BioMed Research International最新文献

{"title":"Investigation of Factors Influencing Infant Mortality at Greater Accra Regional Hospital, Ghana","authors":"Gabriel Kallah-Dagadu, Foster Donkor, Magdalene Duah, Hillary Yeboah, Dennis Arku, Anani Lotsi","doi":"10.1155/2024/6610617","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2024/6610617","url":null,"abstract":"<i>Background</i>. Annually, 5.4 million children under five face mortality, with 2.5 million deaths in the first month, 1.6 million between one and eleven months, and 1.3 million aged one to four. Despite global strides, sub-Saharan Africa, including Ghana, grapples with persistent high child mortality. This study employs statistical methods to pinpoint factors driving under-five mortality in the Greater Accra Regional Hospital. <i>Methods</i>. The data was acquired from Greater Accra Regional Hospital, Ghana, spanning January to December 2020. The data comprised all under-five deaths recorded in the hospital in 2020. The statistical tools employed were the chi-square test of association and the multinomial logistic regression model. <i>Results</i>. In 2020, there were 238 cases of under-five mortality recorded in the hospital, with males constituting the majority (55%). About 85% of these cases occurred within the first month of birth, primarily attributed to respiratory distress, prematurity, and sepsis. Notably, meconium aspiration was the least common among grouped diagnoses. The test of association and multinomial logistic model emphasised the child’s age, birth type, and weight at birth as significant factors influencing child mortality. Conversely, attributes like sex, marital status, and mother’s age displayed no notable association with the diagnosis of death. <i>Conclusion</i>. The study on child mortality at the Greater Accra Regional Hospital unveils key factors shaping child health outcomes, emphasising the role of age, birth type, and weight. While specific demographics show no significant association, identified predictors are vital for targeted interventions. Proposed strategies encompass education programs, improved care, birthing practices, and data-driven policies.","PeriodicalId":9007,"journal":{"name":"BioMed Research International","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140565534","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Carriage among Neonate Mothers, Healthcare Workers, and Environmental Samples in Neonatal Intensive Care Units: A Systematic Review","authors":"Nene Kaah Keneh, Sebastien Kenmoe, Arnol Bowo-Ngandji, Jane-Francis Tatah Kihla Akoachere, Hortense Gonsu Kamga, Roland Ndip Ndip, Jean Thierry Ebogo-Belobo, Cyprien Kengne-Ndé, Donatien Serge Mbaga, Nicholas Tendongfor, Jean Paul Assam Assam, Lucy Mande Ndip, Seraphine Nkie Esemu","doi":"10.1155/2024/5675786","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2024/5675786","url":null,"abstract":"<i>Background</i>. Methicillin-resistant <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> (MRSA) is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality among neonates admitted to neonatal intensive care units (NICUs). The MRSA colonization of neonates, attributed to various sources, including mothers, healthcare workers, and environmental surfaces, can lead to severe infection, prolonged hospital stays, and even death, imposing substantial economic burdens. Given the pressing need to mitigate MRSA spread in these vulnerable environments, further examination of the subject is warranted. This systematic review is aimed at synthesizing available evidence on MRSA carriage proportions among mothers of newborns, healthcare workers, and environmental surfaces in NICUs. <i>Methodology</i>. We included observational studies published in English or French from database inception to March 21, 2023. These studies focused on MRSA in nonoutbreak NICU settings, encompassing healthy neonate mothers and healthcare workers, and environmental surfaces. Literature search involved systematic scanning of databases, including Medline, Embase, Web of Science, Global Health, and Global Index Medicus. The quality of the selected studies was assessed using the Hoy et al. critical appraisal scale. The extracted data were summarized to calculate the pooled proportion of MRSA positives, with a 95% confidence interval (CI) based on the DerSimonian and Laird random-effects model. <i>Results</i>. A total of 1891 articles were retrieved from which 16 studies were selected for inclusion. Most of the studies were from high-income countries. The pooled proportion of MRSA carriage among 821 neonate mothers across four countries was found to be 2.1% (95% CI: 0.3-5.1; <span><svg height=\"11.7978pt\" style=\"vertical-align:-0.2063999pt\" version=\"1.1\" viewbox=\"-0.0498162 -11.5914 21.776 11.7978\" width=\"21.776pt\" xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\"><g