BMC Psychiatry最新文献

{"title":"Prevalence and predictors of non-medical and lifetime use of controlled drugs among patients accessing mental health services at the university of Gondar comprehensive specialized hospital: Northwest Ethiopia.","authors":"Tesfaye Yimer Tadesse, Zemene Demelash Kifle, Meaza Adugna, Betelhem Fisiha, Tefera Teshager, Mulugeta Ashagrie, Jibril Seid Yesuf","doi":"10.1186/s12888-025-07092-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12888-025-07092-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Nonmedical prescription drug use (NMPDU) typically refers to the consumption of medications that have not been prescribed to the user or are used in a manner not intended by the prescriber. NMPDU may pose various health risks, including the development of abuse or dependence, particularly in individuals with mental health problems. This issue, however, has not yet been thoroughly assessed in Ethiopia.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>We determined the prevalence and predictors of controlled prescription drugs, non-medical, and lifetime use among patients accessing mental health services in the University of Gondar Comprehensive Specialized Hospital (UoGCSH).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted at UoGCSH from June 17, 2022, to July 28, 2022, involving 146 participants. A convenience sampling technique was used to recruit the study participants, and data were collected through face-to-face interviews using a semi-structured questionnaire. The data were analyzed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 25. Descriptive analysis was conducted to examine sociodemographic characteristics and the prevalence of Controlled Prescription Drugs (CPD) use. Multivariate logistic regression was performed to identify predictors, with statistical significance set at P ≤ 0.05.</p><p><strong>Result: </strong>Of the 146 participants, 12 (8.20%): 95% CI (3.63-12.81) reported having used CPD for non-medical purposes at some point in their lifetime. The most commonly used drugs were tramadol capsules and tramadol injections, reported by 11 participants (91.7%), and followed by amitriptyline (8.3%). The odds of CPD use were significantly higher among patients treated in the outpatient setting (AOR = 7.609, 95% CI = 1.429-40.507) compared to those treated as inpatients. Nine (75%) participants reported using CPD for non-medical purposes to relieve post-operative pain, while the remaining participants cited restlessness as the primary reason for their use.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The results of this study revealed that tramadol, in both intravenous and oral forms, was the most frequently abused drug. It was found that patients treated in outpatient settings had greater exposure to CPD use. It is crucial to evaluate the impact of nonmedical CPD use on the health of individuals with mental health conditions and prioritize efforts to improve the quality of care for high-risk individuals.</p>","PeriodicalId":9029,"journal":{"name":"BMC Psychiatry","volume":"25 1","pages":"638"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144538348","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The association of age of onset on suicide attempts in patients with chronic schizophrenia: a cross-sectional study.","authors":"Quanfeng Zhu, Jinjin Wang, Yan Wang, Xiang-Yang Zhang","doi":"10.1186/s12888-025-07059-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12888-025-07059-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>There are differences in some clinical symptoms among patients with schizophrenia at different ages of onset. However, the association of age at onset on the prevalence and associated factors of suicide attempts in schizophrenia is still unclear.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 949 patients with chronic schizophrenia in stable phase were enrolled. The onset of schizophrenia at or before age of 25 years was regarded as youth-onset (YO), and the onset after age of 25 years was regarded as non-youth-onset (NYO). Insomnia Severity Index (ISI), Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS), Interpersonal Reactivity Index (IRI), Toronto Alexithymia Scale (TAS), Mini-mental State Examination (MMSE), and Repeatable Battery for the Assessment of Neuropsychological Status (RBANS) were used to assess insomnia, psychotic symptoms, empathy, narration, and cognitive abilities of the subjects, respectively.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There was no significant difference in the prevalence of suicide attempts between patients with YO and NYO (P > 0.05). Among YO patients, those with suicide attempts had significantly higher PANSS total scores, positive factor scores, excitability/hostility factor scores, and depression/anxiety factor scores (all P < 0.001), with the positive factor scores (P < 0.001, β = 0.18, OR = 1.19, 95%CI:1.10-1.30) and depression/anxiety factor scores (P < 0.001, β = 0.23, OR = 1.26, 95%CI:1.13-1.41) being independent risk factors for suicide attempts. However, the risk of suicide attempts in NYO patients was not significantly correlated with these factors.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>There was no significant difference in the prevalence of suicide attempts between YO and NYO schizophrenic patients, whereas there was a significant difference in their associated influencing factors.