BMC Psychiatry最新文献

{"title":"Mental health of university students twenty months after the beginning of the full-scale Russian-Ukrainian war.","authors":"Marina Polyvianaia, Yulia Yachnik, Jörg M Fegert, Emily Sitarski, Nataliia Stepanova, Irina Pinchuk","doi":"10.1186/s12888-025-06654-1","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12888-025-06654-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Russia's full-scale military invasion of Ukraine on February 24, 2022 led to an increase of anxiety and depressive states, psychosomatic manifestations, and a tendency to abuse alcohol and psychoactive substances in the population. The aim of this paper is to examine the mental health burden among university students twenty months after war and to identify risk and protective factors for mental health problems.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cross-sectional study was conducted among Ukrainian students in October 2023 (n = 1398). The online survey included sociodemographic data collection, evaluation of psychological well-being and measured depression, anxiety, PTSD symptoms and insomnia. Normality of included variables was verified by Kolmogorov-Smirnov test. An independent-samples t-test, Mann-Whitney U-test, χ2 test and analysis of variance were used to compare the data. Differences in PHQ-9 and GAD-7 levels based on sociodemographic characteristics were analyzed using ANOVA. Correlation between variables was calculated with Pearson correlation, adjusted with Benjamini-Hochberg procedure. To develop the predictive model the XGBoost algorithm was employed, additionally, the SHAP algorithm was utilized.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Symptoms of PTSD, as well as moderate and severe symptoms of anxiety, depression, and insomnia, were reported by 48.1%, 34.1%, 33.6%, and 19.3% of students, respectively. The severity of these symptoms varied based on factors such as sex, age, prior trauma experiences, and living conditions. Additionally, the type of relocation (within Ukraine or abroad) significantly influenced mental health outcomes. A majority of participants (68.5%) reported the experience of war-related traumatic events. Factors linked to higher depression symptom scores included lower initial well-being, greater social media use, female gender, exposure to multiple traumatic events, experiences of assault or sexual violence, the loss of a loved one, pre-existing and ongoing mental health treatment during the war, and the use of psychotropic medications.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Ukrainian university students face a significant mental health burden due to the ongoing war, with high rates of reported PTSD, anxiety, depression, and insomnia symptoms. These findings highlight the importance of tailored mental health interventions through different stakeholders that take into account individual needs, past experiences, burdens and social media usage.</p>","PeriodicalId":9029,"journal":{"name":"BMC Psychiatry","volume":"25 1","pages":"236"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11905627/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143613180","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Can prosocial behavior buffer symptom severity and impairment in children and adolescents with ADHD symptoms in a clinical setting?","authors":"Marsida Hysaj, Mathilde R Crone, Jessica C Kiefte-de Jong, Robert R J M Vermeiren","doi":"10.1186/s12888-025-06537-5","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12888-025-06537-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Most research in children with ADHD has focused on risk factors and their outcomes, such as symptom severity as a risk factor for functional impairment. Yet, a small group of studies show that some children function well despite their symptom severity. Preliminary evidence suggests that social protective factors may protect children with ADHD against its negative impact across different domains. The purpose of this study was to evaluate whether prosocial behavior, as a protective factor, buffers the effects of symptoms on impairment in children and adolescents with ADHD symptoms.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this cross-sectional study, we used routinely collected data from the Development and Well-Being Assessment (DAWBA). Reports were included from 822 mothers, 581 fathers, and 1109 teachers, who provided information on the children's symptoms, impairment and prosocial behavior (aged 5-18). To examine the effects of prosocial behavior on the relationship between symptoms and functional impairment, multiple regression analyses were conducted using data from these three perspectives.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Although we did not find buffering effects, regression analyses revealed that parent- and teacher-reported prosocial behavior demonstrated promotive effects on functional impairment, indicating that prosocial behavior may be beneficial in reducing impairment on daily life of children with ADHD. These results were consistent across raters and age-groups, except the mother-rated model for adolescents. Additionally, when investigating these effects by gender, we found that higher prosocial behavior, as observed by fathers, was related to lower impairment for girls.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our results suggest that prosocial behavior should be considered in clinical practice when evaluating impairment scores for ADHD. Finally, our findings plead for more in-depth measures of social protective factors and across different levels, including individual, family, and community levels. This approach will help identify factors that, independently of risks, may positively impact the functioning of these children.