BioMed Research International最新文献

{"title":"The Allelic and Phenotypic Frequencies of the ABO and Rh Blood Types in Pregnant Women in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.","authors":"Mekdes Wondiye Tedbabe, Dagim Jirata Birri, Takele Taye Desta","doi":"10.1155/bmri/8649988","DOIUrl":"10.1155/bmri/8649988","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background:</b> ABO-rhesus (Rh) blood testing screens blood types according to the antigenic properties of red blood cells. <b>Objective:</b> This study reports the allelic and phenotypic frequency distribution of the ABO and Rh blood groups in pregnant women who attended antenatal care (ANC) at Zewditu Memorial Hospital in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, and the likelihood for the occurrence of erythroblastosis fetalis (E. fetalis). <b>Methods:</b> A retrospective study was conducted on pregnant women who attended ANC from 2015 to 2019 and typed for ABO and Rh blood groups. The Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium was used to determine the allelic frequency of ABO and Rh blood types. The likelihood of the occurrence of E. fetalis was computed. <b>Results:</b> Among the 2453 women who had been admitted to ANC, 2407 (98.1%) pregnant women who had been typed for the ABO and Rh blood groups were included in this retrospective study. We found that Type O blood was the most common one (38.9%), while Types A (31.3%), B (23.8%), and AB (6.0%) blood were scored with modest to lower proportions. Among blood group-typed women, 94.2% were Rh-positive. The allelic frequency of O was 0.62, whereas A (0.22) and B (0.16) had modest proportions. The allelic frequency of D was 0.76 and d was 0.24. The likelihood of the occurrence of E. fetalis was 5%. Our findings show that both the ABO (<i>χ</i>-<i>squared</i> = 6.1439, <i>df</i> = 3, <i>p</i> <i>value</i> = 0.1048) and the Rh (<i>χ</i>-<i>squared</i> = 0.000103, <i>df</i> = 1, <i>p</i> <i>value</i> = 0.9919) blood groups were segregated at the Hardy-Weinberg proportions. Studies need to investigate the evolutionary forces that have made the ABO and Rh blood types segregate at the Hardy-Weinberg proportion.</p>","PeriodicalId":9007,"journal":{"name":"BioMed Research International","volume":"2025 ","pages":"8649988"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11842134/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143466774","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice on Antibiotic Use and Resistance Among Undergraduates, Pokhara Metropolitan, Nepal.","authors":"Grinsun Sharma, Shishir Paudel, Anisha Chalise, Biswash Sapkota, Nirmal Raj Marasine","doi":"10.1155/bmri/9928264","DOIUrl":"10.1155/bmri/9928264","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background:</b> Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a global health problem contributing to increasing rates of morbidity and mortality throughout the world. Inadequate knowledge and misconceptions surrounding antibiotics and their overuse can significantly contribute to the growth and spread of AMR. This study aimed to assess knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) regarding antibiotic use and resistance among undergraduates in Pokhara, Nepal, and examine associations of knowledge and attitudes with demographic factors and specific antibiotic use practices. <b>Methods:</b> A cross-sectional survey was conducted from April to September 2023 among 461 undergraduate students in Pokhara Metropolitan City. Frequency distributions were used to describe participants' KAP regarding antibiotics. Chi-square tests were applied to identify factors significantly associated with knowledge and attitudes toward antibiotics, with a significance level of 5%. <b>Result:</b> Among the total participants, 155 (33.6%, 95% CI: 29.6-38.3) had a lower level of knowledge regarding antibiotics, while a moderate and higher level of knowledge was observed among 208 (45.1%, 95% CI: 40.1-49.5) and 98 (21.3%, 95% CI: 17.5-24.7) students, respectively. Nearly half (53.6%, 95% CI: 48.9-58.2; 50.1%, 95% CI: 45.8-54.4) of the students illustrated positive attitudes and good practices. Factors such as gender, academic discipline, and previous education on antibiotics were associated with students' knowledge regarding antibiotics, at 5% level of significance (<i>p</i> < 0.05). Similarly, a statistically significant relationship existed between students' academic discipline, past courses, and their attitudes toward antibiotics. The knowledge of the participants on the antibiotic use was found to have a statistical relationship with practice-related attributes such as finishing the antibiotic course even after feeling well, giving less preference to antibiotic for cold (<i>p</i> < 0.05). The attitude of the participants toward antibiotics was found to have a statistical relation with practices such as consulting a doctor for antibiotics and finishing the course of antibiotic (<i>p</i> < 0.05). <b>Conclusion:</b>A large proportion of undergraduates have moderate to high knowledge regarding antibiotic use, while only half had a positive attitude and good practice toward antibiotic use, suggesting a large gap existing in awareness of antibiotic resistance and rational use.