BMC Infectious Diseases最新文献

{"title":"A prospective cluster randomized trial of an interventions bundle to reduce inappropriate antibiotic use for upper respiratory tract infections in the outpatient setting.","authors":"Adeel A Butt, Sherin Shams, Atika Jabeen, Asma Ali Al-Nuaimi, Jeyaram Illiayaraja Krishnan, Aimon B Malik, Samah Saleem, Maryam Hassan Abdulaziz, Naheel Ismail Seyam, Kamran Aziz, Dalia Kandil, Anil G Thomas, Hanaa Nafady-Hego, Muzna I Lone, Jameela Al Ajmi, Zain A Bhutta, Noora AlSulaiti, Wael E Said Hussein, Sandy Semaan, Samya Ahmad Al-Abdulla, Mohamed Ghaith Al-Kuwari, Abdul-Badi Abou-Samra","doi":"10.1186/s12879-025-11210-z","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12879-025-11210-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Antibiotic overuse and increasing antimicrobial resistance are global public health threats. We determined the impact of a multicomponent intervention in reducing inappropriate antibiotic use for upper respiratory tract infections (URTIs) in the outpatient setting.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>DESIGN: Prospective, cluster-randomized trial.</p><p><strong>Intervention: </strong>Bundled 4-component intervention including extensive provider education, a decision support algorithm, option for deferred antibiotics prescription, and monthly feedback on prescription patterns, vs. a single randomly assigned intervention (decision support algorithm).</p><p><strong>Setting: </strong>Four Primary healthcare centers in Qatar with study period from August 2023 to October 2024.</p><p><strong>Participants: </strong>Individuals with a diagnosis of URTI who were prescribed antibiotics.</p><p><strong>Main outcome(s): </strong>Reduction in inappropriate antibiotic prescriptions for URTIs in the intervention vs. control group during the 11-month follow-up period.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We analyzed 20,062 episodes-of-care for URTIs with an antibiotic prescription (9,277 at control and 10,785 at intervention sites). In a mixed effects logistic regression model accounting for the clustering effect, the intervention was associated with a 29% reduction in odds of inappropriate antibiotics prescriptions ( [aOR] 0.71; 95% CI 0.66-0.77). The relative reduction was 20.9% (44.9% vs. 35.5%; p < 0.001) between the two groups. The relative drop in inappropriate antibiotic prescriptions before and after the interventions was 16.3% (42.4% vs 35.5%; p < 0.001) at intervention sites (p < 0.001) compared with 2.2% (45.9% to 44.9%; p = 0.4) at control sites. Senior-most physicians and younger population (19-40 years old) were more likely to prescribe or receive inappropriate antibiotic prescription.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>A multi-component intervention can significantly reduce inappropriate antibiotic prescriptions for URTIs in the outpatient setting.</p><p><strong>Clinicaltrials: </strong></p><p><strong>Gov id: </strong>NCT06135376, Registration Date: November 9, 2023.</p>","PeriodicalId":8981,"journal":{"name":"BMC Infectious Diseases","volume":"25 1","pages":"818"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12211981/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144538020","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An outbreak of scabies in a fishing community in Hoima District, Uganda, February - June, 2022.","authors":"Rebecca Akunzirwe, Brian Agaba, Saudah Namubiru Kizito, Lilian Bulage, Benon Kwesiga, Richard Migisha, Robert Kaos Majwala, Peter Chris Kawungezi, Jane Frances Zalwango, Daniel Kadobera, Alex Riolexus Ario","doi":"10.1186/s12879-025-11208-7","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12879-025-11208-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Scabies, an infectious parasitic disease, is endemic in most resource-poor tropical areas, including Uganda. On May 21, 2022, the Ugandan Ministry of Health was notified of > 1,000 cases of scabies in Hoima District. We investigated to assess the scope of the outbreak, identify associated factors, and recommend interventions.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We defined a suspected scabies case as the onset of an itchy pimple-like skin rash or crusting from January 2021 to July 2022 in a resident of Hoima District. We reviewed medical records, performed active community case-finding, and computed attack rates by age, sex, and village per 1,000 population. Using logistic regression, we compared exposures among 101 case persons and 99 unmatched controls living in Rwentale Landing Site in Hoima during June 2022.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We line listed 2,236 suspected cases in Hoima District. Children aged 5-14 years were more affected (AR = 64/1,000) than persons aged ≥ 15 years (AR = 8/1,000) (p < 0.001). Males (AR = 27/1,000) were more affected than females (AR = 15/1,000) (p < 0.001). Of the 54 affected villages, Rwentale Village had the highest attack rate (AR = 233/1,000 population). Rwentale Village includes a fishing area known as Rwentale Landing Site where 1,119 (50%) cases in Hoima District were identified. At this landing site, cases began in April 2022 shortly after the end of the peak fishing and trading season. Being aged 5-14 years (AOR = 4.9, 95%CI: 2.0-12), being male (AOR = 2.4, 95%CI 1.1-5.1), living with another case (AOR = 3.1, 95%CI: 1.5-6.2), and sharing three or more personal care items (towel, beddings, clothes, or sponges) (AOR = 2.2, 95%CI: 1.1-4.6) were associated with scabies.