Biopolymers最新文献

{"title":"Aggregation of Modified Glucuronoxylan in Water and DMSO","authors":"Chonnipa Palasingh,&nbsp;Ratchawit Janewithayapun,&nbsp;Leide P. Cavalcanti,&nbsp;Felix Abik,&nbsp;Kirsi S. Mikkonen,&nbsp;Fabrice Cousin,&nbsp;Anna Ström,&nbsp;Tiina Nypelö","doi":"10.1002/bip.70091","DOIUrl":"10.1002/bip.70091","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Glucuronoxylans are known to be only partly soluble in aqueous media. Chemical modification often aims to improve solubility, yet observations of aggregation even of the modified xylans are not uncommon. We investigated the aggregation of glucuronoxylans of two different molar masses (XS and XM with <i>M</i>_w = 14 and 24 kg/mol, respectively), as well as their derivatives that were modified using periodate oxidation and borohydride reduction. Investigations were carried out in water and dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) by means of small angle neutron scattering (SANS). All dispersions of XS and its derivatives were turbid in water and translucent in DMSO. All samples based on XM were translucent in water and transparent in DMSO. In all cases, dispersions showed aggregates at the nanoscale with SANS, even for visually translucent and transparent dispersions with individual chains in a good solvent environment, indicated by the obtained Flory exponent of 0.588. Xylans dispersed in DMSO were less aggregated than xylan dispersed in water. The effect of solvent choice on the dispersibility of the modified xylans depended on the starting material composition. We propose that aggregation on the nanoscale is an intrinsic property of these polysaccharides and must be accounted for in processing, analysis, modification and applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":8866,"journal":{"name":"Biopolymers","volume":"117 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-03-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12993250/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147466288","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"From Synthesis to Therapeutics: Bioactive-Coated Zein Nanoparticles in Drug Delivery","authors":"Milena Ferreira de Lima,&nbsp;Andy Joel Taipe Huisa,&nbsp;Azael da Silva Neto,&nbsp;Clarice Beatriz Gonçalves Silva,&nbsp;Iago Dillion Lima Cavalcanti,&nbsp;Karolliny Barbosa de Araújo,&nbsp;Mariane Cajubá de Britto Lira-Nogueira,&nbsp;Nereide Stela Santos Magalhães,&nbsp;Priscila Gubert","doi":"10.1002/bip.70088","DOIUrl":"10.1002/bip.70088","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Polymeric zein nanoparticles (ZNP), derived from corn protein, are biodegradable drug carriers with high stability and low synthesis costs. Their amphiphilic nature allows efficient encapsulation of both hydrophilic and lipophilic drugs, making them promising for drug delivery. However, their instability under physiological pH can limit therapeutic efficacy, necessitating protective coatings for improved absorption. This review discusses synthesis methods, coating materials, and biological activities of bioactive-coated ZNP. We found that the antisolvent method is the most commonly used due to its simplicity and cost-effectiveness, while chitosan is the preferred coating material. ZNP exhibit antioxidant, anticancer, anesthetic, antidiabetic, hypoglycemic, and immunogenic properties, as demonstrated in both in vitro and in vivo studies. Their ability to enhance bioavailability, reduce toxicity, and enable targeted drug delivery highlights their potential in nanomedicine.</p>","PeriodicalId":8866,"journal":{"name":"Biopolymers","volume":"117 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12989642/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147462526","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction to “Prolonged Release of IL-10 From Enzyme-Mediated Poly-l-(Tyrosine-co-Phenylalanine) Nanocrystals Enhances Stability and Modulates Inflammatory Responses”","authors":"","doi":"10.1002/bip.70092","DOIUrl":"10.1002/bip.70092","url":null,"abstract":"<p>\u0000 <span>F. Landa-Tencle</span>, <span>C. G. Hernández-Valencia</span>, <span>F. Guzmán-Lagunes</span>, et al., “ <span>Prolonged Release of IL-10 From Enzyme-Mediated Poly-<span>l</span>-(Tyrosine-co-Phenylalanine) Nanocrystals Enhances Stability and Modulates Inflammatory Responses</span>,” <i>Biopolymers</i> <span>117</span>, no. <span>2</span> (<span>2026</span>): e70083, https://doi.org/10.1002/bip.70083.\u0000 </p><p>The letter “c” was missing from the author's name Schubert in the original publication of this article. The online version of this article has been corrected accordingly.</p><p>We apologize for this error.