BioMed Research International最新文献

{"title":"Occurrence, Risk Factors, and Antibiotic Resistance Patterns of <i>Salmonella</i> Isolates Obtained From Dairy Farms in Gondar Town, Northwest Ethiopia.","authors":"Tsedalu Yirsa, Alene Tigistu","doi":"10.1155/bmri/7778947","DOIUrl":"10.1155/bmri/7778947","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background:</b> Salmonellosis is a foodborne diarrheal disease with significant public health and economic implications for humans and animals. Nevertheless, its epidemiological effects and multidrug resistance remain poorly studied in the study area. <b>Methods:</b> A cross-sectional study was conducted from March to August 2022 to determine the occurrence, risk factors, and antibiotic susceptibility patterns of <i>Salmonella</i> isolates in the study dairy farms. A total of 232 samples (200 study animals and 32 bulk tank milk) were collected from purposively selected dairy farms in the study area. Again, fecal and bulk tank milk samples were collected, pre-enriched, and cultured to examine the presence of <i>Salmonella</i> following standard techniques. The pure 30 isolates were also subjected to a Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion test on Muller-Hinton agar to assess their antibiotic susceptibility patterns. Binary logistic regression analysis in Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) Version 25 was used to determine the strength of the risk factors associated with the occurrence of this disease. <b>Findings:</b> The overall prevalence of <i>Salmonella</i> isolates was 12.9% (30/232) across all samples. Among these, 11.5% (23/200) of the fecal samples from the study animals and 21.9% (7/32) of the bulk tank milk samples tested positive for this disease. A statistically significant association was observed between the presence of the <i>Salmonella</i> isolates and the age of the study animals, farm size, bedding, and udder washing practices. The isolates also showed the highest resistance to ampicillin (100%) and tetracycline (96.7%). Conversely, the isolates were most sensitive to ciprofloxacin (100%) and kanamycin (90%). <b>Conclusions:</b> Generally, the high presence of <i>Salmonella</i> isolates and its resistance to drugs pose significant economic and public health challenges. Thus, it is crucial to implement improved management practices and appropriate antibiotic therapies in the study dairy farms.</p>","PeriodicalId":9007,"journal":{"name":"BioMed Research International","volume":"2025 ","pages":"7778947"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11824497/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143413030","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Current Concepts and Investigations of Fracture-Related Infection.","authors":"Nan Jiang, Chang-Peng Xu, Paul Stoodley, Martin A McNally","doi":"10.1155/2025/9768347","DOIUrl":"10.1155/2025/9768347","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9007,"journal":{"name":"BioMed Research International","volume":"2025 ","pages":"9768347"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11824792/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143413022","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploration of Antioxidative, Antidiarrheal, and Antihyperglycemic Properties of <i>Artocarpus chama</i> Leaves Along With In Silico Analysis.","authors":"Md Shahriar Hossen, K M Nazmul Hasan Refat, Muaz Faruque, Pritam Kundu, Utpal Kumar Karmakar","doi":"10.1155/bmri/9930195","DOIUrl":"10.1155/bmri/9930195","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Artocarpus chama</i> is a rare member of the Moraceae family that is found in some Asian countries. This plant has some therapeutic uses in folk medicine. This project was carried out on the leaves of this plant to explore some of its pharmacological importance. This plant revealed the presence of different phytochemical groups such as reducing sugars, tannins, flavonoids, alkaloids, gums, glycosides, terpenoids, and steroids. This plant has antioxidant compounds, and the total content of phenolic, flavonoid, and tannin was measured at 38.7 mg GAE/g, 298.37 mg QE/g, and 43.9 mg GAE/g, respectively. In the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), H₂O₂, and superoxide scavenging tests, SC₅₀ values were found to be 232.2, 131.67, and 192.12 <i>μ</i>g/mL, respectively. In the FeCl₃ reducing assay, the RC₅₀ was 79.71 <i>μ</i>g/mL. The <i>n-</i>hexane fraction showed a good antidiarrheal effect, while defecation inhibition was 54.42% and 66.29% at 250 and 500 mg/kg doses, respectively. Both <i>n-</i>hexane and ethyl acetate fractions exhibited a good antihyperglycemic effect in the oral glucose tolerance test in the experimental mice. In <i>α</i>-glucosidase inhibition, the IC₅₀ value was 25.043 mg/mL. This extract did not show any promising responses in the diuretic, analgesic, and anthelmintic tests. From gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) investigation, we have found 25 compounds that are displayed in this extricate. After conducting absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion, and toxicity (ADMET) and molecular coupling analysis, we finally selected four compounds which may be further tested in order to isolate newer antidiarrheal and antihyperglycemic compounds from this plant in the future.