</p>","PeriodicalId":9007,"journal":{"name":"BioMed Research International","volume":"2025 ","pages":"9928264"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11832259/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143439675","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unlocking Dreams and Dreamless Sleep: Machine Learning Classification With Optimal EEG Channels.","authors":"Luis Alfredo Moctezuma, Marta Molinas, Takashi Abe","doi":"10.1155/bmri/3585125","DOIUrl":"10.1155/bmri/3585125","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Research suggests that dreams play a role in the regulation of emotional processing and memory consolidation; electroencephalography (EEG) is useful for studying them, but manual annotation is time-consuming and prone to bias. This study was aimed at developing an EEG-based machine learning (ML) model to automatically identify dream and dreamless states in sleep. We extracted features from EEG data using common spatial patterns (CSPs) and the discrete wavelet transform (DWT) and used them to classify EEG signals into dream and dreamless states using ML models. To determine the most informative channels for classification, we used the permutation-based channel selection method and the nondominated sorting genetic algorithm II (NSGA-II). We evaluated our proposal using a public dataset that is part of the DREAM project, which was collected from 58 EEG channels during rapid eye movement (REM) and non-REM sleep, while 28 subjects reported dream or dreamless experiences. We achieved accuracies greater than 0.85 to distinguish dream and dreamless states using CSP-based feature extraction combined with <i>k</i>-nearest neighbors (KNN), as well as through multiple combinations of EEG channels identified by channel selection methods. Our findings suggest that as few as 8-10 EEG channels may be sufficient for dream recognition. Excluding one subject at a time during model training revealed challenges in generalizing the models to unseen subjects. Channel selection methods have proven to be effective in selecting relevant subsets of EEG channels to classify dreams and dreamless experiences. Our results demonstrate the feasibility of automatic dream detection and highlight the need to improve ML generalization.</p>","PeriodicalId":9007,"journal":{"name":"BioMed Research International","volume":"2025 ","pages":"3585125"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11832269/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143439678","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Seroprevalence of Typhoid Fever and Its Associated Risk Factors Among Clinically Diagnosed Febrile Patients Visiting the Outpatient Department at Debark Hospital and Drug Susceptibility Patterns of Isolates.","authors":"Atsede Muleta, Naod Meseret","doi":"10.1155/bmri/1717780","DOIUrl":"10.1155/bmri/1717780","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Typhoid fever is caused by the bacterium <i>Salmonella</i> Typhi, which poses major health problems in developing countries, including Ethiopia. However, there is limited information regarding typhoid fever, contributing factors with it, and its drug susceptibility pattern in the research area. The aim of this study was to determine the seroprevalence of typhoid fever and its associated risk factors among clinically diagnosed febrile patients at Debark Hospital and evaluate the drug susceptibility patterns of the isolates. A hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 158 febrile patients from December 2022 to April 2023. Blood and stool samples were collected from each febrile patient. The Widal test was used to test <i>Salmonella</i> Typhi O and H antigens sera from blood, and bacteria were cultured from the stool. Gram staining and biochemical analyses were carried out for each isolate. Antibiotic susceptibility testing was performed for the isolates using Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion techniques. Descriptive statistics and logistic regression were used for analysis. In this study, the seroprevalence of typhoid fever among febrile patients at Debark Hospital was 22.8%. Gender (adjusted odds ratio (AOR): 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.02, 0.31, <i>p</i> ≤ 0.001), marital status (AOR: 95% CI: 2.63, 4.66, <i>p</i> ≤ 0.001), family size (AOR: 95% CI: 0.01, 0.31, <i>p</i> ≤ 0.001), residence (AOR: 95% CI: 0.09, 0.83, <i>p</i> = 0.021), practice of using toilet (AOR: 95% CI: 0.08, 0.086, <i>p</i> = 0.027), washing fruits and vegetables before eating (AOR: 95% CI: 0.12, 0.87, <i>p</i> = 0.025), and awareness of typhoid fever transmission and prevention (AOR: 95% CI: 0.12, 0.91, <i>p</i> = 0.032) are the associated risk factors for typhoid fever. Fifty percent of the isolates showed multidrug resistance to two or more antibiotics. It was suggested that improving personal hygiene, providing safe drinking water, and careful use of antibiotics could considerably reduce the prevalence of typhoid fever in the study area.