Biopolymers最新文献

{"title":"In Vivo Degradation and Local Tissue Response of Experimental Carp Collagen Membranes: Micro-MRI and Histological Analysis","authors":"Michele Bujda,&nbsp;Tomáš Suchý,&nbsp;Vít Herynek,&nbsp;Jaroslava Dušková,&nbsp;Margit Žaloudková,&nbsp;Luděk Šefc,&nbsp;Karel Klíma,&nbsp;Robert Plachý,&nbsp;René Foltán","doi":"10.1002/bip.70045","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/bip.70045","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Collagen membranes are widely used in tissue and bone engineering, including guided bone regeneration (GBR). For effective and uninterrupted bone healing, a GBR membrane must maintain its functionality for an initial critical period of 4 weeks. A novel carp collagen sponge has already shown promise as a wound coating and vascular graft coating, making it a candidate for GBR applications as well. To enhance the mechanical properties and longevity of GBR membranes, we modified the basic carp collagen membrane with combinations of <span>l</span>-lactide, ε-caprolactone, <span>d</span>,<span>l</span>-lactide, and glycolide in various molar ratios. While traditional methods rely on histological evaluation to assess the degradation pattern and therefore suitability of GBR membranes ex vivo<i>,</i> this study employed micro-MRI as an innovative, noninvasive approach to monitor the in vivo degradation of carp collagen membrane and its polymer-modified variants. Our findings demonstrated that micro-MRI is a reliable and effective method for visualizing collagen membrane degradation in vivo, up to scaffold disintegration. Among the variants tested, collagen GBR membrane coated with <span>d</span>,<span>l</span>-lactide and glycolide in a 50:50 M ratio emerged as the most suitable for GBR purposes. However, since this study was conducted in the subcutaneous tissue of a rat model, further research is required to determine the behavior of carp collagen GBR membrane variants on bony surfaces.</p>","PeriodicalId":8866,"journal":{"name":"Biopolymers","volume":"116 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-08-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/bip.70045","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144861683","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Formulation and Characterization of Cerium Ion Cross-Linked Alginate/PVA Films for Wound Dressing Applications","authors":"Nilay Kahya,&nbsp;Nevin Öztekin,&nbsp;Alper Gürarslan","doi":"10.1002/bip.70043","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/bip.70043","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Herein, alginate films doped with cerium(III) carbonate were prepared via the casting method. An acid treatment process was applied to the films for cross-linking by free Ce³⁺ ions. The incorporation of poly(vinyl) alcohol into the alginate matrix enhanced the film properties. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and differential scanning calorimetry analyses confirmed that PVA did not alter the chemical structure of the Ce/Alg films. Analysis of the morphological characteristics of Ce/Alg films using a scanning electron microscope revealed that porosity existed in the films. Cerium-alginate films rapidly swell in PBS (pH = 7.4) and water within 10 min, demonstrating their potential for effective fluid absorption in wound environments. The water vapor permeability test exhibited that the films have the ability to transmit moisture. This present work reports the formulation of cerium(III) cross-linked alginate films and characterization studies of the films. The films are regarded as subject to efficient wound coverage dressings in future studies with their favorable biomaterial properties.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":8866,"journal":{"name":"Biopolymers","volume":"116 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144833096","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fabrication and Characterization of 3D Printed Polycaprolactone/Baghdadite/Zinc Oxide Nanocomposite Scaffolds for Bone Tissue Engineering","authors":"Zahra Safaei,&nbsp;Mojtaba Ansari,&nbsp;Hossein Eslami","doi":"10.1002/bip.70041","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/bip.70041","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Nowadays, the use of 3D printing method in the construction of scaffolds is significantly common for bone tissue engineering applications. Moreover, the addition of nanoparticles and additives can significantly improve the mechanical and biological properties of polymeric scaffolds as polymers alone are not able to show enough performances. In this study, composite scaffolds based on polycaprolactone (PCL) containing different amounts of zinc oxide (ZnO) and Baghdadite (B) nanoparticles were fabricated by 3D printing method as novel combinations for bone tissue engineering. Then, their physical, mechanical, and biological properties were investigated. The scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of the composite showed uniform and porous structures with open porosity. