BioMed Research International最新文献

{"title":"Unlocking Dreams and Dreamless Sleep: Machine Learning Classification With Optimal EEG Channels.","authors":"Luis Alfredo Moctezuma, Marta Molinas, Takashi Abe","doi":"10.1155/bmri/3585125","DOIUrl":"10.1155/bmri/3585125","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Research suggests that dreams play a role in the regulation of emotional processing and memory consolidation; electroencephalography (EEG) is useful for studying them, but manual annotation is time-consuming and prone to bias. This study was aimed at developing an EEG-based machine learning (ML) model to automatically identify dream and dreamless states in sleep. We extracted features from EEG data using common spatial patterns (CSPs) and the discrete wavelet transform (DWT) and used them to classify EEG signals into dream and dreamless states using ML models. To determine the most informative channels for classification, we used the permutation-based channel selection method and the nondominated sorting genetic algorithm II (NSGA-II). We evaluated our proposal using a public dataset that is part of the DREAM project, which was collected from 58 EEG channels during rapid eye movement (REM) and non-REM sleep, while 28 subjects reported dream or dreamless experiences. We achieved accuracies greater than 0.85 to distinguish dream and dreamless states using CSP-based feature extraction combined with <i>k</i>-nearest neighbors (KNN), as well as through multiple combinations of EEG channels identified by channel selection methods. Our findings suggest that as few as 8-10 EEG channels may be sufficient for dream recognition. Excluding one subject at a time during model training revealed challenges in generalizing the models to unseen subjects. Channel selection methods have proven to be effective in selecting relevant subsets of EEG channels to classify dreams and dreamless experiences. Our results demonstrate the feasibility of automatic dream detection and highlight the need to improve ML generalization.</p>","PeriodicalId":9007,"journal":{"name":"BioMed Research International","volume":"2025 ","pages":"3585125"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11832269/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143439678","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Seroprevalence of Typhoid Fever and Its Associated Risk Factors Among Clinically Diagnosed Febrile Patients Visiting the Outpatient Department at Debark Hospital and Drug Susceptibility Patterns of Isolates.","authors":"Atsede Muleta, Naod Meseret","doi":"10.1155/bmri/1717780","DOIUrl":"10.1155/bmri/1717780","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Typhoid fever is caused by the bacterium <i>Salmonella</i> Typhi, which poses major health problems in developing countries, including Ethiopia. However, there is limited information regarding typhoid fever, contributing factors with it, and its drug susceptibility pattern in the research area. The aim of this study was to determine the seroprevalence of typhoid fever and its associated risk factors among clinically diagnosed febrile patients at Debark Hospital and evaluate the drug susceptibility patterns of the isolates. A hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 158 febrile patients from December 2022 to April 2023. Blood and stool samples were collected from each febrile patient. The Widal test was used to test <i>Salmonella</i> Typhi O and H antigens sera from blood, and bacteria were cultured from the stool. Gram staining and biochemical analyses were carried out for each isolate. Antibiotic susceptibility testing was performed for the isolates using Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion techniques. Descriptive statistics and logistic regression were used for analysis. In this study, the seroprevalence of typhoid fever among febrile patients at Debark Hospital was 22.8%. Gender (adjusted odds ratio (AOR): 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.02, 0.31, <i>p</i> ≤ 0.001), marital status (AOR: 95% CI: 2.63, 4.66, <i>p</i> ≤ 0.001), family size (AOR: 95% CI: 0.01, 0.31, <i>p</i> ≤ 0.001), residence (AOR: 95% CI: 0.09, 0.83, <i>p</i> = 0.021), practice of using toilet (AOR: 95% CI: 0.08, 0.086, <i>p</i> = 0.027), washing fruits and vegetables before eating (AOR: 95% CI: 0.12, 0.87, <i>p</i> = 0.025), and awareness of typhoid fever transmission and prevention (AOR: 95% CI: 0.12, 0.91, <i>p</i> = 0.032) are the associated risk factors for typhoid fever. Fifty percent of the isolates showed multidrug resistance to two or more antibiotics. It was suggested that improving personal hygiene, providing safe drinking water, and careful use of antibiotics could considerably reduce the prevalence of typhoid fever in the study area.