</p>","PeriodicalId":9029,"journal":{"name":"BMC Psychiatry","volume":"25 1","pages":"600"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144538349","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Understanding the burden of depression, anxiety and stress among first-year undergraduate students.","authors":"Umar Haruna, Abdul-Raheem Mohammed, Mary Braimah","doi":"10.1186/s12888-025-07069-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12888-025-07069-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study investigated the levels of depression, anxiety, and stress among first-year university students and predictors of depression, anxiety, and stress among this cohort of students. Six hundred and eighty-eight (688) first-year undergraduate students were sampled for the study. The Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale-21 (DASS-21) was used to assess the prevalence of mental health issues. The results showed prevalence rates for depression, anxiety, and stress among students were 49%, 75%, and 73.26%, respectively. Females reported higher levels of all three variables. There were positive correlations between academic stress and depression (r =.27), anxiety (r =.21), and stress (r =.23), all significant at p <.001. These results suggest that depression, anxiety, and stress are common mental health issues among undergraduate students, affecting individuals to varying degrees and influenced by a range of factors.</p>","PeriodicalId":9029,"journal":{"name":"BMC Psychiatry","volume":"25 1","pages":"632"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144538361","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Being in a different world: a phenomenological study of life with gender dysphoria.","authors":"Nasrin Rezaee, Mahnaz Ghaljeh, Sally Pezaro, Zahra Ghiasi, Marjan Mardani-Hamooleh","doi":"10.1186/s12888-025-07110-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12888-025-07110-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Individuals with gender dysphoria are exposed to greater health risks and are increasingly seeking medical care. In pursuit of gender equity and improved healthcare outcomes, this study aimed to explore the lived experiences of individuals with gender dysphoria in Iran, where the 'traditional' gender binary constitutes an integral aspect of Islamic social ethics.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We employed a qualitative approach using a phenomenological hermeneutic framework. Fourteen individuals with gender dysphoria were recruited to participate using purposive sampling. Face-to-face and semi-structured interviews were used to collect data, which was subsequently analysed using the seven-stages of Critical Hermeneutic Analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Our findings revealed how people living with gender dysphoria experienced a lack of social and cultural support and distressing psychological experiences. Theme (1) lacking social and cultural support included the following sub-themes; rejection by family and society; lack of legal support and being victims of cultural taboos. Theme (2) distressing psychological experiences included the following sub-themes; disgust in relation to sexual characteristics and gender conformity, fear, and anxiety about disclosing one's authentic gender. In this study, a constitutive pattern emerged of \"being in a different world\". Participants experienced being beaten, abused, suicidal ideation and death threats.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This research was carried out in a unique cultural and religious context in which government jurisprudence is implemented. In Iran, individuals with gender dysphoria require social, familial support along with legal and medical frameworks which enable access to gender affirming care. The experience of gender dysphoria is deeply influenced by cultural factors. Thus, cultural and educational interventions are required in Iran to change both attitudes and perceptions. These may include endorsement of change by law and policy makers through public and television appearances.</p>","PeriodicalId":9029,"journal":{"name":"BMC Psychiatry","volume":"25 1","pages":"646"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144538304","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of acceptance and commitment therapy on negative emotions, automatic thoughts and psychological flexibility for depression and its acceptability: a meta-analysis.","authors":"Yanxiang Zou, Ruxuan Wang, Xiaochen Xiong, Cheng Bian, Shirui Yan, Yanhong Zhang","doi":"10.1186/s12888-025-07067-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12888-025-07067-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Acceptance and Commitment therapy (ACT) has been widely used in patients with depression. However, its effectiveness in improving psychological flexibility and reducing automatic thoughts remains uncertain. This meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) aimed to evaluate the effects of ACT on depression, anxiety, automatic thought, and psychological flexibility in patients with depression, as well as its acceptability.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>RCTs were systematically searched in nine databases and gray literature, with the last update on March 25, 2025. Effect sizes were synthesized using a random-effects model, and subgroup analyses were conducted to explore potential heterogeneity. Publication bias was corrected using three methods: PET-PEESE, selection models, and robust Bayesian meta-analysis. The certainty of evidence was evaluated using the GRADE approach.