{"title":"Towards correlative archaeology of the human mind.","authors":"Lukasz Piszczek, Joanna Kaczanowska, Wulf Haubensak","doi":"10.1515/hsz-2023-0199","DOIUrl":"10.1515/hsz-2023-0199","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Retracing human cognitive origins started out at the systems level with the top-down interpretation of archaeological records spanning from man-made artifacts to endocasts of ancient skulls. With emerging evolutionary genetics and organoid technologies, it is now possible to deconstruct evolutionary processes on a molecular/cellular level from the bottom-up by functionally testing archaic alleles in experimental models. The current challenge is to complement these approaches with novel strategies that allow a holistic reconstruction of evolutionary patterns across human cognitive domains. We argue that computational neuroarcheology can provide such a critical mesoscale framework at the brain network-level, linking molecular/cellular (bottom-up) to systems (top-down) level data for the correlative archeology of the human mind.</p>","PeriodicalId":8885,"journal":{"name":"Biological Chemistry","volume":" ","pages":"5-12"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2023-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10687516/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41189966","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Biological ChemistryPub Date : 2023-10-03Print Date: 2024-01-29DOI: 10.1515/hsz-2023-0252
Annika Guntermann, Katrin Marcus, Caroline May
{"title":"The good or the bad: an overview of autoantibodies in traumatic spinal cord injury.","authors":"Annika Guntermann, Katrin Marcus, Caroline May","doi":"10.1515/hsz-2023-0252","DOIUrl":"10.1515/hsz-2023-0252","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Infections remain the most common cause of death after traumatic spinal cord injury, likely due to a developing immune deficiency syndrome. This, together with a somewhat contradictory development of autoimmunity in many patients, are two major components of the maladaptive systemic immune response. Although the local non-resolving inflammation in the lesioned spinal cord may lead to an antibody formation against autoantigens of the injured spinal cord tissue, there are also natural (pre-existing) autoantibodies independent of the injury. The way in which these autoantibodies with different origins affect the neuronal and functional outcome of spinal cord-injured patients is still controversial.</p>","PeriodicalId":8885,"journal":{"name":"Biological Chemistry","volume":" ","pages":"79-89"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2023-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41112882","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Biological ChemistryPub Date : 2023-09-29Print Date: 2023-10-26DOI: 10.1515/hsz-2023-0195
Liping Liu, Jakob Trendel, Guojing Jiang, Yanhui Liu, Astrid Bruckmann, Bernhard Küster, Stefanie Sprunck, Thomas Dresselhaus, Andrea Bleckmann
{"title":"RBPome identification in egg-cell like callus of <i>Arabidopsis</i>.","authors":"Liping Liu, Jakob Trendel, Guojing Jiang, Yanhui Liu, Astrid Bruckmann, Bernhard Küster, Stefanie Sprunck, Thomas Dresselhaus, Andrea Bleckmann","doi":"10.1515/hsz-2023-0195","DOIUrl":"10.1515/hsz-2023-0195","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>RNA binding proteins (RBPs) have multiple and essential roles in transcriptional and posttranscriptional regulation of gene expression in all living organisms. Their biochemical identification in the proteome of a given cell or tissue requires significant protein amounts, which limits studies in rare and highly specialized cells. As a consequence, we know almost nothing about the role(s) of RBPs in reproductive processes such as egg cell development, fertilization and early embryogenesis in flowering plants. To systematically identify the RBPome of egg cells in the model plant Arabidopsis, we performed RNA interactome capture (RIC) experiments using the egg cell-like RKD2-callus and were able to identify 728 proteins associated with poly(A<sup>+</sup>)-RNA. Transcripts for 97 % of identified proteins could be verified in the egg cell transcriptome. 46 % of identified proteins can be associated with the RNA life cycle. Proteins involved in mRNA binding, RNA processing and metabolism are highly enriched. Compared with the few available RBPome datasets of vegetative plant tissues, we identified 475 egg cell-enriched RBPs, which will now serve as a resource to study RBP function(s) during egg cell development, fertilization and early embryogenesis. First candidates were already identified showing an egg cell-specific expression pattern in ovules.