BMC Infectious Diseases最新文献

{"title":"Incidence and predictors of vancomycin nephrotoxicity and mortality in patients with chronic liver disease: a two-center retrospective cohort study.","authors":"Reem F Bamogaddam, Ahmad Alamer, Shatha Alqarni, Mohammed M Almotairi, Ali A Almakrami, Alwaleed M Alharbi, Raghad Alamri, Manar Altamimi, Amal Alkhulaif, Raghad Alanazi, Omar A Almohammed, Majed S Al Yami","doi":"10.1186/s12879-025-10763-3","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12879-025-10763-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Patients with liver disease express multiple pathophysiological variations that alter the pharmacokinetics of numerous drugs. At this time, there is insufficient evidence about the proper dosing of vancomycin in patients with liver disease. This study aimed to assess the risk of acute kidney injury (AKI) during vancomycin therapy and identify predictors of AKI and all-cause mortality among patients with varying degrees of liver dysfunction.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective cohort study was conducted including patients with chronic liver disease who used vancomycin during hospitalization from January 2016 to January 2024 in two Saudi hospitals. Patients were grouped by the severity of the liver disease (mild liver disease [MLD] or moderate-to-severe liver disease [MSLD] based on the Child-Pugh score). The incidence of AKI, vancomycin mean trough level, and all-cause mortality were compared between the two groups. A multivariable logistic regression model was employed to identify predictors of AKI and mortality.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 110 patients treated with vancomycin were included in this study (28 had MLD and 82 had MSLD). A higher incidence of AKI in patients with MSLD than those with MLD was observed (28% vs. 14.3%, respectively; p = 0.1440), but the difference was statistically insignificant. The vancomycin mean trough levels (12.9 ± 5.2 μmol/L vs. 10.2 ± 4.7 μmol/L, p = 0.0143) and the percentage of patients with vancomycin trough level > 13.8 μmol/L (35.4% vs. 10.7%, p = 0.0131) were significantly higher in the MSLD group compared to the MLD group. Having a Creatinine Clearance (CrCl) between 15.1-29.9 ml/min (adjusted Odds ratio [aOR]: 45.5; 95% Confidence interval [CI] 4.99-414.8), and a vancomycin mean trough level > 13.8 μmol/L (aOR: 7.67; 95%CI 2.49-23.63) were associated with a higher risk of AKI development. Similarly, mortality was significantly higher in the MSLD group than in the MLD (23.2% vs. 3.6%, respectively; p = 0.0203). The risk of mortality was associated with having a body mass index (BMI) between 25-29.9 kg/m² (sOR 6.69; 95%CI 1.73-25.8), an albumin level < 25 g/L (aOR: 4.33; 95%CI 1.36-13.8), and a vancomycin mean trough level > 13.8 μmol/L (aOR: 6.13; 95%CI 1.82-20.6).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Patients who had MSLD had a higher trough vancomycin levels and mortality than patients who had MLD; and this risk increases as liver disease progresses. Thus, the existence of chronic liver disease should be considered when monitoring toxicity from vancomycin to minimize the risk of adverse outcomes and mortality. Larger studies are needed to closely quantify the risk of vancomycin toxicity among patients with chronic liver disease.</p>","PeriodicalId":8981,"journal":{"name":"BMC Infectious Diseases","volume":"25 1","pages":"375"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11916956/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143656027","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The influence of extrinsic apoptosis gene expression on immunological reconstitution of male ART-treated PLHIV.","authors":"Henrique Fernando Lopes-Araujo, Maria Carolina Santos Guedes, Luiz Cláudio Arraes De Alencar, Wlisses Henrique Veloso Carvalho-Silva, Lílian Maria Lapa Montenegro, Rafael Lima Guimarães","doi":"10.1186/s12879-025-10665-4","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12879-025-10665-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The primary goal of antiretroviral therapy (ART) is to suppress viral replication to undetectable levels (< 50 copies/mL). Despite achieving complete viral suppression, 10-40% of individuals on ART do not adequately restore their CD4 + T-cell count, being defined as immunological non-responders (INR). Factors such as sex, age at treatment initiation, coinfections, and pre-ART CD4 + T-cell count may influence this insufficient recovery. This impairment can also result from poor production or exacerbated destruction of CD4 + T-cells, particularly through extrinsic pathway-mediated apoptosis involving Fas/FasL and caspase-3. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the expression profile of extrinsic apoptosis pathway genes (CASP3, FAS, FASLG) in adult male HIV patients on ART. The patients were stratified as immunological responders (n = 25) and immunological non-responders (n = 8) based on the increase and total count of CD4 + T-cells. Significant differences for CASP3 (FC = 1.39, p = 0.047) and FASLG (FC = 1.94, p < 0.0001) gene expressions were identified between IR and INR groups, but not for FAS (FC=-1.2, p = 0.638). This study indicates increased apoptotic pathway gene expression in INR and highlights the influence of cell destruction mechanisms on immunological recovery.</p>","PeriodicalId":8981,"journal":{"name":"BMC Infectious Diseases","volume":"25 1","pages":"377"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11921504/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143656059","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical characteristics, complications, and outcome of brain abscess treated by stereotactic aspiration: a retrospective analysis.","authors":"Yuxiang Cai, Jian Liu, Ge Jia, Yonghong Hou, Yanjin Wang","doi":"10.1186/s12879-025-10770-4","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12879-025-10770-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The aim of this study was to investigate the clinical presentation, imaging features, and outcome of patients diagnosed with brain abscess and treated by stereotactic aspiration.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We retrospectively analyzed the medical data of all consecutive patients diagnosed with brain abscess who underwent stereotactic aspiration in our department from 2015 to 2022. The demographic characteristics, clinical presentation, radiological data, microbial aetiology, and outcome were collected and analyzed using t-test or χ² tests.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Overall, 120 patients were identified. The mean age was 49.7 years (range: 5-81); 59.2% were male. Seventy-nine patients (65.8%) had comorbidities, of which cardiovascular diseases was the most common. Most of the abscesses were solitary frontal or temporal lesions. A microbiological diagnosis was secured in 70 (58.3%) of cases, among which the majority were of the Streptococcus spp. Outcome was favorable in 107 (89.2%) of cases. The mortality rate during the initial hospital stay was 2.5%. A total of 10 individuals (8.3%) presented with preoperative delirium or coma, which was associated with an inferior clinical outcome compared to those who exhibited clear consciousness. (p = 0.01).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Stereotactic aspiration was a safe intervention with a low incidence of complications. The combination of stereotactic aspiration and antibiotic therapy was an effective treatment strategy for brain abscess. Patients who underwent stereotactic aspiration while in a state of disturbance of consciousness demonstrated a poorer outcome compared to those who were conscious.</p><p><strong>Clinical trial number: </strong>Not applicable.</p>","PeriodicalId":8981,"journal":{"name":"BMC Infectious Diseases","volume":"25 1","pages":"373"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11917069/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143655944","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Time course and determinants of the antibody response to SARS-CoV-2 in Costa Rica: the RESPIRA study.","authors":"Rolando Herrero, Romain Fantin, Viviana Loría, Amada Aparicio, D Rebecca Prevots, Michael Zúñiga, Roy Wong, Melvin Morera, Julia Butt, Marco Binder, Arturo Abdelnour, Alejandro Calderón, Roberto Castro, Bernal Cortes, Rebeca Ocampo, Juan Carlos Vanegas, Mitchell H Gail, Ruth M Pfeiffer, Julia Flock, Kim Remans, Lukas Eberhardt, Soheil Rastgou, Vladimir Magalhaes, Carolina Porras, Allan Hildesheim, Tim Waterboer","doi":"10.1186/s12879-025-10742-8","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12879-025-10742-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 are essential for protection or reduction in severity of subsequent disease. We studied antibody responses to spike protein receptor-binding domain (S1-RBD) and nucleocapsid (N) in a population-based sample of COVID-19 cases in Costa Rica.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>As part of the RESPIRA study, we selected an age-stratified random sample of PCR-confirmed COVID-19 cases diagnosed from March 2020 to July 2021. Antibodies were determined with multiplex serology in 794 unvaccinated subjects diagnosed 3 days to 17 months before recruitment to investigate immune response to natural infection. In addition, neutralizing antibodies were determined in 136 randomly selected participants. We estimated antibody positivity and GMTs by time since diagnosis and explored determinants using multivariate regression.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Most participants tested 15-29 days after PCR diagnosis were seropositive for N (90%) and S1-RBD antibodies (96%) and had the highest GMTs for both antibodies. Only 42% of subjects tested one year after infection were seropositive for N antibodies, compared to 97% for S1-RBD. GMTs for neutralizing antibodies peaked 15-89 days after infection and declined but remained positive for 95% of subjects thereafter. In multivariate models, antibodies were significantly higher among men and increased with age and severity of the clinical presentation. The correlation of multiplex and neutralizing antibodies was high (0.72 [95% CI = 0.63-0.79]) and stronger among women.