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) of the scaffolds confirmed that no reaction occurred between PCL, B, and ZnO nanoparticles during the fabrication of composite scaffolds. The PCL/B/ZnO composite scaffolds showed high compressive strength. They also showed weight loss during 4 weeks, which was related to PCL degradation. The high bioactivity of the composite scaffolds was confirmed by dispersive X-ray analysis (EDS). SEM images showed the formation of calcium phosphate (CaP) layer on scaffolds in simulated body fluid (SBF). Inductively coupled plasma (ICP) analysis confirmed the formation of apatite layer on their surfaces. Based on the results of the (3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-Diphenyltetrazolium Bromide) (MTT) test, cell proliferation on the scaffolds increased after 72 h, which shows that the scaffolds are biocompatible and non-toxic. SEM images showed that the cells on the surface of PCL-based nanocomposite scaffolds prepared had a suitable density. The results of alizarin red staining showed a significant amount of calcium deposition on the scaffolds. It has been shown that PCL-based nanocomposite scaffolds containing B and ZnO nanoparticles are suitable candidates for use in bone tissue engineering applications as they have suitable mechanical, biological, and physical properties.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":8866,"journal":{"name":"Biopolymers","volume":"116 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144725647","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"In Vivo Wound Healing and Immune Response Studies of Chitosan Cryogels With Invertebrate Model Organism Galleria mellonella","authors":"Sema Ekici,&nbsp;Serhat Kaya,&nbsp;Gürkan Durucu","doi":"10.1002/bip.70042","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/bip.70042","url":null,"abstract":"<p>In the present study, it was aimed to prepare single and double network chitosan (Ch) cryogels cross-linked with glutaraldehyde (G), which can be recommended for use as model wound dressings and hemostatic agents, and to reveal in vivo studies with <i>Galleria mellonella</i>. An in vivo study about Ch cryogels with these larvae was not declared in the literature, so our study is the first of its kind. <i>G. mellonella</i> was used to determine the effects of cryogels on immunity, oxidative stress, and wound healing. Cinnamic acid (CA) was loaded onto the cryogels, and the percent cumulative release data of CA were found to be in the range of 69%–80%. The results show that loading of CA onto [Ch-3]_cry cryogels considerably improved immune responses; the [Ch-3]_cry-CA group was the most successful in terms of immunological response, oxidative stress balance, and wound healing. In accordance with the 3R principles of ethical animal research, the use of <i>G. mellonella</i> in this study served as a scientifically relevant and ethically responsible alternative model to mammals for preliminary assessment of wound healing potential and innate immune activation. The porous structures, high mechanical strengths, and rapidly swelling-deswelling abilities of [Ch-2@Ch]_cry and [Ch-3]_cry cryogels indicated that these may be suitable for biomedical applications. Analysis of SEM micrographs indicated that the morphology of dual network cryogels prepared in the form of interpenetrating polymeric networks (IPNs) was more regular and homodispersed with respect to single network cryogels. The compressive elasticity modulus (<i>E</i>) values of IPNs cryogels (0.160 N/mm) is approximately 4.6 times that of Ch cryogels with a single network (0.035 N/mm).</p>","PeriodicalId":8866,"journal":{"name":"Biopolymers","volume":"116 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/bip.70042","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144725646","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Upcycling Eggshell Matrix for Sustainable Production of Glycosaminoglycans","authors":"Emmanuel Cobbinah-Sam,&nbsp;Idaresit Ekaette","doi":"10.1002/bip.70040","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/bip.70040","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) are biomolecules with applications in the pharmaceutical, cosmetic, and nutraceutical industries. However, traditional GAG sources, such as animal tissues and marine organisms, present imminent challenges, including structural heterogeneity, contamination risk, and geographical sourcing limitations. This review explores the potential of the eggshell matrix, an abundant yet underutilized by-product of the egg industry, as a sustainable and cost-effective alternative source of GAG production. This review examined the composition of the eggshell matrix, highlighting its rich content of hyaluronic acid, chondroitin sulfate, and other valuable GAGs, coupled with their extraction and purification techniques. The advantages of eggshell matrix-derived GAGs, including their consistent molecular properties, lower allergenicity, and alignment with circular economy principles, are also discussed. Additionally, this review highlights the industrial scalability of eggshell matrix valorization and its potential to mitigate environmental waste while meeting global GAG demand. The eggshell matrix shows promise for GAG production, with hyaluronic acid, chondroitin sulfate, and dermatan sulfate already identified, but more work is needed to improve extraction efficiency, broaden industrial uses, and ensure commercial success. This represents the broad areas of process optimization, technological integration, and comprehensive economic evaluation. By addressing current challenges and future research directions, this review underscores the transformative potential of eggshell matrix-derived GAGs for advancing sustainable biomaterial production.