Biomedicines最新文献

{"title":"Urinary and Serum Amino Acids May Be Associated with Podocyte, Proximal Tubule, and Renal Endothelial Injury in Early Diabetic Kidney Disease in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients.","authors":"Maria Mogos, Oana Milas, Carmen Socaciu, Andreea Iulia Socaciu, Adrian Vlad, Florica Gadalean, Flaviu Bob, Octavian Marius Cretu, Anca Suteanu-Simulescu, Mihaela Glavan, Lavinia Balint, Silvia Ienciu, Iuliana-Lavinia Iancu, Dragos Catalin Jianu, Sorin Ursoniu, Ligia Petrica","doi":"10.3390/biomedicines13030675","DOIUrl":"10.3390/biomedicines13030675","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background/Objectives</b>: The pathogenesis of diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is complex and multifactorial. Because of its complications and reduced number of diagnostic biomarkers, it is important to explore new biomarkers with possible roles in the early diagnosis of DKD. Our study aims to investigate the pattern of previously identified metabolites and their association with biomarkers of endothelial dysfunction, proximal tubule (PT) dysfunction, and podocyte injury. <b>Methods</b>: A total of 110 participants, comprising 20 healthy individuals and 90 patients divided in three groups were enrolled in the study: normoalbuminuria, microalbuminuria, and macroalbuminuria. Untargeted and targeted metabolomic methods were employed to assess urinary and serum biomarkers, as well as indicators of endothelial dysfunction, podocyte damage, and PT dysfunction through ELISA techniques. <b>Results</b>: Our research uncovered specific metabolites that exhibit varying levels across different sub-groups. Notably, glycine serves as a distinguishing factor between group C and the normoalbuminuric group. Furthermore, glycine is correlated with endothelial markers, especially VCAM. We observed a gradual decrease in kynurenic acid levels from group C to group P3; this biomarker also demonstrates an inverse relationship with both p-selectin and VCAM. Additionally, tryptophan levels decline progressively from group C to group P3, accompanied by a negative correlation with p-selectin and VCAM. Urinary tiglylglycine also differentiates among the patient groups, with concentrations decreasing as the condition worsens. It shows a strong positive correlation with nephrin, podocalyxin, KIM1, and NAG. <b>Conclusions</b>: In conclusion, glycine, tiglylglycine, kynurenic acid and tryptophan may be considered putative biomarkers for early diagnosis of DKD and T2DM progression.</p>","PeriodicalId":8937,"journal":{"name":"Biomedicines","volume":"13 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11940529/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143728083","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Low GCNT2/I-Branching Glycan Expression Is Associated with Bladder Cancer Aggressiveness.","authors":"Yuki Tobisawa, Keita Nakane, Takuya Koie, Tomoki Taniguchi, Masayuki Tomioka, Risa Tomioka-Inagawa, Kota Kawase, Makoto Kawase, Koji Iinuma","doi":"10.3390/biomedicines13030682","DOIUrl":"10.3390/biomedicines13030682","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background/Objectives:</b> Abnormal glycan formation on the cancer cell surface plays a crucial role in regulating tumor functions in bladder cancer. In this study, we investigated the roles of glucosaminyl (<i>N</i>-acetyl) transferase 2 (GCNT2) in bladder cancer progression and immune evasion. GCNT2 synthesizes I-branched polylactosamine chains on cell surface glycoproteins. Understanding its functions will provide insights into tumor-immune interactions, facilitating the development of effective immunotherapeutic strategies. <b>Methods:</b> GCNT2 expression levels in bladder cancer cell lines and patient tumor samples were analyzed via quantitative polymerase chain reaction and immunohistochemistry. GCNT2 functions were assessed via overexpression and knockdown experiments. Its effect on natural killer (NK) cell-mediated cytotoxicity was evaluated via in vitro assay. Cytotoxic granule release from NK cells was measured via enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. <b>Results:</b> GCNT2 expression was inversely correlated with bladder cancer aggressiveness in both cell lines and patient samples. Low GCNT2 levels were associated with advanced tumor stage and grade, suggesting the tumor-suppressive roles of GCNT2. Notably, GCNT2 overexpression enhanced the susceptibility of bladder cancer cells to NK cell-mediated killing, whereas its knockdown