Bioresource Technology Reports最新文献

{"title":"Mitigate microbial contamination and fuel degradation in marine diesel B20: Evidence from multi-analytical and metagenomic approaches","authors":"Tárcio Carneiro,&nbsp;Gabriel Fernandes dos Santos,&nbsp;Ana Carolina de Lima Barizão,&nbsp;Lenilson Eustáquio de Souza Junior,&nbsp;Larissa Bernardino Moro,&nbsp;Júlio Álvaro dos Santos,&nbsp;Mateus Souza Alvarenga,&nbsp;Bruno Quirino Araujo,&nbsp;Daniel Cruz Cavalieri,&nbsp;Servio Túlio Alves Cassini,&nbsp;Jairo Pinto de Oliveira","doi":"10.1016/j.biteb.2026.102826","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.biteb.2026.102826","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The expanded allowance of fatty acid methyl esters (FAME) in marine fuels under ISO 8217:2024 increases vulnerability to oxidative degradation and microbial contamination during storage. This study evaluates the multifunctional role of ascorbic acid (AA), benzoic acid (BA), and tert-butylhydroquinone (TBHQ) in enhancing chemical stability and suppressing microbial activity in marine B20 diesel during a 60-day storage simulation. After antimicrobial screening at 1000 mg L⁻¹, selected antioxidants were investigated in biphasic oil-water microcosms inoculated with a fuel-derived microbial consortium. Microbial activity was quantified through adenosine triphosphate (ATP), lipase activity, and dry biomass, while fuel stability was assessed using gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS) compositional ratios, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) coupled with Uniform Manifold Approximation and Projection (UMAP), and standard physicochemical parameters. ATP levels decreased by 87% with TBHQ, 73% with AA, and 64% with BA after 30 days relative to the untreated control. Lipase activity declined from 9.91 U mL⁻¹ in the control to 4.30, 3.86, and 2.92 U mL⁻¹ for TBHQ, AA, and BA, respectively. After 60 days, biomass accumulation decreased from 211 ± 21 mg in the control to 106 ± 18 mg with TBHQ and 143 ± 34 mg with AA. GC–MS analysis showed preservation of unsaturated FAME fractions. Treated fuels also maintained lower acidity, viscosity, and water content. These results demonstrate that antioxidant addition, particularly TBHQ, simultaneously enhances oxidative stability and inhibits microbial proliferation, supporting its application as a multifunctional stabilizing additive for high FAME marine fuel systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8947,"journal":{"name":"Bioresource Technology Reports","volume":"34 ","pages":"Article 102826"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148476919","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Kinetic modeling and stability enhancement of laccase from Trametes sanguinea IIP-32 for sustainable xenobiotic degradation","authors":"Raja Singh Rawal,&nbsp;Diksha Rana,&nbsp;Deepshikha Pandey,&nbsp;Sunil Kumar Suman","doi":"10.1016/j.biteb.2026.102816","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.biteb.2026.102816","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Chlorophenols are recalcitrant xenobiotics classified as priority pollutants due to their high toxicity and environmental persistence. This study evaluates an integrated bioprocess framework for the production, characterization, and application of laccase (TsLac) from <em>Trametes sanguinea</em> IIP-32. Fungal growth, substrate utilization, and TsLac production were mathematically modeled to determine key kinetic parameters. Biomass kinetics followed a logistic growth model (X_max = 6.14 g L⁻¹, μ_max = 1.1 d⁻¹), while the Luedeking-Piret model confirmed that TsLac production is predominantly non-growth-associated. The TsLac demonstrated high thermal stability with a half-life of 32 h at 50 °C, which was extended to 37 h and 46 h using PEG-4000 and glycerol, respectively. The TsLac exhibited substantial biochemical robustness, retaining activity across diverse metal ions, inhibitors, and organic solvents. Sorbitol and sucrose supplementation provided superior lyoprotection during lyophilization. TsLac treatment of 2-chlorophenol (2-CP, 1500 mg L⁻¹) achieved a maximum degradation efficiency of 77%. In untreated (UT) 2-CP, seed germination was completely inhibited; however, treated samples restored seed germination to 100% in <em>Phaseolus mungo, Cyamopsis tetragonoloba</em>, and <em>Sorghum vulgare.