</p>","PeriodicalId":9007,"journal":{"name":"BioMed Research International","volume":"2025 ","pages":"1717780"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11824479/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143413156","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Factors Influencing Solid Waste Management Practices and Challenges in Awi Administrative Zone, Northwestern Ethiopia.","authors":"Belsti Atnkut, Atalaye Nigussie, Bulti Kumera, Alemu Tsega, Fekadu Tiruneh, Wondwosson Kibrie Minale, Fentanesh Anemut, Ewunetu Tazebew, Baye Terefe, Amare Fassil, Getaneh Gebeyehu, Tess Astatkie","doi":"10.1155/bmri/1311674","DOIUrl":"10.1155/bmri/1311674","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background:</b> Effective management of solid waste, generated as a result of human activities, is crucial. However, improper solid waste management seriously threatens the environment and public health in developing countries including Ethiopia. <b>Objective:</b> This study is aimed at assessing the status of solid waste management practices and identifying key factors in Awi Administrative Zone, Ethiopia. <b>Methods:</b> A community-based cross-sectional study design was used to collect the data and then analyze using descriptive statistics and logistic regression modeling. The survey was conducted in select kebeles (wards) (administrative subdivisions) of Injibara, Dangila, and Chagni towns, using two-stage sampling techniques. Primary and secondary data sources were utilized. The per capita waste generation rate was calculated based on the total solid waste generated in kilograms per total family size of households per year. <b>Results:</b> The per capita per day solid waste generation rates for Injibara, Dangila, and Chagni were 0.443, 0.456, and 0.487 kg/capita/day, respectively. The composition of household solid waste mainly consisted of biodegradable and nonbiodegradable materials. It was concluded that a significant proportion of household solid waste comprised biodegradable organic matter, which could be efficiently recycled or decomposed through microbial activity. Of the households, 40.6% had access to door-to-door solid waste collection service, and 35.9% and 26.2% of the households disposed their solid waste on riverside bridge/drainage lines and roadside/open land, respectively. The regression analysis showed that the head of the household's age, family size, monthly income, solid waste selling practice, solid waste reduction practice, awareness of solid waste disposal rules, frequency of household cleanup campaign participation, and awareness of the impacts of improper solid waste management on the environment and human health were significantly associated with improper solid waste management practices. <b>Conclusion:</b> The study revealed poor performance in solid waste management in the study area, attributed to factors such as inadequate collection system design and schedule, open burning of refuse, substandard condition of the final dumpsite, and lack of community awareness leading to illegal dumping. <b>Recommendations:</b> Based on the findings of the study, we recommend that the town municipality strengthen its door-to-door solid waste collection service and distribution of communal bin containers, conduct environmental assessments for better dumpsite selection, and implement a community-based waste management system to ensure sustainable solutions and continuous education on proper solid waste management practices.</p>","PeriodicalId":9007,"journal":{"name":"BioMed Research International","volume":"2025 ","pages":"1311674"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11824480/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143413035","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identification of Novel lncRNAs Related to Colorectal Cancer Through Bioinformatics Analysis.","authors":"Razieh Heidari, Vahideh Assadollahi, Seyedeh Negar Marashi, Fatemeh Elahian, Seyed Abbas Mirzaei","doi":"10.1155/bmri/5538575","DOIUrl":"10.1155/bmri/5538575","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) plays a critical role in cancer cell proliferation, invasion, metastasis, and chemoresistance. The current study introduces novel lncRNAs in colorectal cancer (CRC) through bioinformatics analysis. GSE134834 CRC-related microarray of Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) was analyzed to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in CRC samples against normal samples. Analysis revealed 6763 DEGs (<i>p</i> < 0.05 and |log fold change (FC)| ≥ 0.5) that include differentially expressed mRNA (DEmRNA) and differentially expressed long noncoding RNA (DElncRNA). Novel lncRNAs were identified, and to better understand the biological function of the identified lncRNAs, gene modules were constructed using weighted gene coexpression network analysis (WGCNA), and finally, two modules for lncRNAs were obtained. The coexpression modules with these lncRNAs were subjected to enrichment analysis in FunRich software to predict their functions through their coexpressed genes. Gene ontology results of modules related to novel lncRNA revealed they significantly enriched the cellular pathways