Bioresource Technology Reports最新文献

{"title":"Comprehensive study of domestic wastewater phytoremediation using duckweed in mesocosms: Physiological, biochemical, hormonal and metabolic aspects","authors":"María R. Quevedo ,&nbsp;Paola S. González ,&nbsp;Analía Llanes ,&nbsp;Cynthia Magallanes-Noguera ,&nbsp;Cintia E. Paisio","doi":"10.1016/j.biteb.2026.102551","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.biteb.2026.102551","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Domestic wastewater (DW) presents considerable environmental and public health challenges if not adequately treated, owing to its high levels of organic matter and pathogens. Phytoremediation offers a sustainable alternative for their treatment, due to the natural capacity of plants to remove contaminants, often in synergy with microbial communities.</div><div>In this study, phytoremediation of DW by a duckweed mixture in mesocosm scale and natural environmental conditions was evaluated for a period of 30 days in the summer and 7 days in both summer and winter was implemented. The results revealed removal efficiencies exceeding 70% for chemical oxygen demand and phosphorus, 52% for nitrogen and nearly complete pathogen removal. Furthermore, the plants maintained a stable osmotic potential; increases were detected in the relative permeability of cell membranes and in the concentration of chlorophyll, indicating an increase in the rate of photosynthesis. However, the reduction in carbohydrate concentration could have been due to decreased synthesis, energy expenditure, or other metabolic reactions. The stability observed in the concentrations of abscisic acid, jasmonic acid, and salicylic acid indicates that the plants were either not subjected to significant stress or had effectively activated adaptive hormonal responses to mitigate its impact. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis identified elevated levels of erucamide, which could enhance the removal of nutrients, pollutants, and microorganisms. Overall, this study highlights the potential of duckweed for effective DW treatment, as well as its ability to maintain homeostasis and physiological balance. This highlights its application in wetlands on a larger scale to achieve sustainable wastewater treatment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8947,"journal":{"name":"Bioresource Technology Reports","volume":"33 ","pages":"Article 102551"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145973012","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bioenergy potential of pampa grass waste: Combustion properties and economic-environmental considerations","authors":"S. Pérez ,&nbsp;J. Fernandez-Ferreras ,&nbsp;I. Fernandez","doi":"10.1016/j.biteb.2025.102483","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.biteb.2025.102483","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The EU is addressing the invasive <em>Cortaderia selloana</em> (<em>CS</em>) due to its high management costs and large waste generation. This study evaluates <em>CS</em> waste as a feedstock for bioenergy production through direct combustion. Thermochemical parameters, including heating values, moisture and ash content, bulk density, adiabatic flame temperature (AFT), and fuel value index, were analyzed to assess combustion performance. Biomass yield, energy output, and the economic and environmental feasibility of <em>CS</em> combustion were also evaluated. Results show that optimal combustion requires a moisture content below 31.70 %. The average dry biomass yield was 10.21 ± 1.22 Mg ha⁻¹ yr⁻¹, equivalent to 166 GJ ha⁻¹ yr⁻¹. The process becomes economically viable when electricity prices exceed 107 € MWh⁻¹. Emission analysis revealed low CO, CO₂, and SO₂ levels but elevated NOₓ emissions. Overall, <em>CS</em> waste represents a sustainable bioenergy resource and an environmentally friendly strategy for non-chemical control of this invasive species.