</em> Furthermore, TsLac treatment enabled root growth recovery of 17–22% in monocots and 21–62% in dicots relative to water control lengths, indicating recovery from the absolute inhibition of UT samples. These results confirm partial detoxification, as residual metabolites continue to exert physiological stress on seedling development. This study highlights TsLac potential for phenolic effluents treatment while emphasizing the ecological assessments to evaluate the transition from acute toxicity to environmental biocompatibility.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8947,"journal":{"name":"Bioresource Technology Reports","volume":"34 ","pages":"Article 102816"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148476992","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Decoupling substrate accessibility and intrinsic hydrolysis kinetics in primary sludge digestion: implications for anaerobic digestion performance and design under thermal pre-treatment","authors":"Aaron Mwidu,&nbsp;Nhlanhla Hlongwa,&nbsp;David Ikumi,&nbsp;Theo Harding","doi":"10.1016/j.biteb.2026.102836","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.biteb.2026.102836","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Thermal hydrolysis pre-treatment (THP) improves sludge biodegradability and anaerobic digestion performance, yet its effects on calibrated hydrolysis kinetics remain poorly understood, leading to uncertainty in process design and model-based prediction. This study evaluated the effects of mild THP (114 °C, 1.7 bar) on primary sludge anaerobic digestion using two 25 L mesophilic continuous stirred-tank reactors (CSTRs) at sludge retention times (SRTs) of 8–30 days, modelled with the steady-state Contois kinetic framework of Sötemann et al., calibrated to methane production. Mild THP improved chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal from 54% to 62% at 30-day SRT and reduced the unbiodegradable particulate fraction (<em>f'</em>_{<em>PS, up</em>}) from 0.35 to 0.22. Model calibration indicated kinetic decoupling: <em>K</em>_S decreased by 63% (from 2.61 to 0.97 g COD L⁻¹), while <em>K</em>_M remained within the calibration uncertainty (−7.6%). These model-derived findings are consistent with enhanced substrate accessibility as the primary mechanism, rather than a change in intrinsic hydrolytic capacity, though microbial community and biochemical characterisation were not performed, and this interpretation remains model-based. Mild THP is demonstrated as a practically viable process intensification strategy for resource-limited facilities, delivering improved COD removal and biogas yield within standard reactor volumes and at substantially lower thermal severity than conventional systems. A minimum operational SRT of 10–12 days is recommended.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8947,"journal":{"name":"Bioresource Technology Reports","volume":"34 ","pages":"Article 102836"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148476994","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessments of water and energy consumption metrics in corn-based bioethanol process with Very High Gravity (VHG) fermentation","authors":"Hillarus Gohoho,&nbsp;Aida Rashidi,&nbsp;Bruce Dvorak,&nbsp;Yaşar Demirel","doi":"10.1016/j.biteb.2026.102762","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.biteb.2026.102762","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Corn ethanol is characterized by energy, water, and emissions and poses considerable operational and environmental challenges. This study is for establishing and assessing the metrics of water and energy as well as the emissions in the bioethanol processes with conventional and very high gravity (VHG) fermentations. Using a holistic approach, sensitivity, energy, and pinch analyses, and column targeting tools (CTT) of the Aspen Plus are used in various scenarios compatible with industry benchmark data. Sensitivity analyses are used to assess the impacts of water flowrate and grain inputs on the energy use and emissions per unit of ethanol, energy return on investment, and carbon intensity. CTT is used to assess energy efficiency through the column grand composite curves and exergy loss profiles. The pinch analysis is used for the best-case heat exchanger network system for heat integration. The results show that cutting process water from 70 to 50 gal/min increases ethanol production by 15%, reduces the emissions by 25%, and the heat usage in evaporators by 33% in VHG fermentation. The results provide metrics and methodology for sustainable bioethanol production.