BMC Infectious Diseases最新文献

{"title":"Prevalence of intestinal parasites and Helicobacter pylori co-infection in people with gastrointestinal symptoms in Africa: a systematic review and meta-analysis.","authors":"Yenesew Mihret Wondmagegn, Getu Girmay, Gashaw Azanaw Amare, Muluneh Assefa, Mebratu Tamir, Zufan Yiheyis Abriham, Abebaw Setegn","doi":"10.1186/s12879-024-10432-x","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12879-024-10432-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Gastrointestinal infections caused by intestinal parasites and Helicobacter pylori are significant public health issues in Africa, where poor sanitation and limited access to healthcare contribute to high disease burden. Since there was no previous pooled data regarding the intestinal parasites and Helicobacter pylori co-infections among gastrointestinal symptomatic patients in the African context, this review aimed to determine the overall prevalence of intestinal parasites and Helicobacter pylori co-infection in people with gastrointestinal symptoms in Africa.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The current review followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses (PRISMA) standards and registered in the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO; CRD42024598993). A comprehensive search was conducted across electronic databases: PubMed, Medline, EMBASE, Google Scholar, Web of Science, Science Direct, and African Journals Online. The data was extracted using Microsoft Excel 2010 and analyzed using STATA version 11.0 Software. A random-effects model was used to calculate the pooled effect size of outcome variables across studies, with a 95% confidence interval. The I² statistic was employed to assess heterogeneity. A funnel plot and Egger's test were used to identify publication bias. A p-value < 0.05 indicated statistically significant publication bias.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The combined prevalence of intestinal parasites and H. pylori co-infections was 31.03% (95% CI: 18.66-43.39) with significant heterogeneity (I² = 98.9%, p = 0.000). The Subgroup analysis revealed that Egypt and Ethiopia had the highest and lowest rates of intestinal parasites and H. pylori co-infection respectively at 39.84% (95% CI: 27.79-51.88%), and 5.86% (95% CI: 4.10-7.62). Moreover, the adjusted Egger's regression test did not reveal any publication bias (p = 0.116).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This meta-analysis shows a significant prevalence of intestinal parasites and H. pylori co-infection in Africans with gastrointestinal symptoms. The coexistence of these diseases creates diagnostic and therapeutic problems. Thus, the findings underscore need for targeted interventions and further research is needed to develop effective control strategies to reduce the impact of these illnesses on public health in Africa.</p>","PeriodicalId":8981,"journal":{"name":"BMC Infectious Diseases","volume":"25 1","pages":"20"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11699658/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142926388","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical presentation and predictors of hospital mortality of diphtheria in Nigeria, July 2023 to April 2024: a single-center study.","authors":"Abdurrazzaq Alege, Olayinka Rasheed Ibrahim, Rasheedat Mobolaji Ibraheem, Olajide Aladesua, Abubakar Sani Lugga, Yunusa Yusuf Yahaya, Abdallah Sanda, Bello Muhammed Suleiman","doi":"10.1186/s12879-024-10401-4","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12879-024-10401-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Despite recurrent outbreaks of diphtheria in Nigeria, there is a lack of in-depth analysis of hospitalization outcomes. Herein, we describe the sociodemographic, clinical, and laboratory features associated with hospitalization outcomes (defined as death or discharge) during the recent diphtheria outbreak in Nigeria.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This prospective observational study included 246 confirmed diphtheria cases managed in a dedicated isolation ward of a health facility in northwestern Nigeria from July 1, 2023, to April 30, 2024. We analyzed clinical and laboratory features, immunization status, and socio-demographics in relation to hospitalization deaths using SPSS version 29.