transform=\"matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)\"></path></g><g transform=\"matrix(.0091,0,0,-0.0091,5.567,-5.741)\"></path></g><g transform=\"matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,14.145,0)\"></path></g></svg><span></span><svg height=\"11.7978pt\" style=\"vertical-align:-0.2063999pt\" version=\"1.1\" viewbox=\"25.358183800000003 -11.5914 21.911 11.7978\" width=\"21.911pt\" xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\"><g transform=\"matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,25.408,0)\"></path></g><g transform=\"matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,31.65,0)\"></path></g><g transform=\"matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,37.891,0)\"></path></g><g transform=\"matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,40.855,0)\"><use xlink:href=\"#g113-55\"></use></g></svg></span>%, 95% CI: 36.1-91.5). The proportion of MRSA carriage among 909 HCWs in eight countries was determined to be 9.5% (95% CI: 3.1-18.4; <span><svg height=\"11.7978pt\" style=\"vertical-align:-0.2063999pt\" version=\"1.1\" viewbox=\"-0.0498162 -11.5914 21.776 11.7978\" width=\"21.776pt\" xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\"","PeriodicalId":9007,"journal":{"name":"BioMed Research International","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140565651","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence of ABO and Rhesus (D) Blood Group and Allelic Frequency at Blood Bank of Nigist Eleni Mohammed Hospital, Ethiopia","authors":"Fekadu Lendabo, Vijayalakshmi Srinivasan, Riyaz Ahmad Rather","doi":"10.1155/2024/5353528","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2024/5353528","url":null,"abstract":"<i>Background</i>. The purpose of this cross-sectional study was to determine the pattern of the ABO and rhesus D (RhD) blood group distribution among voluntary blood donors attending five blood donation centers at Nigist Eleni Mohammed General Hospital in Hossana, Ethiopia. <i>Methods</i>. A total of 1,120 participants who fulfilled the “who can give blood” criteria of the World Health Organization were selected randomly. Blood samples were collected, transported to the laboratory, and analyzed for ABO and RhD typing. The data was analyzed using descriptive statistics and chi-square correlation analysis. <i>Results</i>. The study found that the O blood group was the most prevalent (39.0%), followed by A (32.2%), B (22.5%), and AB (6.4%). When considering both the ABO and Rh blood groups together, 92.9% of blood donors were RhD positive, while only 7.1% were RhD negative. The distribution pattern of the ABO blood groups in Gurage Zone, Hadiya Zone, Kembata Zone, and Silte Zone showed that the O blood group was the most prevalent, followed by A, B, and AB, in that order. Conversely, the ABO blood group distribution pattern in Halaba Zone was A &gt; O &gt; B &gt; AB. Civil servants from different occupational statuses were the most dominant voluntary blood donors, accounting for 53.2%, followed by students from different high schools and universities (41.9%), self-employed individuals (4.1%), and others (0.7%). The ABO blood group system had observed allele frequencies significantly different from the expected frequencies (<span><svg height=\"11.7782pt\" style=\"vertical-align:-3.42938pt\" version=\"1.1\" viewbox=\"-0.0498162 -8.34882 18.973 11.7782\" width=\"18.973pt\" xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\"><g transform=\"matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)\"></path></g><g transform=\"matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,11.342,0)\"></path></g></svg><span></span><span><svg height=\"11.7782pt\" style=\"vertical-align:-3.42938pt\" version=\"1.1\" viewbox=\"22.555183800000002 -8.34882 28.184 11.7782\" width=\"28.184pt\" xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\"><g transform=\"matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,22.605,0)\"></path></g><g transform=\"matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,28.845,0)\"></path></g><g transform=\"matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,31.809,0)\"><use xlink:href=\"#g113-49\"></use></g><g transform=\"matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,38.049,0)\"><use xlink:href=\"#g113-49\"></use></g><g transform=\"matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,44.289,0)\"></path></g></svg>),</span></span> while the RhD system did not (<span><svg height=\"11.7782pt\" style=\"vertical-align:-3.42938pt\" version=\"1.1\" viewbox=\"-0.0498162 -8.34882 18.973 11.7782\" width=\"18.973pt\" xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\"><g transform=\"matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)\"><use xlink:href=\"#g113-113\"></use></g><g transform=\"matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,11.342,0)\"><use xlink:href=\"#g117-34\"></use></g></svg><span></span><span><svg