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8947,"journal":{"name":"Bioresource Technology Reports","volume":"33 ","pages":"Article 102483"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145837810","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"In-Situ H2S reduction in biogas fuel for solid oxide fuel cell applications by using cow urine","authors":"Henry Wasajja ,&nbsp;Ralph E.F. Lindeboom ,&nbsp;Henri Spanjers ,&nbsp;P.V. Aravind ,&nbsp;Jules.B. van Lier","doi":"10.1016/j.biteb.2026.102546","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.biteb.2026.102546","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Biogas, generated from small scale digesters, is a traditional energy source for satisfying the thermal energy demand in off-grid communities. Recent developments in small scale solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) technology and progress in research and development of dry reforming, opens perspectives to couple small scale SOFCs with already existing digesters to meet both thermal and electrical energy demand, enabling power access to off-grid communities.</div><div>However, one of the major challenges for SOFC integration to small scale digesters is the effect of biogas impurities, such as H₂S, on the performance of SOFCs. Previous work has shown that local operational practices could influence the biogas quality and particularly the H₂S content in the biogas. The here presented research expanded on the use of cow urine instead of water as solvent in manure digestion as a potential operational strategy that enables in-situ reduction of H₂S in the evolving biogas. This research investigated the following hypotheses: 1) urine addition results in a high pH that favours HS⁻ over H₂S, 2) given the presence of metal elements in the cow urine, insoluble metal sulphides are being formed, reducing the biogas H₂S content. The research was carried out by measuring cow urine composition of various samples, assessing the effects of different urine/water/manure mixtures on the evolving biogas-H₂S concentration, and verifying the experimental findings with phreeqC equilibrium speciation. Bio-kinetic modelling, using the anaerobic digestion model nr 1 (ADM1), was subsequently performed to explore the influence of different feed compositions on the H₂S content in the biogas.</div><div>It was observed that addition of cow urine in all experiments resulted in an elevated pH of the reactor compared to water dilution, yet both experiments I and II-2 showed an increased maximum H₂S content when urine dilution was applied, compared to water dilution. Cow urine and cow dung characterisation in terms of metals and S, showed that experiment II-1 had the highest Fe:S ratio of 1:0.3–1:0.9. Equilibrium modelling confirmed that despite the positive urine-induced pH effect, the measured Fe:S ratios could indeed be decisive, as with an Fe;S ratio of 1:6 and 1:0.5, the H₂S production at equilibrium was 61 and 10 mL/ kg of solution, respectively. Furthermore, it was predicted through bio-kinetic modelling that inconsistency in feedstock composition may result in temporary H₂S peaks exceeding 400 ppm. Overall, results showed that if a cow urine/manure mixture is characterised by a total metal:S ratio exceeding 1:0.5 and total S content of less than 0.5 mM, then hydrolysed cow urine addition presents an interesting in-situ H₂S cleaning strategy for biogas-SOFC applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8947,"journal":{"name":"Bioresource Technology Reports","volume":"33 ","pages":"Article 102546"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146034478","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Polyhydroxybutyrate and extracellular polymeric substances production from dairy wastewater grown cyanobacterial strains Leptolyngbya angustata and Synechococcus elongatus","authors":"A. Aswathi Mohan ,&nbsp;Rishiram Ramanan","doi":"10.1016/j.biteb.2025.102469","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.biteb.2025.102469","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Certain cyanobacteria accumulate poly (3-hydroxybutyrate) (PHB) as energy reserves under stress, which serves as a biodegradable and renewable alternative for petroleum based polymers. However, bioprospecting for new strains is a necessity as PHB production from available strains is not techno-economically viable because of high substrate cost and energy-intensive harvesting, therefore biorefinery approach is desirable to reduce overall costs. This study explores PHB and Extracellular Polymeric Substances (EPS) production coupled with wastewater treatment from cyanobacteria <em>Synechococcus elongatus</em> and <em>Leptolyngbya angustata</em> to address above-mentioned challenges. Dairy wastewater from a local dairy was characterized before, during and after wastewater treatment. Subsequently, untreated dairy wastewater with relatively high ammoniacal nitrogen (∼35 mg/L) was mixed with BG-11 media at