</p>","PeriodicalId":8866,"journal":{"name":"Biopolymers","volume":"117 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/bip.70092","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147442363","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influence of Air and Ethanol Dehydration on Structure, Behavior, and Function of Type I Collagen Scaffolds","authors":"K. M. Arnold,&nbsp;D. Nykypanchuk,&nbsp;T. A. Schmidt,&nbsp;A. C. Deymier","doi":"10.1002/bip.70090","DOIUrl":"10.1002/bip.70090","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Ethanol dehydration is a common step in both scaffold manufacturing and tissue processing, yet the influence of ethanol on collagen is not well understood. This study examined the effects of dehydration, via ethanol treatment and air drying, on collagen structure, behavior, mechanics, and rehydration capacity. Multiple material characterization methods were used including Fourier Transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Raman spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, small/medium angle x-ray scattering, volumetric swelling analysis, and tensile testing. Ethanol dehydration removed bulk water from scaffolds, making them stronger and stiffer, but also showed loss of molecular water. This molecular water appears to act as a collagen stabilizer, resulting in less thermally stable scaffolds. The loss of molecular water is also evident in the molecular d-spacing. Secondary structure of scaffolds was also altered by ethanol, resulting in significantly enhanced rehydration capacity. Bulk water, both before and after rehydration, largely determined mechanical properties, which did not correlate with other structural measures such as FTIR. While rehydration largely returned collagen spacing to pre-ethanol treated state, structural alterations seen in FTIR cannot be recovered. These results have implications for not only collagen scaffolds, but in many tissue engineering and processing applications.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":8866,"journal":{"name":"Biopolymers","volume":"117 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147430497","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nanocellulose for Sustainable Tissue Engineering: Modification Strategies, Structural Insights, and Innovations for Biomedical Applications","authors":"Chigozie Charity Okwuwa,&nbsp;Samuel Olugbenga Olunusi,&nbsp;David Abutu,&nbsp;Chika Umunnawuike,&nbsp;Andrew Amenaghawon,&nbsp;Joshua O. Ighalo","doi":"10.1002/bip.70086","DOIUrl":"10.1002/bip.70086","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This review explores the multifaceted role of nanocellulose, comprising cellulose nanofibers (CNFs), cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs), and bacterial nanocellulose (BNC), in the design and fabrication of scaffolds for biomedical applications. Structural insights into nanocellulose reveal its capacity to mimic the extracellular matrix (ECM), providing a conducive environment for cell adhesion, proliferation, and differentiation. Modification strategies such as surface functionalization, grafting with bioactive molecules, and incorporation of therapeutic agents further enhance its biological performance and targeted functionality. Innovative scaffold fabrication techniques, including 3D printing, electrospinning, freeze-drying, gas foaming, and cell sheet engineering, are discussed in the context of tailoring scaffold architecture to meet the mechanical and biological requirements of various tissues. The integration of nanocellulose into composite materials and its synergy with other polymers and biomolecules demonstrate great potential in addressing complex tissue regeneration challenges. Biomedical applications cover a wide range of tissues, including skin, bone, cartilage, muscle, nerve, and vascular systems, highlighting the versatility of nanocellulose-based scaffolds. Nanocellulose stands as a key biomaterial in the development of next-generation, eco-friendly scaffolds that align with the principles of sustainability and regenerative medicine.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":8866,"journal":{"name":"Biopolymers","volume":"117 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-03-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147376132","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Electric Method for the Desulfation of Polysaccharides From Red Microalgae (Porphyridium cruentum) Cultures","authors":"Oshrat Levy-Ontman,&nbsp;Amikam Bar-Gil,&nbsp;Eli Shemesh,&nbsp;Mahmoud Huliehel,&nbsp;Yehudit Amor,&nbsp;Naama Landes,&nbsp;Yonatan Sadeh,&nbsp;Dan Tchernov","doi":"10.1002/bip.70087","DOIUrl":"10.1002/bip.70087","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Sulfated polysaccharides from the red microalgae <i>Porphyridium cruentum</i> demonstrate unique physicochemical properties and antiviral activity. Despite growing interest, it is yet unclear how the sulfates within these