</p>","PeriodicalId":9007,"journal":{"name":"BioMed Research International","volume":"2025 ","pages":"1717780"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11824479/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143413156","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Factors Influencing Solid Waste Management Practices and Challenges in Awi Administrative Zone, Northwestern Ethiopia.","authors":"Belsti Atnkut, Atalaye Nigussie, Bulti Kumera, Alemu Tsega, Fekadu Tiruneh, Wondwosson Kibrie Minale, Fentanesh Anemut, Ewunetu Tazebew, Baye Terefe, Amare Fassil, Getaneh Gebeyehu, Tess Astatkie","doi":"10.1155/bmri/1311674","DOIUrl":"10.1155/bmri/1311674","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background:</b> Effective management of solid waste, generated as a result of human activities, is crucial. However, improper solid waste management seriously threatens the environment and public health in developing countries including Ethiopia. <b>Objective:</b> This study is aimed at assessing the status of solid waste management practices and identifying key factors in Awi Administrative Zone, Ethiopia. <b>Methods:</b> A community-based cross-sectional study design was used to collect the data and then analyze using descriptive statistics and logistic regression modeling. The survey was conducted in select kebeles (wards) (administrative subdivisions) of Injibara, Dangila, and Chagni towns, using two-stage sampling techniques. Primary and secondary data sources were utilized. The per capita waste generation rate was calculated based on the total solid waste generated in kilograms per total family size of households per year. <b>Results:</b> The per capita per day solid waste generation rates for Injibara, Dangila, and Chagni were 0.443, 0.456, and 0.487 kg/capita/day, respectively. The composition of household solid waste mainly consisted of biodegradable and nonbiodegradable materials. It was concluded that a significant proportion of household solid waste comprised biodegradable organic matter, which could be efficiently recycled or decomposed through microbial activity. Of the households, 40.6% had access to door-to-door solid waste collection service, and 35.9% and 26.2% of the households disposed their solid waste on riverside bridge/drainage lines and roadside/open land, respectively. The regression analysis showed that the head of the household's age, family size, monthly income, solid waste selling practice, solid waste reduction practice, awareness of solid waste disposal rules, frequency of household cleanup campaign participation, and awareness of the impacts of improper solid waste management on the environment and human health were significantly associated with improper solid waste management practices. <b>Conclusion:</b> The study revealed poor performance in solid waste management in the study area, attributed to factors such as inadequate collection system design and schedule, open burning of refuse, substandard condition of the final dumpsite, and lack of community awareness leading to illegal dumping. <b>Recommendations:</b> Based on the findings of the study, we recommend that the town municipality strengthen its door-to-door solid waste collection service and distribution of communal bin containers, conduct environmental assessments for better dumpsite selection, and implement a community-based waste management system to ensure sustainable solutions and continuous education on proper solid waste management practices.</p>","PeriodicalId":9007,"journal":{"name":"BioMed Research International","volume":"2025 ","pages":"1311674"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11824480/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143413035","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identification of Novel lncRNAs Related to Colorectal Cancer Through Bioinformatics Analysis.","authors":"Razieh Heidari, Vahideh Assadollahi, Seyedeh Negar Marashi, Fatemeh Elahian, Seyed Abbas Mirzaei","doi":"10.1155/bmri/5538575","DOIUrl":"10.1155/bmri/5538575","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) plays a critical role in cancer cell proliferation, invasion, metastasis, and chemoresistance. The current study introduces novel lncRNAs in colorectal cancer (CRC) through bioinformatics analysis. GSE134834 CRC-related microarray of Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) was analyzed to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in CRC samples against normal samples. Analysis revealed 6763 DEGs (<i>p</i> < 0.05 and |log fold change (FC)| ≥ 0.5) that include differentially expressed mRNA (DEmRNA) and differentially expressed long noncoding RNA (DElncRNA). Novel lncRNAs were identified, and to better understand the biological function of the identified lncRNAs, gene modules were constructed using weighted gene coexpression network analysis (WGCNA), and finally, two modules for lncRNAs were obtained. The coexpression modules with these lncRNAs were subjected to