regulation in cancer. The protein-protein interaction (PPI) network of novel lncRNAs-related modules was constructed using Search Tool for the Retrieval of Interacting Genes (STRING) and visualized using the Cytoscape software. Hub genes were screened from the PPI network by the CytoHubba plug-in of Cytoscape. The hub genes were <i>MRTO4</i>, <i>CDK1</i>, <i>CDC20</i>, <i>RPF2</i>, <i>NOP58</i>, <i>NIFK</i>, <i>GTPBP4</i>, <i>BUB1</i>, <i>BUB1B</i>, and <i>BOP1</i> for the lightpink4 module and <i>BYSL</i>, <i>RPS23</i> (ribosomal protein S23), <i>RSL1D1</i> (ribosomal L1 domain containing 1), <i>NAT10</i>, <i>NOP14</i>, <i>GNL2</i>, <i>MRPS12</i>, <i>NOL6</i> (nucleolar protein 6), <i>IMP4</i>, and <i>RRP12</i> (ribosomal RNA processing 12 homolog) for the pink module. The expression levels of the top DEmRNA and module hub genes in CRC were validated using the Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis (GEPIA) database. Generally, our findings offer crucial insight into the hub genes and novel lncRNAs in the development of CRC by bioinformatics analysis, information that may prove useful in the identification of new biomarkers and treatment targets in CRC; however, more experimental investigation is required to validate the findings of the present study.</p>","PeriodicalId":9007,"journal":{"name":"BioMed Research International","volume":"2025 ","pages":"5538575"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11824705/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143413015","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Six Years' Trend Analysis of Antimicrobial Resistance Among Bacterial Isolates at Public Health Institute in Amhara Region, Ethiopia.","authors":"Asrat Agalu Abejew, Teferi Gedif Fenta, Gizachew Yismaw Wubetu","doi":"10.1155/bmri/7676973","DOIUrl":"10.1155/bmri/7676973","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background:</b> Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is one of the top global threats to public health. This study determined trends in AMR from 2016 to 2021 in a regional research laboratory in Northwest Ethiopia. <b>Methods:</b> Data from 2016 to 2021 was extracted from a database. Bacterial identification and resistance tests were made using the standard microbiologic procedures. The results were described, trends in AMR were determined using polynomial regressions, and binary logistic regression at <i>p</i> value < 0.05 was used. <b>Results:</b> From 2016 to 2021, 25,143 specimens were sent for culture and susceptibility testing, among which 16,825 (66.9%) bacteria were isolated. About 12,528 (74.5%) isolates were gram-negative, and 4297 (25.5%) were gram-positive. <i>Klebsiella pneumoniae</i> (3783, 30.2%) and <i>Escherichia coli</i> (3199, 25.5%) were the most common gram-negative bacteria, whereas coagulase-negative <i>Staphylococcus</i> spp. (CoNS) (1765, 40.1%) and <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> (1293, 30.1%) were the most common gram-positive bacteria. The overall prevalence of AMR was 2738 (59.9%), of which about 1807 (66.0%) accounted for gram-negative and 931 (34.0%) for gram-positive bacteria. <i>K. pneumoniae</i> (743, 80.2%), <i>Enterobacter cloacae</i> (196, 74.8%), and <i>Acinetobacter baumannii</i> (213, 66.6%) were the most common resistant isolates among gram-negative bacteria, while CoNS (406, 58%), <i>Streptococcus</i> species (34, 50%), and <i>S. aureus</i> (196, 37%) were from gram-positive bacteria. About 571 (20.9%) of bacteria were resistant to 2-10 drugs. The overall trend of AMR has been rising from year to year, reaching a peak in 2019 which was approximately 66% and then after has been predicted to decline. <b>Conclusion:</b> AMR in the regional laboratory is prevalent and has been increasing although the quadratic equation has revealed downward-opening parabola over time. A growing number of multidrug-resistant bacteria are an alarm to awaken policymakers and those concerned to intervene before it is too late. This calls for a periodic, integrated, and continuing system to monitor AMR for commonly used antibiotics.</p>","PeriodicalId":9007,"journal":{"name":"BioMed Research International","volume":"2025 ","pages":"7676973"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11824853/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143412853","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Occurrence, Risk Factors, and Antibiotic Resistance Patterns of <i>Salmonella</i> Isolates Obtained From Dairy Farms in Gondar Town, Northwest Ethiopia.","authors":"Tsedalu Yirsa, Alene Tigistu","doi":"10.1155/bmri/7778947","DOIUrl":"10.1155/bmri/7778947","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background:</b> Salmonellosis is a foodborne diarrheal disease with significant public health and economic implications for humans and animals. Nevertheless, its epidemiological effects and multidrug resistance remain poorly studied in the study area. <b>Methods:</b> A cross-sectional study was conducted