polysaccharides affect their rheological properties and whether they are required for the antiviral activity. We report a nondestructive method to deplete sulfates from these polysaccharides by directly exposing the growth medium to a moderate electric field (3.43 V/cm); a 5 min exposure yielded a polysaccharide fraction around the cathode, which we collected and compared to polysaccharides extracted via a traditional, ethanol-based method. Although the electric field did not affect the sugar composition of the polysaccharide and retained its gel-like properties, it substantially reduced its sulfate content (from 5.8% to 1.2%), viscosity (by fivefold), and stiffness (by eightfold) relative to the ethanol-separated fraction. Yet, the bioactivity of the sulfate-depleted polysaccharide against <i>Herpes simplex</i> virus 1 was only slightly reduced (~15%), suggesting that the sulfate groups do not significantly contribute to the antiviral potency of this polysaccharide. The reported electric-field separation methods is, therefore, a simple, straightforward, and nontoxic means for the direct recovery of desulfated polysaccharides from <i>P. cruentum</i> cultures, yielding a low-toxicity and highly stable gel-like material with enhanced amenability for antiviral applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":8866,"journal":{"name":"Biopolymers","volume":"117 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12967132/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147372416","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nicotinic Acid–Modified Chitosan Nanoparticles for Enhanced Resveratrol Delivery and Anticancer Activity","authors":"Sema Şentürk,&nbsp;Özlem Kaplan,&nbsp;Kevser Bal,&nbsp;Sibel Küçükertuğrul Çelik,&nbsp;Nazan Gökşen Tosun,&nbsp;Mehmet Koray Gök","doi":"10.1002/bip.70085","DOIUrl":"10.1002/bip.70085","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study focused on functionalizing chitosan with nicotinic acid, the active form of vitamin B3, to obtain a new derivative (Chi_Nico) with enhanced solubility at physiological pH, improved proton buffering capacity, and in vitro anticancer activity, and to develop resveratrol-loaded nanoparticles (nChi_Nico-RES) for enhanced anticancer performance. Chitosan was modified through EDC-mediated amidation, and successful conjugation was confirmed by FTIR, ¹H NMR, and GPC/SEC analyses. Nicotinic acid grafting increased molecular weight, introduced characteristic amide signals, improved solubility at physiological pH, and enhanced proton buffering capacity. Nanoparticles were prepared by ionotropic gelation and showed sizes of 100–140 nm, PDI values below 0.4, and a positive surface charge of +18 to +20 mV. Blank nanoparticles exhibited minimal cytotoxicity, while resveratrol-loaded formulations demonstrated significant anticancer activity in HeLa cervical cancer cells and HT-29 human colon adenocarcinoma cell line. Notably, nChi_Nico-RES reduced HeLa and HT-29 cell viability more effectively than free resveratrol and nanoparticles based on unmodified chitosan, indicating an additive contribution from nicotinic acid. In contrast, the cytotoxic effect on healthy BJ fibroblasts remained considerably lower, supporting the biocompatibility and selective potential of the system. Overall, nicotinic acid modification improves chitosan's carrier performance and offers a novel strategy by combining two natural bioactive molecules within a single nanoparticle platform.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":8866,"journal":{"name":"Biopolymers","volume":"117 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-02-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146206411","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Stepwise LCST-Type Phase Separation in Mixtures of Short-Chain Elastin-Like Peptides With Minimal Structural Differences","authors":"Naoki Tanaka,&nbsp;Keitaro Suyama,&nbsp;Elissa Mai,&nbsp;Takeru Nose","doi":"10.1002/bip.70084","DOIUrl":"10.1002/bip.70084","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Elastin-like peptides (ELPs) comprise repetitive pentapeptide sequences and exhibit liquid–liquid phase separation through lower critical solution temperature-type behavior. Their stimuli-responsive behavior has enabled diverse applications in biomedical and chemical contexts. Although the miscibility and interactions of ELP mixtures have been previously studied, it remains unclear whether mixtures of short-chain ELPs with minimal differences in intrinsic parameters, such as chain length, can exhibit distinct phase behaviors. In this study, we investigated whether synthetic short-chain ELPs differing in length by only one or two repeat units (i.e., 5 or 10 residues) could exhibit independent phase transitions in mixed systems. Turbidity measurements of single- and two-component ELP solutions supported by UPLC-MS analysis revealed stepwise phase transitions upon heating. Our mechanistic analyses revealed that the mixtures undergo a structural transition from polyproline type II helix to β-sheet or β-turn structures. In addition, although the mixtures exhibited stepwise phase separation, our results indicate that heterotypic interactions influenced the sequential phase behavior. These findings reveal that even subtle variations in the ELP chain length and architecture can drive distinct phase separation, providing a rational strategy for designing functional, multicomponent, responsive peptide-based materials.