BMC Infectious Diseases最新文献

{"title":"Factors influencing the third COVID-19 vaccine booster dose acceptance among older adults in northern Thailand.","authors":"Archin Songthap, Kanamas Sesang, Chanikan Ratchaphan, Thanachaporn Luangkhan, Phattaraporn Jenjob","doi":"10.1186/s12879-024-09785-0","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12879-024-09785-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) causes more deaths in older adults than in younger adults. Older adults are a vulnerable group with a high need for coronavirus vaccines to decrease the severity of the disease. The aim of this analytical cross-sectional study was to determine the factors influencing third COVID-19 vaccine booster dose acceptance among older adults in northern Thailand.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The study samples were composed of 2,155 older adults living in Kamphaeng Phet Province, northern Thailand. They were randomly selected by multistage random sampling. Data were collected in a self-administered questionnaire consisting of 7 parts: (1) personal factors, (2) knowledge about COVID-19, (3) perceived susceptibility to COVID-19 infection, (4) perceived severity of COVID-19, (5) perceived benefits of the third COVID-19 vaccine booster dose, (6) perceived barriers to the third COVID-19 vaccine booster dose vaccination, and (7) the third COVID-19 vaccine booster dose acceptance. Data were analyzed via frequency, percentage, mean, standard deviation, and binary logistic regression. All the significance levels were set to 0.05.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The results indicated that only 28.5% of older adults accepted the third COVID-19 vaccine booster dose. The factors influencing third COVID-19 vaccine booster dose acceptance among older adults included 5 variables. The participants aged ≥ 70 years was 1.37 times (95%CI = 1.12-1.69) greater than those aged < 70 years who accepted the vaccine. Participants who were married were more likely to accept the vaccine by 1.39 times (95%CI = 1.09-1.79) compared with single individuals. Those with underlying diseases tended to accept the vaccine by 1.56 times (95%CI = 1.26-1.92) more than those without underlying diseases. Those who had high perceived benefit from the COVID-19 vaccine possibly accepted the vaccine by 1.50 times (95%CI = 1.10-2.04) more than those with low perceived benefit, and those who had a low perceived barrier to the third COVID-19 booster dose vaccination seemed to accept the vaccine by 1.29 times (95%CI = 1.01-1.52) more than those with a high perceived benefit.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Older adults should receive health education regarding the perceived benefit of the COVID-19 vaccine and the perceived barrier to COVID-19 vaccination, especially older adults aged < 70 years, those who are single, and those who are free of underlying diseases.</p>","PeriodicalId":8981,"journal":{"name":"BMC Infectious Diseases","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11367916/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142118933","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"High adsorption capacity of hemoperfusion on imipenem in critically ill patients with septic shock: a case report.","authors":"Chuhui Wang, Chao Li, Ping Yang, Kaixi Liu, Xin Xiong, Yangang Liu, Xiaoxiao Li, Suodi Zhai","doi":"10.1186/s12879-024-09774-3","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12879-024-09774-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Sepsis is a life-threatening organ dysfunction caused by an excessive host response to infection, manifested by elevated levels of inflammatory cytokines. At present, the use of hemoperfusion to remove inflammatory cytokines from the bloodstream has been expanding. Meanwhile, the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics characteristics of antibiotics in critically ill patients may be impacted by hemoperfusion.</p><p><strong>Case presentation: </strong>The patient was a 69-year-old male with poorly controlled type 2 diabetes. When admitted to the ICU, Multiple Organ Dysfunction Syndrome (MODS) appeared within 48 h, and he was suspected of septic shock due to acute granulocytopenia and significantly increased procalcitonin. Broad-spectrum antibiotics imipenem was administered according to Sepsis 3.0 bundle and hemoperfusion lasting 4 h with a neutron-macroporous resin device (HA-380, Jafron, China) five times was conducted to lower the extremely high value of serum inflammatory factors. Blood samples were collected to measure imipenem plasma concentration to investigate the effect of hemoperfusion quantitatively. This study showed that 4 h of hemoperfusion had a good adsorption ability on inflammatory factors and could remove about 75.2% of imipenem.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This case demonstrated the high adsorption capacity of hemoperfusion on imipenem in critically ill patients. It implies a timely imipenem supplement is required, especially before hemoperfusion.