height=\"11.7782pt\" style=\"vertical-align:-3.42938pt\" version=\"1","PeriodicalId":9007,"journal":{"name":"BioMed Research International","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140565673","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Time to Death and Its Predictors among Neonates Hospitalized with Sepsis in Eastern Ethiopia","authors":"Usmael Jibro, Assefa Desalew, Galana Mamo Ayana, Abera Kenay Tura","doi":"10.1155/2024/2594271","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2024/2594271","url":null,"abstract":"<i>Background</i>. Although neonatal sepsis is a major public health problem contributing to 30-50% of neonatal deaths in low- and middle-income countries, data on predictors of time to death are limited in Eastern Ethiopia. This study is aimed at determining predictors of time to death among neonates with sepsis admitted in public hospitals in Eastern Ethiopia. <i>Methods</i>. An institutional-based retrospective cohort study was conducted among 415 neonates admitted to referral hospitals in Eastern Ethiopia with sepsis from January 1, 2021, to December 31, 2021. Data were collected from medical records by using structured checklist and entered using EpiData 3.1 and analyzed using Stata 17. The Kaplan-Meier curves and log-rank tests were used to describe survival experience among different categories. The proportional hazard assumption and goodness of fit for the Cox regression model were checked. The Cox regression model was used to identify the significant predictors. Hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated. Finally, statistical significance was set at a <svg height=\"10.2124pt\" style=\"vertical-align:-3.42943pt\" version=\"1.1\" viewbox=\"-0.0498162 -6.78297 7.83752 10.2124\" width=\"7.83752pt\" xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\"><g transform=\"matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)\"></path></g></svg> value &lt; 0.05 in the Cox regression analysis. <i>Results</i>. Of the 415 neonates with neonatal sepsis, 71 (17.1%) (95% CI: 13.60-21.08) died at discharge, with a median time to death of 14 days. The overall incidence rate of mortality was 36.5 per 1000 neonate days. Low birthweight (<span><svg height=\"8.95973pt\" style=\"vertical-align:-0.2063904pt\" version=\"1.1\" viewbox=\"-0.0498162 -8.75334 38.378 8.95973\" width=\"38.378pt\" xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\"><g transform=\"matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)\"></path></g><g transform=\"matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,8.983,0)\"></path></g><g transform=\"matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,18.941,0)\"></path></g><g transform=\"matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,30.747,0)\"></path></g></svg><span></span><span><svg height=\"8.95973pt\" style=\"vertical-align:-0.2063904pt\" version=\"1.1\" viewbox=\"41.960183799999996 -8.75334 21.894 8.95973\" width=\"21.894pt\" xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\"><g transform=\"matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,42.01,0)\"></path></g><g transform=\"matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,48.25,0)\"></path></g><g transform=\"matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,51.214,0)\"></path></g><g transform=\"matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,57.454,0)\"></path></g></svg>;</span></span> 95% CI: 1.15-5.44), maternal <span><svg height=\"11.7522pt\" style=\"vertical-align:-3.40338pt\" version=\"1.1\" viewbox=\"-0.0498162 -8.34882 28.474 11.7522\" width=\"28.474pt\" xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\"><g transform=\"matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)\"></path></g><g transform=\"matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,5.642,0)\"></path></g><g transform=\"matrix(","PeriodicalId":9007,"journal":{"name":"BioMed Research International","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140565165","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identification of Novel Molecular and Clinical Biomarkers of Survival in Glioblastoma Multiforme Patients: A Study Based on The Cancer Genome Atlas Data","authors":"Luísa Esteves, Francisco Caramelo, Domingos Roda, Isabel Marques Carreira, Joana Barbosa Melo, Ilda Patrícia Ribeiro","doi":"10.1155/2024/5582424","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2024/5582424","url":null,"abstract":"Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most prevalent type of brain tumour; although advancements in treatment have been made, the median survival time for GBM patients has persisted at 15 months. This study is aimed at investigating the genetic alterations and clinical features of GBM patients to find predictors of survival. GBM patients’ methylation and gene expression data along with clinical information