Journal of biomedical graphics and computing最新文献

{"title":"A Bayesian framework for the extraction of input function for 18F-FDG metabolism study for both healthy and infarcted rats' hearts","authors":"R. Mabrouk, F. Dubeau, L. Bentabet","doi":"10.5430/JBGC.V3N4P8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5430/JBGC.V3N4P8","url":null,"abstract":"The quantitative analysis of tracers in positron emission tomography (PET) studies requires the measurement uptake and retention of tracer in tissue over time. This analysis applied to the heart allows to diagnose its state. It could provide a means to identify areas of myocardial viability and to assess myocardial ischemia. However, the input function (IF), quite commonly used in quantitative analysis, can be corrupted by undesirable effects such as spillover. In this paper, we propose a new approach to correct the cross contamination effect on PET dynamic image sequences. It is based on the decomposition of image pixel intensity into blood and tissue components using Bayesian statistics. The method uses an a priori knowledge of the probable distribution of blood and tissue in the images. Likelihood measures are computed by a General Gaussian Distribution (GGD) model. Bayes’ rule is then applied to compute weights that account for the concentrations of the radiotracer in blood and tissue and their relative contributions in each image pixel. We tested the method on a set of dynamic cardiac FDG-PET of healthy and unhealthy rats. The results show the benefit of our correction on the generation of pixel-wise images of myocardial metabolic rates for glucose (MMRG).","PeriodicalId":89580,"journal":{"name":"Journal of biomedical graphics and computing","volume":"3 1","pages":"8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.5430/JBGC.V3N4P8","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71214514","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Small hepatocellular carcinoma keeping hypodense during dual phase helical CT scan and correlative pathology","authors":"Jingxian Shen, Fei Gao, J. Zhao, Yun-xian Mo, Peihong Wu","doi":"10.5430/JBGC.V3N4P1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5430/JBGC.V3N4P1","url":null,"abstract":"Rationale and Objectives: To evaluate the dual-phase helical computed tomography (CT) appearance of small hepato- cellular carcinoma (SHCC) with hypodense and to evaluate its correlation with pathology. Materials and Methods: The helical CT dual-phase appearance of 33 lesions with keeping hypodense was retrospectively analyzed, all lesions were confirmed as SHCC by histopathology. CT appearance included border, inner density. Results: In 33 lesions, which were confirmed as SHCC by pathology, keeping hypodense during hepatic arterial phase and portal venous phase, 19 lesions are ill-defined borders and 14 lesions are well-defined borders, 22 lesions show homogenous hypodense and 11 lesions show heterogeneous hypodense in non-enhancing CT scan; however, only 9 lesions are ill-defined borders and the other 24 lesions are well-defined borders with slightly irregular contours, only 9 lesions show homogenous hypodense and the other 24 lesions show heterogenous hypodense with flecks of more hypodense in enhancing CT scan. Conclusion: SHCC with hypodense prefers to have a well-defined border with slightly irregular contour, and flecks of more hypodense in the lesion in dual-phase enhancing helical CT scan.","PeriodicalId":89580,"journal":{"name":"Journal of biomedical graphics and computing","volume":"3 1","pages":"1"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.5430/JBGC.V3N4P1","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71214436","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Inflammation and the absence of edema in the abdominal aortic aneurysm as determined by T2-weighted cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging","authors":"J. Budtz-Lilly, A. Mikkelsen, S. Thrysøe, W. Paaske, W. Y. Kim","doi":"10.5430/JBGC.V3N3P68","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5430/JBGC.V3N3P68","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: The non-specific abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is a local manifestation of a systemic disease, in which inflammation may play a role. This cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) study utilizes a water-sensitive, T2- weighted, short tau inversion recovery sequence (T2-STIR) to identify vessel wall edema as a marker for inflammation. Methods: Twenty-two patients were included: 10 AAA patients, 10 healthy subjects, and two patients with known inflammation. MR T2-STIR images of aorta vessel wall and intraluminal thrombi were analyzed using OSIRIX software.  Signal intensity values were normalized, and values from blinded and independent viewers were then averaged and analyzed using SPSS statistical software. The Kruskal-Wallis H test was used with post hoc analysis for differences of significance. Results: Average AAA anterior-posterior diameter was 5.9 ± 0.6cm (range, 5.3-7.0cm). The Kruskal-Wallis H test revealed a significant difference between independent samples (H(3) = 20.36, P < .001). There was no significant difference in average intensities between AAA and healthy subjects ( P = .766). Conclusion: This is the first study to examine edema in walls and thrombi of AAAs using T2-STIR imaging. No evidence of edema was identified in the aortic aneurysm wall, suggesting a lack of inflammatory activity.","PeriodicalId":89580,"journal":{"name":"Journal of biomedical graphics and computing","volume":"3 1","pages":"68"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.5430/JBGC.V3N3P68","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71214751","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of adding distal forearm DXA to hip and spine measurements on DXA report","authors":"M. Zaman, Nosheen Fatima, Z. Sajjad, Zohra Pirwani","doi":"10.5430/JBGC.V3N3P63","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5430/JBGC.V3N3P63","url":null,"abstract":"Dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) is the gold standard modality for non-invasive