</p>","PeriodicalId":8866,"journal":{"name":"Biopolymers","volume":"117 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12903191/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146176902","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prolonged Release of IL-10 From Enzyme-Mediated Poly-l-(Tyrosine-co-Phenylalanine) Nanocrystals Enhances Stability and Modulates Inflammatory Responses","authors":"Fátima Landa-Tencle,&nbsp;Carmen G. Hernández-Valencia,&nbsp;Fernando Guzmán-Lagunes,&nbsp;Carmina Montiel,&nbsp;Yoan Cuellar-Entenza,&nbsp;Carlos Guerrero-Sánchez,&nbsp;Steffi Stumpf,&nbsp;Stephanie Hoeppener,&nbsp;Ulrich S. Shubert,&nbsp;Yessica Zamudio-Cuevas,&nbsp;Roberto Sánchez-Sánchez,&nbsp;Miquel Gimeno","doi":"10.1002/bip.70083","DOIUrl":"10.1002/bip.70083","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Protease-catalyzed synthesis of a peptide composed of <span>l</span>-tyrosine and <span>l</span>-phenylalanine (2.2:1 M ratio) was achieved in a natural deep eutectic solvent (NADES) medium and subsequently employed to encapsulate the anti-inflammatory cytokine interleukin-10 (IL-10). IL-10 was loaded into enzyme-mediated peptide nanocrystals at doses of 200 and 400 ng, achieving stable nanocomposite formulations. Release studies were conducted in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS, pH 7.4) at 37°C under gentle agitation, revealing a sustained release profile extending up to 30–31 days, with an initial release of approximately 16% within the first 5 days and near-complete release between Days 10 and 25, depending on loading. Encapsulation effectively protected IL-10 from rapid degradation observed for the free cytokine under identical conditions, resulting in markedly enhanced stability. The nanocrystals were further integrated into porcine gelatin–hyaluronic acid (Ge:HA) and microbial poly(hydroxybutyrate-co-valerate) (PHBV) matrices, where IL-10 release was further modulated, reaching up to ~80% release from Ge:HA and ~100% from PHBV-based systems over 31 days. Cytotoxicity assays using primary human dermal fibroblasts confirmed excellent biocompatibility of all formulations. Moreover, studies in PMA-activated THP-1 macrophage-like cells demonstrated reduced intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) and suppression of the pro-inflammatory cytokine IL-6, highlighting the combined protective and immunomodulatory effects of IL-10 encapsulation. The presence of tyrosine residues within the nanocarrier further suggests intrinsic antioxidant contributions. Overall, these results support enzyme-mediated peptide nanocrystals as an effective platform for the stabilization and prolonged release of IL-10, with strong potential for treating inflammation-related skin conditions.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":8866,"journal":{"name":"Biopolymers","volume":"117 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146112134","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction to “Synthesis, Drug Release, and Biological Evaluation of New Anticancer Drug–Bioconjugates Containing Somatostatin Backbone Cyclic Analog as a Targeting Moiety”","authors":"","doi":"10.1002/bip.70082","DOIUrl":"10.1002/bip.70082","url":null,"abstract":"<p>B. Redko, E. Ragozin, B. Andrii, T. Helena, A. Amnon, S. Z., Talia, O.-H. Mor, K. Genady, and G. Gary, “Synthesis, Drug Release, and Biological Evaluation of New Anticancer Drug–Bioconjugates Containing Somatostatin Backbone Cyclic Analog as a Targeting Moiety,” <i>Biopolymers</i> 104 (2015): 743–752. https://doi.org/10.1002/bip.22694.</p><p>The first name of the third listed author was spelled incorrectly in the published article. It was originally published as “<b>Andreii</b>”, but the correct spelling is “<b>Andrii</b>”. The online version of this article has been corrected accordingly.</p><p>We apologize for this error.</p>","PeriodicalId":8866,"journal":{"name":"Biopolymers","volume":"117 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-02-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/bip.70082","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146103714","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}