</p>","PeriodicalId":9007,"journal":{"name":"BioMed Research International","volume":"2025 ","pages":"9930195"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11824862/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143413025","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Variations in the Terminal Branches of the Brachial Plexus in the Axillary Fossa.","authors":"Elena Bozhikova, Stoyan Novakov, Tsvetanka Petleshkova, Zdravka Harizanova, Nikolay Uzunov","doi":"10.1155/bmri/5547451","DOIUrl":"10.1155/bmri/5547451","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background:</b> The brachial plexus is the primary nerve source for the upper limb. Variations in its anatomy can alter the nerve supply to the upper extremity. Such deviations are clinically important, as they can change the symptomatology of various pathologic conditions, leading to misdiagnosis, inadequate treatment, and surgical failures as a consequence. <b>Materials and Methods:</b> The upper limbs of 16 human cadavers (32 extremities) were dissected at the Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Medical University-Plovdiv, Bulgaria. Eight cadavers were male and eight female, with age ranging 40-95 years (mean age: 72.63 years). <b>Results:</b> Three variations (18.8%) were identified unilaterally, exclusively in male cadavers; however, no statistically significant sex-based distribution was observed. The first variation involved a communicating branch between the musculocutaneous nerve and median nerve. The second was a high bifurcation of the radial nerve in the axillary fossa into two divisions. The third one was a communicating branch between the axillary nerve and the radial nerve, forming a loop beneath the subscapular artery. <b>Conclusion:</b> Our study identified greater variability in the branches of the posterior cord compared to the existing literature. These variations must be taken under clinical consideration to prevent diagnostic, therapeutic, and surgical errors.</p>","PeriodicalId":9007,"journal":{"name":"BioMed Research International","volume":"2025 ","pages":"5547451"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11760582/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143045549","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Seroprevalence of Hepatitis B and C and HIV Infections and Associated Risk Factors Among Pregnant Women Attending Antenatal Care Unit at Simada Hospital, South Gondar Zone, Northwest Ethiopia.","authors":"Solomon Tesfaye, Tirngo Abebaw, Endalkachew Bizualem, Daniel Mehabie, Amir Alelign","doi":"10.1155/bmri/6895237","DOIUrl":"10.1155/bmri/6895237","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Hepatitis and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) are major public health issues in developing countries, including Ethiopia. These viruses can be transmitted from mother to child during birth or through contact with contaminated blood. In many areas of Ethiopia, viral hepatitis and HIV infections are significant health concerns for pregnant women. However, there is limited information about these issues in various parts of the country, particularly in the Amhara Region. Therefore, this study was aimed at determining the prevalence of Hepatitis B virus (HBV), Hepatitis C virus (HCV), and HIV infections and identifies the associated risk factors among pregnant women attending an antenatal care (ANC) unit at Simada Hospital, Amhara Region, Northwest Ethiopia. A hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted on 248 pregnant women from January 2021 to March 2021. Five milliliters of venous blood was collected from each study participant, and serum was tested for Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg), anti-HCV, and anti-HIV antibodies using commercially available rapid test kits. A logistic regression analysis was used to identify possible risk factors for the occurrence of hepatitis and HIV infections. The overall seroprevalence of HBV, HCV, and HIV infections was 10 (4%), 5 (2%), and 5 (2%), respectively. Prevalence of coinfection was 1.2% (3/248), 0.4% (1/248), and 0.4% (1/248) for HBV/HCV, HBV/HIV, and HCV/HIV, respectively. History of abortion (adjusted odds ratio (AOR) = 11.028, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.671-72.776, <i>p</i> value = 0.013) and a history of blood transfusions (AOR = 11.298, 95%CI = 1.066-119.777, <i>p</i> value = 0.044) were observed to be significantly associated with an increased risk of HBV infections. However, having multiple sexual partners (AOR = 18.819, 95%CI = 1.074-329.680, <i>p</i> value = 0.045) and history of abortion (AOR = 12.550, 95%CI = 1.174-134.202, <i>p</i> value = 0.036) were the only significant predictors of HCV and HIV infection, respectively. In the current study, we found an intermediate prevalence of HBV and HCV in pregnant women. Therefore, continuous screening of pregnant women for the stated viral infections should be performed to minimize the transmission of the viruses to their children.