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This scabies outbreak was likely initiated by person-to-person interactions during peak fishing and trading months at a landing site and propagated by close household interactions. Community sensitization on scabies, especially before fishing and trading seasons is recommended for prevention and early control of scabies in the region. Additionally, establishing a surveillance system for scabies, in high-risk areas such as fishing communities may facilitate timely detection and control of future outbreaks.</p>","PeriodicalId":8981,"journal":{"name":"BMC Infectious Diseases","volume":"25 1","pages":"846"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12219025/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144538023","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Molecular detection of Leishmania major human infections in the Zinder area, Niger.","authors":"Romain Blaizot, Mahaman Moustapha Lamine, Mona Saout, Kadidia Issa, Ibrahim Maman Laminou, Alexandre Duvignaud, Magalie Demar, Mahamadou Doutchi","doi":"10.1186/s12879-025-11229-2","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12879-025-11229-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Cutaneous Leishmaniasis (CL) is underreported in Sub-Saharan Africa. Only a few studies reported the use of molecular diagnostic methods for CL in the region, whereas reports of therapeutic outcomes are scarce.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>An international consortium was established between local teams in the Zinder region of Niger and a referral centre for leishmaniasis in French Guiana. Specific training on CL diagnostic was provided by the Guianese team to Nigerien health workers. All consenting patients with clinically suspected CL lesions were enrolled. Samples were made for parasitological smear and PCR on cotton swabs. Then, participants were treated as per local protocol with oral metronidazole for 14 days and were followed for 4 months.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In total, 59 clinically suspected CL cases were included, among whom 33 (56%) were confirmed by PCR and/or by microscopy, including 21 men and 22 women, 23 minors and 10 adults. 32 (97%) of them presented with ulcers (including 12 with ulcers and nodules). The median number of lesions was 2 [IQR 1-3]. The most frequent location of lesions was the lower limbs (21/33, 63.6%), followed by the upper limbs (14/33, 42.4%). One mucosal involvement was reported but unconfirmed with PCR. The efficacy of oral metronidazole was 90.9% (30/33) among confirmed cases and 76.3% (45/59) in the overall study population. The documented species was Leishmania major.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This is the first report of PCR-proven human CL in Niger, and the first report of a human CL case in the Zinder area for more than a century. Molecular techniques confirmed the circulation of L. major in this area, which until now had only been determined by isoenzymes analysis. Presenting CL patients were very young. Treatment outcomes with metronidazole were encouraging. This prompts for a formal evaluation of the efficacy of this drug, ideally in a randomized controlled trial.</p>","PeriodicalId":8981,"journal":{"name":"BMC Infectious Diseases","volume":"25 1","pages":"871"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12219134/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144538116","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analysis of nosocomial infection characteristics in cancer patients after interventional therapy of 10 years: a retrospective study from 2013 to 2022.","authors":"Zhigang Zheng, Mingmei Du, Hongwu Yao, Yunxi Liu, Yanling Bai","doi":"10.1186/s12879-025-11222-9","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12879-025-11222-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Interventional therapy has been widely used in cancer patients as its advantages of minimally invasive, precise positioning and quick recovery. Nosocomial infections are the most common complication, but there are few reports about it. This study intends to analyze the characteristics of nosocomial infection patients after interventional therapy of the past 10 years, in order to provide guidances for the infection control.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The \"Hospital Infection Real-time Monitoring System\" was used to retrieve case information of patients undergoing intervention therapy from 2013 to 2022, and the general situation of the patients and infected patients was recorded in detail. Statistical software was used to analyze relevant indicators.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>From 2013 to 2022, a total of 12,343 hospitalized patients had 190 hospital infections, with an infection rate of 1.54%. The lowest hospital infection rate was 0.62% in 2022 and the highest was 2.76% in 2017, with a statistically significant difference (χ2 = 40.713, P = 0.000); Over the past 10 years, infection site in the bloodstream ranked first (46.98%), followed by surgical site infection (21.40%). Gram positive bacteria (50.75%) was the mainly pathogenic bacteria, followed by Gram negative bacteria (42.29%). Analysis of infection status shows that patients over 60 years old, undergone multiple (≥6) interventional surgeries, biliary tract pancreatic disease, liver cancer, and those who had undergone PTCD and TACE surgery have a higher infection rate.