from March to August 2022 to determine the occurrence, risk factors, and antibiotic susceptibility patterns of <i>Salmonella</i> isolates in the study dairy farms. A total of 232 samples (200 study animals and 32 bulk tank milk) were collected from purposively selected dairy farms in the study area. Again, fecal and bulk tank milk samples were collected, pre-enriched, and cultured to examine the presence of <i>Salmonella</i> following standard techniques. The pure 30 isolates were also subjected to a Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion test on Muller-Hinton agar to assess their antibiotic susceptibility patterns. Binary logistic regression analysis in Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) Version 25 was used to determine the strength of the risk factors associated with the occurrence of this disease. <b>Findings:</b> The overall prevalence of <i>Salmonella</i> isolates was 12.9% (30/232) across all samples. Among these, 11.5% (23/200) of the fecal samples from the study animals and 21.9% (7/32) of the bulk tank milk samples tested positive for this disease. A statistically significant association was observed between the presence of the <i>Salmonella</i> isolates and the age of the study animals, farm size, bedding, and udder washing practices. The isolates also showed the highest resistance to ampicillin (100%) and tetracycline (96.7%). Conversely, the isolates were most sensitive to ciprofloxacin (100%) and kanamycin (90%). <b>Conclusions:</b> Generally, the high presence of <i>Salmonella</i> isolates and its resistance to drugs pose significant economic and public health challenges. Thus, it is crucial to implement improved management practices and appropriate antibiotic therapies in the study dairy farms.</p>","PeriodicalId":9007,"journal":{"name":"BioMed Research International","volume":"2025 ","pages":"7778947"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11824497/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143413030","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Current Concepts and Investigations of Fracture-Related Infection.","authors":"Nan Jiang, Chang-Peng Xu, Paul Stoodley, Martin A McNally","doi":"10.1155/2025/9768347","DOIUrl":"10.1155/2025/9768347","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9007,"journal":{"name":"BioMed Research International","volume":"2025 ","pages":"9768347"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11824792/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143413022","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploration of Antioxidative, Antidiarrheal, and Antihyperglycemic Properties of <i>Artocarpus chama</i> Leaves Along With In Silico Analysis.","authors":"Md Shahriar Hossen, K M Nazmul Hasan Refat, Muaz Faruque, Pritam Kundu, Utpal Kumar Karmakar","doi":"10.1155/bmri/9930195","DOIUrl":"10.1155/bmri/9930195","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Artocarpus chama</i> is a rare member of the Moraceae family that is found in some Asian countries. This plant has some therapeutic uses in folk medicine. This project was carried out on the leaves of this plant to explore some of its pharmacological importance. This plant revealed the presence of different phytochemical groups such as reducing sugars, tannins, flavonoids, alkaloids, gums, glycosides, terpenoids, and steroids. This plant has antioxidant compounds, and the total content of phenolic, flavonoid, and tannin was measured at 38.7 mg GAE/g, 298.37 mg QE/g, and 43.9 mg GAE/g, respectively. In the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), H₂O₂, and superoxide scavenging tests, SC₅₀ values were found to be 232.2, 131.67, and 192.12 <i>μ</i>g/mL, respectively. In the FeCl₃ reducing assay, the RC₅₀ was 79.71 <i>μ</i>g/mL. The <i>n-</i>hexane fraction showed a good antidiarrheal effect, while defecation inhibition was 54.42% and 66.29% at 250 and 500 mg/kg doses, respectively. Both <i>n-</i>hexane and ethyl acetate fractions exhibited a good antihyperglycemic effect in the oral glucose tolerance test in the experimental mice. In <i>α</i>-glucosidase inhibition, the IC₅₀ value was 25.043 mg/mL. This extract did not show any promising responses in the diuretic, analgesic, and anthelmintic tests. From gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) investigation, we have found 25 compounds that are displayed in this extricate. After conducting absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion, and toxicity (ADMET) and molecular coupling analysis, we finally selected four compounds which may be further tested in order to isolate newer antidiarrheal and antihyperglycemic compounds from this plant in the future.