</p>","PeriodicalId":9029,"journal":{"name":"BMC Psychiatry","volume":"25 1","pages":"234"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11900256/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143603769","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Help-seeking behavior, treatment barriers and facilitators, attitudes and access to first-line treatment in German adults with obsessive-compulsive disorder.","authors":"Katharina Bey, Severin Willems, Anna Lena Dueren, Alexandra Philipsen, Michael Wagner","doi":"10.1186/s12888-025-06655-0","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12888-025-06655-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Individuals with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) face both personal and system-based barriers in receiving first-line treatment, i.e. cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) with exposure and response prevention (ERP). The present study comprehensively investigated help-seeking behavior, treatment barriers and facilitators, attitudes and access to gold-standard treatment in adults with OCD in Germany. We aimed to characterize the care situation and examine the influence of clinical and sociodemographic variables on help-seeking behavior and receiving treatment.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>An anonymous online survey was performed in individuals with OCD who were recruited in- and outside the psychiatric healthcare system. The survey included a wide range of questions regarding help-seeking behavior, treatment barriers and facilitators, attitudes towards different treatment options and access to treatment. Sociodemographic and clinical characteristics were also collected. The final sample comprised 276 individuals with OCD.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The mean delay to seeking psychotherapeutic treatment was M = 5.15 years (SD = 6.88) and the mean delay to recognition of OCD was M = 5.58 years (SD = 7.16). Of those 211 who had ever received CBT, 49.5% reported that therapist-guided ERP had been performed at some point during treatment. Indicators of poor healthcare, such as longer delay to recognition or a larger number of treatments before receiving ERP were significantly associated with increased symptom severity. Moreover, a younger age was associated with a shorter delay to recognition of OCD. Taboo thoughts (60.9%) and checking (52.9%) were the most commonly reported symptom dimensions, and individuals with current taboo thoughts were significantly more likely to be treated with CBT. Educational websites were identified as the most important facilitators in recognizing OCD and providing information on effective treatment options. Lack of knowledge about treatment options was reported as the most common barrier to seeking/receiving ERP-based treatment.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Delays to the recognition of OCD and to seeking help still exceed 5 years on average, but were reduced in younger individuals, potentially reflecting increased mental health literacy. Although our sample may not be fully representative, our results fill the gap between epidemiological surveys and previous studies in outpatients. Options for improving the care situation are discussed.</p>","PeriodicalId":9029,"journal":{"name":"BMC Psychiatry","volume":"25 1","pages":"235"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11900428/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143603784","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Beyond lifestyle, logic and empathy: subjective health, mood, emotional intelligence, and personality as keys to well-being for women and men.","authors":"Daiva Majauskiene, Albertas Skurvydas, Natalja Istomina, Ruta Dadeliene, Emilija Strazdaite, Dovile Valanciene, Aiste Barbora Uspuriene, Asta Sarkauskiene","doi":"10.1186/s12888-025-06639-0","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12888-025-06639-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In a study involving 831 women and 309 men aged 18 to 64, we sought to explore the key determinants influencing various components of well-being, including happiness, life satisfaction, and vigor/vitality. The determinants examined encompassed sociodemographic variables, health indicators, sedentary behaviors, physical activity, body mass index (BMI), sleep patterns, eating habits, alcohol consumption, smoking, mood indicators, personality traits, emotional intelligence, logical thinking, non-utilitarian decision-making, and adverse childhood experiences. Our findings indicate that happiness, life satisfaction, and vigor are most significantly affected by mood indicators-especially depression-emotional intelligence (particularly the ability to manage emotions), and overall subjective health. Additionally, specific personality traits, such as extraversion in women and neuroticism in men, played a significant role in influencing well-being. Conversely, determinants such as BMI, sleep habits, regular physical activity, sedentary behavior, dietary habits, avoiding smoking and excessive alcohol consumption, as well as logical thinking, non-utilitarian decision-making, and adverse childhood experiences, showed limited or no significant impact on well-being components like happiness, life satisfaction, and vigor. These findings provide valuable insights into the complex dynamics of human well-being, highlighting the distinct determinants of happiness, life satisfaction, and vigor/vitality for men and women.