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The analysis of infection occurrence in patients of interventional therapy in 10 years can reflect the risk factors and high-risk links, which can help to take targeted control measures.</p>","PeriodicalId":8981,"journal":{"name":"BMC Infectious Diseases","volume":"25 1","pages":"829"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12211527/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144538026","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Changes in the epidemic patterns of respiratory pathogens of children in guangzhou, China during the COVID-19 pandemic.","authors":"De-Feng Liang, Wen-Lin Guo, Dan-Ping Zhu, Su-Yun Li, Wei-Dong Zhu, Ying Li, Li Huang, Jun Shen, Pei-Qing Li","doi":"10.1186/s12879-025-11215-8","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12879-025-11215-8","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Objective: &lt;/strong&gt;To investigate the epidemiological characteristics of pediatric respiratory pathogens in Guangzhou, China, from 2018 to 2023 in the context of the COVID-19 Pandemic and to evaluate the impact of non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPIs) on the transmission dynamics and seasonal patterns of respiratory pathogens.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;A retrospective analysis was conducted at Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center between January 2018 and December 2023. Pediatric patients who underwent the respiratory pathogens tests were enrolled in the study and divided into four groups by age: Infant group, Toddler group, Preschool group, and School-age group. The nasopharyngeal swab or bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) samples were collected for real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) test of respiratory pathogens. Ten common respiratory pathogens, including respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), Mycoplasma pneumoniae (MP) and Influenza A virus (FluA), were detected. In addition, the study period was divided into three phases: Pre-COVID-19 (2018-2019), COVID-19 (2020-2022), and Post-COVID-19 (2023). Detection rates, distribution patterns, and seasonal variations of respiratory pathogens were analyzed between different phases and different age groups.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;This study included 317,828 pediatric patients (median age: 3.4 years, IQR: 1.3-6.0), from whom 1,160,764 respiratory pathogen tests were conducted. The overall pathogen detection rate was 8.02% (93,108/1,160,764). The positive rate during the COVID-19 phase (18.44%, 95% CI 14.89-22.00%) was significantly lower than that of the Pre-COVID-19 (27.55%, 95% CI 23.95-31.16%) and Post-COVID-19 (27.15, 95% CI 21.47-32.84%) phases (P &lt; 0.001). No significant difference was observed between Pre-COVID-19 and Post-COVID-19 phases (P = 0.948). Different pathogens exhibited varying levels of suppression and recovery patterns, with some demonstrating altered seasonal patterns. The primary affected age groups shifted from infants and toddlers during the Pre-COVID-19 and COVID-19 phases to preschool and school-age children in the Post-COVID-19 phase. Co-infections were identified in 2,515 cases, with the highest rate observed during the Pre-COVID-19 phase (3.40%), followed by the COVID-19 (2.26%) and Post-COVID-19 (2.46%) phases.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusions: &lt;/strong&gt;NPIs implemented during the early COVID-19 pandemic effectively suppressed the transmission of respiratory pathogens and disrupted their seasonal patterns. However, some pathogens gradually resumed activity during the mid-to-late COVID-19 phase, leading to atypical outbreaks. Following NPI relaxation, multiple pathogens rebounded during the Post-COVID-19 phase, posing significant challenges for the healthcare system. These findings offer valuable insights for guiding public health strategies and optimizing the prevention and control of respiratory infections.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;","PeriodicalId":8981,"journal":{"name":"BMC Infectious Diseases","volume":"25 1","pages":"833"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12210601/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144538066","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Delayed culture conversion predicts poor outcomes for isoniazid mono-resistant TB in Uganda: a retrospective cross-sectional study from 2017- 2022.","authors":"Joel Kabugo, Obondo James Sande, Jupiter Marina Kabahita, Joanita Namutebi, Dennis Mujuni, Hellen Rosette Oundo, Daniel Kisakye, Dorothy Nassozi Batte, Moses Joloba, Gerald Mboowa","doi":"10.1186/s12879-025-11218-5","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12879-025-11218-5","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;Isoniazid-resistant, Rifampicin-susceptible Tuberculosis (TB) is estimated to occur in 13% of new cases and 17% of previously treated cases. Current WHO guidelines recommend treatment with Rifampicin (RFP), ethambutol (EMB, E), pyrazinamide (PZA, Z), and levofloxacin (LFX, Q) for 6 months in patients with isoniazid mono-resistant TB (Hr-TB) but the effectiveness and use of other regimens in managing Hr-TB has not been established. There is a need to pay increased attention to the timely identification of Hr-TB patients to improve treatment success along with the reduction of the risk for further drug resistance development. This study was performed to determine the treatment outcomes and their associated factors among isoniazid mono-resistant TB patients in Uganda.