</p>","PeriodicalId":8866,"journal":{"name":"Biopolymers","volume":"116 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/bip.70040","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144666476","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lipid Nanocarriers of Naringin Dispersed Gel for Topical Application: Development, In Vitro, Ex Vivo, and In Vivo Kinetics Evaluations","authors":"Meghanath Shete,&nbsp;Krantee Chavan,&nbsp;Swati Raysing,&nbsp;Ansari Imtiyaz Ejaz","doi":"10.1002/bip.70039","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/bip.70039","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Nanostructured lipid carriers (NLCs) have emerged as promising systems for topical drug delivery due to their enhanced stability and high entrapment efficiency for lipophilic compounds. This study aimed to improve the topical skin permeation of poorly water-soluble Naringin (Nrg) for the treatment of diabetes mellitus (DM) using an NLC-based gel. Nrg-loaded NLCs were prepared via a microemulsion technique followed by homogenization and optimized using a Box–Behnken design. The optimized Nrg-loaded NLCs exhibited a particle size of 212.1 ± 1.8 nm, zeta potential of −23.6 ± 2.8 mV, and entrapment efficiency of 77.47% ± 4.3%. Further, XRD, DSC, and TEM analyses confirmed the crystalline state and nanoscale structure. In vitro release studies revealed a biphasic sustained release profile. The optimized Nrg-NLCs were incorporated into a Carbopol 940 (Cp) gel, which showed 2.36-fold higher skin permeation compared with plain Nrg-Cp gel. In vivo pharmacokinetic studies demonstrated a 1.56-fold increase in bioavailability versus oral Nrg suspension. No skin irritation was observed in animal models. These findings suggest that Nrg-NLC-Cp gel offers a non-invasive and effective alternative for topical delivery of Nrg with improved permeation and systemic availability that can potentially enhance therapeutic outcomes and patient compliance in DM management.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":8866,"journal":{"name":"Biopolymers","volume":"116 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144573843","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Preparation and Characterization of Cellulose Filled With Hydroxyapatite Biocomposite Film","authors":"Ene Awodi,&nbsp;Turup Pandurangan Mohan,&nbsp;Kanny Krishnan","doi":"10.1002/bip.70038","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/bip.70038","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The packaging industry remains largely dominated by non-degradable synthetic materials, raising environmental concerns and prompting increased interest in sustainable alternatives. As a result, biopolymers such as starch and cellulose have gained considerable attention. The present study investigates the thermal, mechanical, and hydrophilic properties of regenerated cellulose film as a potential eco-friendly packaging material. The biopolymers utilized in this study were derived from secondary biowaste sources. The presence of transmittance bands corresponding to calcium and phosphate groups in the FTIR spectra, as well as the results of elemental composition analysis (EDX), confirmed the elemental makeup of the particles. FTIR analysis further revealed significant interactive bonding between the hydroxyl groups in the cellulose matrix and the calcium components of the FSHAp fillers. These interactions resulted in shifts in the IR transmittance bands in the biopolymer composite films. The incorporation of FSHAp fillers into the cellulose matrix enhanced the thermal stability of the cellulose films, with an observed improvement of 24%. At a filler concentration of 3 wt%, the char residue was 74.89% higher than that of the unfilled cellulose film. Additionally, the cellulose film containing 2 wt% FSHAp exhibited a tensile strength of 23 MPa, representing a 30% increase compared to the unfilled sample. This study introduces a novel biopolymer composite film as a promising sustainable and eco-friendly alternative to conventional plastic-based packaging materials. Furthermore, it supports the principles of the circular economy by offering a viable solution for managing abundantly available biomass waste.</p>","PeriodicalId":8866,"journal":{"name":"Biopolymers","volume":"116 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/bip.70038","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144503239","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Elucidating Mechanisms of Gelation, Fiber Assembly, and Stability of Injectable Decellularized Extracellular Matrix Biomaterials","authors":"Alexander Chen,&nbsp;Michael B. Nguyen,&nbsp;Julian Cheng,&nbsp;Benjamin D. Bridgelal,&nbsp;Kate E. Reimold,&nbsp;Joshua Tesoro,&nbsp;Estefania Encisco-Pelayo,&nbsp;Karen L. Christman","doi":"10.1002/bip.70037","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/bip.70037","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Decellularized extracellular matrix (dECM)-based biomaterials have been widely used for their applications in tissue engineering. In particular, pepsin digestion of dECM can be used to generate injectable forms, including ECM hydrogels as well as an intravascularly infusible ECM (iECM). However, fundamental materials characterization of these materials has been limited, and thus little is known about what exactly drives gelation of ECM hydrogels or the conditions for fibril assembly and growth. With this study, we sought to answer a fundamental question on how these materials assemble or gel, as well as a translational question on what storage conditions are suitable for these materials. Here, we used second-harmonic generation and transmission electron microscopy to investigate the mechanism of gelation for ECM hydrogels and the nanofibril assembly of the iECM. Overall, these microscopies revealed the origin and morphology of self-assembly and that type I collagen lateral and longitudinal growth drives ECM hydrogel formation. On the contrary, the iECM preserved the same mechanism for nanofiber assembly without gelation. In terms of translation, ensuring the stability after rehydration is critical for therapeutic injection timing since changes in the material could impact both safety and efficacy. Via microscopy in conjunction with bulk material characterization, we found that dECM formulations are best kept at 4°C for a maximum of 24 h after rehydration in order to maintain their original properties. Overall, this work provides evidence for the type I collagen directed self-assembly within heterogeneous, injectable, decellularized ECM biomaterials and also determines clinically relevant material storage conditions.