</p>","PeriodicalId":8981,"journal":{"name":"BMC Infectious Diseases","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11366162/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142103960","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring the potential mechanisms of Rehmannia glutinosa in treating sepsis based on network pharmacology.","authors":"Hao Wang, Yongchu Laram, Li Hu, Yingchun Hu, Muhu Chen","doi":"10.1186/s12879-024-09796-x","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12879-024-09796-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The present study utilized network pharmacology to identify therapeutic targets and mechanisms of Rehmannia glutinosa in sepsis treatment. RNA-sequencing was conducted on peripheral blood samples collected from 23 sepsis patients and 10 healthy individuals. Subsequently, the RNA sequence data were analyzed for differential expression. Identification of active components and their putative targets was achieved through the HERB and SwissTarget Prediction databases, respectively. Functional enrichment analysis was performed using GO and KEGG pathways. Additionally, protein-protein interaction networks were constructed and survival analysis of key targets was conducted. Single-cell RNA sequencing provided cellular localization data, while molecular docking explored interactions with central targets. Results indicated significant involvement of identified targets in inflammation and Th17 cell differentiation. Survival analysis linked several targets with mortality rates, while molecular docking highlighted potential interactions between active components and specific targets, such as rehmaionoside a with ADAM17 and rehmapicrogenin with CD81. Molecular dynamics simulations confirmed the stability of these interactions, suggesting Rehmannia glutinosa's role in modulating immune functions in sepsis.</p>","PeriodicalId":8981,"journal":{"name":"BMC Infectious Diseases","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11366132/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142103958","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hepatitis B prevalence and risk factors among adults living with HIV in South Africa: a clinic-based cohort study.","authors":"Megana Shivakumar, Caitlin A Moe, Ashley Bardon, Meighan Krows, Sabina Govere, Mahomed Yunus S Moosa, Connie Celum, Paul K Drain","doi":"10.1186/s12879-024-09746-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12879-024-09746-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>People living with HIV (PLHIV) may have concurrent Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) infection, and certain antiretroviral therapies are recommended for HBV-HIV co-infected individuals. Routine screening for Hepatitis B virus may influence management of antiretroviral therapy for PLHIV, but risk factors for co-infection have not been well defined. The objective of this study was to identify risk factors for HBV infection among PLHIV in South Africa.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a cross-sectional analysis of a prospective, clinic-based cohort study of adults seeking HIV testing from 2013-2017 in Umlazi township, South Africa. Patients newly diagnosed with HIV were enrolled and subsequently tested for Hepatitis B surface antigen positive (HBsAg +). We used a Poisson linear regression model to assess which factors, pertaining to sociodemographic status, medical history, clinical symptoms, mental health were associated with HBV.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among 3,105 PLHIV participants in South Africa, 6% were positive for HBV. Males had a higher HBV prevalence (10.4%) than females (5.2%). Within the HBV-positive group, the mean age was 33.2 years, with 38.3% females and 43.9% having completed high school or higher. About 39.9% reported alcohol use, 24.7% had a smoking history, and 8.3% reported substance use in the past year. Older participants born before 1995, when routine infant HBV vaccination was introduced, were more likely to have HBV. In multivariable analyses, smoking history increased HBV risk in females (aPR = 2.58; 95% CI 1.47-2.52), while alcohol use decreased HBV risk in males (aPR = 0.36; 95% CI 0.19-0.70).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In a South African cohort, roughly one in 16 PLHIV had HBV co-infection, and this rate was higher in males. The most prominent risk factors for HBV infection in PLHIV were alcohol use, higher income, and smoking history, which may help inform targeted treatment and prevention strategies. Creating HBV-specific screening and prevention strategies for PLHIV may be useful for reducing HBV infections.</p>","PeriodicalId":8981,"journal":{"name":"BMC Infectious Diseases","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11365233/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142103959","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Realist evaluation of a community-based antiretroviral therapy (CBART) programme for key populations in Benue State in Nigeria.","authors":"Olujuwon Ibiloye, Tom Decroo, Caroline Masquillier, Prosper Okonkwo, Lutgarde Lynen, Plang Jwanle, Josefien van Olmen, Sara van Belle","doi":"10.1186/s12879-024-09808-w","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12879-024-09808-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>World Health Organization recommended community-based ART (CBART) approaches to improve access to antiretroviral treatment (ART) and treatment outcomes among key populations living with (KPLHIV). Key populations (KP) are female sex workers, men who have sex with men, persons who inject drugs, and transgender people. How CBART for KP (KP-CBART) worked and why, for whom and in what circumstances it worked within KP communities or at community sites, are yet to be described. The aim of this study is to describe the different KP-CBART approaches or models in Nigeria, identifying the context conditions and mechanisms that are likely to produce the desired outcomes.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Building on our previous study eliciting an initial programme theory for KP-CBART, we used a multiple case design and cross-case analysis to evaluate 3 KP-CBART approaches, namely: One Stop Shop clinic; community drop-in centre; and outreach venue. Between 2021 and 2023, we conducted a retrospective cohort study, 99 indepth interviews and 5 focused group discussions with various actors. Using realist evaluation, we synthesised context-mechanism-outcome configurations (CMOCs) and developed programme theory for each of the cases and an overall theory.