diagnosis of osteoporosis but controversy exists about the optimal site (s) for bone mineral density (BMD) measurement. The objective was to find out impact of adding distal forearm BMD to hip and spine measurements on final diagnosis of a DXA study. This prospective study recruited 279 consecutive patients [female 256 (92%); male 23 (8%)] with a mean age of 63.25 ± 10.62 years from April 2011 to April 2012. The BMD was measured over hip (total hip and femoral neck), spine and distal forearm in all patients. Based on T-Score values of hip and spine (2 sites), diagnosis was normal in 34%, low bone mass in 40% and osteoporosis in 26% patients. However, adding distal forearm BMD and T-score (3 sites), diagnosis was normal in 28%, low bone mass in 37% and osteoporosis in 35%. Therefore, distal forearm BMD has upstaged the diagnosis from normal to low bone mass in 14%, from normal to osteoporosis in 2% and from low bone mass to osteoporosis in 18% patients. We conclude that combining distal forearm BMD with spine and hip can identify more patients with low bone mass or osteoporosis.","PeriodicalId":89580,"journal":{"name":"Journal of biomedical graphics and computing","volume":"3 1","pages":"63"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.5430/JBGC.V3N3P63","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71214735","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tissue composite graft lacking sinuses may well prone to develop endocarditis post aortic root replacement: An untested hypothesis","authors":"M. Elahi, D. Ho, K. Zehr","doi":"10.5430/JBGC.V3N3P49","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5430/JBGC.V3N3P49","url":null,"abstract":"A 72 year-old female with acute prosthetic aortic root endocarditis and systolic congestive heart failure underwent a homograft revision within 6-months. Initially she underwent root replacement with a straight composite graft for a severely stenotic aortic valve and root dilatation. Over a 6-month period, she developed a progressively audible holosystolic murmur. Echocardiography demonstrated a vibrating stuttering of the prosthetic valve cusps on M-mode. This was exaggerated with aortic root endocarditis vegetations on cusps. We hypothesize that this repetitive severe turbulent flow related to a Venturi effect damaged the straight tube graft-aortic root and prosthetic valve cusps in our case.","PeriodicalId":89580,"journal":{"name":"Journal of biomedical graphics and computing","volume":"3 1","pages":"49"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.5430/JBGC.V3N3P49","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71214800","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"White Matter Hyperintensities on 1.5 and 3 Tesla Brain MRI in Healthy Individuals","authors":"C. Perri, M. Dwyer, N. Bergsland, C. Schirda, G. Poloni, D. Wack, J. L. Cox, Turi O. Dalaker, Laura Ranza, R. Zivadinov, Erik Saluste, S. Hussein, S. Bastianello","doi":"10.5430/JBGC.V3N3P53","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5430/JBGC.V3N3P53","url":null,"abstract":"Background : White matter hyperintensities (WMH) on T2-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) are frequent incidental findings in brains of asymptomatic healthy individuals (HI). The morphological and spatial distribution of these WMH between standard 1.5T scanners and increasingly available 3T scanners in a large population of HI in clinical routine settings has not been investigated. Objectives: To investigate the effect of changing from a 1.5T to a 3T MRI scanner on the number, volume and spatial distribution of WMH on brain MRI in a population of clinically HI. Materials and Methods: Fifty-three (53) HI were examined using T2 weighted sequences on both 1.5T and 3T within one week in a random order. The WMH were outlined semi-automatically by two blinded operators. Number and volume of WMH were calculated. Spatial lesion distribution was assessed using WMH probability maps (WMHPM). Paired-wise analysis examined the proportion of WMH not found on 1.5T and/or 3T. A posteriori unblinded analysis was conducted to examine the non-overlapping identifications of WMH between the 1.5T and 3T. Results : For paired-wise WMH analysis, 3T showed significantly higher WMH number and individual volume compared to 1.5 T ( p <0.001). Logistic regression analysis showed that likelihood of missing WMH on 1.5T was significantly higher for smaller WMH. WMHPM revealed spatial WMH differences on 3T compared to 1.5T, with WMH more pronounced in the occipital regions with higher field strength. Conclusion: This study showed that use of higher magnetic field strength identified more WMH in healthy subjects with respect to both morphological and spatial characteristics. These WMH do not necessarily represent pathology; however, these findings should be taken into account in lesion segmentation on a 3T MRI and might suggest the use of universally accepted guidelines for lesions’ segmentation on higher magnetic field, especially when it is executed by different operators and/or centers.","PeriodicalId":89580,"journal":{"name":"Journal of biomedical graphics and computing","volume":"3 1","pages":"53"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.5430/JBGC.V3N3P53","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71214686","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Atherosclerotic plaque characterization by NMR spectroscopy","authors":"S. R. Rabbani, E. D. Silva, A. Bloise, Mauro M. Hanaoka, E. Azevêdo, T. Bonagamba","doi":"10.5430/JBGC.V3N3P41","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5430/JBGC.V3N3P41","url":null,"abstract":"Background: High resolution Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy (MRS) in vitro was used to investigate the correlation between the chemical composition of atheromatous plaques and their stability (vulnerability to rupture) which is of fundamental importance and is a rather controversial point in literature. Methods: In this study five tissues were collected from ex vivo human abdominal aortas and divided in three groups according to their atherosclerotic lesion using the American Heart