</p>","PeriodicalId":9007,"journal":{"name":"BioMed Research International","volume":"2025 ","pages":"6895237"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11737906/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142999569","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identification and Characterization of a Protease Producing <i>Bacillus cereus</i> Strain From Tannery Waste for Efficient Dehairing of Goat Skin.","authors":"Md Ekhlas Uddin, Md Ramjan Sheikh, Md Asaduzzaman, Sohel Ahmed, Sukalyan Kumar Kundu, Abu Ali Ibn Sina","doi":"10.1155/bmri/7639181","DOIUrl":"10.1155/bmri/7639181","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Environmental pollution has been a significant concern for the last few years. The leather industry significantly contributes to the economy but is one of Bangladesh's most prominent polluting industries. It is also responsible for several severe diseases such as cancer, lung diseases, and heart diseases of leather workers because they use bleaching agents and chemicals, and these have numerous adverse effects on human health. The study was aimed at isolating, identifying, and molecularly characterizing bacteria that produce protease enzymes that are highly capable of dehairing goat hide. Several attempts were made to isolate and identify protease-producing bacterial strains from different soil samples of tannery wastes. Initially, a total of four isolates were selected from tannery soil. After the different phenotypic and morphological characterization, one isolate (BS2) showed Gram-positive, rod-shaped, and spore-forming characteristics and could produce novel hair-degrading protease enzymes. The growth profile and protease activity of the bacteria at 37°C were observed; a basal level of extracellular protease increased with time. The enzyme's proteolytic activity was measured, and the unit of enzyme activity of the enzyme sample was 18.1. The ExPASy server (ProtParam) tool was used to estimate the physicochemical characteristics of the proteins and found molecular weight (MW) (7375.94 Da), aliphatic index (71.56), instability index (II, 80.63), Grand Average of Hydropathy (GRAVY) (-0.231), and isoelectric point (11.41). The protein-protein interactions (PPI) networks were generated using the Search Tool for the Retrieval of Interacting Genes (STRING) database and Cytoscape software. The PSIPRED v.4.0 and SAVES v.6.0 programs were used to determine the secondary and three-dimensional assembly of the selected protein. They found alpha helix (16, 25.00%), extended strand (6, 9.38%), beta-turn (5, 7.81%), and random coil (37, 57.81%). DNA isolation and purification were carried out, and the purity ratio was ~2.17 at 260 and 280 nm. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for amplifying the 16S rRNA gene was conducted, and the isolate was authentically recognized as <i>Bacillus cereus</i> (BS2) based on morphological, biochemical, and molecular analyses. The quantitative assessment has shown that 40 mL of culture centrifugation could dehair 2 × 1 cm of goat leather sample in 9 h. This potential bacterial strain can be used in the leather industry as an ecofriendly alternative to chemical dehairing, which can reduce environmental pollution and the risk of severe diseases among leather industry workers.</p>","PeriodicalId":9007,"journal":{"name":"BioMed Research International","volume":"2025 ","pages":"7639181"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11729492/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142999567","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Seroprevalence of and Associated Risk Factors for Bovine Viral Diarrhea in Dairy Cattle in and Around Nekemte Town, East Wallaga, Oromiya Regional State, Ethiopia.","authors":"Begna Bulcha, Asaminew Tesfaye, Abebe Garoma, Feyisa Begna","doi":"10.1155/bmri/1709145","DOIUrl":"10.1155/bmri/1709145","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) is an important pathogen affecting dairy cattle all over the world by causing significant economic losses due to reproductive and respiratory problems, immunosuppressive effects, increased risk of morbidity, and calf mortality. A cross-sectional study was conducted from February 2021 to August 2021 to determine the seroprevalence of bovine viral diarrhea (BVD) and identify risk factors associated with its occurrence in and around Nekemte Town of Ethiopia. Blood samples were collected from 305 dairy cattle of 41 herds