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>A robust immune response against N and S1-RBD is elicited by COVID-19 a few days after infection. While S1-RBD antibodies are present after > 1 year, N antibodies decline significantly. Antibody levels are higher in men and increase with age and severity of disease. The different immune response patterns by sex warrant further investigation.</p><p><strong>Trial registration: </strong>RESPIRA Study ClinicalTrials.gov ID: NCT04537338 (3 September 2020).</p>","PeriodicalId":8981,"journal":{"name":"BMC Infectious Diseases","volume":"25 1","pages":"376"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11917050/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143656064","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Elucidating the critical role of gut microbiota in the pathogenesis of bacterial pneumonia: insights from a Mendelian randomization analysis mediated by immune cell.","authors":"Xin Gao, Changle Wang, Bingxin Pan, Yawen Liu, Shuo Yuan, Shaoru Zheng, Dongmei Yu, Lujuan Han, Zhaohua Meng","doi":"10.1186/s12879-025-10758-0","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12879-025-10758-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The gut microbiota (GM) is recognized as a critical factor in sustaining overall health and regulating the immune system. However, the precise function of GM in the pathogenesis of bacterial pneumonia (BP), as well as the potential involvement of immune cells in these mechanisms, remains inadequately understood. Given that BP represents a substantial public health issue, elucidating the protective role of the gut microbiota against this condition is of considerable significance.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We employed a bidirectional two-sample univariate Mendelian randomization (UVMR) approach to investigate the potential causal relationship between GM and BP. Furthermore, we integrated UVMR with multivariate Mendelian randomization (MVMR) analysis to assess the mediating role of immune cells in the pathway linking GM to BP risk. We additionally performed a reverse analysis to exclude GM that could exhibit a reverse causal relationship with BP.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis identified 18 GM significantly associated with BP, with 8 of these bacterial taxa linked to a reduced risk and 10 associated with an increased risk. Additionally, 50 immune cell traits exhibited suggestive associations with BP, with 27 immune cells potentially conferring protection and 23 immune cells potentially augmenting risk. Importantly, mediation MR analysis revealed that the protective effect of Clostridia on BP was predominantly mediated by the proportion of HLA DR + Natural Killer cells within CD3- lymphocytes (HLA DR + Natural Killer %CD3- lymphocytes) (Total effect IVW: OR = 0.724, 95% CI [0.552, 0.950], P = 0.020). The evaluation of the mediation effect revealed an effect size of -0.025 (95% CI [-0.061, -0.000]), with a mediation effect ratio of 7.143%.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The study identified specific components of the GM that confer a protective effect against BP. It revealed that the subsets of HLA DR + Natural Killer %CD3- lymphocytes are modulated by Clostridia, thereby enhancing the host's immune defense against BP.</p>","PeriodicalId":8981,"journal":{"name":"BMC Infectious Diseases","volume":"25 1","pages":"378"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11921498/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143655991","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Estimating HIV incidence in Türkiye: results from two mathematical models.","authors":"Emine Yaylali, Zikriye Melisa Erdogan","doi":"10.1186/s12879-025-10718-8","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12879-025-10718-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The number of HIV patients has been decreasing globally due to world-wide efforts to end this epidemic; however, HIV incidence has been significantly increasing in Türkiye in the last five years. This study aimed to develop mathematical models to analyze and forecast HIV incidence and prevalence in Türkiye up to 2030.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>First, we utilized a Bernoulli model and estimated the annual HIV incidence for risk groups such as heterosexuals (HET), men who have sex with men (MSM), persons who inject drugs (PWID) and female sex workers (FSW). We then developed a dynamic compartmental model of HIV transmission and progression to estimate the incidence of HIV from 2024 to 2030 and further determine the continuum of care levels, such as the proportion of people living with diagnosed HIV and the proportion of people receiving antiretroviral treatment. We also conducted sensitivity analyses for both models on key parameters to explore the robustness of our results.