</p>","PeriodicalId":9029,"journal":{"name":"BMC Psychiatry","volume":"25 1","pages":"222"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11900153/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143603768","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Examining the burden of mental disorders in Jordan: an ecological study over three decades.","authors":"Obieda Altobaishat, Mohamed Abouzid, Deemah Omari, Walid Sange, Ahmad K Al-Zoubi, Abdallah Bani-Salameh, Yazan A Al-Ajlouni","doi":"10.1186/s12888-025-06658-x","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12888-025-06658-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Mental disorders are a major public health issue, causing 4.9% of global disability-adjusted life years (DALYs). In Jordan, factors like regional conflicts, economic changes, and population growth contribute to this burden. This study examines the trends and risk factors of mental disorders in Jordan from 1990 to 2021 using Global Burden of Disease (GBD) data.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We analyzed prevalence, deaths, and DALYs of mental disorders from the GBD 2021 dataset, reporting both all-age numbers and age-standardized rates. Key risk factors, including behavioral risks, bullying, childhood sexual abuse, and substance use, were assessed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Mental disorder cases in Jordan rose by 279.8%, from 514,234 in 1990 to 1,953,087 in 2021. Anxiety and depression were the most common in 2021. All-age DALYs increased by 649.6%, while age-standardized DALY rates showed a slight 4.3% rise. Females had higher mental disorder prevalence and DALY rates, while males had higher substance use disorder rates. Behavioral risks, bullying, and childhood sexual abuse were major contributors.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The burden of mental disorders in Jordan has grown significantly over three decades. Limited resources, stigma, and regional instability worsen the issue. Policies focusing on stigma reduction, mental health integration, and prevention are essential.</p>","PeriodicalId":9029,"journal":{"name":"BMC Psychiatry","volume":"25 1","pages":"218"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11895291/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143603781","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Needs of the network: a qualitative study of the needs of family members, partners and close friends of people with a severe mental illness (SMI).","authors":"Gwen van Husen, Thijs J Burger, Mariken B de Koning, Matty A S de Wit, Menno W Segeren, Aartjan T F Beekman","doi":"10.1186/s12888-025-06607-8","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12888-025-06607-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Mental healthcare for people with a severe mental illness (SMI) is increasingly being delivered in a deinstitutionalized setting. Community-dwelling, ambulatory care and support, and the associated treatment goals have implications for the roles and experiences of family members and close friends of people with an SMI. This study aims to provide a deeper understanding of what social network members of people with an SMI need to cope with the effects of the illness and possible caregiving responsibilities and remain involved.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This qualitative study focusses on the perspectives of social network members of people with an SMI residing in independent or supported housing in an urban setting. Between 2020 and 2023, thirty adult family members, partners, and friends of people with an SMI were interviewed. We used reflexive thematic analysis to analyze the data, resulting in three themes of perceived needs and useful support.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>(1) Needs related to mental healthcare and support services to the person with an SMI. Quality care and support for the person with an SMI were a priority for participants. They specifically wanted more robust care and support concerning mental health crises, daytime activities and housing support. (2) Needs concerning the way mental healthcare and support services involve the social network. Participants wanted professionals providing care and support to the person with an SMI to structurally acknowledge the role, possibilities and limitations of the social network around that person. (3) Needs resulting from their relationship with a person with an SMI. Many participants wanted information and education about SMI and the care provision, improved interaction skills, financial and practical assistance, social and peer support, the opportunity to (temporarily) take a step back or psychological support for themselves.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Creating a closer connection between the worlds of social network members and professionals is crucial. Social network members can experience a profound sense of loss and desperation as they navigate the complexities of being a family member, partner or friend of a person with an SMI. Recognizing how this desperation and deep-felt loss feed into the high hopes and expectations that social network members place on mental healthcare and support services, can help professionals in their interaction with social network members. This study underscores the importance of mental healthcare and support services in structurally extending its attention to social network members of people with an SMI. Considering the impact of the illness on social network members and acknowledging their needs and expectations, can contribute to social network members and professionals finding common ground, fostering a more sustainable support system around people with an SMI.