by using cluster-sampling method. All sampled animals were identified by their age, breeds, origin, parity, pregnancy status, and history of reproductive and respiratory problems. Competitive ELISA was used in the laboratory to detect the presence of antibodies in the serum. At the animal and herd level, descriptive statistics were utilized to assess the amount of BVDV viral antibody circulation, and multivariable logistic regression analysis was employed to detect potential risk variables. The result demonstrates 9.84% (95% confidence interval (CI): 6.49-13.18) and 28.52% (95% CI: 23.46-33.59) seroprevalence of BVDV antibody at individual and herd level, respectively. Abortion (odds ratio (OR) = 2.75; <i>p</i> = 0.019), retention of fetal membrane (OR = 3.33; <i>p</i> = 0.011), purchasing of animals (OR = 2.98; <i>p</i> = 0.017), and pregnancy (OR = 3.16; <i>p</i> = 0.019) were variables significantly associated with the seropositivity of BVDV. Herd size was found to be substantially linked with BVDV infection at the herd level (<i>p</i> = 0.009). These moderate seroprevalence of BVDV results indicate that the virus is widely spread among dairy cattle at various farms in and around Nekemte Town, hurting dairy farm production and productivity. To reduce the seroprevalence of this infectious agent, cows with a history of reproductive disorders should be tested, and new animals should be quarantined before being introduced into herds, and more research should be done to assess the impact of reproductive failure and other effects associated with this virus.</p>","PeriodicalId":9007,"journal":{"name":"BioMed Research International","volume":"2025 ","pages":"1709145"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11729507/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142999568","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Antimicrobial Activity of Tea and Agarwood Leaf Extracts Against Multidrug-Resistant Microbes.","authors":"Shah Rucksana Akhter Urme, Syeda Fahmida Ahmed, Md Abdus Shukur Imran, Mst Rubaiat Nazneen Akhand, Mohammad Mehedi Hasan Khan","doi":"10.1155/bmri/5595575","DOIUrl":"10.1155/bmri/5595575","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Emerging multidrug-resistant (MDR) strains are the main challenges to the progression of new drug discovery. To diminish infectious disease-causing pathogens, new antibiotics are required while the drying pipeline of potent antibiotics is adding to the severity. Plant secondary metabolites or phytochemicals including alkaloids, phenols, flavonoids, and terpenes have successfully demonstrated their inhibitory potential against the drug-resistant pathogens. In quest of potential phytochemicals, we selected tea (&lt;i&gt;Camellia sinensis&lt;/i&gt;) and agarwood (&lt;i&gt;Aquilaria malaccensis&lt;/i&gt;) leaves for antimicrobial activity. Fresh tea leaves were collected in three varieties, namely, BT-6, BT-7, and BT-8, including green tea (nonfermented tea), black tea (fully fermented tea), and agarwood leaves collected from Sylhet region of Bangladesh. This study is aimed at analyzing the phytochemical constituency and antimicrobial activity of tea and agarwood leaf extracts and analyzing if there is a combined effect or synergistic activity against multidrug-resistant pathogens. The antimicrobial activity of tea and agarwood leaf extracts was analyzed against MDR pathogenic bacteria and fungus. Qualitative and quantitative phytochemical constituency profiling of these six leaf extracts was evaluated, and preliminary screening exhibited that most of the leaves contained diverse groups of metabolites (alkaloids, tannin, flavonoids, glycosides, saponins, etc.). The highest amounts of TPC (total phenolic content) (110.16 ± 0.48 &lt;i&gt;μ&lt;/i&gt;g/mg) were found in BT-7 in ethanol extracts, and BT-8 in methanol extracts possessed the highest (128.1 ± 0.43 &lt;i&gt;μ&lt;/i&gt;g/mg) TFC (total flavonoid content). Notably, green tea showed remarkable results in TPC and TFC. In antioxidant scavenging activity, BT-7 and green tea showed significant IC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt; values which were 13.23 and 20.75 mg/mL, respectively. In antimicrobial assays, both 50 &lt;i&gt;μ&lt;/i&gt;L of each tea and agarwood leaf extract antimicrobial activities were examined against 50 &lt;i&gt;μ&lt;/i&gt;L of each bacterial and fungal culture. In synergistic activity, 50 &lt;i&gt;μ&lt;/i&gt;L of each type of leaf extracts was poured over the commercial antibiotics to evaluate their synergism, additive, or antagonism activity against the multidrug-resistant pathogens. In the antimicrobial activity test, green tea showed a maximum diameter (22.0 ± 1.1 mm) zone of inhibition against &lt;i&gt;Klebsiella pneumoniae&lt;/i&gt; whereas BT-8 showed 22.0 ± 2.5 mm against &lt;i&gt;Pseudomonas aeruginosa&lt;/i&gt;. Indeed, fresh tea BT-6 and BT-7 both showed remarkable zone of inhibition against the selected