from TCGA were retrieved. The most overrepresented pathways were identified independently for each omics dataset. From the genes found in at least 30% of these pathways, one gene that was identified in both sets was further examined using the Kaplan-Meier method for survival analysis. Additionally, three groups of patients who started radio and chemotherapy at different times were identified, and the influence of these variations in treatment modality on patient survival was evaluated. Four pathways that seemed to negatively impact survival and two with the opposite effect were identified. The methylation status of <i>PRKCB</i> was highlighted as a potential novel biomarker for patient survival. The study also found that treatment with chemotherapy prior to radiotherapy can have a significant impact on patient survival, which could lead to improvements in clinical management and therapeutic approaches for GBM patients.","PeriodicalId":9007,"journal":{"name":"BioMed Research International","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140565314","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bonding Effectiveness of Saliva-Contaminated Monolithic Zirconia Ceramics Using Different Decontamination Protocols","authors":"Necla Demir, Ozge Genc, Ipek Balevi Akkese, Meral Arslan Malkoc, Mutlu Ozcan","doi":"10.1155/2024/6670159","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2024/6670159","url":null,"abstract":"<i>Objective</i>. This research study investigated the effect of new decontamination protocols on the bonding capacity of saliva-contaminated monolithic zirconia (MZ) ceramics cemented with two different monomer-containing self-adhesive resin cements. <i>Materials and Methods</i>. Standardized tooth preparations (4 mm. axial height) were performed for eighty human maxillary premolars under constant water cooling system. Eighty monolithic zirconia crowns (Whitepeaks Supreme Monolith) (<span><svg height=\"11.439pt\" style=\"vertical-align:-2.15067pt\" version=\"1.1\" viewbox=\"-0.0498162 -9.28833 17.789 11.439\" width=\"17.789pt\" xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\"><g transform=\"matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)\"></path></g><g transform=\"matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,10.158,0)\"></path></g></svg><span></span><svg height=\"11.439pt\" style=\"vertical-align:-2.15067pt\" version=\"1.1\" viewbox=\"21.3711838 -9.28833 11.596 11.439\" width=\"11.596pt\" xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\"><g transform=\"matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,21.421,0)\"></path></g><g transform=\"matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,27.661,0)\"></path></g></svg><span></span><svg height=\"11.439pt\" style=\"vertical-align:-2.15067pt\" version=\"1.1\" viewbox=\"32.972183799999996 -9.28833 12.718 11.439\" width=\"12.718pt\" xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\"><g transform=\"matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,33.022,0)\"></path></g><g transform=\"matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,39.262,0)\"></path></g></svg></span> groups) were manufactured by CAD-CAM. Specimens were kept in the artificial saliva at <span><svg height=\"11.6934pt\" style=\"vertical-align:-3.168421pt\" version=\"1.1\" viewbox=\"-0.0498162 -8.52498 28.096 11.6934\" width=\"28.096pt\" xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\"><g transform=\"matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)\"></path></g><g transform=\"matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,6.812,0)\"></path></g><g transform=\"matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,20.465,0)\"><use xlink:href=\"#g117-34\"></use></g></svg><span></span><svg height=\"11.6934pt\" style=\"vertical-align:-3.168421pt\" version=\"1.1\" viewbox=\"31.678183800000003 -8.52498 15.63 11.6934\" width=\"15.63pt\" xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\"><g transform=\"matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,31.728,0)\"></path></g><g transform=\"matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,37.97,0)\"></path></g><g transform=\"matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,40.934,0)\"></path></g></svg></span> for 1 minute at 37°C except control groups. The specimens have not been prealumina blasted and grouped according to cleaning methods and resin cements: control groups (C) (no saliva <span><svg height=\"9.10327pt\" style=\"vertical-align:-0.3499298pt\" version=\"1.1\" viewbox=\"-0.0498162 -8.75334 87.054 9.10327\" width=\"87.054pt\" xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\"><g transform=\"matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)\"></path></g><g transform=\"matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,5.499,0)\"></path></g><g transform=\"matrix(.","PeriodicalId":9007,"journal":{"name":"BioMed