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The median age (interquartile range) was 7.00 (4-10) years and 49.6% (122) were aged 5-10 years. Common clinical features were fever (95.9%), sore throat (91.9%), painful swallowing (90.7%), pseudomembrane (93.1%), and cervical-submandibular lymphadenopathy (91.5%). Most children were unvaccinated (158; 64.2%), 199 (80.9%) received diphtheria antitoxin, and both were related to outcomes. Mortality rate was 23.5% (58/246). After adjusting for confounders, predictors of hospitalization deaths were neck swelling with an adjusted odds ratio (AOR) of 9.80 (95% CI 1.68-56.47), abnormal respiratory findings (AOR, 149.99 [95% CI, 15.60-1442.02] ), hypoxemia (AOR, 37.79 [95% CI, 4.26-331.96] ), and elevated serum creatinine above 1.5 mg/dL (AOR 107.78, 95% CI, 7.94-1462.38).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Diphtheria is a significant burden in Nigeria, particularly among children. Neck swelling, hypoxemia, abnormal respiratory findings, and impaired renal function were predictive of hospitalization death. Although antitoxin and vaccination were related to outcomes, they did not predict hospitalization death.</p>","PeriodicalId":8981,"journal":{"name":"BMC Infectious Diseases","volume":"25 1","pages":"8"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11697654/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142920707","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Modeling COVID-19 dynamics in the Basque Country: characterizing population immunity profile from 2020 to 2022.","authors":"Bechir Naffeti, Zeineb Ounissi, Akhil Kumar Srivastav, Nico Stollenwerk, Joseba Bidaurrazaga Van-Dierdonck, Maíra Aguiar","doi":"10.1186/s12879-024-10342-y","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12879-024-10342-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>COVID-19, caused by SARS-CoV-2, has spread globally, presenting a significant public health challenge. Vaccination has played a critical role in reducing severe disease and deaths. However, the waning of immunity after vaccination and the emergence of immune-escape variants require the continuation of vaccination efforts, including booster doses, to maintain population immunity. This study models the dynamics of COVID-19 in the Basque Country, Spain, aiming to characterize the population's immunity profile and assess its impact on the severity of outbreaks from 2020 to 2022.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A SIR/DS model was developed to analyze the interplay of virus-specific and vaccine-induced immunity. The model includes three levels of immunity, with boosting effects from reinfection and/or vaccination. It was validated using empirical daily case data from the Basque Country. The model tracks shifts in immunity status and their effects on disease dynamics over time.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The COVID-19 epidemic in the Basque Country progressed through three distinct phases, each shaped by dynamic interactions between virus transmission, public health interventions, and vaccination efforts. The initial phase was marked by a rapid surge in cases, followed by a decline due to strict public health measures, with a seroprevalence of <math><mrow><mn>1.3</mn> <mo>%</mo></mrow> </math> . In the intermediate phase, multiple smaller outbreaks emerged as restrictions were relaxed and new variants, such as Alpha and Delta, appeared. During this period, reinfection rates reached <math><mrow><mn>20</mn> <mo>%</mo></mrow> </math> , and seroprevalence increased to <math><mrow><mn>32</mn> <mo>%</mo></mrow> </math> . The final phase, dominated by the Omicron variant, saw a significant rise in cases driven by waning immunity and the variant's high transmissibility. Notably, <math><mrow><mn>34</mn> <mo>%</mo></mrow> </math> of infections during this phase occurred in the naive population, with seroprevalence peaking at <math><mrow><mn>43</mn> <mo>%</mo></mrow> </math> . Across all phases, the infection of naive and unvaccinated individuals contributed significantly to the severity of outbreaks, emphasizing the critical role of vaccination in mitigating disease impact.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The findings underscore the importance of continuous monitoring and adaptive public health strategies to mitigate the evolving epidemiological and immunological landscape of COVID-19. Dynamic interactions between immunity levels, reinfections, and vaccinations are critical in shaping outbreak severity and guiding evidence-based interventions.</p>","PeriodicalId":8981,"journal":{"name":"BMC Infectious Diseases","volume":"25 1","pages":"9"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11697651/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142920332","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Chlamydia psittaci pneumonia - evolutionary aspects on chest CT.","authors":"Na Yang, Zhengqiu Ou, Qian Sun, Junping Pan, Jing Wu, Chen Xue","doi":"10.1186/s12879-024-10374-4","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12879-024-10374-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To present the different findings of Chlamydia psittaci (C. psittaci) pneumonia on computed tomography (CT) according to the progression of the disease, to improve diagnostic accuracy, guide early clinical diagnosis, evaluate treatment efficacy, and reduce the mortality associated with the disease.