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;This was a cross-sectional study performed among newly diagnosed and retreatment TB patients whose sputum samples were referred to the National TB Reference Laboratory (NTRL)-Uganda from March 2017 to March 2022. Patient samples exhibiting Isoniazid mono-resistance as determined by phenotypic drug resistance testing (DST) were included in this study. Samples with data incompleteness and those whose treatment centers could not be traced were excluded from the study. Selected samples were tested for mutations associated with Isoniazid resistance using line probe. Patient demographic data was obtained from the National TB Reference Laboratory (NTRL) electronic data system and request forms with additional data, such as treatment regimen, adverse effects, and treatment start dates obtained from treatment registers. The independent variables available (age, sex, regimen used, M. tuberculosis mutation genes for isoniazid, specifically InhA and KatG, history of TB, HIV status, and reporting year) were assessed as possible factors in the relationship between Hr-TB and treatment success.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;A total of 85 isoniazid monoresistant isolates from different patients were analyzed in this study. In this study, most of the participants belonged to the category of newly diagnosed 35/85 (41.2%). Most of the participants 36/85, 42.3%) turned culture negative at month one upon initiation of treatment. The findings from this study show that the most dominant Mycobacterium tuberculosis mutation occurred in the KatG MUT1 region with a nucleotide change of S315T1. There was no significant treatment outcome difference among the different age groups in this study when compared (unsuccessful Vs successful treatment, median age 35.4 years and 35.86 years, p = 0.078). However, the study found that most deaths were among people aged above 36 years 71.4%, (5/7 participants).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;This study revealed Isoniazid mono-resistant TB as a significant factor associated with delayed culture conversion of beyond two (2) months. This emphasizes the need for prompt detection using routine point-of-care testi","PeriodicalId":8981,"journal":{"name":"BMC Infectious Diseases","volume":"25 1","pages":"821"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12210759/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144538073","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Drug resistance mutations and phylogenetic analysis of HIV-1 subtypes B and F from mothers and children with vertical transmission.","authors":"Aldicléya Lima Luz, Kledoaldo Lima, Élcio Leal, Fabrício Silva Pessôa, Geovani de Oliveira Ribeiro, Cláudia Regina de Andrade Arrais Rosa, Marcos Davi Gomes de Sousa, Pablo Cantalice Santos Farias, Heloisa Ramos Lacerda","doi":"10.1186/s12879-025-11230-9","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12879-025-11230-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>This study aimed to describe the transmission of drug-resistant HIV-1 variants and phylogenetic characterisation of viral strains in mother-child pairs from the cities of Recife and São Luís, located in the Northeast region of Brazil, in 2007-2022.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study included 15 mother-child pairs with confirmed vertical transmission of HIV-1. The genotyping sequences were provided by the Brazilian Ministry of Health. The analyses included descriptions of antiretroviral resistance mutation profiles of the mothers and children, subtype determination, and phylogenetic analyses.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Seven mother-child pairs exhibited similar mutation profiles, with three showing no mutations and four displaying similar resistance mutations to the nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NRTI) and non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NNRTI) drug classes. Among four pairs, mutation similarities were observed for only one antiretroviral drug class. In the remaining four pairs, distinct mutation profiles were noted, with two children having mutations in two or three drug classes and their mothers exhibiting no or one mutation. Among the eight pairs with tests obtained within the first four years after birth, six of them had very similar mutation profiles. Among the seven pairs with exams obtained five years or more after birth, four pairs presented very different DRAM profiles. Mutations conferring resistance to efavirenz, nevirapine, lamivudine, abacavir, and didanosine were frequently observed in children and mothers. Thirteen pairs (86.6%) were identified as having HIV-1 subtype B, while two (13.3%) were identified as having HIV-1 subtype F1.