</p>","PeriodicalId":8885,"journal":{"name":"Biological Chemistry","volume":" ","pages":"1137-1149"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2023-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41103365","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"HMGB1-RAGE axis contributes to myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury via regulation of cardiomyocyte autophagy and apoptosis in diabetic mice.","authors":"De-Wei He, De-Zhao Liu, Xiao-Zhi Luo, Chuan-Bin Chen, Chuang-Hong Lu, Na Na, Feng Huang","doi":"10.1515/hsz-2023-0134","DOIUrl":"10.1515/hsz-2023-0134","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Patients with acute myocardial infarction complicated with diabetes are more likely to develop myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury (MI/RI) during reperfusion therapy. Both HMGB1 and RAGE play important roles in MI/RI. However, the specific mechanisms of HMGB1 associated with RAGE are not fully clarified in diabetic MI/RI. This study aimed to investigate whether the HMGB1-RAGE axis induces diabetic MI/RI via regulating autophagy and apoptosis. A db/db mouse model of MI/RI was established, where anti-HMGB1 antibody and RAGE inhibitor (FPS-ZM1) were respectively injected after 10 min of reperfusion. The results showed that treatment with anti-HMGB1 significantly reduced the infarct size, serum LDH, and CK-MB level. Similar situations also occurred in mice administrated with FPS-ZM1, though the HMGB1 level was unchanged. Then, we found that treatment with anti-HMGB1 or FPS-ZM1 performed the same effects in suppressing the autophagy and apoptosis, as reflected by the results of lower LAMP2 and LC3B levels, increased Bcl-2 level, reduced BAX and caspase-3 levels. Moreover, the Pink1/Parkin levels were also inhibited at the same time. Collectively, this study indicates that the HMGB1-RAGE axis aggravated diabetic MI/RI via apoptosis and Pink1/Parkin mediated autophagy pathways, and inhibition of HMGB1 or RAGE contributes to alleviating those adverse situations.</p>","PeriodicalId":8885,"journal":{"name":"Biological Chemistry","volume":" ","pages":"167-176"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2023-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41109563","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Biological ChemistryPub Date : 2023-09-27Print Date: 2023-10-26DOI: 10.1515/hsz-2023-0301
Herbert Tschochner
{"title":"Highlight: how to synthesize, assemble and regulate ribonucleoprotein-complexes.","authors":"Herbert Tschochner","doi":"10.1515/hsz-2023-0301","DOIUrl":"10.1515/hsz-2023-0301","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8885,"journal":{"name":"Biological Chemistry","volume":" ","pages":"977"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2023-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41106954","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Biological ChemistryPub Date : 2023-09-25Print Date: 2023-10-26DOI: 10.1515/hsz-2023-0203
Simone Larivera, Julia Neumeier, Gunter Meister
{"title":"Post-transcriptional gene silencing in a dynamic RNP world.","authors":"Simone Larivera, Julia Neumeier, Gunter Meister","doi":"10.1515/hsz-2023-0203","DOIUrl":"10.1515/hsz-2023-0203","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>MicroRNA (miRNA)-guided gene silencing is a key regulatory process in various organisms and linked to many human diseases. MiRNAs are processed from precursor molecules and associate with Argonaute proteins to repress the expression of complementary target mRNAs. Excellent work by numerous labs has contributed to a detailed understanding of the mechanisms of miRNA function. However, miRNA effects have mostly been analyzed and viewed as isolated events and their natural environment as part of complex RNA-protein particles (RNPs) is often neglected. RNA binding proteins (RBPs) regulate key enzymes of the miRNA processing machinery and furthermore RBPs or readers of RNA modifications may modulate miRNA activity on mRNAs. Such proteins may function similarly to miRNAs and add their own contributions to the overall expression level of a particular gene. Therefore, post-transcriptional gene regulation might be more the sum of individual regulatory events and should be viewed as part of a dynamic and complex RNP world.</p>","PeriodicalId":8885,"journal":{"name":"Biological Chemistry","volume":" ","pages":"1051-1067"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2023-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41096105","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Biological ChemistryPub Date : 2023-09-15Print Date: 2024-03-25DOI: 10.1515/hsz-2023-0150
Tomas Perecko, Jana Pereckova, Zuzana Hoferova, Martin Falk
{"title":"Cell-type specific anti-cancerous effects of nitro-oleic acid and its combination with gamma irradiation.","authors":"Tomas Perecko, Jana Pereckova, Zuzana Hoferova, Martin Falk","doi":"10.1515/hsz-2023-0150","DOIUrl":"10.1515/hsz-2023-0150","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Nitro-fatty acids (NFAs) are endogenous lipid mediators capable of post-translational modifications of selected regulatory proteins. Here, we investigated the anti-cancerous effects of nitro-oleic acid (NO<sub>2</sub>OA) and its combination with gamma irradiation on different cancer cell lines. The effects of NO<sub>2</sub>OA on cell death, cell cycle distribution, or expression of p21 and cyclin D1 proteins were analyzed in cancer (A-549, HT-29 and FaDu) or normal cell lines (HGF, HFF-1). Dose enhancement ratio at 50 % survival fraction (DER<sub>IC50</sub>) was calculated for samples pre-treated with NO<sub>2</sub>OA followed by gamma irradiation. NO<sub>2</sub>OA suppressed viability and induced apoptotic cell death. These effects were cell line specific but not in general selective for cancer cells. HT-29 cell line exerted higher sensitivity toward NO<sub>2</sub>OA treatment among cancer cell lines tested: induction of cell cycle arrest in the G2/M phase was associated with an increase in p21 and a decrease in cyclin D1 expression. Pre-treatment of HT-29 cells with NO<sub>2</sub>OA prior irradiation showed a significantly increased DER<sub>IC50</sub>, demonstrating radiosensitizing effects. In conclusion, NO<sub>2</sub>OA exhibited potential for combined chemoradiotherapy. Our results encourage the development of new NFAs with improved features for cancer chemoradiation.