</p><p><strong>Result: </strong>The analysis showed the central importance of decentralizing ART service delivery to a safe place within the community for KPLHIV. The provision of ART in a KP friendly environment triggered a feeling of safety and trust in the healthcare workers among KPLHIV, resulting in KP-CBART acceptance and improved ART uptake, medication adherence and retention on ART. KP community engagement in ART delivery, peer support through support group meetings, and linkages with KP-led organizations improved self-efficacy, fostered solidarity and a sense of belonging among KP. These resources encouraged and motivated clients to engage with the KP-CBART model. However, fear of disclosure of HIV and KP status, and lack of trust between KP groups, demotivated and discouraged KPLHIV from initiating ART and continuing their treatment in KP-CBART.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>To optimise access to ART and treatment outcomes for KPLHIV, policy makers and health practitioners should ensure the provision of a safe place for ART service delivery that can be trusted by the clients and the KP communities.</p>","PeriodicalId":8981,"journal":{"name":"BMC Infectious Diseases","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11366157/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142104020","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"YELLOW RoUTIne prospective cohort study protocol: insight in the dynamics of bacteria in the elderly bladder.","authors":"Ruo Chen Wang, Laura W Van Buul, Suzanne E Geerlings, Sabine C De Greeff, Anja Haenen, Kati Halonen, Daan W Notermans, E Ascelijn Reuland, Martin Smalbrugge, Jos W R Twisk, Caroline Schneeberger","doi":"10.1186/s12879-024-09727-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12879-024-09727-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Asymptomatic bacteriuria (ASB) - the presence of bacteria in urine without urinary tract infection (UTI) related signs & symptoms (S&S) - is common in the elderly bladder and is not considered pathogenic for UTI. We hypothesise that colonisation with non-uropathogenic bacteria could protect the bladder from invasion of more harmful bacteria. The exact role and dynamics of bacteriuria in the relation to the development of a UTI is still unknown. We aim to provide insight into the course of bacteriuria in the elderly bladder and its relation to UTI in frail older adults.</p><p><strong>Methods and analysis: </strong>A prospective observational cohort study is being conducted in Dutch nursing homes (NHs) between February 2024 and December 2025. Urine samples and case report forms (CRF) on UTI-related S&S will be collected from each consenting NH resident every 3 months for a follow-up period of 18 months. Whenever a UTI-suspicion occurs in between the 3 monthly time points, additional data and a urine sample will be collected. Urine samples undergo several urinalyses (e.g. dipstick and bacterial culture). Additional molecular analysis will be conducted on a selection of cultured Escherichia coli (E. coli) for virulence genes. Primary analyses will be conducted between residents with and without ASB at each time point. The primary outcome is UTI incidence during follow-up. In secondary analyses we will also take into account the low versus high presence of virulence genes of the E. coli.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>The combination of high ASB prevalence and a reduced ability of frail older adults to express UTI-related S&S may lead to UTI misdiagnosis and inappropriate antibiotic use. To our knowledge, this is the first study to investigate the dynamics and role of bacteriuria in the elderly bladder and their potential protective effect on the development of UTI. The study findings with comprehensive analysis of epidemiological, clinical and molecular data could set the fundamental base for future guidelines and studies, and contribute to improving prevention, diagnosis and treatment of UTI in frail older adults, in addition to contributing to antibiotic stewardship in NHs.</p>","PeriodicalId":8981,"journal":{"name":"BMC Infectious Diseases","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11363575/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142104024","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Modelling the long-term health impact of COVID-19 using Graphical Chain Models brief heading: long COVID prediction by graphical chain models.","authors":"K Gourgoura, P Rivadeneyra, E Stanghellini, C Caroni, F Bartolucci, R Curcio, S Bartoli, R Ferranti, I Folletti, M Cavallo, L Sanesi, I Dominioni, E Santoni, G Morgana, M B Pasticci, G Pucci, G Vaudo","doi":"10.1186/s12879-024-09777-0","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12879-024-09777-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Long-term sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 infection, namely long COVID syndrome, affect about 10% of severe COVID-19 survivors. This condition includes several physical symptoms and objective measures of organ dysfunction resulting from a complex interaction between individual predisposing factors and the acute manifestation of disease. We aimed at describing the complexity of the relationship between long COVID symptoms and their predictors in a population of survivors of hospitalization for severe COVID-19-related pneumonia using a Graphical Chain Model (GCM).