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In total, 80 cases of C. psittaci pneumonia diagnosed through next-generation sequencing from January 2019 to December 2023 in multiple hospitals in China were collected according to the inclusion criteria and analyzed. The study discussed important CT findings and their dynamic changes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The most common manifestations of C. psittaci pneumonia are lobar pneumonia and spherical pneumonia types with interstitial changes. The most common signs are the intralobular lines, air bronchogram sign, and reverse halo sign. In addition, necrosis, cavitation, and the tree-in-bud sign are rare but often associated with pleural effusion and splenomegaly. In the ultra-early stage, vascular inflammation changes were observed on imaging, often manifesting as ground-glass opacities around small core vessels or thickening of pulmonary hilar vessels. In the early stage, secondary lobules showed high-density shadows, which rapidly fused into large areas in the progressive stage, easily forming lobar pneumonia. The repair and absorption period tended to show the formation of the reverse halo sign centrally, and the dissipation period might have led to the formation of fibrous bands.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Combining clinical manifestations, laboratory tests, contact history, and imaging findings contribute to the diagnosis of C. psittaci pneumonia.</p>","PeriodicalId":8981,"journal":{"name":"BMC Infectious Diseases","volume":"25 1","pages":"11"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11697637/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142920702","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integration of metabolomics methodologies for the development of predictive models for mortality risk in elderly patients with severe COVID-19.","authors":"Shanpeng Cui, Qiuyuan Han, Ran Zhang, Siyao Zeng, Ying Shao, Yue Li, Ming Li, Wenhua Liu, Junbo Zheng, Hongliang Wang","doi":"10.1186/s12879-024-10402-3","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12879-024-10402-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The rapid evolution of the COVID-19 pandemic and subsequent global immunization efforts have rendered early metabolomics studies potentially outdated, as they primarily involved non-exposed, non-vaccinated populations. This paper presents a predictive model developed from up-to-date metabolomics data integrated with clinical data to estimate early mortality risk in critically ill COVID-19 patients. Our study addresses the critical gap in current research by utilizing current patient samples, providing fresh insights into the pathophysiology of the disease in a partially immunized global population.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>One hundred elderly patients with severe COVID-19 infection, including 46 survivors and 54 non-survivors, were recruited in January-February 2023 at the Second Hospital affiliated with Harbin Medical University. A predictive model within 24 h of admission was developed using blood metabolomics and clinical data. Differential metabolite analysis and other techniques were used to identify relevant characteristics. Model performance was assessed by comparing the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC). The final prediction model was externally validated in a cohort of 50 COVID-19 elderly critically ill patients at the First Hospital affiliated with Harbin Medical University during the same period.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Significant disparities in blood metabolomics and laboratory parameters were noted between individuals who survived and those who did not. One metabolite indicator, Itaconic acid, and four laboratory tests (LYM, IL-6, PCT, and CRP), were identified as the five variables in all four models. The external validation set demonstrated that the KNN model exhibited the highest AUC of 0.952 among the four models. When considering a 50% risk of mortality threshold, the validation set displayed a sensitivity of 0.963 and a specificity of 0.957.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The prognostic outcome of COVID-19 elderly patients is significantly influenced by the levels of Itaconic acid, LYM, IL-6, PCT, and CRP upon admission. These five indicators can be utilized to assess the mortality risk in affected individuals.