</p>","PeriodicalId":8885,"journal":{"name":"Biological Chemistry","volume":" ","pages":"177-187"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2023-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10245629","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Biological ChemistryPub Date : 2023-09-15Print Date: 2023-10-26DOI: 10.1515/hsz-2023-0182
Christina Krempl, Daniela Lazzaretti, Remco Sprangers
{"title":"A structural biology view on the enzymes involved in eukaryotic mRNA turnover.","authors":"Christina Krempl, Daniela Lazzaretti, Remco Sprangers","doi":"10.1515/hsz-2023-0182","DOIUrl":"10.1515/hsz-2023-0182","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The cellular environment contains numerous ribonucleases that are dedicated to process mRNA transcripts that have been targeted for degradation. Here, we review the three dimensional structures of the ribonuclease complexes (Pan2-Pan3, Ccr4-Not, Xrn1, exosome) and the mRNA decapping enzymes (Dcp2, DcpS) that are involved in mRNA turnover. Structures of major parts of these proteins have been experimentally determined. These enzymes and factors do not act in isolation, but are embedded in interaction networks which regulate enzyme activity and ensure that the appropriate substrates are recruited. The structural details of the higher order complexes that form can, in part, be accurately deduced from known structural data of sub-complexes. Interestingly, many of the ribonuclease and decapping enzymes have been observed in structurally different conformations. Together with experimental data, this highlights that structural changes are often important for enzyme function. We conclude that the known structural data of mRNA decay factors provide important functional insights, but that static structural data needs to be complemented with information regarding protein motions to complete the picture of how transcripts are turned over. In addition, we highlight multiple aspects that influence mRNA turnover rates, but that have not been structurally characterized so far.</p>","PeriodicalId":8885,"journal":{"name":"Biological Chemistry","volume":" ","pages":"1101-1121"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2023-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10608946","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Biological ChemistryPub Date : 2023-09-15Print Date: 2023-10-26DOI: 10.1515/hsz-2023-0215
Robert Reichelt, Tamara Rothmeier, Felix Grünberger, Sarah Willkomm, Astrid Bruckmann, Winfried Hausner, Dina Grohmann
{"title":"The archaeal Lsm protein from <i>Pyrococcus furiosus</i> binds co-transcriptionally to poly(U)-rich target RNAs.","authors":"Robert Reichelt, Tamara Rothmeier, Felix Grünberger, Sarah Willkomm, Astrid Bruckmann, Winfried Hausner, Dina Grohmann","doi":"10.1515/hsz-2023-0215","DOIUrl":"10.1515/hsz-2023-0215","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Posttranscriptional processes in Bacteria include the association of small regulatory RNAs (sRNA) with a target mRNA. The sRNA/mRNA annealing process is often mediated by an RNA chaperone called Hfq. The functional role of bacterial and eukaryotic Lsm proteins is partially understood, whereas knowledge about archaeal Lsm proteins is scarce. Here, we used the genetically tractable archaeal hyperthermophile <i>Pyrococcus furiosus</i> to identify the protein interaction partners of the archaeal Sm-like proteins (PfuSmAP1) using mass spectrometry and performed a transcriptome-wide binding site analysis of PfuSmAP1. Most of the protein interaction partners we found are part of the RNA homoeostasis network in Archaea including ribosomal proteins, the exosome, RNA-modifying enzymes, but also RNA polymerase subunits, and transcription factors. We show that PfuSmAP1 preferentially binds messenger RNAs and antisense RNAs recognizing a gapped poly(U) sequence with high affinity. Furthermore, we found that SmAP1 co-transcriptionally associates with target RNAs. Our study reveals that in contrast to bacterial Hfq, PfuSmAP1 does not affect the transcriptional activity or the pausing behaviour of archaeal RNA polymerases. We propose that PfuSmAP1 recruits antisense RNAs to target mRNAs and thereby executes its putative regulatory function on the posttranscriptional level.</p>","PeriodicalId":8885,"journal":{"name":"Biological Chemistry","volume":" ","pages":"1085-1100"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2023-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10242690","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}