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>96 patients with severe COVID-19 hospitalized in a non-intensive ward at the \"Santa Maria\" University Hospital, Terni, Italy, were followed up at 3-6 months. Data regarding present and previous clinical status, drug treatment, findings recorded during the in-hospital phase, presence of symptoms and signs of organ damage at follow-up were collected. Static and dynamic cardiac and respiratory parameters were evaluated by resting pulmonary function test, echocardiography, high-resolution chest tomography (HRCT) and cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Twelve clinically most relevant factors were identified and partitioned into four ordered blocks in the GCM: block 1 - gender, smoking, age and body mass index (BMI); block 2 - admission to the intensive care unit (ICU) and length of follow-up in days; block 3 - peak oxygen consumption (VO₂), forced expiratory volume at first second (FEV₁), D-dimer levels, depression score and presence of fatigue; block 4 - HRCT pathological findings. Higher BMI and smoking had a significant impact on the probability of a patient's admission to ICU. VO₂ showed dependency on length of follow-up. FEV₁ was related to the self-assessed indicator of fatigue, and, in turn, fatigue was significantly associated with the depression score. Notably, neither fatigue nor depression depended on variables in block 2, including length of follow-up.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The biological plausibility of the relationships between variables demonstrated by the GCM validates the efficacy of this approach as a valuable statistical tool for elucidating structural features, such as conditional dependencies and associations. This promising method holds potential for exploring the long-term health repercussions of COVID-19 by identifying predictive factors and establishing suitable therapeutic strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":8981,"journal":{"name":"BMC Infectious Diseases","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11360819/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142103963","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Predictors of the presence of radiological abnormalities 6 months after severe COVID-19 pneumonia.","authors":"Celia Roig-Martí, Ignacio Pérez-Catalán, María Varea-Villanueva, Sofía Folgado-Escudero, Antonio Navarro-Ballester, María Pilar Fernández-García, Ana Segura-Fábrega, Germán Herrero-Rodríguez, Elena Domínguez-Bajo, Sergio Fabra-Juana, María-José Esteve-Gimeno, María-Lidón Mateu-Campos, Jorge Usó-Blasco, José-Manuel Ramos-Rincón","doi":"10.1186/s12879-024-09767-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12879-024-09767-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia can cause significant long-term radiological changes, even resembling pulmonary fibrosis. However, the risk factors for these long-term effects are unknown. This study aims to assess radiological abnormalities and their possible risk factors six months after hospital discharge due to COVID-19 pneumonia.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>This cross-sectional study in a tertiary hospital included adults admitted for COVID-19 pneumonia from March 2020 to February 2021, who underwent high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) scans of the chest six months after hospital discharge. The primary outcome was radiological abnormalities on HRCT, while the main explanatory variables were drawn from the patient's medical history along with the disease course, analytical indicators, and the treatment received during admission.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The 189 included patients had a mean age of 61.5 years; 70.9% were male, and hypertension was the main comorbidity (45%). About two-thirds (67.2%) presented acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Most (97.9%) received systemic corticosteroid therapy, and 81% presented pathological findings on HRCT, most commonly ground glass (63.5%), followed by bronchial dilatation (36%) and subpleural bands (25.4%). The multivariable analysis showed that age was the main risk factor, associated with most radiological changes. Other factors were the duration of corticosteroid therapy for ground glass (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 1.020) as well as a longer stay in the intensive care unit (ICU) (aOR 1.290) and high levels of IL-6 for bronchial dilation (aOR 1.002).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Radiological involvement of the lungs six months after COVID-19 pneumonia is frequent, especially ground glass. Elderly patients with prolonged ICU admission and a significant inflammatory response measured by IL-6 are more likely to present worse radiological evolution and are candidates for radiological follow-up after COVID-19 pneumonia.</p>","PeriodicalId":8981,"journal":{"name":"BMC Infectious Diseases","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11360858/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142103964","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cardiac tamponade in people living with HIV: a systematic review of case reports and case series.","authors":"Amirreza Keyvanfar, Hanieh Najafiarab, Sepehr Ramezani, Shabnam Tehrani","doi":"10.1186/s12879-024-09773-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12879-024-09773-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Cardiac tamponade is a life-threatening condition requiring prompt diagnosis and therapeutic intervention. Diagnosis and management of cardiac tamponade in patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection pose a major challenge for clinicians. This study aimed to investigate clinical characteristics, paraclinical findings, therapeutic options, patient outcomes, and etiologies of cardiac tamponade in people living with HIV.