</p>","PeriodicalId":8981,"journal":{"name":"BMC Infectious Diseases","volume":"25 1","pages":"10"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11697755/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142920291","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genomic and epidemiological analysis of SARS-CoV-2 variants isolated in Guinea: a routine sequencing implementation.","authors":"Aminata Mbaye, Haby Diallo, Thibaut Armel Cherif Gnimadi, Kadio Jean Jacques Olivier Kadio, Abdoul Karim Soumah, Joel Balle Koivogui, Jean Louis Monemou, Moriba Kowa Povogui, Djiba Kaba, Castro Hounmenou, Laetitia Serrano, Christelle Butel, Nicolas Fernandez Nuñez, Nicole Vidal, Emilande Guichet, Eric Delaporte, Ahidjo Ayouba, Martine Peeters, Abdoulaye Toure, Alpha Kabinet Keita","doi":"10.1186/s12879-024-10411-2","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12879-024-10411-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Several variants of SARS-CoV-2 have a demonstrated impact on public health, including high and increased transmissibility, severity of infection, and immune escape. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the SARS-CoV-2 lineages and better characterize the dynamics of the pandemic during the different waves in Guinea.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Whole genome sequencing of 363 samples with PCR cycle threshold (Ct) values under thirty was undertaken between May 2020 and May 2023. The Illumina iSeq 100 technology was used. The sequences were then analyzed using the GeVarli pipeline to generate consensus sequences and variant calling. All sequences isolated in Guinea and available on GISAID were included in the analysis for phylogenetic tree and phylodynamic determination. Nextstain tools were used for these analyses. Statistical analysis was done using GraphPad Prism version 10.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The circulation of SARS-CoV-2 in Guinea can be distributed in three different periods. The first, lasting from May to June 2020, was characterized by lineages B1 and B.1.1. The second period, from January 2021 to July 2021, was characterized by the lineages B.1.1.7 (Alpha), AY.122, B.1.1.318, R1, B.1.525 and B.1.629. The third period, between December 2021 and May 2023, was characterized by the Omicron variant, with nine subvariant majorities found. In addition, detecting variants in the period out of their circulation was documented. The importation and exportation investigation showed the strong movement viral association between Guinea and Senegal on the one hand and Guinea and Nigeria on the other.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In summary, this study contributes to understanding the epidemic dynamics of the disease by describing the significant variants that circulated in Guinee and the distribution of this variant in the population. It also shows the importation and exportation of the virus during the pandemic. Sub-sampling and degradation of samples for sequences were observed. Organization and collaboration between laboratories are needed for a good sample-collecting and storage system for future direction.</p>","PeriodicalId":8981,"journal":{"name":"BMC Infectious Diseases","volume":"25 1","pages":"3"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11696909/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142920709","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Incidence and risk factors of Vancomycin-induced thrombocytopenia: a six-year real-world study.","authors":"Yuanchao Zhu, Lishuang Huang, Jingjing Zhang, Liang Liang, Pengfei Jin","doi":"10.1186/s12879-024-10393-1","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12879-024-10393-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Drug-induced thrombocytopenia has been reported for numerous drugs. Vancomycin-induced thrombocytopenia (VIT) is infrequently and often under-recognized. VIT can lead to the serious consequences of some life-threatening bleeding, especially in high-risk population. However, few studies have focused on VIT. This study aimed to describe the occurrence and manifestation of VIT and evaluate its risk factors in real-world settings.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective case-control study of patients treated with intravenous vancomycin was conducted between January 2018 and December 2023.