enrichment analysis in FunRich software to predict their functions through their coexpressed genes. Gene ontology results of modules related to novel lncRNA revealed they significantly enriched the cellular pathways regulation in cancer. The protein-protein interaction (PPI) network of novel lncRNAs-related modules was constructed using Search Tool for the Retrieval of Interacting Genes (STRING) and visualized using the Cytoscape software. Hub genes were screened from the PPI network by the CytoHubba plug-in of Cytoscape. The hub genes were <i>MRTO4</i>, <i>CDK1</i>, <i>CDC20</i>, <i>RPF2</i>, <i>NOP58</i>, <i>NIFK</i>, <i>GTPBP4</i>, <i>BUB1</i>, <i>BUB1B</i>, and <i>BOP1</i> for the lightpink4 module and <i>BYSL</i>, <i>RPS23</i> (ribosomal protein S23), <i>RSL1D1</i> (ribosomal L1 domain containing 1), <i>NAT10</i>, <i>NOP14</i>, <i>GNL2</i>, <i>MRPS12</i>, <i>NOL6</i> (nucleolar protein 6), <i>IMP4</i>, and <i>RRP12</i> (ribosomal RNA processing 12 homolog) for the pink module. The expression levels of the top DEmRNA and module hub genes in CRC were validated using the Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis (GEPIA) database. Generally, our findings offer crucial insight into the hub genes and novel lncRNAs in the development of CRC by bioinformatics analysis, information that may prove useful in the identification of new biomarkers and treatment targets in CRC; however, more experimental investigation is required to validate the findings of the present study.</p>","PeriodicalId":9007,"journal":{"name":"BioMed Research International","volume":"2025 ","pages":"5538575"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11824705/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143413015","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Six Years' Trend Analysis of Antimicrobial Resistance Among Bacterial Isolates at Public Health Institute in Amhara Region, Ethiopia.","authors":"Asrat Agalu Abejew, Teferi Gedif Fenta, Gizachew Yismaw Wubetu","doi":"10.1155/bmri/7676973","DOIUrl":"10.1155/bmri/7676973","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background:</b> Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is one of the top global threats to public health. This study determined trends in AMR from 2016 to 2021 in a regional research laboratory in Northwest Ethiopia. <b>Methods:</b> Data from 2016 to 2021 was extracted from a database. Bacterial identification and resistance tests were made using the standard microbiologic procedures. The results were described, trends in AMR were determined using polynomial regressions, and binary logistic regression at <i>p</i> value < 0.05 was used. <b>Results:</b> From 2016 to 2021, 25,143 specimens were sent for culture and susceptibility testing, among which 16,825 (66.9%) bacteria were isolated. About 12,528 (74.5%) isolates were gram-negative, and 4297 (25.5%) were gram-positive. <i>Klebsiella pneumoniae</i> (3783, 30.2%) and <i>Escherichia coli</i> (3199, 25.5%) were the most common gram-negative bacteria, whereas coagulase-negative <i>Staphylococcus</i> spp. (CoNS) (1765, 40.1%) and <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> (1293, 30.1%) were the most common gram-positive bacteria. The overall prevalence of AMR was 2738 (59.9%), of which about 1807 (66.0%) accounted for gram-negative and 931 (34.0%) for gram-positive bacteria. <i>K. pneumoniae</i> (743, 80.2%), <i>Enterobacter cloacae</i> (196, 74.8%), and <i>Acinetobacter baumannii</i> (213, 66.6%) were the most common resistant isolates among gram-negative bacteria, while CoNS (406, 58%), <i>Streptococcus</i> species (34, 50%), and <i>S. aureus</i> (196, 37%) were from gram-positive bacteria. About 571 (20.9%) of bacteria were resistant to 2-10 drugs. The overall trend of AMR has been rising from year to year, reaching a peak in 2019 which was approximately 66% and then after has been predicted to decline. <b>Conclusion:</b> AMR in the regional laboratory is prevalent and has been increasing although the quadratic equation has revealed downward-opening parabola over time. A growing number of multidrug-resistant bacteria are an alarm to awaken policymakers and those concerned to intervene before it is too late. This calls for a periodic, integrated, and continuing system to monitor AMR for commonly used antibiotics.</p>","PeriodicalId":9007,"journal":{"name":"BioMed Research International","volume":"2025 ","pages":"7676973"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11824853/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143412853","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Occurrence, Risk Factors, and Antibiotic Resistance Patterns of <i>Salmonella</i> Isolates Obtained From Dairy Farms in Gondar Town, Northwest Ethiopia.","authors":"Tsedalu Yirsa, Alene Tigistu","doi":"10.1155/bmri/7778947","DOIUrl":"10.1155/bmri/7778947","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background:</b> Salmonellosis is a foodborne diarrheal disease with significant public health and economic implications for humans and animals. Nevertheless, its epidemiological effects and