</p>","PeriodicalId":9029,"journal":{"name":"BMC Psychiatry","volume":"25 1","pages":"220"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11895330/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143603119","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Psychometric testing of Chinese version of screening tools (PASS) and GAD among perinatal population: hospital based evidence 2023.","authors":"Xiaoying Zhong, Mei He, Xiujing Guo, Xixi Li, Bangjun Wang, Changqing Pan, Rong Hu, Hongjing Wu","doi":"10.1186/s12888-025-06670-1","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12888-025-06670-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Anxiety disorders are increasing worldwide, untreated anxiety is linked to maternal and child health outcomes. The purpose of this study is to test psychometric properties of the Perinatal Anxiety Screening Scale (PASS) among Chinese women.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The PASS was translated into Chinese following Beaton's intercultural debugging guide. A total of 494 women in the antenatal and postnatal phase participated ( 268 antenatal and 186 postnatal ) were recruited between March 2023 and July 2023 from two hospitals in Sichuan Province, China. The instruments included the demographic characteristics form, PASS, Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS), and Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7). The confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), internal consistency reliability and convergent validity were assessed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The mean age of the participant was 31.67 years (SD = 3.78; range from 23 to 49). The CFA showed that four-factor model of the Chinese-PASS had an excellent fit to the data ( χ2 = 1481.2477; df = 425; χ2/df = 3.485; RMSEA = 0.071; CFI = 0.871; NNFI = 0.828; TLI = 0.859; and IFI = 0.871). The Cronbach's alpha coefficient of total scale was 0.950, and the split-half reliability of total scale was 0.907. The PASS significantly correlated with EPDS (r = 0.732) and GAD-7 (r = 0.763). The area under the ROC curve for PASS scores was 0.91 (SE = 0.01; 95% CI = 0.89-0.94). At cut-off score of ≥ 19.5, the sensitivity was 0.87. The area under the ROC curve for GAD-7 scores was 0.89 (SE = 0.02; 95% CI = 0.86-0.92). At cut-off score of ≥ 3.5, the sensitivity was 0.82.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The result of this study show that the Chinese-PASS had a reasonably adequate validity and reliability and can be used to screen for anxiety disorder among women during the perinatal period.</p>","PeriodicalId":9029,"journal":{"name":"BMC Psychiatry","volume":"25 1","pages":"230"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11900119/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143603454","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Relevant factors contributing to risk of suicide among adolescents.","authors":"Lingfei Cheng, Weijie Song, Yanli Zhao, Hongxin Zhang, Jian Wang, Jingyu Lin, Jingxu Chen","doi":"10.1186/s12888-024-06421-8","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12888-024-06421-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Adolescent suicide is a major public health concern; therefore, this study evaluated the factors related to suicide risk in adolescents.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A questionnaire-based, cross-sectional survey was conducted in Beijing, China. Participants completed general information questionnaires developed for this study: the Patient Health Questionnaire-9; Generalized Anxiety Disorder 7-item; Revised Adverse Childhood Experience Questionnaire; Self-Hate Scale; Adolescent Non-Suicidal Self-Injury Assessment Questionnaire; and the Chinese version of the five-item MINI, suicide module. SPSS 22.0 software was used for the data statistics and Spearman's correlation analysis, and the significance of the mediating effect was tested using the non-parametric percentile bootstrapping method with bias correction.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Girls had a higher risk of suicide than boys (χ² = 16.443). Adolescents with suicide risk compared to those without suicide risk were more likely to experience depression (z = 19.359, p < .001), anxiety (z = 19.958, p < .001), adverse childhood experiences (z = 17.866, p < .001), self-hate (z = 18.926, p < .001), and non-suicidal self-injury (z = 21.593, p < .001). In the mediation analysis, adverse childhood experiences directly affected suicide risk; the direct effect was 0.135, with 50.94% of the variance explained (p < .001). Adverse childhood experiences indirectly affected suicide risk through self-hate; the indirect effect was 0.130, with 49.06% of the variance explained (p < .001).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Sex, depression, anxiety, adverse childhood experiences, self-hate, and non-suicidal self-injury were associated with suicide risk in adolescents. Self-hate mediated the relationship between adverse childhood experiences and suicide risk. Suicide prevention efforts should focus on reducing the negative impact of these risk factors. This study provides important evidence-based support for adolescent suicide prevention and intervention strategies.</p><p><strong>Clinical trial number: </strong>Not applicable.</p>","PeriodicalId":9029,"journal":{"name":"BMC Psychiatry","volume":"25 1","pages":"217"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11895159/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143603463","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The relationship between VAI, LAP, and depression and the mediation role of sleep duration-evidence from NHANES 2005-2020.","authors":"Yiqing Huang, Dan Zhao, Zhongfang Yang, Changning Wei, Xichenhui Qiu","doi":"10.1186/s12888-025-06631-8","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12888-025-06631-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The relationship between obesity and mental health has attracted attention. However, large sample studies on the relationship between visceral fat obesity and depression are lacking. This study aimed to explore the relationship between visceral fat obesity and depression by using visceral adiposity index (VAI) and lipid accumulation product (LAP). Additionally, it sought to explore the potential mediating role of sleep duration in these associations.