microbes including Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria. Besides, leaf extract also showed antimicrobial activity against pathogenic fungus &lt;i&gt;Mucor circinelloides&lt;/i&gt;. Aiming to increase antibiotic resistance efficacy, synergistic activities were evaluated among leaf extracts and antibiotics against the selected pathogens where synergism, antagonism, and additive results were noted. ","PeriodicalId":9007,"journal":{"name":"BioMed Research International","volume":"2024 ","pages":"5595575"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11671646/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142902580","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Detection of Vitiligo Through Machine Learning and Computer-Aided Techniques: A Systematic Review.","authors":"Sania Tanvir, Sidra Abid Syed, Samreen Hussain, Razia Zia, Munaf Rashid, Hira Zahid","doi":"10.1155/bmri/3277546","DOIUrl":"10.1155/bmri/3277546","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background and Objective:</b> Vitiligo is a chronic skin damage disease, triggered by differential melanocyte death. Vitiligo (0.5%-1% of the population) is one of the most severe skin conditions. In general, the foundation of the condition of vitiligo remains gradual patchy loss of skin pigmentation, overlying blood, and sometimes mucus. This paper provides a systematic review of the relevant publications and conference papers based on the subject of vitiligo diagnosis and confirmation through computer-aided machine learning (ML) techniques. <b>Materials and Methods:</b> A search was conducted using a predetermined set of keywords across three databases, namely, Science Direct, PubMed, and IEEE Xplore. The selection process involved the application of eligibility criteria, which led to the inclusion of research published in reputable journals and conference proceedings up until June 2024. These selected papers were then subjected to full-text screening for additional analysis. Research publications that involved application of ML techniques with targeted population of vitiligo were selected for further systematic review. <b>Results:</b> Ten selected and screened studies are included in this systematic review after applying eligibility criteria along with inclusion and exclusion criteria applied on initial search result which was 244 studies based on vitiligo. Priority is given to those studies only which use ML techniques to perform detection and diagnosis on vitiligo-targeted population. Data analysis was carried out only from the selected and screened research articles that were published in authentic journals and conference proceedings. <b>Conclusion:</b> The importance of applying ML techniques in the clinical diagnosis of vitiligo can give more accurate results and at the same also eliminate the need of biased human judgement. Based on a comprehensive examination of the research, encompassing the methodologies employed and the metrics utilized to assess outcomes, it was determined that there is a need for further research and investigation regarding the application of ML algorithm for the detection and diagnosis of vitiligo with different datasets and more feature extraction.</p>","PeriodicalId":9007,"journal":{"name":"BioMed Research International","volume":"2024 ","pages":"3277546"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11671642/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142902585","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Artificial Intelligence and Its Revolutionary Role in Physical and Mental Rehabilitation: A Review of Recent Advancements.","authors":"Amir Rahmani Rasa","doi":"10.1155/bmri/9554590","DOIUrl":"10.1155/bmri/9554590","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The integration of artificial intelligence (AI) technologies into physical and mental rehabilitation has the potential to significantly transform these fields. AI innovations, including machine learning algorithms, natural language processing, and computer vision, offer occupational therapists advanced tools to improve care quality. These technologies facilitate more precise assessments, the development of tailored intervention plans, more efficient treatment delivery, and enhanced outcome evaluation. This review explores the integration of AI across various aspects of rehabilitation, providing a thorough examination of recent advancements and current applications. It highlights how AI applications, such as natural language processing, computer vision, virtual reality, machine learning, and robotics, are shaping the future of physical and mental recovery in occupational therapy.</p>","PeriodicalId":9007,"journal":{"name":"BioMed Research International","volume":"2024 ","pages":"9554590"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11668540/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142885170","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}