Research International","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140565164","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Monitoring and Promoting Physical Activity and Physical Fitness in All Age Groups.","authors":"Bojan Masanovic, Stevo Popovic, Juel Jarani","doi":"10.1155/2024/9835396","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2024/9835396","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9007,"journal":{"name":"BioMed Research International","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11459654/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142387715","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"In Silico Approach Triterpene Glycoside of H. atra Targeting Orotidine 5-Monophosphate Decarboxylase Protein (PfOMPDC) in P. falciparum Infection Mechanism","authors":"Prawesty Diah Utami, Herin Setianingsih, Dewi Ratih Tirto Sari","doi":"10.1155/2024/5924799","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2024/5924799","url":null,"abstract":"This study accessed the potential antimalarial activity of triterpene glycoside of <i>H. atra</i> through targeting orotidine 5-monophosphate decarboxylase protein (PfOMPDC) in <i>P. falciparum</i> by molecular docking. Nine triterpene glycosides from <i>H. atra</i> extract modeled the structure by the Corina web server and interacted with PfOMPDC protein by using Hex 8.0.0. The docking results were visualized and analyzed by Discovery Studio version 21.1.1. 17-Hydroxyfuscocineroside B showed the lowest binding energy in PfOMPDC interaction, which was -1,098.13 kJ/mol. Holothurin A3, echinoside A, and fuscocineroside C showed low binding energy. Nine triterpene glycosides of <i>H. atra</i> performed interaction with PfOMPDC protein at the same region. Holothurin A1 posed interaction with PfOMPDC protein by 8 hydrogen bonds, 3 hydrophobic interactions, and 8 unfavorable bonds. Several residues were detected in the same active sites of other triterpene glycosides. Residue TYR111 was identified in all triterpene glycoside complexes, except holothurin A3 and calcigeroside B. In summary, the triterpene glycoside of <i>H. atra is</i> potentially a drug candidate for malaria therapeutic agents. In vitro and in vivo studies were required for further investigation.","PeriodicalId":9007,"journal":{"name":"BioMed Research International","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140565628","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Understanding Challenges Women Face in Flood-Affected Areas to Access Sexual and Reproductive Health Services: A Rapid Assessment from a Disaster-Torn Pakistan","authors":"Mariam Ashraf, Sara Shahzad, Pamela Sequeria, Anam Bashir, Syed Khurram Azmat","doi":"10.1155/2024/1113634","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2024/1113634","url":null,"abstract":"<i>Introduction</i>. According to the Global Climate Risk Index, Pakistan is ranked as the fifth-most vulnerable country to climate change. Most recently, during June-August 2022, heavy torrential rains coupled with riverine, urban, and flash flooding led to an unprecedented disaster in Pakistan. Around thirty-three million people were affected by the floods. More than 2 million houses were damaged, leaving approximately 8 million displaced and approximately 600,000 people in relief camps. Among those, 8.2 million women and 16 million children are the worst affected, with many requiring urgent medical and reproductive healthcare. To plan an efficient healthcare program and a climate-resilient health system, it is crucial to understand the issues that the affected people face during floods. <i>Methodology</i>. This rapid assessment included the population in the most severely affected districts across the four provinces of Pakistan. A mixed methods approach using qualitative and quantitative techniques was utilized. A total of 52 qualitative, in-depth interviews were conducted with community-level healthcare providers, national and provincial government departments, and development partners involved in relief activities. Using a structured questionnaire, the quantitative cross-sectional survey was conducted with a final sample of 422 women, married and unmarried (15-49 years old), residing in the relief camps in the flood-affected areas. The outcome variable of the survey was the access to sexual and reproductive health services faced by the women in the flood-affected districts. Data collection took place four months postfloods during Nov-Dec 2022, while the data analysis was conducted between Dec 2022 and Jan 2023. The quantitative data was analyzed using SPSS (Statistical Package for the Social Sciences) version 20, and qualitative data was analyzed using NVivo 12. Ethical consent was sought from all the participants. Ethical approval was also sought from the ethics committee of the Health Services Academy, Government of