Association Committee on Vascular Lesions. Due to the semi-solid nature of the plaques, Magic Angle Spinning (MAS) and heteronuclear Decoupling (DEC) were used to acquire six 13 C spectra with appreciable high resolution for five samples and the solvent. The 1 H high resolution spectra also were obtained for the same samples. Results: The most common fatty acids present in the samples were identified and also the relative amounts of polyunsaturated (PUFA), unsaturated (UFA) and saturated fatty acids associated with the progress of the deterioration process of atheromatous plaques. Conclusions: NMR results show that the lipidic composition of atheromatous plaque evolves from a state with high levels of PUFA and UFA for a subject with lower classification to a new state containing, 6 and 4 times less unsaturated fatty acids respectively than those subjects with more stenotic lesions. In addition, average rate of conversion of PUFA to UFA is approximately two times higher in more stenotic lesions. These results suggest that the lipidic components of atheromatous plaque can be related to its vulnerability to rupture, which clearly demonstrate the importance of the method to study this disease.","PeriodicalId":89580,"journal":{"name":"Journal of biomedical graphics and computing","volume":"3 1","pages":"41-48"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.5430/JBGC.V3N3P41","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71214228","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Solving the over segmentation problem in applications of Watershed Transform","authors":"M. A. Gonzalez, G. Meschino, V. Ballarin","doi":"10.5430/JBGC.V3N3P29","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5430/JBGC.V3N3P29","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The Watershed Transform consists of an image partitioning into its constitutive regions. This transform is easily adapted to be used in different types of images and it allows distinguishing complex objects. However, the implementation of the Watershed Transform for very complex images actually produces over-segmentation. In this paper we propose two algorithms to solve this over-segmentation problem. Methods: We define internal markers, by algorithms based on clustering and fuzzy logic in order to join the over- segmented regions with statistical features. To define the algorithm parameters and evaluate their performance, errors against images segmented manually were measured and ROC curves were determined. Results: The results show that the proposed methods self-adapt to the different image objects characteristics. An improvement of the accuracy is obtained. Conclusions: This analysis will contribute in images segmentation where complexity of the objects is high.","PeriodicalId":89580,"journal":{"name":"Journal of biomedical graphics and computing","volume":"3 1","pages":"29"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.5430/JBGC.V3N3P29","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71214343","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The recovery from dilated cardiomyopathy followed by hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, in the course of deficiency of long-chain 3-hydroxyacyl- coenzyme A dehydrogenase in infant","authors":"J. Kwiatkowska, Julita Świtońska, J. Wierzba","doi":"10.5430/JBGC.V3N3P26","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5430/JBGC.V3N3P26","url":null,"abstract":"Dilated cardiomyopathy is one of the most common causes of the heart failure in childhood and can develop as a consequence of metabolic disorders such as fatty acid beta-oxidation disorders or amino acids metabolism disorders. In our report we present a case where in the course of deficiency of long-chain 3-hydroxyacyl-coenzyme A dehydrogenase the recovery from dilated cardiomyopathy resulted in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy.","PeriodicalId":89580,"journal":{"name":"Journal of biomedical graphics and computing","volume":"3 1","pages":"26"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.5430/JBGC.V3N3P26","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71214095","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diffusion-weighted MR imaging: The importance of ADC and perfusion values in differential-diagnosis of pancreatic adenocarcinoma and mass forming pancreatitis","authors":"T. Puskás, Imre Henits","doi":"10.5430/JBGC.V3N3P19","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5430/JBGC.V3N3P19","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: Despite the increasing diagnostic accuracy of cross sectional imaging modalities, the correct differentiation between pancreatic adenocarcinoma and mass forming pancreatitis has been remained a challenge. The aim of the authors is based on their two and a half year experience the assessment of diffusion-weighted MR imaging in the diagnosis and discernment of pancreatic adenocarcinoma and mass forming pancreatitis. Materials and methods: Three b-values diffusion-weighted MR examinations were performed at 19 patients suffering from adenocarcinoma and 8 from pancreatitis. 12 healthy patients were examined as reference. ADC and perfusion values were calculated. Malignancy was verified by pathology in all cases. Inflammatory disease was diagnosed by the previous medical history, the changing of laboratory data, follow-up CT examinations and improvement of patients’ conditions. Results: Comparison the ADC and perfusion values significant differences were between the healthy and the inflamma- tory or tumor affected tissues. The highest values could be measured at normal pancreas, mass forming pancreatitis had diminished ADC and perfusion, and tumor’s values were the lowest. Conclusion: In agreement with literature data, the authors conclude that DWI MR is a promising differential-diagnostic imaging tool in distinction of circumscribed pancreatic lesions.","PeriodicalId":89580,"journal":{"name":"Journal of biomedical graphics and computing","volume":"3 1","pages":"19"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71214043","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}