</p>","PeriodicalId":9007,"journal":{"name":"BioMed Research International","volume":"2025 ","pages":"9930195"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11824862/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143413025","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Variations in the Terminal Branches of the Brachial Plexus in the Axillary Fossa.","authors":"Elena Bozhikova, Stoyan Novakov, Tsvetanka Petleshkova, Zdravka Harizanova, Nikolay Uzunov","doi":"10.1155/bmri/5547451","DOIUrl":"10.1155/bmri/5547451","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background:</b> The brachial plexus is the primary nerve source for the upper limb. Variations in its anatomy can alter the nerve supply to the upper extremity. Such deviations are clinically important, as they can change the symptomatology of various pathologic conditions, leading to misdiagnosis, inadequate treatment, and surgical failures as a consequence. <b>Materials and Methods:</b> The upper limbs of 16 human cadavers (32 extremities) were dissected at the Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Medical University-Plovdiv, Bulgaria. Eight cadavers were male and eight female, with age ranging 40-95 years (mean age: 72.63 years). <b>Results:</b> Three variations (18.8%) were identified unilaterally, exclusively in male cadavers; however, no statistically significant sex-based distribution was observed. The first variation involved a communicating branch between the musculocutaneous nerve and median nerve. The second was a high bifurcation of the radial nerve in the axillary fossa into two divisions. The third one was a communicating branch between the axillary nerve and the radial nerve, forming a loop beneath the subscapular artery. <b>Conclusion:</b> Our study identified greater variability in the branches of the posterior cord compared to the existing literature. These variations must be taken under clinical consideration to prevent diagnostic, therapeutic, and surgical errors.</p>","PeriodicalId":9007,"journal":{"name":"BioMed Research International","volume":"2025 ","pages":"5547451"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11760582/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143045549","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Seroprevalence of Hepatitis B and C and HIV Infections and Associated Risk Factors Among Pregnant Women Attending Antenatal Care Unit at Simada Hospital, South Gondar Zone, Northwest Ethiopia.","authors":"Solomon Tesfaye, Tirngo Abebaw, Endalkachew Bizualem, Daniel Mehabie, Amir Alelign","doi":"10.1155/bmri/6895237","DOIUrl":"10.1155/bmri/6895237","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Hepatitis and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) are major public health issues in developing countries, including Ethiopia. These viruses can be transmitted from mother to child during birth or through contact with contaminated blood. In many areas of Ethiopia, viral hepatitis and HIV infections are significant health concerns for pregnant women. However, there is limited information about these issues in various parts of the country, particularly in the Amhara Region. Therefore, this study was aimed at determining the prevalence of Hepatitis B virus (HBV), Hepatitis C virus (HCV), and HIV infections and identifies the associated risk factors among pregnant women attending an antenatal care (ANC) unit at Simada Hospital, Amhara Region, Northwest Ethiopia. A hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted on 248 pregnant women from January 2021 to March 2021. Five milliliters of venous blood was collected from each study participant, and serum was tested for Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg), anti-HCV, and anti-HIV antibodies using commercially available rapid test kits. A logistic regression analysis was used to identify possible risk factors for the occurrence of hepatitis and HIV infections. The overall seroprevalence of HBV, HCV, and HIV infections was 10 (4%), 5 (2%), and 5 (2%), respectively. Prevalence of coinfection was 1.2% (3/248), 0.4% (1/248), and 0.4% (1/248) for HBV/HCV, HBV/HIV, and HCV/HIV, respectively. History of abortion (adjusted odds ratio (AOR) = 11.028, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.671-72.776, <i>p</i> value = 0.013) and a history of blood transfusions (AOR = 11.298, 95%CI = 1.066-119.777, <i>p</i> value = 0.044) were observed to be significantly associated with an increased risk of HBV infections. However, having multiple sexual partners (AOR = 18.819, 95%CI = 1.074-329.680, <i>p</i> value = 0.045) and history of abortion (AOR = 12.550, 95%CI = 1.174-134.202, <i>p</i> value = 0.036) were the only significant predictors of HCV and HIV infection, respectively. In the current study, we found an intermediate prevalence of HBV and HCV in pregnant women. Therefore, continuous screening of pregnant women for the stated viral infections should be performed to minimize the transmission of the viruses to their children.</p>","PeriodicalId":9007,"journal":{"name":"BioMed Research International","volume":"2025 ","pages":"6895237"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11737906/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142999569","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}