</p>","PeriodicalId":8866,"journal":{"name":"Biopolymers","volume":"116 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/bip.70037","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144472943","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Eco-Friendly Biopolymers: Eco-Friendly Biopolymers: Converting Waste Cooking Oil Into Simultaneous Production of Two Valuable Polyhydroxyalkanoates and Bacterial Alginate Through Microbial Conversion","authors":"Wankuson Chanasit,&nbsp;Kamontam Umsakul,&nbsp;Kumar Sudesh","doi":"10.1002/bip.70035","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/bip.70035","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>An obstacle to the commercial application of polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) and a co-product exopolysaccharide, alginate, is their high production cost. In this study, waste cooking oil (WCO) was used as an inexpensive carbon source for biopolymer production by <i>Pseudomonas mendocina</i> PSU. The highest biomass of 4.60 ± 0.06 g/L and PHA concentration of 2.58 ± 0.03 g/L (accounting for about 54% DCW) were achieved with a productivity of 0.072 g/L/h under optimal conditions determined by response surface methodology. Additionally, a maximum alginate yield of 8.85 ± 0.24 g/L was obtained as the co-product. The WCO, which primarily contained oleic acid (C18:1), palmitic acid (C16:0), and linoleic acid (C18:2) influenced the monomer composition of the produced PHA. The results demonstrated the presence of both SCL-PHA monomers such as 3HB (3-hydroxybutyrate) and MCL-PHA monomers including 3HHx (3-hydroxyhexanoate), 3HO (3-hydroxyoctanoate), 3HD (3-hydroxydecanoate), and 3HDD (3-hydroxydodecanoate) in varying molar fractions. Moreover, an average molecular weight of approximately 10⁴ Da and a polydispersity index of 1.58 were determined in the produced PHA, consisting predominantly of 3HB (86 mol%) when the cells were grown in 2.0% (v/v) WCO. Furthermore, the melting temperature (<i>T</i>_<i>m</i>) and glass transition temperature (<i>T</i>_<i>g</i>) were around 157°C and −20°C, respectively. Additionally, the produced alginate from <i>P. mendocina</i> PSU exhibited functional acetyl groups, which are a distinguishing feature of bacterial alginate, and showed an apparent viscosity comparable to commercial alginate from brown seaweed. These biopolymer characteristics demonstrate strong potential for biomaterial applications, adding value to WCO and reducing overall production costs.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":8866,"journal":{"name":"Biopolymers","volume":"116 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144256168","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Synthesis and Investigation of Albumin Nanoparticles Loaded With Anti-Tuberculosis Drug Isoniazid","authors":"Aldana Galiyeva,&nbsp;Yerkeblan Tazhbayev,&nbsp;Tolkyn Zhumagaliyeva,&nbsp;Bakhytgul Karimova,&nbsp;Nurlan Tabriz,&nbsp;Vitaliy V. Khutoryanskiy","doi":"10.1002/bip.70036","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/bip.70036","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The development of novel treatment strategies for tuberculosis (TB), including its multidrug-resistant forms, remains a global health priority. Conventional first- and second-line anti-TB drugs are often incorporated into polymer-based delivery systems to improve efficacy and reduce side effects. Among biodegradable, non-toxic, and biocompatible polymers, human serum albumin (HSA) stands out as a highly promising drug carrier. In this study, isoniazid (INH)-loaded human serum albumin nanoparticles were synthesized via the reaction of HSA macromolecules with cysteine in the presence of urea. Key nanoparticles characteristics—including size, polydispersity, drug loading efficiency, and drug binding capacity—were systematically evaluated and optimized. The effects of various formulation parameters, such as solution pH and concentration of urea, cysteine, albumin, and isoniazid, were investigated. Conformational changes in the protein structure were assessed using spectrofluorometric analysis. Additionally, the physicochemical properties and in vitro drug release profiles of HSA-INH nanoparticles were characterized. The antimicrobial activity of the nanoparticles was tested against the wild-type <i>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</i> H37Rv strain at isoniazid concentrations of 5, 25, and 50 mg/mL. The minimum inhibitory concentration of isoniazid when delivered via HSA nanoparticles was also determined.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":8866,"journal":{"name":"Biopolymers","volume":"116 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144256280","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}