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8947,"journal":{"name":"Bioresource Technology Reports","volume":"34 ","pages":"Article 102762"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148477001","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"KOH pretreatment enhances methane production from poultry slaughterhouse sludge compared to NaOH","authors":"Felippe Martins Damaceno,&nbsp;Jhenifer Aline Bastos,&nbsp;João Henrique Lima Alino,&nbsp;Tarcio Rocha Lopes,&nbsp;Mônica Sarolli Silva de Mendonça Costa,&nbsp;Thiago Edwiges","doi":"10.1016/j.biteb.2026.102742","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.biteb.2026.102742","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study evaluated the effects of alkaline pretreatments with NaOH and KOH on the anaerobic digestion of poultry slaughterhouse flotation sludge (PSFS), a protein- and lipid-rich residue with low biodegradability. The pretreatments were tested at five concentrations (0.02–0.50 g g⁻¹ VS substrate) under mesophilic batch conditions at 37 °C. KOH demonstrated superior performance, enhancing sludge solubilization, reducing lipid content, and accelerating the onset of biogas production compared to NaOH. The highest methane yield (573.5 mL N g⁻¹ VS) was obtained with 0.50 g KOH g⁻¹ VS, representing a 53.2% increase over the untreated control. Additionally, methane content reached 82.2%, and organic matter removal improved significantly. Although higher concentrations delayed the onset of biogas production, these treatments enhanced energy recovery and may add agronomic value to the digestate. The findings highlight the potential of KOH pretreatment as a promising strategy to improve biogas production from agro-industrial protein- and lipid-rich waste, thereby supporting circular economy initiatives in the poultry sector.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8947,"journal":{"name":"Bioresource Technology Reports","volume":"34 ","pages":"Article 102742"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148477079","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Revealing Pesticide-Adapted Soil Microbiome through Shotgun Metagenomics","authors":"Srishti Sinha Ray,&nbsp;Nishu Goyal,&nbsp;Abhishek Gupta,&nbsp;Sanjay Swarup,&nbsp;Durga Madhab Mahapatra","doi":"10.1016/j.biteb.2026.102737","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.biteb.2026.102737","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Escalating pesticide use in agriculture has triggered global concern due to its persistence, ecological toxicity and adverse human health impacts. The Tarai plains of Uttarakhand, India is an intensively cultivated region with excessive agrochemical application, that has degraded soil fertility. Soil microbial communities serve as a critical ecological buffer, exploiting metabolic versatility to degrade pesticides; however, their functional and taxonomic organization under pesticide stress remains poorly understood. This study employed shotgun metagenomic sequencing coupled with soil physicochemical profiling to characterize microbial diversity and functional potential in pesticide-contaminated versus uncontaminated agricultural soils. Taxonomic analysis revealed significant enrichment of few taxa, notably <em>Pseudomonas mandelii</em>, <em>Bacillus</em> sp., <em>Arthrobacter</em> sp., and the archaeon <em>Methanosarcina mazei</em>, indicating selective pressures shaping community structure. Functional annotation revealed elevated abundance of key xenobiotic-degrading enzymes, including benzoate-CoA ligase, benzoyl-CoA-dihydrodiol lyase, and 4-nitrophenol 2-monooxygenase, indicative of aromatic compound breakdown and detoxification pathways. Furthermore, fourteen high-quality metagenome-assembled genomes (MAGs) (11 bacterial and 3 archaeal) were reconstructed, harboring gene clusters associated with multi-pesticide degradation and stress tolerance. These MAGs provided genomic blueprints for metabolic modelling and synthetic ecology approaches aimed at bioremediation. These findings of the study demonstrate that pesticide stress drives functional specialization and taxonomic shifts in soil microbiomes, reinforcing their ecological role in pollutant attenuation. This study establishes a foundation for metagenome-driven metabolic network reconstruction, enabling predictive bioremediation strategies and guiding policy frameworks for sustainable agriculture. By integrating omics-based insights with soil health metrics, the study envisions a roadmap for restoring ecosystem resilience