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The Bernoulli model indicates that the majority of HIV incidence is driven by two primary risk groups: men who have sex with men (MSM) (41%) and high-risk heterosexuals (HET) (38%). While the risk of HIV transmission is high for people who inject drugs (PWID) (0.07%) and female sex workers (FSW) (0.85%), their contribution to total incidence is lower due to their smaller population sizes. Results from the dynamic compartmental model predict that both the incidence of HIV and the number of HIV-related deaths will continue to rise over the next decade. HIV incidence is projected to reach 27,036 cases in 2025 and increase 2.9-times to 105,202 cases by 2030. According to our models, a significant portion of the HIV-positive population remains undiagnosed (49%), and individuals at high risk of HIV transmission (41% of estimated HIV incidence) are the primary drivers of the epidemic.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The number of HIV cases could significantly increase with existing prevention efforts, and HIV could become a major public health threat in the near future in Türkiye.</p>","PeriodicalId":8981,"journal":{"name":"BMC Infectious Diseases","volume":"25 1","pages":"367"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11912790/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143647015","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction: Haematological markers as predictive tools for tuberculosis in PLHIV: a retrospective cohort study in Gujarat, India.","authors":"Yogesh M, Roshni Vamja, Parth Anilbhai Parmar, Naresh Makwana, R Naveen Shyam Sundar","doi":"10.1186/s12879-025-10764-2","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12879-025-10764-2","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8981,"journal":{"name":"BMC Infectious Diseases","volume":"25 1","pages":"370"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11912747/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143646896","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimal treatment of Imipenem and meropenem against bloodstream infections caused by the Citrobacter spp.","authors":"Lushun Jiang, Jiaheng Fang, Jiajie Zhang, Kanghui Zhang, Junpeng Yue, Kaixuan Dong, Jiaying Shen, Yunqing Qiu, Wei Yu","doi":"10.1186/s12879-025-10760-6","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12879-025-10760-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This work was to investigate the optimal treatments of imipenem (IPM) and meropenem (MEM) against bloodstream infections (BSIs) caused by Citrobacter spp.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 230 nonduplicate BSIs Citrobacter spp. were collected from 2014 to 2020 in three hospitals in Zhejiang Province in China. The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of 17 antibiotics were determined. Monte Carlo simulation (MCS) was used to investigate the cumulative fraction of response (CFR) of 8 regimens of IPM and 10 regimens of MEM.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>C. freundii (Cfr) was the predominant epidemic isolate (83.9%, 193/230). The resistance rates to IPM and MEM showed an increasing trend from 2015 to 2019. Fosfomycin showed excellent activity from 2014 to 2020. The probability of target attainment of IPM and MEM by prolonged 3 h infusion therapy (PIT) was higher than that by traditional 0.5 h (h) infusion therapy (TIT) during the same administration dosage. The CFR of all IPM regimes was above 90%, while MEM with 500 mg q8h was lower than 90%, especially for Cfr.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Cfr is the most common BSIs. Citrobacter spp. PIT is more adequate to provide activity against BSIs Citrobacter spp., especially for IPM.</p>","PeriodicalId":8981,"journal":{"name":"BMC Infectious Diseases","volume":"25 1","pages":"366"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11912752/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143647018","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Risk factors for latent tuberculosis infection clustering among the elderly: a population-based cross-sectional study in Eastern China.","authors":"Zhenguo Zhu, Wei Shen, Jiajun Hu, Meng Jin, Lijie Shi, Yafang Wu, Jianliang Fan","doi":"10.1186/s12879-025-10743-7","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12879-025-10743-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Tuberculosis (TB) remains a major global health threat. Mass screening effectively detects hidden TB cases and latent tuberculosis infections (LTBI), crucial for prevention. This study aims to use IFN-γ release assay (IGRA) screening in Deqing elderly reveals hidden TB and LTBI cases, explore the risk factors influencing the clustering of LTBI.