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The data used in the current cross-sectional investigation are from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) spanning from 2005 to 2020, including 19,659 participants. Depression was measured using the nine-item Patient Health Questionnaire. Weighted multivariable regression analysis was used to evaluate the correlation of VAI and LAP with depression. The potential non-linear relationship was determined using smooth curve fitting and threshold effect analysis. Additionally, mediation analysis was performed to investigate the potential mediating role of sleep duration. The stability of the relationship was assessed through sensitivity analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>VAI and LAP were closely related to depression. In the fully adjusted model, VAI and LAP in the highest quartile increased the association of depression by 52% (OR = 1.52, 95% CI 1.20-1.92, P < 0.001) and 51% (OR = 1.51, 95% CI 1.19-1.91, P < 0.001), respectively, compared with the lowest quartile. Specific saturation effects for VAI, LAP, and depression were identified by smoothed curve fitting, with inflection points of 3.81 and 98.55, respectively. Additionally, mediation analysis revealed that 5.1% and 2.8% of the associations between VAI and LAP with depression were mediated through sleep duration. The results of the sensitivity analysis showed interactions between hypertension and cardiovascular disease in the associations of VAI, and depression (P < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>VAI and LAP are associated with depression in US adults. The associations between VAI and LAP with depression are non-linear, which may be mediated through sleep duration. The study highlights the potential of VAI and LAP as valuable tools for the prevention and management of depression.</p>","PeriodicalId":9029,"journal":{"name":"BMC Psychiatry","volume":"25 1","pages":"228"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11899296/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143603474","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The role of cytokines in predicting the therapeutic effect of non-suicidal self-injury in adolescents: a longitudinal study.","authors":"Na Du, Yu Xiao, Yun-Ge Li, Chun-Ya Li, Ya-Lan Li, Jia Chen, Xin Li, Yao Li, Ya-Ling Zhou, Li-Shi Luo, Ping Wang","doi":"10.1186/s12888-025-06650-5","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12888-025-06650-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Neuroinflammatory processes are directly involved in the pathogenesis of non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) among adolescents. However, their role in predicting the outcome of adolescent NSSI is unknown. This study aimed to explore the relationship between inflammatory cytokines and their effect on NSSI treatment through a prospective investigation.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Thirty-two healthy adolescents and 199 adolescents who had engaged in NSSI were recruited. Blood samples were obtained from all participants to determine the concentration of inflammatory cytokines at enrollment. Thereafter, the NSSI group completed surveys on their NSSI behaviors after 3, 6, and 12 months. The outcomes of their NSSI behaviors were evaluated using the indexes of NSSI number and NSSI impulsivity.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The results showed that the mean NSSI number and NSSI impulsivity of the participants both showed a decline tendency over time. However, regarding the NSSI number, the significant treatment effect only emerged after 6 months. The abnormal rates of IL-1βand IL-8 levels of the NSSI group were significantly higher than those of healthy controls (χ² = 3.945, 27.394; P < 0.05). In the regression models, high IL-8 level (β: 0.225, 95% CI: 0.001, 0.005; p = 0.001), high TNF-α level (β: 0.157, 95% CI: 0.023, 0.244; p = 0.018), and low IL-10 level (β: - 0.261, 95% CI: - 2.678, - 0.901; p = 0.017) could predict the treatment effect of NSSI number. High level of IL-8 (β: 0.233, 95% CI: 0.002, 0.009; p = 0.001) and long duration of medical treatment (β: 0.285, 95% CI: 0.234, 0.649; p < 0.001) could predict the treatment effect of NSSI impulsivity. When considering the two indexes together, the role of screened-out cytokines, IL-8 (OR = 1.065, 95% CI: 1.032,1.099; p < 0.001), TNF-α (OR = 1.839, 95% CI: 1.063, 3.182; p = 0.029) and IL-10 (OR = 0.031, 95% CI: 0.002, 0.541; p = 0.017), were still stable.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Employing the assessment of inflammatory cytokines among adolescents who engage in NSSI may be helpful in predicting their treatment outcome and designing other suitable treatment schemes in advance.</p><p><strong>Trial registration: </strong>registered in https://www.medicalresearch.org.cn/ . Retrospectively registered: registered in https://www.chictr.org.cn/ .</p><p><strong>Registration number: </strong>ChiCTR2500097375. Date of registration: 18th February, 2025.</p>","PeriodicalId":9029,"journal":{"name":"BMC Psychiatry","volume":"25 1","pages":"225"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11900266/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143603476","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}