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among the 1269 identified patients, the incidence of thrombocytopenia was 3.3% (42/1269) after a medium of 9 days (range, 2 to 22) of the initiation of vancomycin therapy. Twenty-four patients experienced platelet recovery, and all recovered after discontinuing vancomycin, with a mean duration of 9 days (range, 1 to 35) after vancomycin cessation. The severity of thrombocytopenia varied among these patients, with 45.2% (19/42) experiencing Grade 3 to Grade 4 thrombocytopenia. Multivariate analysis indicated that risk factors for VIT were qSOFA score ≥ 2, underlying renal diseases, duration of vancomycin therapy ≥ 8 days, PLT ≤ 150 × 10⁹/L, and BUN ≥ 12 mmol/L. In the retrospective cohort, among patients with 0-5 risk factors, the incidence rates of VIT were 0.2% (1/556), 1.6% (7/439), 5.8% (10/173), 14.9% (11/74), 42.1% (8/19), and 62.5% (5/8) respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>It is crucial for medical staff to remain vigilant and carefully observe any signs of potential bleeding throughout vancomycin therapy, especially in those with more than 3 combined risk factors.</p>","PeriodicalId":8981,"journal":{"name":"BMC Infectious Diseases","volume":"25 1","pages":"7"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11697819/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142919590","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Modified TPPA combined with western blotting facilitates syphilis diagnosis in isolated reactive treponemal chemiluminescence immunoassay sera: a prospective cohort study.","authors":"Xia Luo, Hua Xiao, Yanfang Lu, Weiming Gu, Ziyong Sun, Jing Peng, Liming Cheng","doi":"10.1186/s12879-024-10404-1","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12879-024-10404-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The challenge of dealing with isolated reactive treponemal chemiluminescence immunoassay (CIA) results in clinical practice has prompted the development of a more efficient algorithm for distinguishing true infection from false reactivity in isolated CIA sera.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A prospective cohort study was conducted at Wuhan Tongji Hospital, involving 119,002 individuals screened for syphilis using CIA from January 1, 2015, to January 6, 2017. Samples with reactive CIA results underwent simultaneous testing with the T. pallidum passive particle agglutination assay (TPPA) and the rapid plasma reagin test (RPR). Additionally, a subgroup of 189 individuals with differing TPPA statuses was selected for further analysis using Western blotting (WB) and a modified TPPA assay (titer, 1:20). To identify the optimal serological approach for distinguishing true from false reactivity in sera with isolated reactive CIAs (CIA⁺TPPA^-RPR^-), two distinct algorithms were developed and evaluated. The first algorithm involved reflexively testing CIA⁺TPPA^-RPR^- sera with the modified TPPA, followed by WB if nonreactive. The second algorithm began with WB, followed by the modified TPPA if nonreactive or indeterminate.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>WB demonstrated lower sensitivity compared to TPPA, but it identified six syphilis cases among the 89 CIA⁺TPPA^- samples. Both WB and modified TPPA exhibited a specificity of 100%. The two supplementary confirmatory algorithms detected 12 additional syphilis cases, with the first algorithm being more cost-effective and labor-saving.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>A combination of a modified TPPA (titer, 1:20) and WB can serve as a reliable algorithm for distinguishing true syphilis infection from false reactive signals in isolated reactive CIA sera.</p><p><strong>Clinical trial number: </strong>Not applicable.</p>","PeriodicalId":8981,"journal":{"name":"BMC Infectious Diseases","volume":"25 1","pages":"6"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11697872/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142920338","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unusual presentation of esophageal tuberculosis: a case study.","authors":"Ming Xue, Yue-Can Zeng","doi":"10.1186/s12879-024-10418-9","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12879-024-10418-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Esophageal ulcers can arise not only from malignant lesions but also from benign diseases, such as tuberculosis. These ulcers may mimic the radiological features of esophageal malignancy or tuberculosis on PET/CT, leading to diagnostic challenges.