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Pubmed, Embase, Scopus, and Web of Science databases were systematically searched for case reports or case series reporting HIV-infected patients with cardiac tamponade up to February 29, 2024. Baseline characteristics, clinical manifestations, paraclinical findings, therapeutic options, patient outcomes, and etiologies of cardiac tamponade were independently extracted by two reviewers.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 37 articles reporting 40 HIV-positive patients with cardiac tamponade were included. These patients mainly experienced dyspnea, fever, chest pain, and cough. They were mostly presented with abnormal vital signs, such as tachypnea, tachycardia, fever, and hypotension. Physical examination predominantly revealed elevated Jugular venous pressure (JVP), muffled heart sounds, and palsus paradoxus. Echocardiography mostly indicated pericardial effusion, right ventricular collapse, and right atrial collapse. Most patients underwent pericardiocentesis, while others underwent thoracotomy, pericardiotomy, and pericardiostomy. Furthermore, infections and malignancies were the most common etiologies of cardiac tamponade in HIV-positive patients, respectively. Eventually, 80.55% of the patients survived, while the rest expired.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Infections and malignancies are the most common causes of cardiac tamponade in HIV-positive patients. If these patients demonstrate clinical manifestations of cardiac tamponade, clinicians should conduct echocardiography to diagnose it promptly. They should also undergo pericardial fluid drainage and receive additional therapy, depending on the etiology, to reduce the mortality rate.</p>","PeriodicalId":8981,"journal":{"name":"BMC Infectious Diseases","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11360758/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142103944","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analysis of the epidemic characteristics of common respiratory pathogens infection in children in a 3A special hospital.","authors":"Pingping Wang, Zhanjun Zhang, Kenan Fang, Jin Yao, Xiaorong Huang, Shouting Lu","doi":"10.1186/s12879-024-09784-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12879-024-09784-1","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Objective: &lt;/strong&gt;To analyze the epidemic characteristics of common respiratory tract infection pathogens in children with respiratory tract infection, and provide scientific basis for the prevention and control of respiratory tract infection.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;A retrospective collection of clinical data was conducted on 11,538 children with respiratory tract infections at Luoyang Maternal and Child Health Hospital from December 2022 to November 2023. The types of respiratory tract infections, including upper and lower respiratory tract infections, as well as five respiratory pathogens: influenza A virus (influenza A), influenza B virus (influenza B virus, adenovirus (ADV), respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), and Mycoplasma pneumoniae (MP) infections, were analyzed and compared for different genders, ages, temperatures, and air quality in different months; And the changes of five pathogens in children with respiratory tract infections of different disease severity.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;From December 2022 to November 2023, a total of 11,538 children with respiratory infections were included in the analysis, including 6436 males and 5102 females, with an age of 4.92 ± 2.03 years. The proportion of upper respiratory tract infections is as high as 72.17%, and lower respiratory tract infections account for 27.83%. Among them, 2387 were positive for Flu A antigen, with a positive rate of 20.69%, 51 cases were positive for Flu B antigen, and the positive rate was 0.4%, 1296 cases were positive for adv antigen, with a positive rate of 11.23%, 868 cases were positive for RSV antigen, with a positive rate of 7.52%, 2481 cases were positive for MP IgM antibody or MP antigen, and the positive rate was 21.50%. Flu B in male children The infection rate of ADV and MP was higher than that of female children (p &lt; 0.05); Among children in different age groups, the older the age, the older the Flu A The higher the infection rate of MP (p &lt; 0.05), the higher the positive rate of RSV in children with younger age (p &lt; 0.05). The positive rate of ADV in children aged 3-6 years and &gt; 6 years was higher than that in children aged 0-3 years (p &lt; 0.05); Flu A and MP are popular throughout the year, and the positive rate peaks during the period of temperature rise and air quality decline from February to March, and during the period of temperature drop and air quality index rise from August to November, The positive rate of RSV peaked after the turning point of temperature rise from March to April. The infection rate was higher during the period of sharp decline in air quality from March to May and sharp decline in temperature in November, The positive rate of ADV was higher at the turning point of temperature rise from February to March, and then the infection rate decreased. During the period of sharp temperature drop from August to November, the positive rate increased sharply, and the peak of infection occurred; As the disease worsen","PeriodicalId":8981,"journal":{"name":"BMC Infectious Diseases","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11360472/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142103943","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}