promoted immune evasion. GCNT2-overexpressing cells strongly induced the release of cytotoxic granules from NK cells, indicating enhanced immune recognition. <b>Conclusions:</b> Our findings suggest that aggressive bladder tumors evade NK cell immunity by decreasing the GCNT2 levels and that I-antigen glycans synthesized by GCNT2 are crucial for NK cell recognition by tumor cells. Our findings provide insights into the tumor-immune interactions in bladder cancer and GCNT2 and its associated pathways as potential targets for novel immunotherapeutic strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":8937,"journal":{"name":"Biomedicines","volume":"13 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11940493/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143728139","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Combination of Temporal and Spatial Dose Fractionation in Microbeam Radiation Therapy.","authors":"Jessica Stolz, Kristina Rogal, Sandra Bicher, Johanna Winter, Mabroor Ahmed, Susanne Raulefs, Stephanie E Combs, Stefan H Bartzsch, Thomas E Schmid","doi":"10.3390/biomedicines13030678","DOIUrl":"10.3390/biomedicines13030678","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background</b>: Microbeam radiation therapy (MRT) is an advanced preclinical approach in radiotherapy that utilizes spatially fractionated dose distributions by collimating x-rays into micrometer-wide, planar beams. While the benefits of temporal fractionation are well established and widely incorporated into conventional radiotherapy protocols, the interplay between MRT and temporal dose fractionation remains largely unexplored. In this study, we investigate the effects of combining temporal and spatial dose fractionation by assessing clonogenic cell survival following temporally fractionated MRT with varying irradiation angles, compared to conventional broad-beam (BB) irradiation. <b>Methods</b>: A lung tumor cell line (A549) and a normal lung cell line (MRC-5) were irradiated with a total number of four fractions with a 24 h interval between each fraction. We compared a temporally fractionated BB regime to two temporally fractionated MRT schemes with either overlapping MRT fields or MRT fields with a 45° rotation per fraction. Subsequently, the clonogenic cell survival assay was used by analyzing the corresponding survival fractions (SFs). <b>Results</b>: The clonogenic survival of A549 tumor cells differed significantly between microbeam radiation therapy with rotation (MRT + R) and overlapping MRT. However, neither MRT + R nor overlapping MRT showed statistically significant differences compared to the broad-beam (BB) irradiation for A549. In contrast, the normal tissue cell line MRC-5 exhibited significantly higher clonogenic survival following both MRT + R and overlapping MRT compared to BB. <b>Conclusions</b>: This study demonstrates that combining temporal and spatial fractionation enhances normal tissue cell survival while maintaining equivalent tumor cell kill, potentially increasing the therapeutic index. Our findings support the feasibility of delivering temporally fractionated doses using different MRT modalities and provide clear evidence of the therapeutic benefits of temporally fractionated MRT.</p>","PeriodicalId":8937,"journal":{"name":"Biomedicines","volume":"13 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11940479/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143728196","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"MicroRNA-143-3p and miR-452-5p: A Fingerprint for the Diagnosis of Aortic Stenosis in the Geriatric Population.","authors":"Mónica Ramos, Francisco Javier Enguita, Fernando Bonet, Rocío Ayala, Francisco Javier Gómez-Pavón, Oscar Campuzano, Rocío Toro, Maribel Quezada-Feijoó","doi":"10.3390/biomedicines13030671","DOIUrl":"10.3390/biomedicines13030671","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background/Objectives:</b> Aortic stenosis (AS) is the most common valvular pathology in the geriatric population and is the primary cause of valve replacement. However, misdiagnoses and delays in treatment are common due to comorbidities, frailty, and sedentary lifestyles among elderly individuals. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are highly conserved molecular regulators involved in various cellular processes and have gained recognition as reliable biomarkers in cardiovascular diseases. In the present study, we evaluated plasma miRNAs as potential biomarkers for the early diagnosis of AS in the geriatric population to identify early therapeutic strategies. <b>Methods:</b> This prospective, case-control study included 87 individuals over 75 years of age. The participants were divided into AS (n = 58) and control (n = 29) groups. <b>Results:</b> Fifty-four miRNAs were differentially expressed between patients with AS and controls. Among those genes, 29 were upregulated and 25 were downregulated in patients with AS relative to controls. We selected seven candidate genes (miR-185-5p, miR-143-3p, miR-370-3p, let-7d-3p, miR-452-5p, miR-6787-3p, and miR-21-3p) for experimental validation by qRT-PCR. Only miR-143-3p and miR-452-5p were significantly upregulated in the plasma of patients with AS compared with controls. We developed a multiparametric model by combining the two-miRNA signature with echocardiographic parameters (left ventricular ejection fraction, stroke volume, and global longitudinal strain) to increase diagnostic power; this model yielded sensitivity, specificity, and area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) values of 78.2%, 70.7%, and 0.837, respectively. <b>Conclusions:</b> In clinical practice, the use of a multiparametric model involving this set of miRNAs combined with echocardiographic variables may improve the accuracy of AS diagnosis and risk stratification.</p>","PeriodicalId":8937,"journal":{"name":"Biomedicines","volume":"13 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11940255/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143728148","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Severe Asthma and Active SARS-CoV-2 Infection: Insights into Biologics.","authors":"Sara Manti, Michela Leotta, Federica D'Amico, Simone Foti Randazzese, Giuseppe Fabio Parisi, Salvatore Leonardi","doi":"10.3390/biomedicines13030674","DOIUrl":"10.3390/biomedicines13030674","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Since the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, managing asthma has become significantly more challenging. Both national and international guidelines emphasize the importance of continuing prescribed medications to maintain asthma control and prevent exacerbations. However, the emergence of SARS-CoV-2 infection has raised concerns about the safety of biologic therapies during acute COVID-19 episodes, necessitating a careful and individualized approach to their use. Biologic therapies, including omalizumab, dupilumab, mepolizumab, reslizumab, benralizumab, and tezepelumab, which target specific pathways in severe asthma, have revolutionized asthma management by improving symptom control and reducing exacerbation rates. Despite their proven benefits, the intersection of biologic therapy and active SARS-CoV-2 infection has prompted questions regarding potential immunomodulatory effects and risks. This review aimed to synthesize the current literature on the antiviral effects and safety of biologic drugs in severe asthmatic patients with active SARS-CoV-2 infection, encompassing both pediatric and adult populations.</p>","PeriodicalId":8937,"journal":{"name":"Biomedicines","volume":"13 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11940151/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143728161","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Covert Side of Ascites in Cirrhosis: Cellular and Molecular Aspects.","authors":"Carlo Airola, Simone Varca, Angelo Del Gaudio, Fabrizio Pizzolante","doi":"10.3390/biomedicines13030680","DOIUrl":"10.3390/biomedicines13030680","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Ascites, a common complication of portal hypertension in cirrhosis, is characterized by the accumulation of fluid within the peritoneal cavity. While traditional theories focus on hemodynamic alterations and renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) activation, recent research highlights the intricate interplay of molecular and cellular mechanisms. Inflammation, mediated by cytokines (interleukin-1, interleukin-4, interleukin-6, tumor necrosis factor-α), chemokines (chemokine ligand 21, C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 12), and reactive oxygen species (ROS), plays a pivotal role. Besides pro-inflammatory cytokines, hepatic stellate cells (HSCs), sinusoidal endothelial cells (SECs), and smooth muscle cells (SMCs) contribute to the process through their activation and altered functions. Once activated, these cell types can worsen ascites accumulationthrough extracellular matrix (ECM) deposition and paracrine signals. Besides this, macrophages, both