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 13 RCTs from 1362 patients were included in this meta-analysis. Pooled results showed that ACT significantly improved depression [SMD = - 0.66 (- 0.80, - 0.52), P <.001, I² = 24% (0%, 75%), Certainty: Low], anxiety [SMD = - 0.43 (- 0.77, - 0.10), P <.05, I² = 77% (34%, 97%), Certainty: Moderate], and psychological flexibility [SMD = 0.50 (0.35, 0.66), P <.001, I² = 36% (0%, 83%), Certainty: Moderate] compared with controls at post-test. However, there was no significant positive effect on automatic thoughts [SMD = - 0.28 (- 0.69, 0.12), P =.17, I² = 65% (0%, 97%), Certainty: Very low]. Notably, the positive effects of ACT on depression, anxiety and psychological flexibility were maintained at follow-up. Furthermore, the difference in acceptability between ACT and the control condition was not statistically significant (P ≥.05). Subgroup analyses indicated that face-to-face ACT was more effective than internet-based ACT.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>According to the GRADE assessment, the certainty of the evidence ranges from very low to moderate. ACT appears to significantly improve depressive symptoms, anxiety, and psychological flexibility in individuals with depression. However, its effects on automatic thoughts and its acceptability still require further investigation.</p><p><strong>Meta-analysis registration on prospero: </strong>CRD42024533794.</p>","PeriodicalId":9029,"journal":{"name":"BMC Psychiatry","volume":"25 1","pages":"602"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144538310","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficacy and mechanisms underlying MRI-guided high-definition transcranial direct current stimulation for depression among university students: study protocol for a stepped wedge cluster randomized controlled trial.","authors":"Yuanle Chen, Rongxun Liu, Jinnan Yan, Peng Luo, Luhan Yang, Yongbin Wang, Guangjun Ji, Chuansheng Wang, Wei Zheng, Fei Wang, Yong Meng, Yange Wei","doi":"10.1186/s12888-025-07118-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12888-025-07118-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>In worldwide, the prevalence of depression among university students raises year by year. Although current interventions for depression may be effective, only about one-third experiencing complete response. There is a critical need for more effective, precision, and personalized approaches for depression. High-definition transcranial direct current stimulation (HD-tDCS) shows promise as a potential intervention in depression, yet its optimal stimulation parameters and neural mechanisms remain unclear. In this study, we aim to evaluate the effectiveness of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-guided HD-tDCS in depression among university students and explore its neural mechanisms.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>In this stepped-wedge cluster randomized controlled trial, all participants will be randomly assigned to four groups. During the intervention, all groups will receive sham stimulation at week 1. With each subsequent week, one group will transition to active intervention. All groups will be receiving active intervention in week 5. Structural MRI data for each participant will be acquired to select the optimal electrode placement and correct for individual anatomical differences. The central anodal electrode will be positioned over the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC), and four return electrodes will be placed 3.5 cm from the central electrode to form a circular current loop. The HD-tDCS will be delivered at a current intensity of 2 mA for 30 min per day, 5 days per week. Psychological assessment will conduct at week 0 (baseline), 1-5, and 9. MRI measurements will be performed before and after HD-tDCS. The primary outcome measures are changes in the Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression (HAMD) and Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9). Secondary outcomes are severity of anxiety, insomnia, and stress. Furthermore, we will employ functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) and MRI to explore the neural mechanisms underlying the effects of HD-tDCS on depression.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>This study will facilitate the development of precision interventions for depression at an individual level. Multi-modal imaging approaches will provide a deepened insight into the role of MRI-guided HD-tDCS in depression and may ultimately improve intervention strategies among university students.</p><p><strong>Trial registration: </strong>This study is registered in https://www.chictr.org.cn/ under protocol registration number ChiCTR2400094235 (date of registration: 19. December. 2024). Recruitment will start in March 2025.</p>","PeriodicalId":9029,"journal":{"name":"BMC Psychiatry","volume":"25 1","pages":"630"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144538311","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring the mechanistic link between the oxytocinergic system and mindfulness training in adults with heightened stress: study protocol for a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial (MOX-MIND).","authors":"E van Weert, H J De Vuyst, K Van der Gucht, E Debbaut, J Steyaert, K Alaerts","doi":"10.1186/s12888-025-07077-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12888-025-07077-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Oxytocin administration is increasingly considered a novel therapeutic support option for alleviating psychological distress in stress-related neuropsychiatric conditions, including anxiety disorders and depression. However, oxytocin as a stand-alone treatment may fail to consistently target the relevant central autonomic circuitry without a complementary supportive therapeutic context that similarly stimulates stress-regulatory states and behaviors. Recent findings suggest that the neurophysiological mechanisms underlying stress regulation induced by mindfulness may rely on an activation of the endogenous oxytocinergic system. Accordingly, combining oxytocin with a mindfulness-based training program may enhance efficacy compared to each intervention alone.