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cross-sectional study was conducted in 2023 among elderly residents (aged 60 years or above) in Deqing County using IGRA test (AIMTB). Participants were sampled from 13 towns or sub-districts proportional to their populations (26,234 participants, 19.01% of the elderly population aged 60 and above in Deqing). Demographic information and comorbidities were collected. Spatial autocorrelation analysis was conducted at the village level to identify LTBI clusters, and logistic regression was used to explore clustering risk factors by comparing population characteristics in hot spots versus cold spots.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the 26,234 participants, 25,952 with complete data and definite IGRA results were included in the analysis. 1,878 were diagnosed with LTBI, resulting in an overall prevalence of 7.34%. LTBI prevalence was higher in males (8.69% vs. 6.01%, P < 0.0001), those aged over 70 and 80 (8.80% vs. 7.24% vs. 6.66%, P < 0.001), and individuals with low or high BMI (8.06% vs. 7.91% vs. 6.75%, P < 0.0001), smokers (8.89% vs. 6.77%, P < 0.001), and alcohol consumers (8.77% vs. 6.77%, P < 0.0001). Spatial analysis revealed 18 villages as cold spots and 5 as hot spots. Multivariable logistic regression of cold and hot spots identified age (70-79) (OR = 1.550, 95% CI = 1.225-1.962, P < 0.001) and alcohol consumers (OR = 1.495, 95% CI = 1.139-1.967, P = 0.004) are clustering risk factors. BMI (< 18.5) (OR = 0.451, 95%CI = 0.319-0.637, P < 0.001), and literate are clustering protective factors (OR = 0.556, 95%CI = 0.425-0.727, P < 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study underscores the high burden of LTBI among elderly males and individuals with certain risk factors in Deqing County. Identifying age and alcohol consumers as key factors in LTBI clustering suggests targeted interventions in high-risk villages could enhance TB prevention and control efforts.</p>","PeriodicalId":8981,"journal":{"name":"BMC Infectious Diseases","volume":"25 1","pages":"368"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11912638/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143647021","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhancing early diagnosis and monitoring of wound infections caused by multiple bacteria in tissues through digital PCR integration with cutaneous infection biomarkers.","authors":"Zhi Wang, Cheng Feng, Guojing Chang, Hao Liu, Wenchao Zhang","doi":"10.1186/s12879-025-10761-5","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12879-025-10761-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>This study explores the potential of combining digital polymerase chain reaction (PCR) with cutaneous infection biomarkers for the early diagnosis and monitoring of wound infections caused by multiple bacteria.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We selected a cohort of 276 patients with wounds who were admitted to our hospital from July 2022 to July 2023. These patients were categorized into 46 infection cases and 230 non-infection cases based on clinical evaluation. Clinical data, including routine blood tests [Red Blood Cell count (RBC), Hemoglobin (Hb), White Blood Cell count (WBC), Platelets (PLT)], D-dimer (D-D), and blood biochemistry parameters (liver function, lipid profile, blood glucose, renal function), were collected from both groups. Bacterial cultures were obtained from the infection group, and digital PCR targeting multiple bacteria (Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, Acinetobacter baumannii, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae) was performed. Logistic regression analysis was conducted to identify risk factors for wound infection, and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were generated to assess the diagnostic performance of digital PCR in conjunction with cutaneous infection biomarkers.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>No significant differences were observed between the infection and non-infection groups regarding age, gender, body mass index (BMI), or wound characteristics (P > 0.05). However, the infection group exhibited significantly higher levels of RBC, Hb, WBC, PLT, and D-D (P < 0.05). Key factors influencing wound infections included WBC, PLT, glycosylated hemoglobin, and the specific bacteria identified. ROC curve analysis revealed area under the curve (AUC) values for individual markers, with a combined AUC of 0.899, demonstrating excellent diagnostic performance.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Digital PCR, when combined with cutaneous infection biomarkers, proves to be an effective diagnostic tool for wound infections. This approach shows great promise in clinical applications, with the potential to significantly improve patient outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":8981,"journal":{"name":"BMC Infectious Diseases","volume":"25 1","pages":"372"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11917136/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143647007","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}