resident and infiltrating, through their plasticity, participate in this complex crosstalk by promoting inflammation and dysregulating lymphatic system reabsorption. Indeed, the lymphatic system and lymphangiogenesis, essential for fluid reabsorption, is dysregulated in cirrhosis, exacerbating ascites. The gut microbiota and intestinal barrier alterations which occur in cirrhosis and portal hypertension also play a role by inducing inflammation, creating a vicious circle which worsens portal hypertension and fluid accumulation. This review aims to gather these aspects of ascites pathophysiology which are usually less considered and to date have not been addressed using specific therapy. Nonetheless, it emphasizes the need for further research to understand the complex interactions among these mechanisms, ultimately leading to targeted interventions in specific molecular pathways, aiming towards the development of new therapeutic strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":8937,"journal":{"name":"Biomedicines","volume":"13 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11940454/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143728197","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"White Matter Microstructural Abnormalities in Children with Familial vs. Non-Familial Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD).","authors":"Rahman Baboli, Kai Wu, Jeffrey M Halperin, Xiaobo Li","doi":"10.3390/biomedicines13030676","DOIUrl":"10.3390/biomedicines13030676","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background</b>: Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a highly prevalent, heterogeneous neurodevelopmental disorder. <b>Methods</b>: This study presents, for the first time, a comprehensive investigation of white matter microstructural differences between familial ADHD (ADHD-F) and non-familial ADHD (ADHD-NF) using advanced diffusion tensor imaging analyses in a large community-based sample. <b>Results</b>: Children with ADHD-F exhibited significantly greater volume in the right anterior thalamic radiations and the left inferior fronto-occipital fasciculus compared to controls, and greater volume in the left inferior longitudinal fasciculus relative to ADHD-NF. The ADHD-NF group showed reduced fractional anisotropy in the left inferior longitudinal fasciculus compared to the controls. In both the ADHD-F and ADHD-NF groups, a greater volume of anterior thalamic radiation significantly contributed to reduced ADHD symptoms. <b>Conclusions</b>: Our findings suggest that white matter microstructural alterations along the frontal-thalamic pathways may play a critical role in hereditary factors among children with ADHD-F and significantly contribute to elevated inattentive and hyperactive/impulsive behaviors in the affected children.</p>","PeriodicalId":8937,"journal":{"name":"Biomedicines","volume":"13 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11940736/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143728221","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Effect of Pulmonary Hypertension on Renal Function Dynamics in Left-Heart Failure Patients.","authors":"Robert Dragu, Adrian Abramovici, Kasem Abu Zeid","doi":"10.3390/biomedicines13030684","DOIUrl":"10.3390/biomedicines13030684","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Objectives:</b> Cardiorenal syndrome (CRS) is a complex disorder characterized by concurrent dysfunction of the heart and kidneys, with their detrimental effects perpetuating a bidirectional cycle. This study aimed to examine the clinical and hemodynamic factors associated with changes in renal function in patients with pulmonary hypertension (PH) secondary to chronic heart failure (HF). <b>Methods:</b> A total of 108 patients with HF were evaluated using right-heart catheterization. <b>Results:</b> 75 patients (69.4%) were diagnosed with PH. The mean baseline estimated GFR (beGFR) was similar in noPH (64 ± 21 mL/min/1.73 m²) and PH group (63 ± 23 mL/min/1.73 m²) (<i>p</i> = 0.71). After a median follow-up of 7 months, the last eGFR (leGFR) in the noPH and PH groups was comparable (49 ± 24 vs. 52 ± 25 mL/min/1.73 m² respectively; <i>p</i> = 0.62). However, in the PH group, for patients with baseline Cr (bCr) < 1.5 mg/dL, the reduction in eGFR showed a graded inverse relationship to serum creatinine, as compared with bCr ≥ 1.5 mg/dL, for whom beGFR and leGFR demonstrated large overlap. In a multivariable regression analysis, the primary independent predictors of