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial will be conducted in 120 adults with heightened stress complaints, randomly assigned to one of the following four treatment arms (n = 30 per group): (1) oxytocin + mindfulness, (2) mindfulness + placebo, (3) oxytocin, and (4) placebo (control). The oxytocin or placebo nasal spray will be administered four times a week in the morning before each mindfulness session for six weeks, followed by a six-week post-treatment follow-up session. Primary endpoints include self-reported behavioral measures of stress, depression, and anxiety. Secondary endpoints include self-reported behavioral measures of mood, mindfulness skills, quality of life, sleep quality, and negative thinking. Exploratory measures include (i) electroencephalography (EEG), electrocardiography (ECG), skin conductance, and respiration, measured during rest, meditation, stress induction, and stress recovery; (ii) intervention-induced changes in biological samples, including hormonal levels of oxytocin and cortisol and DNA methylation of the oxytocin receptor gene (OXTR); and (iii) stress reactivity in daily life, assessed through experience sampling and heart rate/sleep monitoring. All outcome measures will be assessed at baseline (T0), immediately post-intervention (T1), and at six-week follow-up (T2).</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>These findings could provide valuable insights into how combining oxytocin and mindfulness-based interventions might enhance stress regulation, particularly in populations with impaired oxytocinergic function.</p><p><strong>Trial registration: </strong>This trial was registered in the EU Clinical Trials Register (EU CT 2024-513482-39-00) on 18 March 2025.</p>","PeriodicalId":9029,"journal":{"name":"BMC Psychiatry","volume":"25 1","pages":"622"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144538317","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"High testosterone levels associated with elevated suicidal risk in male adolescents with depression.","authors":"Han Wang, Nan Lyu, Juan Huang, Bingbing Fu, Lili Shang, Fan Yang, Ling Zhang, Qian Zhao","doi":"10.1186/s12888-025-07098-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12888-025-07098-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Adolescent suicide, as a public health issue, is becoming increasingly urgent, yet there remains a lack of effective objective biomarkers for identifying high-risk adolescents. While testosterone has been linked to suicide, no definitive conclusions have been reached. Studies in specific populations defined by significant changes in age or hormone levels and by gender have shown greater reproducibility. This study aims to investigate the association between testosterone levels and suicidal ideation or behavior in male and female adolescents with major depressive disorder (MDD).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective, cross-sectional study included 1227 adolescents with MDD, aged 10-19 years, hospitalized at the Beijing Anding Hospital, Capital Medical University, from January 2013 to December 2020. Patients were categorized into two groups: those with suicidal ideation or behavior (MDS) and those without (MDNS). Demographic data, clinical characteristics, and serum testosterone levels at admission were extracted and compared. An additional 579 adolescents meeting the same inclusion criteria were included for validation, with data collected from January 2022 to December 2023.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In male adolescents, testosterone levels were significantly higher in the MDS group compared to the MDNS group(Z = -4.340, P < 0.001). After adjusting for confounding factors, testosterone levels remained significantly associated with suicidal ideation or behavior (OR = 1.220, 95% CI: 1.098-1.356). This finding was confirmed in the validation data set (OR = 1.444, 95% CI: 1.139-1.832). No significant difference in testosterone levels was observed in females (Z = 1.643, P = 0.100).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Elevated serum testosterone levels were independently associated with increased risk of suicidal ideation or behavior in male adolescents with MDD, but not in females. These findings highlight the necessity for sex-specific biomarkers, however, due to the intrinsic limitations of the current study, they necessitate further validation.</p><p><strong>Clinical trial number: </strong>Not applicable.</p>","PeriodicalId":9029,"journal":{"name":"BMC Psychiatry","volume":"25 1","pages":"643"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144538319","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigating the psychometric properties of the Premenstrual Symptoms Screening Tool (PSST) among Bangladeshi adolescent girls.","authors":"Md Saiful Islam, Maliha Khan Majlish, Md Saif Mahabub, Mahmudur Rahman, Md Shefatul Islam, Md Salim Uddin, Marc N Potenza, Kamrun Nahar Koly","doi":"10.1186/s12888-025-06678-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12888-025-06678-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Premenstrual syndrome (PMS) and premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD) affect many reproductive-aged women and can significantly impact their quality of life, including academic performance, relationships, and mental health, perhaps even leading to suicidal behavior. However, there was no validated, robust, and psychometrically sound instrument to screen for symptoms in the Bangladeshi context. This study aimed to translate and adapt a widely used instrument, the Premenstrual Symptoms Screening Tool (PSST) in the Bangladeshi context, and to assess the prevalence of PMS and PMDD among adolescent girls in Bangladesh.