different concentrations for cultivation and inducing nitrogen (N) starvation in the strains. Upon cultivation, the highest removal efficiencies for ammoniacal nitrogen, nitrate, and total phosphorus were 99.34 %, 100 %, and 99.3 %, respectively. PHB extraction followed by identification and quantification showed 30.27 ± 0.81 % PHB (w/w, PHB/biomass) accumulation by <em>S. elongatus</em> under N starved conditions and 26.96 ± 0.2 % in 100 % dairy wastewater, while <em>L. angustata</em> accumulated 25.70 ± 1.22 % in N starved conditions. Additionally, the extracted EPS was characterized using FTIR and UV spectrophotometry, and biochemical composition of EPS was also analyzed. This study is the first report of PHB production from <em>L.</em> <em>angustata</em> and simultaneous production of PHB and EPS in both strains. Further, this study demonstrates a sustainable method for the remediation of wastewater through the synthesis of bioproducts from wastewater-grown cyanobacterial strains.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8947,"journal":{"name":"Bioresource Technology Reports","volume":"33 ","pages":"Article 102469"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145788499","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effluent-derived indigenous bacteria for hexavalent chromium detoxification and phosphate removal through individual strains and microbial consortia","authors":"Marjangul Nuramkhaan ,&nbsp;Enkh-Amgalan Jigjiddorj ,&nbsp;Rentsenkhand Tserennadmid ,&nbsp;Mend-Amar Mendbayar ,&nbsp;Urjinlkham Ryenchindorj ,&nbsp;Munkhjargal Sengenorov ,&nbsp;Zolbootsetseg Dashzeveg","doi":"10.1016/j.biteb.2025.102473","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.biteb.2025.102473","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A total of 19 bacterial strains were isolated from two distinct wastewater effluent sources in Mongolia and identified as belonging to 12 genera: <em>Acinetobacter</em>, <em>Aeromonas</em>, <em>Bacillus</em>, <em>Exiguobacterium</em>, <em>Escherichia</em>, <em>Lactococcus</em>, <em>Morganella</em>, <em>Raoultella</em>, <em>Shigella</em>, <em>Vagococcus</em>, <em>Pseudomonas</em>, and <em>Uruburuella</em>. Two isolates achieved the highest removal efficiency of phosphate, reducing an initial phosphate concentration of 5 mg/L by 82–84 % (S4–1, WW9). Notably, <em>Bacillus cereus</em> Cr_B1 demonstrated exceptional Cr⁶⁺ detoxification, removing up to 96.4 %, 91.4 %, and 71.4 % at initial concentrations of 10, 20, and 30 mg/L, respectively, within 24 h. Phosphate removal was also assessed using bacterial consortia. Consortium 2, comprising <em>Morganella</em>, <em>Exiguobacterium</em>, <em>Bacillus</em>, and <em>Raoultella</em>, achieved the highest removal rate of 94.1 % within 48 h. Overall, this study demonstrates the significant potential of indigenous bacterial strains for the simultaneous removal of nutrients and heavy metals, supporting their application in enhancing activated sludge systems for wastewater treatment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8947,"journal":{"name":"Bioresource Technology Reports","volume":"33 ","pages":"Article 102473"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145788501","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Insect shell chitosan nanoparticle as novel flocculants in biofloc system: An innovative resource recovery approach for sustainable aquaculture","authors":"Reshmi Debbarma ,&nbsp;Soibam Khogen Singh ,&nbsp;Soibam Ngasotter ,&nbsp;Pradyut Biswas ,&nbsp;Gusheinzed Waikhom ,&nbsp;Nayan Chouhan ,&nbsp;M. Bharghavi Priyadarshini ,&nbsp;Tanmoy Gon Choudhury ,&nbsp;Naresh Kumar Mehta","doi":"10.1016/j.biteb.2025.102465","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.biteb.2025.102465","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Flocculation plays a vital role in biofloc system efficiency, and eco-friendly flocculants are essential for sustainable aquaculture. This study evaluated chitosan nanoparticles (CNPs), synthesized from BSF larvae exoskeletons, as a novel flocculant for biofloc systems. The CNPs showed a particle size of 37.30 nm and a zeta potential of +42 mV. Under optimal conditions (pH 6–8, 100–150 rpm, 30 °C), they achieved &gt;90 % TSS removal at 10–15 ppm. A 60-day trial with applying CNPs dosage 5, 10, 15 and20 mg/L in biofloc system of <em>Clarius magur</em>, revealed that 10 and 15 mg/L doses significantly improved floc volume, reduced ammonia and