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Differences in mutation profiles and antiretroviral resistance for NRTI and NNRTI drug classes were observed in half of the mother-child pairs, emphasising the importance of individualised therapeutic strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":8981,"journal":{"name":"BMC Infectious Diseases","volume":"25 1","pages":"811"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12211253/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144538081","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Frequency of pediatric HIV infection among high-risk children admitted to a tertiary care hospital at Sukkur, Sindh, Pakistan.","authors":"Waqar Ahmed, Israr Ahmed, Fareeda Bhanbhro, Asghar Kerio, Arbab Ali, Sajid Ali, Parveen Wassan","doi":"10.1186/s12879-025-11256-z","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12879-025-11256-z","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8981,"journal":{"name":"BMC Infectious Diseases","volume":"25 1","pages":"835"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12210676/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144538105","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Study on the characteristics and influencing factors on non-marital non-commercial heterosexual transmission of HIV/AIDS in Anhui Province, China, 2015-2022.","authors":"Jin Zhang, Ziwei Wang, Yangguang Wang, Yongsheng Ye, Jinling Song, Liping Gong, Seying Dai, Yinguang Fan","doi":"10.1186/s12879-025-11255-0","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12879-025-11255-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>To understand the newly reported prevalence rate and its influencing factors of non-marital non-commercial heterosexual contact (NMNCHC) of persons with HIV from 2015 to 2022, in Anhui Province, China. In order to provide a reference basis of HIV prevention and control for targeted people.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The information of newly reported persons with HIV in Anhui Province from the year 2015 to 2022 was downloaded from the Chinese HIV/AIDS Comprehensive Response Information Management System (CRIMS). Multivariate binary unconditional logistic regression models were conducted to explore the factors influencing HIV infection by NMNCHC.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The newly reported persons with HIV in Anhui Province from 2015 to 2022 totaled 22,841 cases, and the number of persons with HIV who had a history of non-marital heterosexual contact (NMHC) was 10,989 cases. Of these, 4,817 (43.8%) cases had NMNCHC, the share of which increased from 40.75% in 2015 to 48.59% in 2022. Non-marital commercial heterosexual contact (NMCHC) was more common in males (67.1%) while NMNCHC was more common in females (85.6%). Multivariate binary unconditional logistic regression analysis showed that other ethnicity(OR = 0.599, 95% CI: 0.383-0.937), number of sexual partners > 3(OR = 0.153, 95% CI: 0.112-0.209), never had sexually transmitted infections (STIs) (OR = 2.482, 95% CI: 1.606-3.834) were the factors influencing NMNCHC among females; while higher age[30-40 years (OR = 0.675, 95% CI: 0.569-0.801 ), 40-50 years (OR = 0.534, 95% CI: 0.446-0.639), 50-60 years (OR = 0.501, 95% CI: 0.414-0.606), and ≥ 60 years (OR = 0.402, 95% CI: 0.330-0.490)], local residents (OR = 0.649, 95% CI: 0.583-0.723), number of sexual partners > 3 (OR = 0.302, 95% CI: 0.264-0.347), higher education level [middle school: (OR = 1.159, 95% CI: 1.024-1.313); high school or technical secondary school: (OR = 1.371, 95%CI: 1.159-1.623); college degree or above: (OR = 1.719, 95% CI: 1.412-2.093)], never had STIs (OR = 1.327, 95% CI: 1.111-1.586) were the factors influencing NMNCHC among males.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The proportion of newly reported persons with HIV in Anhui Province with a history of NMHC was high, and the proportion of NMNCHC showed an increasing trend year by year. For the female population, special attention should be given to high-risk individuals who have not previously contracted STIs, providing them with relevant sexual education and HIV awareness training. For the male population, focus should be placed on individuals, specifically those with higher education and those who have not previously contracted STIs. Additionally, local HIV prevention and control campaigns and services should be strengthened to enhance residents' awareness of prevention and their self-protection capabilities, thereby reducing the risk of HIV transmission through sexual behavior.</p>","PeriodicalId":8981,"journal":{"name":"BMC Infectious Diseases","volume":"25 1","pages":"841"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12210489/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144538155","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The delivery of new tuberculosis vaccines to people living with HIV - when to vaccinate?","authors":"Tom Sumner, Rebecca A Clark, Tomos O Prys-Jones, Roel Bakker, Gavin Churchyard, Richard G White","doi":"10.1186/s12879-025-11249-y","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12879-025-11249-y","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8981,"journal":{"name":"BMC Infectious Diseases","volume":"25 1","pages":"878"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12217277/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144538158","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}