</p><p><strong>Case presentation: </strong>A 59-year-old woman was admitted to our hospital with a month-long history of progressive painful swallowing, fatigue, and loss of appetite. Whole-body 18 F-FDG PET/CT revealed a lesion in the mid-esophagus and swollen mediastinal lymph nodes with high FDG uptake, showing a maximum standardized uptake value (SUVmax) of 17.10 for the lymph nodes and 8.08 for the esophageal lesion. Esophageal cancer was initially suspected based on PET/CT findings. However, pathological examination of the esophageal lesion obtained via esophagoscopy showed only inflammation and granulation tissue, with no malignancy. A biopsy of the lymph nodes obtained through endoscopic ultrasonography revealed caseous necrosis but no atypical cells, and microbiological tests were positive for Mycobacterium tuberculosis. A final diagnosis of esophageal tuberculosis was made.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Esophageal lesions can result from both malignant and benign conditions, including tuberculosis, and may mimic the radiological features of esophageal malignancy on PET/CT or other imaging studies. When esophageal lesions resemble malignancy, pseudotumoral esophagus and esophageal tuberculosis should be considered as differential diagnoses. Endoscopy, particularly endoscopic ultrasonography, is strongly recommended to accurately distinguish between benign and malignant esophageal lesions, helping to avoid unnecessary invasive treatments and reduce potential physical and psychological harm to patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":8981,"journal":{"name":"BMC Infectious Diseases","volume":"25 1","pages":"4"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11694470/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142920438","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association between latent toxoplasmosis and bipolar disorder: a case-control seroprevalence study.","authors":"Abdol Sattar Pagheh, Adele Sadat Talebian, Tooran Nayeri, Ali Akbar Esmaeili, Fatemeh Rezaei, Eisa Nazar, Masood Ziaee","doi":"10.1186/s12879-024-10405-0","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12879-024-10405-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii) is the most successful obligate protozoan that can infect warm-blooded vertebrate hosts. Some researchers suggest that the presence of Toxoplasma cysts in the brain can lead to mental disorders. Bipolar disorder (BD) is one of the serious neuropsychiatric disorders. Several studies have shown a high seroprevalence of T. gondii in bipolar patients. Therefore, this study aims to determine the prevalence of this infection in patients with BD.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this case-control study, anti-Toxoplasma immunoglobulin (Ig) G and IgM antibodies were measured in serum samples from 115 patients with BD and 115 subjects without this disorder from the general population using commercially available enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Demographic characteristics of the patient and control groups, information about T. gondii infection and BD, and their potential risk factors were analyzed. We utilized the Mann-Whitney U test for continuous variables, the chi-square test for categorical data, and multivariate logistic regression to assess T. gondii infection and BD, with significance set at P < 0.05.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Twenty-eight (24.34%) of 115 patients with BD and 10 (8.7%) of 115 controls had anti-T. gondii IgG antibodies. IgM antibodies against T. gondii were not reported to be positive in any participants. Furthermore, there was a statistically significant difference in the results [odds ratio (OR) = 2.89: 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.08-7.73. P = 0.03]. Within the study population, various factors were identified as significant risk factors for BD: sex (OR 8.10, 95% CI 3.16-20.75), age 20-50 (OR 5.11, 95% CI 1.81-14.45), age over 50 (OR 19.54, 95% CI 4.02-94.89), education level (OR 0.24, 95% CI 0.09-0.60), working status (non-employment, OR 4.12, 95% CI 1.65-10.30), and income (middle, OR 0.29, 95% CI 0.10-0.89; high, OR 0.12, 95% CI 0.01-0.77), all with P-values less than 0.05. In addition, in the group of patients, there was no statistically significant relationship between T. gondii infection with the type of bipolar disease (P = 0.93), the severity of the disease (P = 0.61), and the history of suicide attempts (P = 0.63).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study showed that toxoplasmosis is a risk factor for BD and increases the chance of developing BD. However, more studies with a larger sample size are recommended to clarify the development pathways of this disorder and provide new strategies for the prevention and treatment of this disease.</p><p><strong>Clinical trial: </strong>Not applicable.</p>","PeriodicalId":8981,"journal":{"name":"BMC Infectious Diseases","volume":"25 1","pages":"2"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11694387/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142913829","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}