leGFR were baseline creatinine, age, diabetes mellitus, left ventricular ejection fraction below 45%, and use of mineralocorticoids antagonists. The model explained 66% of the variance in leGFR. <b>Conclusions:</b> In a cohort of left HF and PH, an inverse non-linear and graded association between the baseline serum creatinine levels and the variation in estimated GFR was demonstrated, contrary to those without PH, for whom this relationship was linear and constant. The distinct patterns of GFR decline influenced by age, low ejection fraction, diabetes, and mineralocorticoid underscore the need for individualized treatment strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":8937,"journal":{"name":"Biomedicines","volume":"13 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11940441/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143728201","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Application of the Human Proteome in Disease, Diagnosis, and Translation into Precision Medicine: Current Status and Future Prospects.","authors":"Yawen Xie, Xiaoying Chen, Maokai Xu, Xiaochun Zheng","doi":"10.3390/biomedicines13030681","DOIUrl":"10.3390/biomedicines13030681","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This review summarizes the existing studies of human proteomics technology in the medical field with a focus on the development mechanism of a disease and its potential in discovering biomarkers. Through a systematic review of the relevant literature, we found the significant advantages and application scenarios of proteomics technology in disease diagnosis, drug development, and personalized treatment. However, the review also identifies the challenges facing proteomics technologies, including sample preparation of low-abundance proteins, massive amounts of data analysis, and how research results can be better used in clinical practice. Finally, this work discusses future research directions, including the development of more effective proteomics technologies, strengthening the integration of multi-source omics technologies, and promoting the application of AI in the human proteome.</p>","PeriodicalId":8937,"journal":{"name":"Biomedicines","volume":"13 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11940125/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143727068","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Causal Relationships Between Iron Deficiency Anemia, Gut Microbiota, and Metabolites: Insights from Mendelian Randomization and In Vivo Data.","authors":"He Zhou, Zhenzhen Fan, Yu Da, Xiaoning Liu, Chen Wang, Tiantian Zhang, Jiaqi Zhang, Tong Wu, Jie Liang","doi":"10.3390/biomedicines13030677","DOIUrl":"10.3390/biomedicines13030677","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background</b>: Iron deficiency anemia (IDA) is a common type of anemia in children and pregnant women. The effects of iron deficiency on gut microbiota and metabolic profiles are not fully understood. <b>Methods:</b> Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis was conducted to explore associations among IDA, gut microbiota, and metabolites. MR analysis was conducted using computational methods, utilizing human genetic data. Data were obtained from genome-wide association studies (GWAS), with inverse-variance-weighted (IVW) as the primary method. Animal models evaluated the effects of IDA on gut microbiota and metabolic profiles. <b>Results:</b> IVW analysis revealed significant associations between gut microbial taxa and IDA. The genus <i>Desulfovibrio</i> was protective (OR = 0.85, 95% CI: 0.77-0.93, <i>p</i> = 0.001), while <i>Actinomyces</i> (OR = 1.12, 95% CI: 1.01-1.23, <i>p</i> = 0.025) and family <i>XIII</i> (OR = 1.16, 95% CI: 1.01-1.32, <i>p</i> = 0.035) increased IDA risk. Glycine was protective (OR = 0.95, 95% CI: 0.91-0.99, <i>p</i> = 0.011), whereas medium low density lipoprotein (LDL) phospholipids increased risk (OR = 1.07, 95% CI: 1.00-1.15, <i>p</i> = 0.040). Animal models confirmed reduced <i>Desulfovibrio</i>, increased <i>Actinomyces</i>, and altered metabolites, including amino acids and phospholipids. <b>Conclusions:</b> IDA significantly impacts gut microbiota and metabolic profiles, offering insights for therapeutic strategies targeting microbiota and metabolism.</p>","PeriodicalId":8937,"journal":{"name":"Biomedicines","volume":"13 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11940133/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143728048","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}