low cognitive performance test scores. High levels of hemoglobin and ferritin showed a moderate correlation with higher cognitive performance. These findings suggest that adolescents' cognitive function may be moderately influenced by IDA, highlighting the potential impact of iron status on cognitive outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":9039,"journal":{"name":"BMC Public Health","volume":"24 1","pages":"3209"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11575446/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142675043","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rapid FEV1 decline and the effects of both FEV1 and FVC on cardiovascular disease: A UK biobank cohort analysis.","authors":"Jiahui Zhang, Junru Wang, Xiaojun Ma, Yali Wang, Kai Liu, Zhuoyuan Li, Jing Wang, Lisha Na, Jiangping Li","doi":"10.1186/s12889-024-20716-1","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12889-024-20716-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The relationship between lung function and cardiovascular disease (CVD) has emerged as a significant research focus in recent years, but studies on the effects of both forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1) and forced vital capacity (FVC) remain limited.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Among 29,662 participants in the UK Biobank study free of CVD, rapid lung function decline was defined as the decline in either FEV1 (greatest quartile), FVC (greatest quartile), or both (when both FEV1 and FVC exceeded the greatest quartile). CVDs include coronary heart disease (CHD), arrhythmias, heart failure (HF), peripheral arterial disease (PAD), and other CVDs (including endocarditis, stroke, and myocardial diseases). Cox proportional hazards models were used to explore the associations between lung function and CVD incidence. Fine‒Gray models were used to account for the competing risk of death.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among 29,662 participants in the UK Biobank study free of CVD, the adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) for FEV1 rapid decline were 1.150 (95% CI: 1.009-1.311) for CHD, 1.307 (95% CI: 1.167-1.465) for arrhythmias, 1.406 (95% CI: 1.084-1.822) for HF, 1.287 (95% CI: 1.047-1.582) for PAD, 1.170 (95% CI: 1.022-1.340) for other CVDs, and 1.216 (95% CI: 1.124-1.315) for composite CVD. The adjusted HRs for the impact of both rapid decreases in FEV1 and FVC were 1.386 (95% CI: 1.226-1.567) for arrhythmias, 1.390 (95% CI: 1.041-1.833) for HF, 1.222 (95% CI: 1.054-1.417) for other CVDs, and 1.230 (95% CI: 1.128-1.340) for composite CVD.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The rapid decline in FEV1 and the impact of both FEV1 and FVC are closely associated with the subsequent incidence of various CVDs and composite CVD.</p>","PeriodicalId":9039,"journal":{"name":"BMC Public Health","volume":"24 1","pages":"3214"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11575200/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142675067","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sexual and reproductive health of Sudanese refugee girls in Chad: mixed methods study with perspectives from 12-19 year old girls, parents, and health workers.","authors":"Sara E Casey, Alexis Ngarmbatedjimal, Theodora Varelis, Aminata Diarra, Thérèse Kodjimadje, Mahamat Abdelaziz, Valentin Djerambete, Yodé Miangotar, Salomon Tamira, Alladoum Ndingayande, Katchebe Vourbane, Robert Madjigoto, Samy Luketa, Vincent de Paul Allambademel","doi":"10.1186/s12889-024-20581-y","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12889-024-20581-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>In humanitarian settings, refugee girls' vulnerability to negative sexual and reproductive health (SRH) outcomes and the barriers they face to access to SRH services increase. Despite global guidelines on adolescent sexual and reproductive health and rights (SRHR) in humanitarian settings, evidence on the diverse knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors of refugee adolescents are limited.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This mixed methods study used a cross-sectional survey and participatory research activities to explore the knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors of 12-19 year old refugee girls from Darfur living in two refugee camps in Wadi-Fira, Chad. Focus group discussions with parents of adolescents and in-depth interviews with health workers were conducted to better understand community attitudes toward adolescent SRHR and barriers to accessing services.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Overall, SRH knowledge, including of contraceptive methods, was mixed, but older girls had better knowledge than younger girls. Despite stigma around adolescent sexual activity expressed in this community, 20.9% of girls had already had sex. The majority of girls believed that health workers would maintain confidentiality if they sought contraception. Among girls who had ever had sex, 18.0% were currently using a modern contraceptive. None were using a long-acting method, but most obtained their method at the camp health center. Parents and health workers described how social stigma toward premarital sex and unintended pregnancy impeded adolescent access to SRHR information and services, although the midwives described helping girls to seek contraception.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Despite community stigma towards premarital sex and contraception for adolescents, some girls in the camps successfully managed to receive a contraceptive method, demonstrating both their interest in and need for contraception. Although midwives were largely supportive of adolescent access, expanding contraceptive service delivery channels and making services more adolescent-responsive would further increase adolescent access. Gender transformative programming engaging girls and boys, should be expanded to improve adolescent knowledge and self-efficacy with respect to SRHR. These efforts must also engage parents and community members to create an enabling environment for adolescent SRHR and reduce stigma.</p>","PeriodicalId":9039,"journal":{"name":"BMC Public Health","volume":"24 1","pages":"3217"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11577843/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142675095","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A protocol for a randomized controlled trial of couples motivational interviewing to reduce drug use and HIV transmission risk among male couples in the US: the Couples Health Project.","authors":"Tyrel J Starks, Joseph R Hillesheim, Juan Castiblanco, Gabriel Robles, Karen S Ingersoll, Angulique Y Outlaw, Demetria Cain","doi":"10.1186/s12889-024-20719-y","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12889-024-20719-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>To reduce substance use and sexual HIV transmission risk among sexual minority men (SMM) requires the development of interventions tailored for those in relationships. In the past 5 years, there have been considerable advances in the development of motivational nterviewing (MI) with couples. The Couples Health Project (CHP) is the first multi-session risk reduction protocol built on this formative research. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the efficacy of CHP relative to a standard of care control - couples HIV testing and counseling (CHTC).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Eligibility includes couples where both partners are aged 18 or older, identify as cisgender male (assigned male sex at birth and identify as male gender), live in the US, and can communicate in English. Additionally, at least one partner has to be aged 18-34, HIV-negative, report recent drug use (excluding cannabis) and report condomless anal sex during the past 30 days. Couples are randomized post-baseline assessment to either CHP or CHTC. Follow-up assessments are completed at 3, 6, and 9-months post-randomization.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>Findings from this trial will inform the practice of MI with couples. If found efficacious, the CHP intervention would be the first multi-session MI with couples' risk reduction protocol designed for use by substance use treatment or HIV prevention service providers who wish to engage SMM and their relationship partners.</p><p><strong>Protocol version: </strong>1.0; April 1, 2024.</p><p><strong>Trial registration: </strong>ClinicalTrials.gov Protocol Registration; NCT06307977; completed March 6, 2024; https://register.</p><p><strong>Clinicaltrials: </strong>gov/ .</p>","PeriodicalId":9039,"journal":{"name":"BMC Public Health","volume":"24 1","pages":"3216"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11577815/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142674967","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}