nitrite levels, and stabilized pH and alkalinity. These treatments also resulted in the highest survivability and biomass gain (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.05). Overall, insect-derived CNPs proved to be an effective and sustainable bio-flocculant, enhancing water quality and resource recovery in biofloc aquaculture systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8947,"journal":{"name":"Bioresource Technology Reports","volume":"33 ","pages":"Article 102465"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145788605","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhancing the interpretation of biochemical methane potential assays through methane production kinetics: A case study with grass clippings and fruit-vegetable waste","authors":"Brahim Arhoun ,&nbsp;Belén Muñoz-Cabello ,&nbsp;Souad Benaisa ,&nbsp;Cesar Gomez-Lahoz ,&nbsp;Carlos Vereda-Alonso ,&nbsp;María del Mar Cerrillo-González","doi":"10.1016/j.biteb.2026.102597","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.biteb.2026.102597","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Anaerobic co-digestion (AcoD) of grass waste (GS) with fruit and vegetable waste (FVW) was evaluated to improve methane generation from lignocellulosic biomass. Batch BMP tests were performed using raw grass (GSr), size-reduced grass (GSp), and GS:FVW mixtures.</div><div>FVW exhibited high biodegradability (453 Nml CH₄/gVS; BDI 97.7%), whereas GS showed markedly lower conversion (169 Nml CH₄/gVS_; BDI 41.2%). Particle-size reduction of grass from 20 mm to &lt;5 mm increased the methane production rate but did not significantly affect ultimate methane yield. Co-digestion behavior was strictly additive, with CPI values approximately equal to 1 for all mixtures. Among the kinetic formulations, the Two-fractions First-order and Multi-stages models provided the best description of methane production, particularly when BMP values were fixed to their theoretical predictions derived from CHNSO. A mathematical demonstration showed that the analytic expression of the Multi-stage model can be transformed into the Two-fractions First-order formulation, confirming their mathematical equivalence despite differing conceptual interpretations.</div><div>These results highlight the suitability of FVW as a co-substrate for GS digestion and demonstrate the value of kinetic modeling for interpreting and predicting biomethane production from slowly degradable feedstocks.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8947,"journal":{"name":"Bioresource Technology Reports","volume":"33 ","pages":"Article 102597"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147396411","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Techno-economic analysis of lignin-first biorefinery using reductive catalytic fractionation of rice straw","authors":"Panneerselvam Ranganathan","doi":"10.1016/j.biteb.2026.102617","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.biteb.2026.102617","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Lignin-first reductive catalytic fractionation (RCF) is a new lignocellulose biorefinery process in which lignin is first separated to produce lignin oil before the upgrading of the remaining holocellulose fraction of lignocellulose to the second generation (2G) ethanol. To evaluate the commercial potential of the RCF process, techno-economic analysis is a powerful tool. In this work, process modelling of an RCF-based biorefinery is carried out to produce lignin oil, along with 2G ethanol, as a co-product from rice straw. Steady-state simulations are conducted to determine the mass and energy flows of the process design using Aspen Plus software. Based on the results of mass and energy balances, the economic viability of the process is evaluated to calculate the minimum selling price (MSP) of lignin oil at a fixed price of 2G ethanol using a discounted cash flow method. A MSP of lignin oil is found at US$ 2.53 per kg, which is high in the range of values reported in the literature. Furthermore, a sensitivity analysis is conducted to identify key parameters that drive the process cost. Additionally, a global warming potential (GWP) in terms of CO₂ eq. is evaluated for the production of RCF oil to perform an environmental assessment. It is observed that GWP shows around 2.7 kg of CO₂eq. /kg of lignin oil. This value agrees with the literature. Thus, further research and development activities are needed in membrane-based separations for solvent recovery, low-cost catalysts, and optimal liquor recycling to demonstrate the commercial potential of the RCF-based biorefinery concept.