multidrug resistance remain poorly studied in the study area. <b>Methods:</b> A cross-sectional study was conducted from March to August 2022 to determine the occurrence, risk factors, and antibiotic susceptibility patterns of <i>Salmonella</i> isolates in the study dairy farms. A total of 232 samples (200 study animals and 32 bulk tank milk) were collected from purposively selected dairy farms in the study area. Again, fecal and bulk tank milk samples were collected, pre-enriched, and cultured to examine the presence of <i>Salmonella</i> following standard techniques. The pure 30 isolates were also subjected to a Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion test on Muller-Hinton agar to assess their antibiotic susceptibility patterns. Binary logistic regression analysis in Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) Version 25 was used to determine the strength of the risk factors associated with the occurrence of this disease. <b>Findings:</b> The overall prevalence of <i>Salmonella</i> isolates was 12.9% (30/232) across all samples. Among these, 11.5% (23/200) of the fecal samples from the study animals and 21.9% (7/32) of the bulk tank milk samples tested positive for this disease. A statistically significant association was observed between the presence of the <i>Salmonella</i> isolates and the age of the study animals, farm size, bedding, and udder washing practices. The isolates also showed the highest resistance to ampicillin (100%) and tetracycline (96.7%). Conversely, the isolates were most sensitive to ciprofloxacin (100%) and kanamycin (90%). <b>Conclusions:</b> Generally, the high presence of <i>Salmonella</i> isolates and its resistance to drugs pose significant economic and public health challenges. Thus, it is crucial to implement improved management practices and appropriate antibiotic therapies in the study dairy farms.</p>","PeriodicalId":9007,"journal":{"name":"BioMed Research International","volume":"2025 ","pages":"7778947"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11824497/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143413030","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Current Concepts and Investigations of Fracture-Related Infection.","authors":"Nan Jiang, Chang-Peng Xu, Paul Stoodley, Martin A McNally","doi":"10.1155/2025/9768347","DOIUrl":"10.1155/2025/9768347","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9007,"journal":{"name":"BioMed Research International","volume":"2025 ","pages":"9768347"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11824792/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143413022","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploration of Antioxidative, Antidiarrheal, and Antihyperglycemic Properties of <i>Artocarpus chama</i> Leaves Along With In Silico Analysis.","authors":"Md Shahriar Hossen, K M Nazmul Hasan Refat, Muaz Faruque, Pritam Kundu, Utpal Kumar Karmakar","doi":"10.1155/bmri/9930195","DOIUrl":"10.1155/bmri/9930195","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Artocarpus chama</i> is a rare member of the Moraceae family that is found in some Asian countries. This plant has some therapeutic uses in folk medicine. This project was carried out on the leaves of this plant to explore some of its pharmacological importance. This plant revealed the presence of different phytochemical groups such as reducing sugars, tannins, flavonoids, alkaloids, gums, glycosides, terpenoids, and steroids. This plant has antioxidant compounds, and the total content of phenolic, flavonoid, and tannin was measured at 38.7 mg GAE/g, 298.37 mg QE/g, and 43.9 mg GAE/g, respectively. In the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), H₂O₂, and superoxide scavenging tests, SC₅₀ values were found to be 232.2, 131.67, and 192.12 <i>μ</i>g/mL, respectively. In the FeCl₃ reducing assay, the RC₅₀ was 79.71 <i>μ</i>g/mL. The <i>n-</i>hexane fraction showed a good antidiarrheal effect, while defecation inhibition was 54.42% and 66.29% at 250 and 500 mg/kg doses, respectively. Both <i>n-</i>hexane and ethyl acetate fractions exhibited a good antihyperglycemic effect in the oral glucose tolerance test in the experimental mice. In <i>α</i>-glucosidase inhibition, the IC₅₀ value was 25.043 mg/mL. This extract did not show any promising responses in the diuretic, analgesic, and anthelmintic tests. From gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) investigation, we have found 25 compounds that are displayed in this extricate. After conducting absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion, and toxicity (ADMET) and molecular coupling analysis, we finally selected four compounds which may be further tested in order to isolate newer antidiarrheal and antihyperglycemic compounds from this plant in the future.</p>","PeriodicalId":9007,"journal":{"name":"BioMed Research International","volume":"2025 ","pages":"9930195"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11824862/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143413025","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}