</p><p><strong>Methodology: </strong>A cross-sectional study was conducted among 939 adolescent girls in Bangladesh aged 11-19 years using the \"Konnect\" platform of a2i between April to October 2022. Data were collected through a pre-tested semi-structured questionnaire that included informed consent, socio-demographic information, menstrual history, the Depression Anxiety and Stress Scale 21 (DASS-21), and the PSST scale. Statistical analysis, including descriptive statistics and confirmatory factor analysis, was performed using IBM SPSS Statistics (version 25.0) and IBM SPSS Amos (version 26.0). Convergent validity was assessed by correlating the Bangla version of the PSST with depression, anxiety, and stress subscales of the DASS-21.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The prevalence estimates of moderate to severe PMS and PMDD were 33.16%, and 19.05%, respectively. Item-level analysis showed that the measurement items were normally distributed which suggested measurement of the same construct. The Bangla version of the PSST demonstrated excellent internal consistency (Cronbach alpha = 0.96) and convergent validity. The total PSST score was positively and significantly correlated with depression (r = 0.54), anxiety (r = 0.50), and stress (r = 0.50), suggesting convergent validity. The scale-level psychometric properties were satisfactory, indicating an excellent fit to the data and supporting convergent validity.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The Bangla version of the PSST was found to be a valid screening tool for assessing PMS in women in Bangladesh. It will help to identify and address their healthcare needs, promote well-being, and advance further research in the Bangladeshi context.</p>","PeriodicalId":9029,"journal":{"name":"BMC Psychiatry","volume":"25 1","pages":"606"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144538326","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Involving young people with lived experience in advancing mental health science: an exploratory qualitative study from Pakistan and India.","authors":"Syed Usman Hamdani, Zill-E- Huma, Bhismadev Chakrabarti, Syeda Wajeeha Zafar, Ayella Gillani, Vaishali Bagrodia, Amy Finlay Jones","doi":"10.1186/s12888-025-07062-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12888-025-07062-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Meaningful involvement of young People with Lived Experience (PWLE) in co-designing youth mental health interventions has been much emphasized globally. However, there is a scarcity of evidence on involving PWLE of mental health problems in designing, implementing and evaluating mental health interventions, especially in Low- and Middle-Income Countries (LMICs). The aim of the current study was to understand the perspectives of young PWLE from two South Asian countries, Pakistan and India, regarding \"Active Ingredients\" (AIs) for youth mental health (i.e., components or processes of mental health intervention(s) that make a difference to mental health outcomes), as part of the Wellcome Trust AI Commission.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>For this exploratory qualitative study, we conducted 30 qualitative interviews via Zoom with young PWLE from Pakistan (n = 19, 14 females and 5 males) and India (n = 11, 8 females and 3 males) to explore their views about different AIs for youth anxiety and depression in South Asia. The qualitative data was analysed using a thematic analysis approach that moved through the phases of familiarization, generation of codes, searching, identification and review of themes and selection of illustrative quotes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The results show that family and religion are integral to promoting positive youth mental health in the South Asian context. The AIs perceived to be most relevant for Pakistani and Indian young people were (i) improving social relationships; (ii) managing emotions; and (iii) relaxation techniques. Participants highlighted the need to explore the role of family support, personal space, spirituality/religion, schools, mental health literacy and stigma as potential AIs of mental health for young people in South Asia. The need for ease of access to mental health support and minimizing barriers to engagement with mental health services were highlighted as important contextual factors. Our findings highlight the need for culturally responsive youth mental health strategies that incorporate their preferred intervention components and address key challenges including stigma faced by South Asian youth.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The current study highlights specific intervention components and contextual considerations that are important to Indian and Pakistani young PWLE when designing and delivering mental health interventions. Our findings underscore the need to work with young PWLE and consider their context, culture, and resources when developing or evaluating mental health interventions. Given our sample likely represents a relatively advantaged group, future studies can use targeted sampling strategies to capture perspectives of young people from lower socio-economic strata.</p>","PeriodicalId":9029,"journal":{"name":"BMC Psychiatry","volume":"25 1","pages":"647"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144538327","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}