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8947,"journal":{"name":"Bioresource Technology Reports","volume":"33 ","pages":"Article 102617"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147396412","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rapid production of volatile fatty acids (VFAs) through the co-fermentation of mixed vegetable waste liquid","authors":"Tianzeng Jin ,&nbsp;Junkai Hu ,&nbsp;Xue Song ,&nbsp;Yongde Liu ,&nbsp;Jie Zhang ,&nbsp;Jihong Zhao ,&nbsp;Feiyue Wang ,&nbsp;Guihua Yan ,&nbsp;Longjie Xiao ,&nbsp;Han Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.biteb.2026.102552","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.biteb.2026.102552","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The annual production of vegetable waste (VW) is substantial, posing environmental risks and resource loss if not properly managed. Current research primarily focuses on fermenting the whole crushed VW mixture., which often results in slow and inefficient processes due to the recalcitrant solid fraction. This study proposes an innovative pretreatment strategy: employing solid-liquid separation and utilizing the resulting liquid fraction (VWL) for fermentation. Using a mixture of <em>Brassica chinensis</em> and tomato waste liquids under optimized conditions (initial pH 7, an inoculum dose of 3 g TS/L, 35 °C, and 1 mmol sodium 2-bromoethanesulfonate), the highest volatile fatty acid (VFAs) yield of 325.81 mg COD/g VS (94.25% acetic acid) was achieved within 96 h. Compared to fermenting the complete solid-liquid mixture (VWM), this VWL-based strategy reduced fermentation time by 20% (from 120 to 96 h) and increased the VFAs yield by 40.88% (from 231.27 to 325.81 mg COD/g VS). Microbial analysis indicated the pivotal role of Lactobacillus. KEGG pathway prediction highlighted the significance of the K02006, K07483, and K01784 pathways in VFAs biosynthesis. This work demonstrates that solid-liquid separation pretreatment, by bypassing the rate-limiting hydrolysis of solids, offers a promising and efficient route for accelerating VFAs production from vegetable waste.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8947,"journal":{"name":"Bioresource Technology Reports","volume":"33 ","pages":"Article 102552"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145972861","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Selective recovery of gibberellic acid using amberlite resins: Adsorption–desorption process and performance evaluation","authors":"David Antonio Flores-Méndez ,&nbsp;Miriam Granados-Vallejo ,&nbsp;Omar González-Ortega ,&nbsp;Fernando Jonathan Lona-Ramírez ,&nbsp;Giovanni Alexander Escamilla-García ,&nbsp;Eleazar Maximo Escamilla-Silva","doi":"10.1016/j.biteb.2025.102490","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.biteb.2025.102490","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Gibberellic acid (GA₃) is a plant growth regulator traditionally recovered by liquid-liquid extraction, a process limited by low yields and high energy demands. This study presents a novel adsorption-based approach for the selective recovery of GA₃ from synthetic solutions and fermentation broth using Amberlite XAD-4S, XAD-4R, and IRA-400 resins. Among them, XAD-4S exhibited the highest adsorption capacity (5.7 × 10⁻³ g/g) and desorption efficiency (98%) with 85% methanol as eluent. Adsorption equilibrium data were best described by the Freundlich isotherm (<em>R</em>^<em>2</em> = 0.99), indicating multilayer adsorption on a heterogeneous surface. Fixed-bed column experiments using XAD-4S demonstrated that breakthrough curves were effectively predicted by the Thomas, Yoon-Nelson, and BDST models (<em>R</em>^<em>2</em> &gt; 0.97), with a breakthrough time of approximately 100 min. Additionally, the resin achieved a GA₃ recovery of approximately 97% from fermentation broth. These results confirm that XAD-4S is an efficient alternative for GA₃ isolation, offering a viable replacement to conventional extraction techniques in biotechnological applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8947,"journal":{"name":"Bioresource Technology Reports","volume":"33 ","pages":"Article 102490"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145972866","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}