Pakistan. <i>Results</i>. The findings indicated that, overall, all the provinces were unprepared for a calamity of such a large magnitude. Access to services and health data reporting from the flood-affected areas was challenging mainly due to a shortage of trained health workforce because of the displacement of a large volume of the health workforce. Overall, equipment, medicines, supplies, and food were scarce. Women residing in the camps were markedly affected, and 84% (375) were not satisfied with the flood relief services provided to them. The floods impacted their monthly income as 30% (132) of respondents started depending on charity postfloods. Almost 77% (344) reported limited access to sexual and reproductive health services and had yet to receive sanitary, hygiene, and delivery kits, while 69% (107 out of 154) of girls stopped schooling postfloods. Almost 77% (112) of the married women reported having a child less t","PeriodicalId":9007,"journal":{"name":"BioMed Research International","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140603043","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Surface Treatment with Alkaline Agents at Two Different Temperatures on Microshear Bond Strength of Zirconia to Composite Resin","authors":"Faeze Jamali Zavare, Seyed Reza Khosravani, Moein Sabzivand, Narges Panahandeh","doi":"10.1155/2024/7720286","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2024/7720286","url":null,"abstract":"<i>Background</i>. Zirconia, with its excellent mechanical properties, has become a popular choice for esthetic and durable restorations due to the increasing demand of patients. It has overcome most of the limitations of all ceramic restorations. However, bonding to zirconia remains a challenge. <i>Objectives</i>. This study is aimed at assessing the effect of surface treatment with alkaline agents at two different temperatures on microshear bond strength (<i>μ</i>SBS) of zirconia to composite resin. <i>Materials and Methods</i>. This in vitro, experimental study was conducted on zirconia blocks measuring <span><svg height=\"8.69875pt\" style=\"vertical-align:-0.3499298pt\" version=\"1.1\" viewbox=\"-0.0498162 -8.34882 16.776 8.69875\" width=\"16.776pt\" xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\"><g transform=\"matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)\"></path></g><g transform=\"matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,9.145,0)\"></path></g></svg><span></span><svg height=\"8.69875pt\" style=\"vertical-align:-0.3499298pt\" version=\"1.1\" viewbox=\"19.6321838 -8.34882 16.777 8.69875\" width=\"16.777pt\" xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\"><g transform=\"matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,19.682,0)\"></path></g><g transform=\"matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,28.828,0)\"><use xlink:href=\"#g117-42\"></use></g></svg><span></span><svg height=\"8.69875pt\" style=\"vertical-align:-0.3499298pt\" version=\"1.1\" viewbox=\"39.314183799999995 -8.34882 6.467 8.69875\" width=\"6.467pt\" xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\"><g transform=\"matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,39.364,0)\"></path></g></svg></span> mm. The blocks were sandblasted with alumina powder and randomly assigned to 5 groups (<span><svg height=\"8.55521pt\" style=\"vertical-align:-0.2063904pt\" version=\"1.1\" viewbox=\"-0.0498162 -8.34882 17.789 8.55521\" width=\"17.789pt\" xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\"><g transform=\"matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)\"></path></g><g transform=\"matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,10.158,0)\"></path></g></svg><span></span><svg height=\"8.55521pt\" style=\"vertical-align:-0.2063904pt\" version=\"1.1\" viewbox=\"21.3711838 -8.34882 12.679 8.55521\" width=\"12.679pt\" xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\"><g transform=\"matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,21.421,0)\"></path></g><g transform=\"matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,27.661,0)\"></path></g></svg></span> each). The blocks in groups 1 and 2 underwent surface treatment with sodium hydroxide (NaOH) and groups 3 and 4 with zirconium hydroxide (Zr(OH)4) at room temperature and 70°C. Group 5 served as the control group and did not receive any surface treatment. After the application of bonding agent and its light-curing, composite cylinders in plastic tubes were bonded to the surface of each block and cured. After incubation, they underwent <i>μ</i>SBS test. Data were analyzed by one-way ANOVA and Tukey’s test (<span><svg height=\"12.4764pt\" style=\"vertical-align:-3.1685pt\" versio","PeriodicalId":9007,"journal":{"name":"BioMed Research International","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140313250","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}