in pesticide-impacted agroecosystems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8947,"journal":{"name":"Bioresource Technology Reports","volume":"34 ","pages":"Article 102737"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148477082","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integral cassava valorization: Evaluation of derivatives to produce functional and sustainable materials","authors":"Nayara Balaba,&nbsp;Julia de Oliveira Primo,&nbsp;Xavier Noirfalise,&nbsp;Luiz Felipe Bodnar,&nbsp;Rafael Emil Klumpp,&nbsp;Carla Bittencourt,&nbsp;Fauze Jaco Anaissi","doi":"10.1016/j.biteb.2026.102840","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.biteb.2026.102840","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Cassava (<em>Manihot esculenta</em> Crantz) is a staple crop of high socioeconomic relevance, and its industrial processing generates large volumes of by-products with potential for valorization. In this study, cassava cultivated in southern Brazil (Palmital, Paraná) was processed, and the derivatives: starch, fiber, and cassava wastewater (manipueira) were systematically separated and characterized to assess their complementary potential for sustainable material development. The starch showed a type A semi-crystalline structure (XRD) with granules averaging 10.8 μm, low acidity (1.58%), and low ash content (0.13%). Thermogravimetric analysis indicated near-complete decomposition below 380 °C, supporting its use as a clean organic fuel, polymeric matrix, and precursor for biodegradable films. XPS revealed high surface oxygen content (40%), indicating suitability for combustion synthesis. The fibers exhibited a lignocellulosic composition with a rough, fibrillar morphology (SEM), higher mineral content, moderate acidity (2.30%), and multistage thermal degradation, suggesting greater thermal stability and potential applications in activated carbon, composites, and catalytic supports. The manipueira was an amorphous aqueous derivative (99.7% moisture), rich in organic and inorganic compounds, with near-neutral pH (6.54) and major thermal decomposition at 605 °C with 66% mass loss, indicating its potential as a liquid precursor, dispersing medium, or reducing agent in combustion-assisted and sol–gel routes. Overall, the derivatives displayed distinct yet complementary properties, enabling the full valorization of cassava biomass and its processing streams, minimizing waste generation, supporting the development of functional materials through sustainable, low-impact pathways, and reinforcing cassava as a strategic feedstock for circular agro-industrial systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8947,"journal":{"name":"Bioresource Technology Reports","volume":"34 ","pages":"Article 102840"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148499292","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dual dye degradation of methylene blue and orange II by a wetland-derived Acinetobacter species: RSM optimization, GC–MS pathway elucidation, and phytotoxicity assessment","authors":"Anjuman Ayub,&nbsp;Chirag Chopra,&nbsp;Anjuvan Singh,&nbsp;Reena Singh,&nbsp;Jaskaran Singh,&nbsp;Atif Khurshid Wani","doi":"10.1016/j.biteb.2026.102736","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.biteb.2026.102736","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Synthetic dyes such as Methylene Blue (MB) and Orange II (O-II) cause serious environmental and phytotoxic risks due to their chemical stability and presence in aquatic systems. Although microbial dye degradation has been widely studied, most reports focus on single dyes and lack comprehensive validation of detoxification, particularly using wetland-derived bacterial strains. In this study, <em>Acinetobacter</em> sp. SC2 was isolated from the Surinsar wetland (Jammu and Kashmir) and evaluated for its ability to independently degrade two structurally different dyes under optimized conditions. Using response surface methodology (RSM), optimal conditions (pH 7.5–10, 40–45 °C, 24 h) resulted in 90.99% degradation of MB and 95.96% degradation of O-II. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis confirmed dye degradation through the disappearance and shifting of characteristic azo and thiazine functional group peaks, while gas chromatography- mass spectrophotometry (GC–MS) analysis revealed the formation of low-molecular-weight, less toxic metabolites, indicating structural breakdown of the parent dyes. Phytotoxicity studies using <em>Vigna radiata</em> demonstrated severe toxicity of untreated dyes, with significant reductions in seed germination and root growth. In contrast, bacterially degraded dye products showed near-normal germination and growth, confirming effective detoxification. This study provides an integrated evaluation of a wetland derived <em>Acinetobacter</em> sp. SC2 for dual-dye degradation by combining RSM optimization, metabolite analysis, and phytotoxicity assessment. Future studies should focus on enzyme level characterization, mixed-dye systems, and scale-up applications for wastewater treatment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8947,"journal":{"name":"Bioresource Technology Reports","volume":"34 ","pages":"Article 102736"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148499337","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploration of the pathway and mechanism of phycocyanin accumulation: A review","authors":"Xiaoxuan Zhou ,&nbsp;Zhengdong Wan ,&nbsp;Ran Gao ,&nbsp;Jianxiong Hao ,&nbsp;Wei Wang ,&nbsp;Xuechao Zheng ,&nbsp;Dandan Zhao","doi":"10.1016/j.biteb.2025.102535","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.biteb.2025.102535","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Phycocyanin (PC), a bioactive pigment-protein complex found in cyanobacteria, has gained significant attention due to its diverse applications in food, pharmaceuticals, and cosmetics, particularly as a natural blue colorant and nutritional supplement in food products. This review summarizes regulatory mechanisms and enhancement strategies for PC accumulation, focusing on single/combined exogenous substances and photodynamic synergy. These interventions regulate PC synthesis mainly via energy optimization, metabolic balance, and cellular protection. Challenges like high costs and scalability remain. Future research should develop industrial by-products/agricultural waste as low-cost exogenous substances, optimize intelligent photobioreactors (PBRs), apply genetic engineering/mutagenesis to break PC synthesis limits, and integrate transcriptomics, proteomics, and metabolomics to boost industrial efficiency. This review provides a theoretical basis for PC development, supporting the sustainable bioeconomy and the advancement of the protein industry.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8947,"journal":{"name":"Bioresource Technology Reports","volume":"33 ","pages":"Article 102535"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145922213","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Does earthworm stocking density act as an ecological lever to modulate microbial communities, phospho-lipid fatty acid signatures, and mineralization-humification dynamics?","authors":"Inrikynti Mary Kharmawphlang ,&nbsp;Anuska Saha ,&nbsp;Grace Beirapawngia ,&nbsp;Saibal Ghosh ,&nbsp;Deepom Deori ,&nbsp;Nazneen Hussain","doi":"10.1016/j.biteb.2026.102545","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.biteb.2026.102545","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Stocking density emerged as the key ecological lever governing how <em>Eisenia fetida</em> and <em>Eudrilus eugeniae</em> transformed municipal solid waste. At lower density (7 worms kg⁻¹), <em>E. fetida</em> achieved maximal carbon stabilization, N mineralization, P and K solubilization through strong humification and a bacteria-dominant microbiome, whereas overcrowding suppressed its efficiency. <em>E. eugeniae</em> performed optimally at moderate densities (10–15 worms kg⁻¹); rapidly depleting labile carbon, increasing humic acids, and sustaining diverse aerobic microbial consortia. Detoxification pathways diverged such that <em>E. fetida</em> primarily immobilized metals via chelation and humic binding, while <em>E. eugeniae</em> stimulated microbial redox transformations that substantially reduced toxic heavy metals. PLFA profiles reinforced species-specific patterns, showing bacterial enrichment under <em>E. fetida</em> and higher fungal-actinomycete abundance under <em>E. eugeniae</em>. Integrating ANN and Sobol sensitivity analysis identified T2 (<em>E. fetida</em>, 7 worms kg⁻¹) and T6 (<em>E. eugeniae</em>, 10 worms kg⁻¹) as optimal regimes, providing robust predictive validation for vermicomposting optimization.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8947,"journal":{"name":"Bioresource Technology Reports","volume":"33 ","pages":"Article 102545"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145972856","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}